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Home My WebLink AboutAgenda Packet 07/15/2014QRTNGELES A 8 F 1 iI N c3 t 0 N, U 5, A. CITY COUNCIL MEETING 321 East 51' Street July 15, 2014 SPECIAL MEETING - 5:00 p.m. REGULAR MEETING - 6:00 p.m. The Mayor may determine the order of business for a particular City Council meeting. The agenda should be arranged to best serve the needs and/or convenience of the Council and the public. Mayor to determine time of break. The items of business for regular Council meetings may include the following: A. CALL TO ORDER - SPECIAL MEETING AT 5:00 P.M. — Executive Session under authority of RCW 42.30.110(1) (i), to discuss potential litigation with legal counsel, and under authority of RCW 42.30.110(1) (d), to review negotiations on the performance ofpublicly bid contracts. CALL TO ORDER - REGULAR MEETING AT 6:00 P.M. B. ROLL CALL PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE CEREMONIAL MATTERS, PROCLAMATIONS & EMPLOYEE RECOGNITIONS C. PUBLIC COMMENT - D. LATE ITEMS TO BE PLACED ON THIS OR FUTURE AGENDAS - E. CONSENT AGENDA / Approve 1. City Council Minutes: June 10 and 24, and July 1, 2014......................................................................................................E-1 2. Expenditure Approval List: 6/21/2014 to 7/4/2014 for $3,443,947.91..................................................................................E-7 F. QUASI-JUDICIAL MATTERS — REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS (6:30 P.M. or soon thereafter)................................................................................................................................................None G. PUBLIC HEARINGS — OTHER (6:30 P.M. or soon thereafter) 1. Capital Facilities Plan/ Continue and Close Public Hearing /Conduct 2"a Reading /Approve /......................................... G-1 H. ORDINANCES NOT REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS 1. Budget Amendment 42 / Conduct 2"a Reading /Approve/................................................................................................... H-1 2. Street Trees Ordinance / Conduct 2"a Reading /Adopt/........................................................................................................ H-9 3. Council Term Limits / Conduct 1" Reading / Continue to August 5th/............................................................................... H-19 Mayor to determine time of break / Hearing devices available for those needing assistance. July 15, 2014 Port Angeles City Council Meeting Page - 1 I. RESOLUTIONS NOT REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS 1. Clallam County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Resolution.........................................................................I-1 2. Resolution to Amend Transportation Improvement Program (TIP)...................................................................................... I-18 J. OTHER CONSIDERATIONS 1. Chamber Report 2 Criminal Justice Costs.......................................................................................................................................................... J-1 3. AFSCME Contract Amendment.......................................................................................................................................... J-2 K FINANCE 1. Equipment Purchase: Solid Waste Collection Truck............................................................................................................ K-1 2. Eclipse Feeder Upgrade......................................................................................................................................................... K-3 3. Landfill Cell Stabilization Change Order No. 1, Retail Taxes............................................................................................... K-6 4. Award Tree Trimming Contract............................................................................................................................................ K-7 5. Equipment Purchase: Hook Truck-Wastewater.................................................................................................................... K-9 L. COUNCIL REPORTS - M. INFORMATION City Manager Reports: 1. Public Works & Utilities Quarterly Report ...........................................................................................................................M-1 2. Well City Award...................................................................................................................................................................M-4 3. June Building Permit Report .................................................................................................................................................M-6 N. EXECUTIVE SESSION O. ADJOURNMENT - PUBLIC HEARINGS Public hearings are set by the City Council in order to meet legal requirements. In addition, the City Council may set a public hearing in order to receive public input prior to making decisions, which impact the citizens. Certain matters may be controversial, and the City Council may choose to seek public opinion through the public hearing process. Mayor to determine time of break / Hearing devices available for those needing assistance. July 15, 2014 Port Angeles City Council Meeting Page - 2 PUBLIC INTEREST SIGN-UP SHEET PORT ANGELES WASH I N G T O N, U.S.A. DATE OF MEETING: July 15, 2014 You are encouraged to sign below if: CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING LOCATION: City Council Chambers 1. You are here to listen to the City Council discussion on a particular agenda item; 2. You want to speak during the Public Comment period of the agenda. If several members of the public are interested in a particular agenda item, the Mayor may move that item so it is discussed earlier in the meeting. Also, the Mayor may use the information provided to organize the Public Comment period. During the Public Comment portion of the meeting, the Mayor will invite citizens to talk with the Council about topics that are not scheduled for public testimony on the evening's agenda. Prior to the start of the "Public Comment" portion of the public hearing, all persons wishing to be heard are asked to sign in with the Clerk, giving their names and addresses, and topic. The Mayor may arrange the order of speakers so that testimony is heard in the most logical groupings. To allow time for the Council to complete its legislative agenda, comments should be limited to no more than 5 minutes per person and a total of 15 minutes for this comment period. At the discretion of the Mayor, these time periods may be lengthened or shortened. Following any public comment, the Mayor may allow time, limited to five minutes, for response from City Council members and/or City staff. No speaker may convey or donate his or her time for speaking to another speaker. If many people wish to speak to a particular issue, the Mayor may limit the total amount of time dedicated to that single issue. Written comments may be submitted into the record of a Council meeting by presenting the written document to the Clerk prior to the meeting, in which case a copy of the document will be provided to each Council Member, but the document will not be read aloud; or a document may be distributed to the City Council, with a copy to the Clerk, by a speaker while the speaker is addressing the Council. G:\Group\Clerk\Forms\Council Attendance Roster.doe July 16, 20115 My name is Jan Butler I have lived on So I Street for 10 years. I am here to express my concerns about the excessive use of Legal fireworks and the increasing use of illegal mortars and powerful mortar rockets that deliver unbearable sound concussions that shake and vibrate right through homes. This was the worst year I have ever witnessed for the discharge illegal fireworks in my area. We have all set off fireworks in our life time and I still have pleasant memories of that from childhood.... As I grew to adulthood we had many kinds of pets and several dogs but never had to tranquilize them for the 4& or New Years. Now, it is a necessity to tranquilize pets and livestock because the noise levels of fireworks are too high. This year was so stressful I needed medical help and learned from the doctor and the pharmacy that a lot of tranquilizers are now being prescribed for people because, like animals sound levels and the durations are too much for the nervous systems of many. A public display which is safe and handled by professionals and less polluting than consumer fireworks is provided here in Port Angeles but sadly it does not satisfy . People attend and return home to shoot off displays that rage for hours. ( An example of excess: My next door neighbor discharged so many that the spent casings filled a large wheel barrel two feet above the rim in his front yard and there were still casings on the street yet to be picked up on the morning of the 5th.) It is a lot to ask of your neighbor who is not discharging who might be elderly, in poor health, a veteran that has live through war to put up with that volume of noise and polluting smoke for hours, often while consoling their own frightened pet, They sit trapped in their homes unable to open any windows because of the noise and smoke, pay a vet bill to sedate their pet and or themselves. Or if they just can't take it they can just leave their home, load up and flee to the National Forest and camp or pay $350.00 a night for a pet legal room, and worry the whole time if their home has been burned down while they were away. I learned the next day that another neighbor and I had ventured out to spot the location of a discharger for the police. The discharger shot motar rockets horizontally through our yards exploding at window level from 11:15 until 12:20.1 called police 2 times but they were so busy that I am not sure if an officer was ever came . I was afraid to go outside because the horrendous no -stop explosions and toxic smoke was so thick my surveillance cameras were useless. This added yet another security issue for my property. The smoke was like a thick ground fog. This contaminated my yard, vegetable garden, fruits and the water in the bird baths. The next day I cleaned up the spent rockets and fireworks debris on our property. 1. Not to mention that all the native birds that are federally protected are killed or driven from our neighborhoods ----it takes days for a few to filter back. I ask: why you are allowing these toxic chemicals . Heavy metals and perchlorates to be spread all over homes and yards?? I have enclosed information regarding these chemicals and their dangers in your hand out. I ask you to read this information. 