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HomeMy WebLinkAbout47-78 .-. --- . . iJ / 4Y~7i; II 7 7~ ;: V. RESOLUTION NO. 47-71 A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles accepting and adopting the recommended strategies necess- ary to comply with requirements of the U. S. Clean Air Act Amendments, and WHEREAS, the Port Angeles Air Quality Advisory Committee was formed and did develop strategies to improve local air quality, and WHEREAS, five strategies were developed and are shown in Exhibit "A", and WHEREAS, a Public Hearing was held on October 17, 1978 to discuss these strategies, and WHEREAS, it is intended that these strategies be implemented in se- quencial order and within the time frame indicated until compliance with the U. S. Clean Air Act is obtained, and WHEREAS, once compliance with the U. S. Clean Air Act is achieved, no further strategies will be employed. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles that the recommendations of the Port Angeles Air Quality Advisory Committee be accepted and adopted as final and complete, and BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that a copy of this resolution and it's ex- hibits be sent to the Washington State Department of Ecology and the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency as evidence of the adoption of the recommen- dations. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles and approved 1-tt day of by its Mayor at a regular meeting of the Council held on the !urJ-Mlt.lUIt J / , 1978. ~ ."' . ..... ....- ATTEST: - . - . ~-(!. r~ Marian C. Parrish, City Clerk EXHIBIT "A" I ~ ., PORT ANGELES AIR QUALITY ADVISORY CO~~lITTEE October' 17. 1978 TO: Sam Haguewood. Mayor of Port Angeles and Port Angeles City Council The purpose of this memorandum is to give information and recommended actions ,4It the City Council of Port Angeles to comply with requirements of the U. S. Clean Air' Act Amendments signed by the President on August 7, 197-7. The recommended actions \\lere developed by the Port Angeles Air Quality Advisory Committee after considering possible strategies. The Port Angeles Air Quality Advisory Co~ittee is composed of the following members: Hi. Dale, Woodside, M & R Timber Co.; Mr. Kenneth IVhorton. City Hanager of Port Angeles and alternate Hr.Dave Flodstrom; Director Public Harks'; Dr. Harry Lydiard. 'Conservationist;. Hr. Thomas Neal. Hanagerof the Port of Port Angeles; and. Hr. John, Rosene, Control Officer of the Olympic Air Pollution Control Authority. Mr; Rosene was appointed chairman of the group by action taken by the,membership on July 25, 1978. The , Committee held three meetings in Port Angeles on July 25, August 11. and September 14, 1978. The Advisory Committee was formed because of requirements of 1977 amendments of the U. S.' Clean Air Act. ,,,herein local input to state goverrunent is necessary anY'"heI,"e a "non-attainmentll status is evident in any commllnity. and subsequent control strategies are required to institute a' control plan. The Committee was recoMmended in communication, from the lJashington State Department of .Ecology to the Port Angeles City Council Hay' 3. " 1978; and to member appointees on July 14, 1978. The U.S. Clean Air Act Amendments require state and local governments to revise existing state air quality implementation plans for all areas such as Port Angeles. \-There national primary and secondary ambient air quality standards have not been IlK:t. Portions of the Port Angeles metropolitan area (see attached map) po not meet standards er suspended particulate. Said area does meet the prim3ry national standard, but fails in attainment of the U. S. secondary standard. Page tlITO .. A revised State Implementation Plan must be submitted to the U. S. Environ- mental Protection Agency by January I, '19.79. It must ShON - through planned "legally enforceablefl actions - that national primary air standards can be achieved by December 317 1982. A reasonable extension is possible in tho.;.;~ cases where it' is, only a non-attainment ", ,_ ~f the secondary standard. If absolute deadlines are not met7 such as the first date of .., J ,l~Y" ,:::: 1, 1979, the Clean Air Act provides for federal prohibition of construction of _ ..., new' pollution sources and the cutoff of federal. funding for transportat.ton and other pI-' :~. jects on the local scene. SUSPENDED PARTICULATES The TSP (Total Suspended Particulate) non-attainn~nt area is to the east of Pine Street and north of Second and west of Oak Street, and fall directly Nithin the City and Port jurisdiction. The federal primary standard for particulate is 75 micrograms per cubic meter, and secondary standard is 60 micrograms