2. This year it cost us nearly $300.00 for the construction of sound absorbing pillows for all our windows . (show them the pillow) . Even with the protective measures we did, our health and that of our birds can never again be exposed to this amount of concussions for hours---- We thought we were living on an artillery range. What happened to the civil liberties and protection that our tax dollars pay for?? 3. I also want to know why every law and regulation that has been put in place to protect property, life, air, soil and water quality, wildlife, cruelty to animals and livestock and the environment are negated for the use of fireworks and non -dischargers often cannot get response from fire or law enforcement when violations are in progress? 4. The police and sheriff do not have the man power to cover so much territory. This City and County are classed as restricted but the start and stop times are ignored. 5. County and City are left with the bills to cover fires, medical emergencies, extra hours on police and fire, costs like the lake Sutherland fire. I do not know if enough revenue is take in from the sales of fireworks to cover these expenses. Thank God no firefighter was hurt or killed for someone's thrill of shooting off rockets. Or that houses were not burned down so private insurance can pay for it. 6. Fireworks companies make their money and leave until the next year with no responsibility for the fires, insurance needs, pollutions or injuries from their products.... This is deplorable. The tent sales won't be up for New Year so if the dischargers did not store their explosives in their garage or home they will head to the reservations and discharge those types of fireworks in town even though they are not supposed to remove them from the reservation. 1. I believe the reservations should take responsibilities and enforce purchasers to use explosive parks on the reservation at the time of purchase. If they want to make money selling fireworks then the products should stay on the reservations as it is suppose to and not come out into the communities. Some of the injuries are heart breaking--- I enclosed a press release about a 4 month old baby in your folder. How easy this could happen here . We had some pretty serious injuries here in this year---just one of these should be enough to make people say it's time to celebrate in a better way and re-train ourselves to do so. S. I would propose that each council member forgo their personal 4`b of July holiday next year and be a ride along with our officers so you can witness first hand what is happening in our city and what these officers and firemen are up against. Witnessing the mayhem in person will be much different than reading a report or the newspaper. Many cities and counties in Washington have banned fireworks. Why not here?? 9. Clallam County as a whole should set an example that there are safe and better alternatives to celebrating holidays than the use of dangerous and toxic fireworks. I would like this Counsel to consider a ban on the personal fireworks and maintain our public display. Or have a laser light show ! This would free up officers to search out, fine and arrest those who insist on purchasing, and discharging their illegal explosives in neighborhoods. 10. All such material should be confiscated and destroyed after being used to convict. I would further hope that these people be put into orange jumpsuits and do cleanup work and be responsible for restitutions should they injure another party, man or beast. We on the Olympic Peninsula have been blessed with a pristine and beautiful environment that other do not have the opportunity to live in and it is our responsibility to protect it every day of the year. Thank you! Note: This presentation and collected information has been a joint effort of Herb Senft of Sequim, Washington and Jan Butler M V, 6 1 oill eel M V, 6 1 oill I u.5� L vl v >> >> Fireworks pollution Fireworks - Cheap Thri s'"zth Toxic Consequences Pollution from Fireworks is an Unnecessary Risk to Our Personal and EnNrirontnental Health �o,i: Foldt- i1P i -.I c'Llc.-Di..,5 _ ::c..'_ rlI c nr l; heel I i t, o.: T nourh . C. r- it c Orl"< Whv Celebrate those Special Occasions by Polluting? IS 1-70iS01,iline Oil c 'd u.'a1?7 c Ilctricr.cr ro'er rr, rCfnz mr tt.e t:k. IS WMeCCSSOr QST FiQI/lriY n C f CC+iv i t r%12n` it. theKc' Tevy Do you consider yourself environmentally conscious and responsible?? You might not latow that all those colorful explosives used to celebrate special occasions.... (your firecrackers; skyrockets, Roman candles and yes even those so-called "harmless" sparklers)... pose a serious environmental and health danger from heavy metals and other toxic firework fallout. So the next time you are about to set off or buy some cheap fireworks or even attend an outdoor fireworks display, ask yourself...... is a fete minutes of P3Totechnic entertainment really worth needlessly polluting the environment? How Fireworks Cause Pollution Fnnvorks contribute to oollutiue or damazinw our olanet in various ways throughout their life cycle. • Manufacturing: Raw materials and energy are used to create the final firework product. Firework ingredients often come from elements that need to be mined from the earth. Mining is not exactly environmentally friendly. Minerals then need to be processed and isolated... often with chemicals. Fireworks use plastic plus paper & cardboard (which kills trees) and are all made at factories that pollute. • Transportation: Firework components are transported to the firework assembly plant, finished fireworks are transported to their various distribution centers and stores. Transporting may include planes, boats, and trucks. I don't need to tell you the pollution that vehicles cause. And don't forget that Search this Site Search r L:r,t. i -- L Kikir o ct:{ilr---- • iii yl !� L..Cii li ..�, t �" ' �'r ild` itEa Sun' wall Convit91i, 2005-2014 SHnRE [ E.... http://-www.backcounti-yattitude.com/toxic—fireworks.htnal 7/8/2014 the consumer drives to purchase the fireworks, sometimes hundreds of miles to another state to bypass local restrictions- • Combustion: Air Pollution: The smoke from fireworks consists mainly of fine toxic dusts (particulate matter) that can easily enter the lungs. This represents a real threat for people with asthma or multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS). Smoke from fireworks combustion may contain a mixture of sulfur - coal compounds, traces of heavy metals, and other toxic chemicals or gases. The combustion cloud can contain harmful fumes such as ozone, sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide. Smoke from consumer fireworks is of most concern because they are released at a low level which makes inhalation more likely compared to professional displays. Additionally, in this time where the issues of climate change and global warming are being presented with a sense of urgency, we need to be concerned about the greenhouse gases fireworks produce, which include Carbon dioxide (CO2) and ozone. Water Pollution: Fireworks fallout can contaminate water supplies and residue on the ground can be carried away by rain and end up in our lakes, rivers, or oceans. Noise Pollution: Fireworks can be loud and the vibrations can travel far. In the middle of the night fireworks often disturb people trying to sleep. Fireworks can exceed 140 decibels and noise at 85 decibels or above can damage hearing. Some people also argue the noise from fireworks scares pets and wildlife like birds, etc. Accidents: In 2000-2004, fireworks started an estimated 32,300 reported fires per year, including 2,700 building and vehicle fires. More fires are reported on the 4th of July than any other day of the year [ I t. the color effect of fireworks, toxic heavy metals like barium, aluminum, lead, mercury salts, antimony, ler, and strontium can be used in firework compositions. Outdated heavy metals that have been used in the include rubidium and cadmium. Some toxic elements are supposedly not used in fireworks anymore like compounds, chlorates, and mercury as mercurous chloride (calomel), but some firework chemical outlets sell some of these ingredients, they can still be seen in some pyrotechnic chemical lists, and homemade vorks makers still sometimes talk about using them. [any fireworks are imported from China which is scary because they have a proven track record of cutting )niers by using cheaper, more toxic materials. Some of the metals also have radioactive isotopes... hopefully .ey aren't being used in any fireworks. The American Fireworks Standards Laboratory (AFSL) has established testing and certification program for Chinese and U.S. fireworks to determine if they are being produced :cording to AFSL Standards (which meet all U.S. federal requirements). There is a list of prohibited toxic remicals in the standards but unfortunately participation in the program is voluntary for manufacturers and iporters. Firework shipments that pass standards only assure that one random sample from the lot has been sted and met all requirements1. Will you trust the quality of your air to China?? The Toxic Elements of Fireworks - Pick Your Poison Toric Element Fireworks Usaze Toxic Effect of Fallout Dust & Fumes Aluminum brilliant whites Contact dermatitis, bioaecumulation Antimony sulfide glitter effects Toxic smoke, possible carcinogen Arsenic compounds Used as colorants. Toxic ash can cause lung cancer, skin Sadly still out there. irritation and wart formation. ,,, Barium Nitrate glittering greens Poisonous. Fumes can irritate respiratory tract. Possible radioactive fallout. f-111 blues Polychlorinated dioxins and dibenzofurans. Copper compounds i 51 Can bioaccumulate. Cancer risk. Hexaclilorobenzene Use v,�as sir . used to pp Persistent environmental to -,,,m. Is a (rrICB) "= be banned globally. carcinogen,mutagen and a reproductive ap hazard Lead Dioxide / Bioaccumulation, developmental danger for Nitrate /Chloride o udizer kids & unborn babes, may remain airborne for days, poisonous to plants & animals http://,,vww.backeounty,vattitude.com/to-,,ic—fi-reworks.html 7/8/2014 v.I---- 1 C4�V J Vl V Lithium compounds I blazing reds I Toxic and irritating fumes when burned Mercury (Mercurous chloride) chlorine donor Toxic heavy metal. Can bioaccumulate. Nitric oxide fireworks byproduct 1.71 Toxic by inhalation. Is a free radical Nitrogen dioxide fireworks byproduct Hi ghly toxic by inhalation. SIDS risk L Ozone fireworks byproduct Eib Greenhouse gas that attacks & irritates lungs C 1 Perchlorate - Ammonium & propellant / oxidizer Can contaminate ground & surface waters, can Potassium cause thyroid problems in humans & animals Potassium Nitrate in black powder Toxic dusts, carcinogenic sulfur -coal compounds Strontium compounds blazing reds Can replace calcium in body. Strontium chloride is slightly toxic, gaseous byproduct of Acid rain from sulphuric acid affects water Sulfur Dioxide sulfur combustion sources, vegetation & causes property damage. SIDS risk j°;. Fireworks Research case study has shown that within 1 hour of fireworks displays levels of Strontium in the air increased 120 nes, Magnesium 22 times, Barium 12 times, Potassium 11 times, and Copper 6 times more than the amount -sent in the air before the event. Strontium was found to be the best tracer in this study because it measured ry high during the event and much lower at other time intervals which indicated that it was mostly a result of fireworks display. j'L± other study found that firework events brought air pollution spikes in suspended particles, Nitric oxide D), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), and created and dispersed an aerosol cloud hosting a range of metallic elements. researchers found that although the "recreational pollution" from fireworks is transient in nature, the lutants are highly concentrated and add significantly to the total yearly metal emissions and the particles are average small enough to be easily inhaled which poses a health risk to sensitive individuals. 110, -archers have found that fireworks can create a burst of ozone which is an extremely reactive greenhouse molecule that can attack and irritate the lungs. The ozone is believed to be caused by ultraviolet light ased by chemicals in fireworks... which in this study were sparklers. (` 3 week study in London recorded two major festivals celebrated with pyrotechnic events and found that they :re marked by increased gas phase pollutant levels of Nitric oxide (NOx) and Sulfur dioxide (SO2), elevated d mass concentrations, as well as trace metal concentrations, specifically Strontium (Sr), Magnesium (Mg), tassium (K), Barium (Ba), and Lead (Pb). These changes in air quality were then related to the oxidative tivity of daily PM samples by assessing their capacity to drive the oxidation of physiologically important ig antioxidants. Because of the elevated PM concentrations caused by firework activity and the increased idative activity of this PM source, the researchers believe more work needs to be done in examining if posure to firework derived PM is related to acute respiratory outcomes. 1111 other study from 2010 attempts to estimate the probable health impact of exposure to the pollution caused fireworks. Using risk data from epidemiological studies conducted in USA, they estimated that when )osed to air pollution from fireworks the relative risk of cardiovascular mortality would increase as high as i.l l% and the relative risk for cardiovascular morbidity was found to increase 175.16% over a regular iter day. The authors conclude that further studies on control measures for firework displays are needed to p reduce the probable health hazards to the general public. s 1 Fireworks Alternatives How about we protect our health and the health of our outdoor enviromaent by switching- to an environmentally friendly laser light show? How about a block pariy to celebrate? A stunt kite show at night with some LED's would be cool. Try watching the stars or organize an outdoor movie. http://w-w�T.backcountryattitude.com/toxic—fireworks.html 7/8/2014 Some people are organizing community drum circles and drumming instead of lighting fireworks. Indoor fireworks projectors are small devices that can be used indoors that produce convincing reproductions of firework displays as well as simulating the noise of real fireworks. Electronic fireworks display lamps produce colorful explosions of light all dight long without the pollution or noise of real fireworks. Electronic pyrotechnics don't use explosives either. Electronic blasts can form a canopy up to 25 feet in the air that rain down glitter, confetti, rose petals or even candy. Just imagine all the possible more meaningful and beneficial ways we could use all the money spent on fireworks that wouldn't pollute our environment. If you Must... If fireworks must go on then displays should use air -launch technology, which utilizes compressed air to launch the fireworks instead of gunpowder, in combination with fireworks with low -gunpowder formulations. There is talk of new shells that use "biodegradable plastic" but what remains to be seen is if they are 100% non-toxic and leave no nano -plastic residues after breakdown, plus we still need to know what conditions they require to biodegrade. Avoid Chinese made fireworks because of their pattern of using banned or more toxic chemicals without regard for the safety of the rest of the world. Low -smoke pyrotechnics produce practically none of the smoke or ash that traditional black powder fireworks do. Although they are being tagged as environmentally friendly or "green fireworks" the combustion byproducts still contain carbon dioxide which is a harmful greenhouse gas and also trace amounts of toxic metal salts. In addition ammonium perchlorate could still be used as an oxidant which still has the potential to contaminate water supplies. In a positive note less heavy metal salts are needed to produce the color effects. Unfortunately fireworks will never be eco -friendly but will be subject to greenwashing that distracts people- with good intentions from the overall negative environmental impacts. Fireworks - Cheap 'Thrills or Head for the MIS? ersonally I take the health risk from fire works very seriously. Around the 4th of July I try to always be hiking r camping and seeking shelter outdoors... as far away from the noise and toxins as possible. If for some reason emit be on the trail then I'll hole up indoors next to my air filter. I think we need to become more )cially responsible in regards to fireworks. The smoke from consumer fireworks take away peoples right to reathe clean air. This is ironic because the 4th of July is Independence Day, yet people who are sensitive to the fouds of smoke that cover metropolitan areas are held prisoner indoors as they flee the toxic firework fumes. le also need to be more eirviromnentally responsible as well. When you buy fireworks you are buying the hole pollution cycle... from the beginning to the end of the product. We should be concerned about how all ie pollutants related to fireworks can affect our environment and our health. Fireworks not only pollute the air http://wvv-,v.backeountr,vattit.ude.com/toxic—fLreworks.html 7/8/2014 1 Jt1l YYV111J - liliVCL�J 1111ll1J VV1(.11 1 V11.16J t.V1lJGllUG11l,.GJ rugr' .) Ul U ad water with heavy metals, etc. but they also cause noise pollution and physical litter. Does anyone enjoy icking up stray fireworks (bottle rockets, etc.) from their yard, garden, etc? When I hear about fireworks lfety it makes me laugh because the pollution from these colorful displays of toxic exploding materials doesn't :em safe to me. It really seems to me that the cheap thrills that fireworks provide are just an empty distraction ad really have nothing to do with the actual true recognition of a particular holiday. Besides the big 4th of July oliday in the US, in the UK on the fifth of November... Guy Fawkes Night (aka Bonfire Night) is frequented ,ith fireworks, and there is also the environmental disaster that is Diwali over in India. Take a Stand Against Fireworks Write, call, or meet your local or state officials and tell them your concerns regarding outdoor air pollution and noise pollution from fireworks. • The Clean Air Act permits state and local governments to enact laws relating to the prevention and control of outdoor air pollution. • Pollutants discharged by fireworks also need to be regulated in accordance with the Clean Water Act. Recently some environmental groups have caused the cancellation of some fireworks shows held over water, ager threatening organizers with a Clean Water Act lawsuit for lacking the appropriate permits. Boycott outdoor fireworks displays and encourage others to do the same. • Have your local police department enforce any laws pertaining to fireworks. • Educate others by sharing the pollution dangers of fireworks. 6 sHRCE , o__ S+1 s Fireworks are truly hazardous to the environment. References [,I "Fireworks." National Fire Protection Association April 2007 (_] American Fireworks Standards Laboratory Standards, September 2006, page I U Steinhauser, Georg. "Heavy metals from pyrotechnics in New Years Eve snow." Atmospheric Environment Volume 42, Issue 37, December 2005 U Steinhauser G and Musilek A. "Do pyrotechnics contain radium?" Environ Res. Lett. 4 034006 July - September 2009 U O. Fleischer. "Release of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans by setting off fireworks." hemosohere Volume 39, Issue 6, September 1999 [_] Russell], Nfichael S. The Chemistry of Firer,✓orks. 2000 U Attri, Arun K. "Nlicroclimate: Formation of Ozone by Fireworks." Nature Volume 411, June 25, 2001 [ ] Dales, Robert. "Air Pollution and Sudden Infant Death Syndrome." Pediatrics Vol. 113 No. 6 June 2004 [_] Vecchi, Roberta. "The Impact of Fireworks on Airborne Particles." to appear in Atmospheric Enviromnent http://w-,AmT.backcountryattitude.com/toxic—fireworks.html 7/8/2014 1arc vvly 1\4oreno, Teresa. "Recreational atmospheric pollution episodes: Inhalable metalliferous particles from rework displays." Atmospheric Environment Volume 41. Issue 5, February 2007 ] Godri h7, Green DC. "Particulate Oxidative Burden Associated with FirVIYOrk Activity." Environmental cience & Teelmoloa-v. October 1; 2010 =] B. Thakur. "Air pollution from fireworks during festival of lights (Deepa-,vali) in Hovvrah, India - a case turfy." Atmosfera Vol 23, NTo 4, 2010 � "Flexachlorobenzene (HCB) in Fire -works - Guidance Dote" The Environment Agency, September 2010 Like it? Sham & bookmark this page! Tweet X79 �R� .1;;,; raet ; 2005-2014 by Chris Conway- All Rights Reserved http://w«w.backeountryattittlde.com/toxic_firework-s.html 7/8/2014 Fireworks Pollutant Detection Pilot Study September 16, 2009 Prepared by Snohomish County Public Works Surface Water Management Division 3000 Rockefeller Ave Everett, Washington 98201 te rn /a Metals Of the metals identified in table 2, assuming a hardness of 100 mg/l, no result for Lake Shoecraft or Mongo Pond exceeded acute or chronic criteria. Toxicity for certain metals exhibits an inverse relationship with hardness. For example, a hardness of 100 mg/I results in an acute criteria for dissolved copper of 17.02 ug/I, while decreasing hardness to 50mg/I, results in an acute criteria for dissolved copper of 8.86 ug/I. If a hardness of 50 mg/I were assumed, all results would have remained below criteria. While several results for both Lake Shoecraft and Mongo Pond were found above detection