per cubic met~r. Lead responsibility for meeting Clean Air Act requirements is a joint: re- sponsibility of Olympic Air Pollution Control Authority (OAPCA) with the City of Port Angeles. The OAPCA and Department of Ecology studies have determined that approximately 58 percent of airborne particulate iesults ,by. vehicle traffic over unpaved surfaces _ roadways and parking lots. and other industrial-commercial storage areas. ,A small per- centage of reduct~on is possible through additions to the rigid controls, already imposed on industrial emssions other than those caused by vehicle tra~fic. In bnlancet the in- dustrial emissions~. which are referred to as "point" sources, versus the other source as "area", show large'control effort for the "point"t and practically none in the uareal! . source., The approximately two,rniles of public roads in the City's portion of the non- . ' dttainment area - as well as the unpaved parking and stor.age surfac~s of Port property _ are the City's primary conc~Tn. Private industry located north of Front Street has re- sponsibility for untrcnted storage areas. Port property., also north (If Front Strcet. Ie responsibility for additional untreated parking and storage areas.- ,Ahatel:lcnt strategies, x ~.'~", ,Eage three . discussed at the August 11th, meeting included: 1. Paving of Log Yard Ther,e are no emission control measures Quoted in the literature for fugitive -" " 'cimssions from log sort and storage yards. However, measures for other types of fugitive dust sources could apply and also have economic benefits-as well. Frederick }1. Hayman. Systems Coordinator from the Columbia River Log Scaling and Grading Bureau, reported it is much easier to scrape off bark, mud, etc., from a paved sur face than from a rock surface. Log handling, equipment was also reported to ex- perience less repairs working on a smooth surface as compared to rock yards which could become quite rutted. Robert A. Bridges, District Engineer for the Asphalt Institute, noted in his paper,'~lQg Sort Yards and Asphalt Pavements", that wheeled vehicles move faster, safer, with 100>1er maintenance costs - in other \wrds, more efficiently on paved surfaces. 1n- creased' productivity and lower equipment main,tenance are the benefits to be balanced against the costs of. constructing a!ld maintaining the paved surface throughout' its ser- vice life or period of use. The motor truck industry learned these facts long ago. and now log sort yard operators are developing a similar understanding of the'benefits to be derived from paved work areas". A ~eport by Dr. R. G. Hicks of Oregon State University~ stated three economic . ' benefits and one disadvantage derived from paving: (a) Bark'and other wood wastes can be collected and hogged and (if a market exis ts) . sold as fuel. Hhereas. if the surf ace ~.,r2re unpaved. rock and other foreign lilaterial might damage the hog. making it uneconomical. Also) the ....Taste \wuld have to be disposed of by ha~Il:i.ng to a landfill e at OHner's expel'lse. Page four ... (b) Operating costs of hea\~ equipment over a gravel surface are much grea ter than for paved surfaces; 1. e.. cos ts of o'pera ting and running. ' (c) Vehicle m:lintenance costs; i.e., repair costs, tire wear, etc.. are '",,- less for a paved surface. ' One sort yard found a 64% increase in tire life and considerable decrease in weldi.ng maintenance. " (d) Closure costs are required' when yard is closed in overlapping. the p,lJve~ ,'. o 0' ..~ ment or rock replacement. .".... W'o.: , .. An article published in Forest Industries" October 1976. analyzed, costs and. , ~.. '~ retu~s for a composite of western log yard paving. A copy of the costs and returns over a 20 acres, gravel. surfaced log yard is sho\<1ll,., Among'the improvements mentioned, \vere in... " creased efficiency, improved producti~ity, and reduced maintenance for log stackers (35%). showing savings in tires, fork breakage and drive linkage maintenance and elimination of gravel 'replacement costs, with the potential to' sell bark at $2~ SO/torI rather than, paying, to have it disposed. Also mentioned was a reduction in equipment hours estimated at .59 on paved surfaces to 1. 00 on gravel surfaces because of increased operating speed (3-1/3 mph ave. to 5-2/3 mph), and faster loading, larger average loads and great~r safety. The area of the PennPly log yard is roughly 6.5 acres. The cost of paving the PeunPly log yard, using the figures from this article~,w6uld'be'roughly $350,000. 2. Watering the Log Yard ., ;L. I EPA estimates watering of construction or demolition sites can reduc~ ," tive dust ~nissions from these sources by 50%. There "".", . :.. fugi- .',' .~.." - ~ .