limits, none exhibited trends which would indicate impacts due to discharge of fireworks. Wilkin et. al. (2007) found similar results where spikes in concentrations of strontium, barium, calcium, sodium, copper, antimony, aluminum and magnesium were not detectable. Reasons for non - detections of metals are not certain, but may be attributed to their lower mass abundance compared to perchlorate in fireworks. Perchlorate levels from all stations sampled prior to July 4, 2009, were non-detectable. However, sampling post July 4*" found that perchlorate levels increased by over 10 and 20 times at the Lake Shoecraft inlet and outlet respectively, and by 60 times at Mongo Pond. Perchlorate is an inorganic anion, consisting of four atoms of oxygen and one atom of chlorine. It is released into the environment when highly soluble perchlorate salts are dissolved in water. Perchlorate is not easily degraded and does not bind well to other mineral surfaces (Trumpolt et. al. 2005). Due to these factors, perchlorate can persist for decades and move freely within bodies of water. Perchlorate is believed to have first been identified in Chilean nitrates over 100 years ago (Jackson 2005). Similarly, it was indicated by (Longmire 2005) to exist naturally at levels ranging from 0.2 — 0.4 ug/I in groundwaters of northern New Mexico. The naturally occurring presence of perchlorate is thought to be associated with and environments where evapotransporation exceeds precipitation and concentrated in soils or sediment under climactic and geologic conditions similar to natural nitrate (Orris 2005). Most of the perchlorate contamination in the United States is attributed to the use of ammonium perchlorate as an oxidizer and primary ingredient in solid rocket fuel (Trumpolt 2005). Defense and aerospace industries purchase more than 90 percent of all perchlorate manufactured, or roughly 20 million pounds per year (EPA 2005). A smaller percentage is used in the manufacturing and use of mining explosives, Chilean fertilizer, fireworks, safety flares, vehicle air bag inflators and chemical reagents for lab studies. Like solid rocket fuel, ammonium perchlorate is the primary oxidizing agent used in manufacturing of fireworks. Detonation of fireworks is expected to lead to the quantitative conversion of perchlorate to chloride following the decomposition reaction (Wilkin et. al. 2007). Current methods to differentiate anthropogenic and naturally occurring perchlorate sources include stable isotope analysis, surrogate analysis, geologic evaluation, and aerial photography. Although these forensic techniques have not been employed, an observed source of perchlorate around Lake Shoecraft and Mongo Pond has been waste from spent fireworks. Debris was documented in stormwater drainage systems discharging to Mongo Pond and residents of Lake Shoecraft engage in fireworks displays. Further, the EPA's 2004 list of known perchlorate releases in the United States does not include locations in Snohomish County. Snohomish County Fireworks Pollutant Detection Pilot Study Page 15 .uyinub "u-LbLiue, ul nu. L, VUUUa1Cj1LW r CrU1auvu vi rucwviab I i cgai riauct, if i !1; r` :: .flcl``s!?:i/II`Q 1!i; =1`: ci i moi;`and :�i!C\' Culture & Ethics I Pollution & Health ( Regulation I Water MEGAN HERZOG July 3, 2013 DoloftiftibsBouars-ting in Air: Environinftlent-al Regulation of Fireworks ra6c 1 Vl V It seems only fitting as we approach the Fourth of July holiday to Is your local turn our attention to the environmental impacts and regulation of fireworks display fireworks. As it turns out, our age-old patriotic tradition of environmetally friendly? exploding packages of toxic chemicals in the air is not without its environmental drawbacks. Although much is still unl rzojnrn about the environmental consequences of fireworks displays, it is clear that fireworks can adversely impact water quality, air quality, biological resources, and possibly even human health through debris, noise, and toxic contaminant pollution. Fortunately, there are many ways regulators and citizens can mitigate the adverse impacts of fireworks. In order to understand the environmental impacts of aerial fireworks displays you first have to appreciate the basic mechanics. The heart of a colorful firework is the "color shell," which contains a bunch of chemical pellets arranged to emit a particular color and design. Commonly used chemicals include: potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium nitrate, sodiumbenzoate, sodium oxalate, ammonium perchlorate, strontium nitrate, strontium carbonate, sulfur, charcoal, copper oxide, polyvinyl chloride, iron, titanium, shellac, dextrine, phenolic resin, and aluminum. The pellets are packed in a paper or plastic casing, Firework Shell and stuffed inside the shell along with a "burst charge," usually made of black powder. The shell is then packed in a metal or plastic tube called a "mortar." Upon lighting the black powder charge, the shell is launched from the mortar up to 200-1000 feet in the air, where it explodes. In addition to color shells, a fireworks display may include "salute shells," which produce the loud percussive noise we associate //14/2014 LUt11VJ Ll4L Jl.1L1� 1Ll ful. Lll V11 V11111V111.0.11\V�1110. L1Vll Vl 1'111.W V111J I LV ,0.1 I lamit 1 a,'G L. Vl V v,dth fireworks shows. Salute shells are packed and launched similarly to color shells, and also explode at high altitude. The short-term environmental impacts of fireworks include debris, smoke, noise, and light. Most of the components of a firej1aork device will burn up in the atmosphere, but some portions of the casing and residue t�rpically are carried by the winds and fall back to earth. Debris also can result from duds or misfires. Debris from fireworks launched off an ocean, river, or lake coast can impact water quality or litter sensitive habitat areas if not properly cleaned up following the show. Firework smoke can produce dangerous fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) pollution that significantly impacts air quality. The metals and chemicals in fireworks make firework smoke more toxic than other kinds of smoke. Fireivork smoke can contribute to lung inflammation, heart attacks, stroke, asthma attacks, and reduced lung function. Spikes in paz-ticulate matter have been documented during and immediately folio«ring fireworks shows. Such spikes can cause localities to exceed state or federal air quality standards for PIA 2.5. In some cases, particulate concentrations after a fireworks display nearly, double the federal maximum. Research shows that in urban areas, firework pollution clouds can drift over cities, resulting in elevated levels of PM 2.5 for multiple days follov^ring a fireNvorl s display. Fireworks displays in urban areas maybe particularly harmful because the urban atmosphere is already polluted. In May 2015, EPA issued -Interim guidance to help air quality agencies manage "exceptional air quality events" such as large fireivorks displays in order to maintain National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) under the Clean Air Act. The noise and light pollution accompanying fireworks shows can negatively impact wildlife, as illustrated by the 2006-2o10 controversy over the fireworks display in the Town of Gualala in Mendocino County, CA. On Independence Day weekend 20o6, following a fifteen -minute fireworks display near the Gualala River estuary and Gualala Point Island, which is part of the California Coastal National Monument, the CA Coastal Commission received complaints that the explosions had disturbed nesting shorebirds and harbor seal haul -out sites. This prompted the U.S. Bureau of Land Management and Fish & Wildlife Service to study the 2007 Gualala fireworks. The federal agencies published a report documenting a high rate of Cormorant nest abandonments during the period http://legal-planet. org/2013 /07/03/bombs-bursting-in-air-environmental-regulation-of-fire... 7/14/2014 nuluub DU1bLMg ui tlU. ZHVHO11_WCH ai YWPLL1dL1O11 Ui rurewOrxs I Legal rianeL rage s of o surrounding the display, citing that the abandonments "likely resulted from firev,,orks disturbance." nu1�%eggs or juvenile chicks left in the abandoned nests v\,ere consumed or killed by predators. in addition, the CA Department of Fish and Game noted that Brown Pelicans, an endangered species, use [Gualala Point Island] as a roost ie J at night. Allarbled Murrelets, another endangered species, are also observed in the ocean near Gualala at dawn and dusk every year at this time. Both of these endangered species, and the nesting birds, could potentially be impacted by the fireworks display.... (Ultimately, upon learning that Gualala was planning a 2oo8 fireworks display without seeldng a permit, the Commission proposed a cease-and-desist order. Gualala sued to prohibit the Commission from issuing the order. The trial court ruled for the Commission, finding that fireworks constitute "development" subject to the permitting requirements of the CA Coastal Act. The Court of Appeal affirmed in Gualala Festivals Comm. v. Cal. Coastal Comm'n, 183 Cal. App. 4tb 6o (20io), and the CA Supreme Court subsequently declined revieNv. ) Fireworks also have the potential to cause fires. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), in 2011, fireworks were the cause of an estimated 17,800 fires resulting in 8 deaths, 40 injuries, and $32 million in property damage. The NFPA further reports that more US fires are reported on Independence Day than any other day of the year, accounting for 2/5 of all fires on that day. In dry areas, fire`vork-related fires have the potential to develop into wildfires. As a result, in 2012, Colorado Governor Hickenlooper issued an executive order banning private firev,-orls displays, and more than 40 Colorado cities canceled Fourth of July fireworks displays. Additionally, there may be long-term water quality and human health impacts associated with the toxic components like lead, barium, ammonium perchlorate, and sulfur dioxide in the firework shell, although the long-term effects of these chemicals is not well understood. Fireworks are often launched near waterbodies like lakes or along ocean coasts, allowing combustion residue to fall into surface waters. Chemical pollutants in the residue can adversely impact water and sediment quality. Water quality monitoring reports following fireworks displays have documented elevated levels of water pollutants such as arsenic, copper, and phosphorous. Consequently, in 2007, a California Regional Water Quality Control Board issued San Diego's Sea World the nation's first National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit regulating the discharge of fireworks under the Clean Water Act. SeaWorld launches fireworks every night during the http : //legal -planet. org/2013 /07/03 /bombs -bursting -in -air -environmental -regulation -of -fire... 7/14/2014 11,V111UJ "LLL3tli1r, itt !"ill. Li11VllV.I.11.l.lGllLC11 iwrwauun Vl I I-cral FlaUCL rage `t ui u summer months. The NPDES permit limits Sea World to a maximum of 150 fire,\ orks shows per year, and specifies mitigation and. monitoring requirements to deal v'rith dangerous chemical residue that may fall into Mission Bay. Specifically, permit mandates three monitoring periods per year during Sea VvTorld's largest displays, at vvThich time Sea `/�Torld must monitor Nater quality, sediment qualit)7, and bottom -dwelling organisms for 41 pollutants. The firework -related pollutant perchlorate (NH4C104) is of particular concern to Eastern lake states. Perchlorate is both naturally occurring and man-made. In fireinvrl s, perchlorate acts as a propellant. Scientists do not fully understand the health and environmental impacts associated with perchlorate water pollution, but perchlorate has been demonstrated to interfere vftLhh ti -tyroid funcuon in humans, affecting metabolism and growth. It is clear that fireworks displays can result in perchlorate accumulation in surface and ground waters, resulting in perchlorate concentration spikes of 24 to lo28 times the mean baseline z7alue foIIOAATing a fireworks display. These perchlorate spikes potentially can be a problem for drinking water sources. In 2oo6, the Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection determined historic fireNvorl s displays \vere the likely cause of perchlorate contamination in two of its nine water supply systems showing high perchlorate levels. Currently, only California and Massachusetts have state perchlorate standards. EPA currently is v,-orking to develop Safe Drinking �/\Tater Act standards for perchlorate in primary drinking Nvater supplies. They are expected to be released sometime this year. Although phosphorus typically is only included in modern- Eutrophicatlon day fireworks in trace amounts, phosphorus residue can accelerate eutrophication of lakes. In states like New =� Hampshire, where lakes are already nitrogen -loaded from sources like fertilizers, even small amounts of additional phosphorus can be a cause for concern. Eutrophication is linked to algal and cyanobacteria blooms that can negatively impact drinking water quality, fisheries, wildlife, and human health. There are many ways regulators can mitigate the adverse impacts of fireworks. The first, most important step is to require permits or registration of all public and private firework displays so that enNdronmental regulators can keep track of the number of shows, v,,here they occur, and what types of fireworks are used. Where firework permits are required, regulators can use permit conditions to mitigate potential adverse impacts to the en-rironment and human health. Regulators should http://legal-planet. org/2013 /07/03 /bombs -bursting -in -air -environmental -regulation -of -fire... 7/14/2014 1�Vll1VJ 1.:)LUJL1Ur, ill 1710. 1'diVUV1 III lrMa1 ltGb'LUdL1V11 Vl r11GWV1" ILGb'2L1 f-MUGL ra8u J U V require that displays be located away froze environmentally sensitive areas like marine sanctuaries, habitats for endangered species, migratory bird pathways, and nesting areas. Similarly, localities or entities sponsoring large public displays should be required to implement measures to ensure public viewers keep aw-ay from emdronmentally sensitive areas. Fireworks also should be timed to avoid common spawning, nesting; and. roosting seasons. Proper monitoring procedures before and after the display are key to alerting officials of any environmental threats. Permits can provide for third -party monitoring (e.g., by the Audubon Society or state agency officials). The monitoring report should identify a baseline for wildlife abundance and behavior in the event vicinity several hours prior to the fireworks display and identify any adverse impacts to wildlife during and for several hours after the display. Follow-up monitoring should occur at regular intervals for several weeks following the event. Based on the monitoring, officials can recommend modifications to the event for future years to mitigate any negative impacts to wildlife. A fireworks permit also should require clean-up and restoration following the display to remove any fallen debris. Debris can be further controlled by subjecting fireworks displays to limitations on the total number of aerial shells detonated, requirements that all plastic labels and wrappings be removed from devices prior to launch, and prohibitions on devices that include more than a specified percentage of non -biodegradable components. To better protect water quality, regulators should prohibit private firework explosions on sidewalks or roadways, where contaminants and debris can end up in storm. drains. In addition, for large fireworks displays, regulators should require sponsors to contain runoff in cases where water is used to control misfires or duds. To address the air quality impacts of fireworks, officials can monitor air pollutant concentrations before and after fireworks displays and warn the public of any dangerous conditions. To reduce smoke and perchlorate pollution, regulators can require that all fireworks be perchlorate -free. For instance, in 2004, Disney Corporation began using compressed air to launch all fireworks. at Disneyland, resulting in a reduction in particulate air pollution and perchlorate water concentrations. Researchers also have working to develop alternative propellants that use nitrogen -based materials instead of perchlorates. And of course, in place of fireworks, Fourth of July revelers can opt for laser light shows or other alternative displays of patriotism. http://legal-planet. org/2013/07/03 /bombs -bursting -in -air -environmental -regulation -of -fire... 7/14/2014 ljvuivo Lw"Luig ul 1-1-a. L;uvuvuuicut,ai ivcrulativu I.Crai r laud rarc v vi v Happy Fourth of Juhrl http://legal-planet. org/2013 /07/O3/bombs-bursting-in-air-environmental-regulation-of-fire... 7/14/2014 Perchlorate links: (EPA _ Clean water Act staff) Basically similar stuff but from a CA take and regulations on it. P A WA. point of view focusing on this chemical even enters well water systems, not just waterways or irrigation ditches. .... . . ........... . ... Private Wells Well water quality is just as important as quantity, but easier to overlook. There is rarely a clear signal when microorganisms, nitrates, pesticides or VOG's (volatile organic compounds) contaminate well water. Yet these contaminates do make their way into private wells. Homeowners who choose the "blinders" approach, assuming that their well water is OK, are taking a gamble with their health. The potential risks are kidney and nervous system damage, intestinal illness, cancer and birth defects. According to a US Geological Survey, many wells in Clark County and Vancouver were tested and found to contain contaminates. (Thyroid damage is often associated with elevated perchlorate contamination.) 1 —. V111V1— I V 1111 &N.1C1� I V U LL , l Water: Unregulated You are here: Water,. Drinkino Water ;, Drinkino Water Contaminants „ Unregulated, Perchlorate Perchlorate r ago i ui -3 htip 1iwaler. epa.gov/dnnldcomaminanisfunregulated/perchlorale.cfm Perchlorate is both a naturally occurring and man-made chemical that is used to produce rocket fuel, fireworks, flares ----------------------------- and explosives. Perchlorate can also be present in bleach and in some ferfilizers. Perchlorate may have adverse health nuleiene.cov effects because scienfific research indicates that this contaminant can disrupt the thyroid's ability to produce hormones For access to supporting documents on final needed for normal growth and development. determination development, see the following: • Docked? EPN -HO -OW -2009-0297 EPA is developing a proposed national primary drinking water regulation for perchlorate. EPA is committed to using the Docket EPA -HQ -OW -2008 0692 best available peer reviewed science and data to develop the perchlorate drinking water regulation. EPA is evaluating the available science on perchlorate health effects and exposure. EPA is also evaluating laboratory methods for measuring and treatment technologies for removing perchlorate in drinking water. The Agency is also evaluating costs and benefits of potential regulatory options for perchlorate. We anticipate publication of the proposed rule for public review and comment in 2013. Consultations and Outreach Notice of a Public Mleeting: Stakeholder k4eetino Concemino EPA's Intent To Regulate Perchlorate Levels in Drinkino Water - September 20. 2012 Notification of a Public Meeting and Public Teleconference of the Science Advisory Board: Perchlorate Advisory Panel - July 18-19 2012 and September 25. 2012 Notice of a Public lvleetino: Environmental Justice Considerations for Drinking Water Regulatory Efforts - March 3 2011 Sinai Regulatory Determination for Perchlorate in Drinking Water EPA has decided to regulate perchlorate under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). The science that has lead to this decision has been peer reviewed by independent scientists and public health experts including the National Academy of Sciences. This decision reverses a 2008 preliminary determination, and considers input from almost 39,000 public commenters on multiple public notices (May 2007, October 2008, and August 2009) related to perchlorate. This action notifies interested parties of EPA's decision to regulate perchlorate, but does not in itself impose any requirements on public water systems (PWSs). However, this action initiates a process to develop and establish a national primary drinking water regulation (NPDWR). Once the NPDWR is finalized, certain PWSs will be required to take action to comply with the regulation in accordance with the schedule specified in the regulation. Federal Register Notice: Drinkino (Nater: Regulatory Determination on Perchlorate Fact Sheet: Final Reoulatory Determination for Perchlorate (PDF) t2 Pp. 3Bfi.Aboot PDF) Press Release: EPA To Develop Regulation for Perchlorate and Toxic Chemicals in Drinkino Water For more information about Perchlorate, see the Questions and Answers Tab Key regulatory milestones for the final Perchlorate Regulatory Determination Supplemental Request for Comment on Preliminary Regulatory Determination On August 19, 2009, EPA published the Perchlorate Supplemental Request for Comments requesting comment on additional approaches to analyzing data related to EPA's perchlorate regulatory determination on October 10, 2008. These additional comments were sought in an effort to ensure consideration of all