~:~..l:. '.'",,, are some possible mutual benefits~~;) - . - ~'~~.~~ quality. if sprinkling the logs and ",,;;. . .l .~. .-4.,.?(~-t. that may be derived for the log yard, as well as air the gr.ounds could 'take plaC"e'jointly. D. . J; NiUer';' AsSistant Professor of the School' of .', " ........ o - Forestry, Oregon State University, stated several advantages of sprinkling logs in bis ' paper "Sprinkling to Control Deterioration 'of Decked Logs". In the Douglas Fir region, sprinkli.ng has been adopted to control checking. and also is regarded as good fire pro- 0 tection. Checking is the uneven shrinking of the ,..ood as ,it dTies. and causes c:rncks e M ..... ... Pa~e. rive ,'deep ,~s 3-1/2 inches over a period of two summer months. Sprinkling helps keep the moisture content of fresh logs more nearly like that of the living tree. at the level where checking cannot occur. Fungal stain can be inhibited by lack of wood mOisture-. or conversely , by an excess of it. and 'a resultant lacl(:' of needed oxygen. Logs can be protected from insect' attack by ~et storage, and,: afterwards, kiln drying usually kills the larvae., Sprinkling ~SShOTNn to kill or inhibit attack of the important western insects that liill burrow into logs. Experiences from log yards indicate intermittent sprinkling far 20 minutes per hour, day and night, protected spruce logs decked through six spring and summer months in central British Columbia. Sprinkling only during the day caused only some damage from insec ts and sap ro t;' It is of interest ,to note that the greatest benefits of sprinkling are de- rived during periods of high temperature and prolonged periods without rainj i.e., some of the saine characteristics which produce fugitive dust ,emissions. It is suggested in the ,literature tl1at all of these problems occur acutely during summer. a time when the seasonally high particulate levels are reached. According to data froln September 1974 to September 1976. a period of dryness longer than about three days prodnced TSP values in excess of 60 ~g!rn3,and,a_period of dryness of eight Or nine days produced value? over 150 ug/rn3. According to EPA estimates. and depending upon the drying effe~ts of . wind. lot.'" hucridity and solar radiation. it takes one to three days to return 'an unpaved road to its equilibrium state after a rainfall. EPAestimates in October 1977 for wet- - - , "2 ,. ting of ~onstruction site access roads twice a day. at :5 gal!yd is $6.00/~cre/day.' Using this as a ballpark figure applied to the log yard, the cost for 6.5 acres would be' $40/clay; -- ^ disadvantage of watering or sprinkling \-lOuld be the incrc'asc' in mnd car.ryout onto adJ3cent,streets. e . ...... J Page si.x . '. '3. Street S~eeping Street sweeping is already employed by the City in ce~tral Port Angeles, east of the non-attainment area. Sweeping could be extended west into the non-attainment area. . ;:i'he feasibility and cost of this \vould have to be worked. ,out with the Utilities Superin- , cendent for Port Angeles. An EPA estimate for the cost is $4.50/cur~ mile for a single pass of a street ~t.;reeper. ThE;! effective~ess of this rne!=hod of c<?,n~rol is undetermioa. :,', One source stated that broom street sweepers picked. up only 20% of dUst below 140 om. Such 'sweepers tend to cause air pollution and move much of the material out of the gutter and redistribute it on areas where it will be subject to abraston and resuspension by traffic., 4. Curbing An American Public Works Association (APWA) study found that curbing a paved, 'road reduced by'a factor of four the amount of dust under lIB inch in size coming onto the surface. There are at least two miles of curbless roadway in the area of the City Light Hi-Vol. ' Mud carryout is obviously a contributor to fugitive dust emissions in the area. To increase the effectiveness of. street curbing as a dust control measure, the adjacent soil might be stabilized or covered (sidewalks) to prevent wind erosion or tracking of this soil onto the street.. The effectiveness. of this measure is unknO\lll, bu: it has been suggested that this will significantly reduce the transfer of exposed soil to the streets. The Seattle Engineeririg Department recently estimated the cost of ,', .,' :~~ .~> curbing at $10 per linear foot. 'October l~ 1977 EPA estUk~tes ar.e $5 per foot, depend- ing on the area. 5. Chemical Stabilizers Chemical stabilizers have shown to approach 85% effectiveness in controlling fugitive dust emission!'>. The main drnwback to this is cost. L~A estimates ba8~d on 'ce trol, strategies follmJed in the Arizona area concluded repeated applications of the . 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