potential options for evaluating whether there is a meaningful opportunity for human health risk reduction of perchlorate through a NPDWR. EPA stated that the alternative analyses presented in this notice could lead the Agency to make a determination to regulate perchlorate. EPA received over 6,000 comments on the August 2009 notice. The Comment period closed on October 8, 2009. Federal Register Notice: Drinkino Water: Perchlorate Supplemental Request for Comments I Print Version (PDF) pi pp. 252x. About PDF) EPA -HQ -OW -2009-0297, August 20D9 Fact Sheet: Perchlorate Supplemental Request for Comments (PDF) n- pp. ssrc. AbW PDF) EPA 815-F-09-OD4, August 19, 2009 Press Release: EPA Seeks Comment on Preliminary Perchlorate Drinkino Water Decision - Aoencv Plans to Issue a Perchlorate Health Advisory August 2009 Preliminary Regulatory Determination for Perchlorate On October 10, 2008, EPA published a preliminary regulatory determination for perchlorate. This notice requested public comment on its determination that perchlorate did not occur with a frequency and at levels of public health concern and that development of a regulation did not present a meaningful opportunity for health risk reduction for persons served by public water systems. The October 2008 notice also describes in detail EPA's basis for its preliminary determination not to develop an NPDWR for perchlorate. The http://water.epa.gav/drink/contaminants/unregulated/perchl©rate.cfrn 7/14/2014 i v,uiuvicc« I I vu it n rapcZ_vi) Agency received nearly 33,000 comment letters on the October 2008 notice. To ensure transparency and opportunity for public input on its decision making, the Agency developed and published e supplemental notic on August 19, 2009. Federal Register Notice: Drinking Water: Prefiminaro Repulaloy Dalem ination on Perchlorate- j Print Version EPA -HO -OW -2006-0692, October 2008 Fac: Sheet: Preliminary Reoulaton• Determination for Perchlorate (PDF)(2 pp, _,'s!c, About PDP) EPA 815-F-08-009, October 2008 Press Release: EPA Seeks Comment on Preliminary Perchlorate Drinkino VVater Decision - Aoencv Plans to Issue a Perchlorate Health Advisory October `s, 2008 EPA has established a reference dose for perchlorale, which is consistent with the reference dose recommended by the National Research Council's 2005 report. • Risk information about Perchlorate and perchlorate salts Interim Health /advisory In January 2009, EPA issued an Interim Health Advisory for perchlorate to assist state and local officials in addressing local contamination of perchlorate in drinking water while the Agency conducted its evaluation of the opportunity to reduce risks through a national primary drinking water standard. Press Release: EPA Seeks Advice on Perchlorate in Drinidno Water - Aoencv Issues Interim Health Advisory January 8, 2009 Interim Drinking Water Health Advisonrfor Perchlorate (PDF) %s rr. <en:_x mFOFi EPA 822-R-08-25, December 2008 Supporting Documents: Comment -Response Summan• Document for Peer Review of Drinkino Water Health Advisory for Perchlorate (PDF) l pp, 47*, Abut Port Perchlorate Questions and Answers How freguentiv is perchlorate found in drinking water? How will a public water system know if it has perchlorate in its water? How will 1 know if I have perchtorate in my drinking water? How can perchlorate be removed if it nets in my drinkino water? How does this decision impact clean up of perchlorate at Superfund sites? Should 1 be concerned about perchlorate in food? Additional information about perchlorate can also be found on the EPA Federal Facilities page EPA Federal Facilities and Perchlorate How frequently is perchlorate found in drinking water? Perchlorate has been found in just over 4 % of public water systems nationally. Perchlorate was sampled in drinking water supplies as part of the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation 1 (UCMR 1) program. EPA collected data on perchlorate from 3,865 public water supplies between 2001 and 2005. This included alf large public water systems (serving more than 10,000 people), and a statistical sample of 800 small water systems, which together serve more than 80% of the population. One hundred and sixty (4.1 %) systems reported a detection of perchlorate (in at least 1 entry/sampling point) at levels greater than or equal to 4 pg/L (the minimum reporting level of the test). These 160 systems are located in 26 slates and 2 territories and approximately 1.9% (or 637) of the 34,331 samples collected (by these 3,865 public water supplies) had positive detections of perchlorate at levels greater than or equal to 4 pg/L. The average concentration of perchforate for those samples with positive detections for perchlorate was 9.85 pg/L and the median concentration was 6.40 pg/L. Results from UCMR 1 monitoring are available at the site listed below. • Unregulated Contaminant Monitorino Data How will a public water system know if it has perchlorate in its water? Systems that were required to monitor for perchlorate as part of UCMR1 will know if they detected perchlorate and may have taken action to reduce their levels. Some public water systems have on-going monitoring programs for perchlorate in drinking water. if water systems have not monitored for perchlorate, they can review their source water assessment to determine if there are any potential sources of perchlorate contamination within their source water protection area. If an activity is taking place that could result in perchlorate contamination, they may want to test their water for the presence of perchlorate. How will I know if I have perchlorate in my drinking water? EPA analyzed samples from 3,865 public water systems collected between 2001 and 2005 as part of the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation 1 (UCMR1). EPA found that 160 Public Water Systems, located in 26 States and 2 territories, had at least 1 analytical detection of perchlorate over the minimum reporting level of 4 pg/L. The Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Regulation is used to collect data for contaminants suspected to be present in drinking water, but do not have health -based standards set under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Consumers interested in determining if their water system was sampled and/or had a perchlorate detection can search the "UCMR1 List 1 and List 2 chemical monitoring data PivotTableV'° located at this website. This dataset can be used to retrieve monitoring results pertaining to an area by selecting the state and contaminant of interest. *We suggest that users unfamiliar with Pivo!TablesO begin by reviewing the instructions provided on the website before accessing the data. http://water.epa.gov/drink/contam nants/unregulated/perchlorate.cfm 7/14/2014 You may also call your drinking water utility or state drinking water program to learn the results of past monitoring or to find out if monitoring is required in your state. Some states have issued drinking water standards for perchlorate. If there is no requiremeni for monitoring in your state, you can have your water analyzed by a laborato y that is certified for the analysis of perchlorate or similar compounds. An EPA Web site provides a list of stale certification officers or links to certified laboratories in your state. The contacts provided may be able to assist you in finding an appropriate laboratory. You can also call your local public health, office to determine if they are aware of any problems with perchlorate in your area. Local Drinkino Water information Information about State Certified Drinkino Water Laboratories How can perchlorate be removed if it gets in my drinking water? There are home treatment units that are certified to remove perchlorate from drinking water. NSF International `" r _` and the Water Gualita Association > r c _Io n -r provide lists of treatment devices they have certified. How does this decision impact clean up of perchlorate at Superfund sites? This does not impact the Agency's recommendation that Regions consider using the Interim Health Advisory level of 15 pg/L as a preliminary remediaiion goal (PRG); consistent with the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Contingency Plan. The Agency often considers health advisories as "to be considered' values for a PRG and eventually site specific cleanup levels. Also, where state regulations establish applicable or relevant and appropriate requirements (ARARs) for perchlorate, these standards should be used as the cleanup level at Superfund sites, unless the ARAR is waived at the site. EPA Federal Facilites Guidance on Perchlorate Should I be concerned about perchlorate in food? The Food and Drug Administration stresses that consumers should maintain a healthy diet consistent with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which emphasizes eating a variety of foods across all food groups each day. EPA's exposure evaluations, which establish health based levels for perchlorate, account for the amount of perchlorate one may consume in in their diet. Additional Information on Perchlorate from the Food and Dmo Administration Additional information on Perchlorate and infant formula from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Last updated on Wednesday. S=eptember 3e, 30112 http://water.epa.gov/drink-/contam nants/unregulated/perchlorate.ef n 7/14/2014 Nm Ak _'13:'Z 1/e'elcome! Net,'s Submit SLories Deparmeni= Each Fire District II In action over Fourth of July T17eekend Safureay - Jdy E, 2014 1 1,:M pm Two Seriously Injured by Fireworks Separate Incidents with two transported to hospital NEWS RELEASE Port Angeles, WA – Two men were seriously injured in separate incidents on July fourth according to Clallam County Fire District 2 officials. The first call was received by firefighter/paramedics at 10:30 pm at 676 Hunt Road west of Port Angeles, for a 47 year old male apparently struck in the face by a projectile from a fireworks mortar. Initial information relayed to District Paramedics was that the male was struck directly in the mouth and had lost some of his teeth. Information gathered at the scene by firefighters, indicate that the man had walked away from a group of revelers and when the group ignited the fireworks, the projectile strayed course striking the male in the face. Nearby citizens provided first aid to the man holding direct pressure on his wounds until Fire Medics arrived. Firefighter/Paramedics from Clallam 2 Fire Rescue transported the patient to Olympic Medical Center Emergency Department. In the second incident, Firefighter/Paramedics responded at 12:04 am to 529 North Gales Street east of Port Angeles, for a male in his mid -20's who was struck in the face with a fireworks mortar at close range. The patient was reported as conscious and breathing although the projectile had struck his left eye which was bleeding profusely. Information was reportedly difficult for 911 dispatchers to gather due to panic on the scene. Fire Medics arrived at 12:09 am followed closely by law enforcement officers who arrived on the scene at 12:10 am. The patient was transported to Olympic Medical Center Emergency Department. No further details were available to the Fire District concerning either patient this morning. Clallam County Fire District 2 provides fire suppression and emergency medical service to 9,500 people over 85 square miles outside the city of Port Angeles serving the communities of Deer Park, Gales Addition, Black Diamond, Dry Creek, and Lake Sutherland. Forty volunteer and four full-time firefighter/EIVTs respond to an average of 1,000 emergency calls per year. Clallam County Fire District 2 is debt free, operates under a balanced budget, and has the lowest tax rate of any full service fire district in the county. Fireworks Fires & Medical calls Keep District 2 Busy Port Angeles, WA – As of July 4th at 6:30 am Fire District 2 Firefighters had already had a taste of what the weekend Independence Day celebrations would be like; busy. On July 3rd at 9:54 pm the first call came in – A grass fire in a field of hay ignited by fireworks at 2872 Dan Kelly. Fire District 2 responded with on duty crews and volunteers from home staffing a Command Unit, a Brush Engine, and a Water Tender (Tanker). While units responded the property owner whose fireworks started the blaze stretched a garden hose as far as he could helping to slow the spread but it was not enough. Clallam County Sheriff Deputy Shaun Minks arrived minutes later and was able to extinguish the head of the fire with a portable extinguisher. These actions helped firefighters who responded to mop up and take the fire report information. At 10:21 pm Firefighters were summoned to 331 Maple Grove near Lake Sutherland for a medical aid request. At 11:56 pm firefighters responded to another medical aid request paged out by PenCom at 502 Strait View Drive on the East end of the Fire District. Then at 5:52 am Medics were dispatched to 2202 East 7th Avenue for a third medical aid call. This was followed at 6:26 am by a report of a brush fire in the area of 500 Fischer Cove Road on the West end of Lake Sutherland. Firefighters arrived to find an active fire in logging slash with three foot flame lengths burning on a knob that had been logged a few years ago. The fire was putting up quite a smoke column for early in the morning and PenCom received several reports of the fire from travelers along State Highway 101 said Chief Sam Phillips of Fire District 2, Nine Fire District 2 firefighters responded with two brush engines, two water tenders, a Medic Unit and 2 command vehicles. District two was assisted by Joyce Fire District which sent two firefighters and a water tender along with two engines from Olympic National Park and two engines from Washington Department of Natural Resources. Firefighters initially face high heat from the burning slash until a water supply was established and hose lines were extended several hundred feet up the hill to the fire. In addition, large rolling rocks weighing approximately 500 lbs rolled down the hill endangering firefighters as logs burned away that had been holding the rocks in place. Firefighters contained the fire at approximately 9:15 am and had the fire under control at approximately noon. DNR took over command of the fire about 12:15 pm and continued to cool hot spots and mop up smokes. Cause of the fire was illegal use of fireworks the evening before. "We had several reports from local residents that fireworks were being set off at 2:00 am in this arca" said Chief Phillips. These types of irresponsible behaviors are expensive to the citizens and the Fire District will bill persons for the full cost of fire suppression if they are found to be using illegal fireworks" Phillips added. Clallam County Fire District 2 provides fire suppression and emergency medical service to 9,500 people over 85 square miles outside the city of Port Angeles serving the communities of Deer Park, Gales Addition, Black Diamond, Dry Creek, and Lake Sutherland. Forty volunteer and four full-time firefighter/EMTs respond to an average of 1,000 emergency calls per year. Clallam http://www.portocallpubHshing.com/neNvs.php?id=215&cat id=&p=&search= wb_ . — Espresso, Smoothies & Gourmet Milkshakes CONNECT WITH US! 7/6/2014 County Fire District 2 is debt free, operates under a balanced budget, and has the lowest tax rate of any full service fire district in the county. tr 7 :-.' Fire District 2 photo=_ by Jay Cline Photo 0511 District 2 firefighters Rick Leffler (left) and Nate Thompson (rigid) wDrk on brush fire near Lake Sutherland. Photo 0555 District 2 firefighter Rich Leffier extinguishes 2 brush fire caused by illegal use of fire.vorl s near Lake Sutherland July 4th. Comments: Dlan< son erviiie _ - .,. 1'7 #1 One injury flown to Harborview, another required medical assistance, plus more than $10,000 to put out a fire near Lake Sutherland. How many terrorized animals, runaway pets and traumatized PTSD Veterans have not been officially reported? Enough craziness. Time to ban do-it-yourself fireworks and leave it to the pros, as Clallam County Fire Chief Sam Phillips recommends. Leave a Comment Name " Email (will not be published) R"i—d fields Submit Comment What you Think and What You Have to Say Matters! There is a need for your voice in our community. You may comment online (at the bottom of any article) and may submit your suooestions, articles or news. Become a part of the Port O' Call team in 20141 Are you an authority in your Field? we are seeking editors for our online dcaartmmn�— Contact.- Dale for more information. Advertise Your Busine_s Here WANT TO GETYOUR MESSAGE IN FRONT OF PORT . ELES RESIDENTS ... AFFORDABLY? ., then you want to adireft,isei the Port ' Call Ne""l CLICK HERE! http://www.portocallpublishing.comJnews.php?id=215&cat id=&p=&search= 7/6/2014 Enter verification code e the text Pry'=ci' �' Terns R"i—d fields Submit Comment What you Think and What You Have to Say Matters! There is a need for your voice in our community. You may comment online (at the bottom of any article) and may submit your suooestions, articles or news. Become a part of the Port O' Call team in 20141 Are you an authority in your Field? we are seeking editors for our online dcaartmmn�— Contact.- Dale for more information. Advertise Your Busine_s Here WANT TO GETYOUR MESSAGE IN FRONT OF PORT . ELES RESIDENTS ... AFFORDABLY? ., then you want to adireft,isei the Port ' Call Ne""l CLICK HERE! http://www.portocallpublishing.comJnews.php?id=215&cat id=&p=&search= 7/6/2014 r1i1U\1VUin11_� �511UUt ZULU pfaypcu, UU111 vzuu rlllallL - rage 1 01 0 F 2i e �ni� y-inL.re' VcLr Hnmepa2e! i Ge_ the CsniuryLhlc Toc'mr h^;a'3_v_ms nc ? Loi In (o- _VYcn eBay Amazon �.._.�. 60 uy cic Top searches UFO Sightings Jessica Simpson Bread Recipes i�evfs Watch TV Games Sports Entertainment More klv A, x'et� i f 1 News Home I US I World I Political I Entertainment I Sports I Technology I Business I Health I Lifestyle I Strange I Photos I Spanish Fireworks shoot into playpen, burry Ohio infant The Associated Press ars !rrnutes age V��a!k-IIS Tubs For f DIsc vi \ d r-, sGfesteptub.com/Free-Estimates Specially Designed Tubs To Minimize Risk. Learn How You Can Save $1,500 YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio (AP) — A 4 -month-old in a playpen was hospitalized with critical injuries after a neighbor's fireworks landed on her on her Ohio porch. A witness told police a i 0 -year-old neighbor of the Youngstown baby kicked over a lit tubular firework, which shot into the playpen, burning Aubree McCormick. The baby was flown to the burn unit at Akron Children's Hospital following the late Friday night accident. A spokeswoman at Akron Children's Hospital confirmed the hospital was treating the baby Monday, but said her condition wasn't immediately available. The child's grandmother, Carol McCormick, injured her fingers rescuing the baby. She told WFK4J-TV in Youngstown the child's entire face is burned. "All I could do was just react," McCormick said. "I didn't think. I reacted. I grabbed hold of the firework and then the bed caught on fire that she was laying in." The child sustained first-, second- and third-degree burns on her face and hand, McCormick said. Police are investigating. 2014 The Associated Press Email Llke 0 Tweet 3 Adcho:cet Recommended News Defense attorney: Suitcase deaths were, accidents Shark bites man near Southern California beach Indy police: Bump may have set off shooting of 7 Police: Man shot toddler to torture her dad France; Mom kilts kindergarten teacher in class Dl,-!-- cliAI-- More Slideshows Top 25 Headlines t AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS 1 Gary police officer found shot dead in patrol car ENTERTAINMENT 2 Ashton Kutcher performs dance at wedding AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS 3 Police: Man shot toddler to torture her dad AP ONLINE - ENTERTAINMENT 4 Ford injury to hatt'Star Wars' for 2 weeks AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS 5 Police: Dad sent nude photos while boy sat in car http://centurylink.net/ne«vs/read/article/the_associated_press-iirev.,orks_shoot into_playpen... 7/7/2014 t.. U.111V1u1U 1uU11 V1V Y1'J Vli i1L4t111J Y\'1411111 V\'Y V111J _ U�il l -44L �'L11111 1 Gl�l+ 1 Vl J IYeI. - cen;LnMinl n .' 1,cue Hoag Oao_. 1 C_- the CemuiyLinl; New: Lowuc- Eased Adv 1i_.inc i Loc In f century n.: cam Vseb eBay P,ma on _ �..+0 Top searches: Free eCards American Flags Vehicle Reviews i".lev"s Watch 1 V Games Sports Entertainment More News Home I US I world I Political I Entertainment I Sports I Technoiogy I Business I Health I Lifestyle I Strange I Photos Spanish California min bows off hands with fireworks The Associated Press 4 hours acc SAN JOSE, Calif. (AP) — A Northern California man igniting illegal fireworks blew off both of his hands when a device exploded prematurely, police said. Officer Albert Morales of the San Jose Police Department said the man in his 40s is expected to live. The explosive went off in the man's hands as family members stood nearby late on the Fourth of July holiday. "It would have had to have been something pretty powerful," Morales told the San Jose Mercury News (http://bit.ly/1 vOfnsx ). The newspaper also reported that two other men were seriously injured in Sunnyvale while lighting a mortar -like explosive on Friday. The Sunnyvale Department of Public Safety said that at 10 p.m. the men — ages 41 and 32 — were hurt at an apartment complex when the illegal firework ignited prematurely. Witnesses in a group of about 20 people said the men had been trying to ignite the firework when it went off in their hands, officials reported. One man lost fingers on his left hand and finger tips on the right hand, while officials said the other man lost part of his right hand. In Southern California, a man lost his thumb Friday after the firecracker he was holding exploded in his hand, Long Beach police said Sunday. Information from: San Jose (Calif.) Mercury News, http://�arww.mercurynews.com 2014 The Associated Press Email LIke ! 6 i Tweet 4 Adch=lz !;: Recommended News Defense attorney: Suitcase deaths were accidents Shark bites man near Southern California beach Indy police: Bump may have set off shooting of 7 Police: Man shot toddler to torture her dad France: Mom kills kindergarten teacher in class Photo SlideshoGFw More Sideshows Top 25 Headlines t AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS I Gary police officer found shot dead in patrol car AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS 2 Police: Man shot toddler to torture her dad AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS 3 Police: Dad sent nude photos while boy sat in car AP ONLINE NATIONAL NEWS 4 Shark bides man near Southem California beach ENTERTAINMENT 5 Ashton Kutcher performs dance at wedding http://centurylink-.net/news/read/category/Top%20News/article/the_associated-press-califor... 7/6/2014 THE SENFT GENEALOGY & RECIPE PAGES Page I of 3 0 Fireworks . a rl ................. I., .................................. ........................... ................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................ If you're new here, you may want to subscribe to my SSS seed. Thanks for visiting! ......-............................................................................................................................... . _ Absolutely the most important consideration for anyone who loves pyro is safety. it is my fervent wish that alt pyro lovers in the world wall live their lives to their normal span, and with all of their body parts intact. Fireworks squa€r! invades Pennsylvania. BY G , -y `.,-a�, - Share this story: Mayor Bloomberg's anti -fireworks crusade has taken off this year: In addition to offering $1,000 rewards for ratting out your sparkler -loving neighbors via 311, NYPD detectives have hit Pennsylvania—where fireworks are legat—to snoop out New Yorkers who've made a run for the border. The NYPD says it's already made over 60 arrests and seized 30 vehicles and 769 cases of fireworks. Pennsylvania pyrotechnics merchant Bill Weimer has asked NYPD undercovers staking out his Phantom Fireworks stores to stop snapping pictures of his customers' license plates and beat it. But he says they just move across the street and "give off that New York cop attitude." Bloomberg claims credit for reducing fireworks -related injuries—not one yet this year—but Weimer says that's because manufacturers in China are making safer products. "Fireworks are dangerous," says Bloomberg spokesperson Virginia Lam. "You could lose an eye, a hand, or something worse." Like your car. http://sweetgeodes.com/senft/?page—id=2670 7/14/2014 — - - - rag,:-, L 01 3 ANTI According to PREVENT BLINDNESS A1;ItERICA, nearly 113,000 firevvorks victims keep hospitals busy every year, hhore than half of those- injured are children. Firev,,orks not only injure users, but also 40 percent of fireviorks mishaps injure bystanders. The three types of firev,,orks that keep hospital emergency rooms busy during this holiday period are bottle rockets, firecrackers, and sparklers. Bottle rockets and firecrackers can fly in any direction prior to exploding and sparklers burn at temperatures hot enough to melt gold. One of the reasons fireworks injuries continue to occur is because people just don't consider how dangerous these devices can be. rec of�c . c=c�r� , ; e:a iia -ural[ the-, are ;rt -i-red - that the risk of blindness or injury outweighs the excitement of taking risks with fireworks. True or False. 1. Fireworks injuries can only occur during the Fourth of July - False 2. Sparklers are safe fireworks and can be given to children - False 3. Gunpowder is a major ingredient in most types of fireworks - Answer True 4. Only people t �;o are c ,:r&fes, u_n re i �Q ski "tr ��t; Grla - False 5. Only people who set off fireworks risk injuries - False 6. Males are more likely to get hurt from fireworks - Answer True 7. Bottle rockets are not dangerous because they're just firecrackers tied to a stick - False 8. DYi homemao'e f`ire\:forks are safer than store bought fireworks - False 4. Using fireworks is an way to celebrate the Fourth of July - False 10. My state bans fireworks - Partially True. 1 11. Fireworks contain f�"� _<_ and W ._ True 12. Soil, water contamination, :c;i:e and concussive noises can affect native Mtdlife. - True Perchlorate [irks basica.Ely similar EPA stuff but from a CA take and regulations on it. Well water contamination. A WA. point of view focusing on this chemical that can enter welt.water systems, not just waterways or irrigation ditches. Pi P pass this article on. A, "'t MWe rabid is ,„y `;ew, on t. e that sell illegal stuff, but is not supposed to leave the reservation. It does include more information as hov,, to firescape your home for instance. I add c presentation a friend mace to Giiy Cour,cll ari County cff-cialS. Herb Senft http://sweetgeodes.com/senft/?page—id=2670 7/14/2014 HARD WIRED FOR SAFET-,,/ P.O. BOX 1644,POP T ANGELES, WA 98362 Port Angeles City Council July 15, 2014 C/o City Clerk, Janessa Hurd Re: Electric meters policy Clallam County PUD intends to re -issue its policy for replacement of electric meters. About 30,000 residential meters are involved. PUD Commissioners have been most kind in accepting questions and references from Hard Wired for Safety (HWS) . They expect to have answers in approximately 2 months. Because Port Angeles is addressing very similar issues, and may find the PUD answers helpful, Hard Wired for Safety (HWS) provides the City of Port Angeles a summary of our questions and comments submitted to PUD. 1. PUD has a problem with access to some meters because of aggressive animals, mud or other terrain obstacles to meter readers , with proposed remedy being replacement with wireless data retrieval. a.How numerous are these cases? b. Have you considered an option of owner self reporting backed up by once or twice a year meter reader verification and penalty for failure to fully report use.? c. Alternatively can an arrangement be made with a cable or telephone supplier for a custom installation to transmit data from such sites? (Investigate the "Turtle" meter) 2. HWS believes that keeping up with an evolving ever changing technology is appropriate for generally optional activity such as telecommunications, but not for electric meters. The residence should be a safe haven, free of any added radiation to protect the most vulnerable of citizens. Those old analog meters have served us well for over 40 years. Has a cost benefit analysis been carried out which justifies their replacement? 3. HWS is concerned for two sources of electromagnetic radiation from digital electric or water meters. The first is commonly from the switching mode power supply which if not properly shielded puts electric potentials on the houses currents sufficient to produce symptoms in electro -sensitive people.(Meaning there is a biologic effect probably at least mildly damaging to all people). The second is RF radiation from wireless broadcast signals. 4. We would like the Policy to specify that any digital electric or water meters installed be able to pass UL listing and certified not to produce electric transients ("Dirty electricity") to the house wiring. Itron makes a model called Openway which has had limited testing indicating it is properly made in this respect. We do not know whether Itron's Centron meter or the water meter meet this criterion. The RF signals would escape concern if transmitted by a wired system such as internet cable, fiber optic line, or telephone, Consider PUD making a deal with phone, cable or internet services.. A radio broadcasting station with wireless emissions on each of 30,000 houses is no insignificant matter. 5. DETAILED ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW NEEDED. An EIS should include PUD telecommunication plans, and any internet installations as well as utility meters . Health effects from radiation are thought to be additive. Costs and benefits would be key questions. The "no action alternative" could be closely examined. We note that hiring of meter readers puts money into the local economy due to the multiplier effect whereas funds spent for sophisticated software and computers sends large amounts of funding out of the area. The rate of obsolescence will also be significant to evaluation of costs over time. It is our information that there are millions of analog type electric meters and that suppliers expect ample replacements to be available for many years. 6. Is PUD using or will be using AMI software? 7. At the June 23rd. meeting PUD had a discussion on Noa Net. Doesn't his money come from the Federal Stimulus grant from the Department of Energy to expand broadband and to create a smart -meter infrastructure? 8 The Itron Centron document states that one of it's features as the meter of your choice is that it can be upgraded to any of the options modules available. Based on this information, are you are working forward with the intent of ending with a smart grid, smart -meter infrastructure? 9. With reference to the specification section of the Itron Centron meter, and the ability to go frequency hopping in a special unregulated 2.4 GHz band,: a) How do you determine if the hopping stays in the 1 watt limit as it is constantly switching bandwidth? b) Is it possible that with each switch the meter would read as a start mode of 5 watts, exceeding the 1 watt limit? c) How frequently does the meter sample current flow? d) How frequently does the meter check on appliance use? e.) How often does the meter report use of electricity to the utility? Of water? Is initial intent only to transmit when a meter reader approaches with a hand held receiver?. f.) Will information from a residential meter be coordinated with similar information from neighboring houses? Gathered in daisy chain or cluster fashion at sites for sending accumulated batches of data to utility? g) What numbers are projected to be converted to digital one way status within 3 years, and at build out? 10. Are utility meters required to be licensed ?, 11. Are utility meter upgrades exempt from SEPA? 12. Do utility meters operate under an unregulated 2.4 GHz bandwidth? 13. 1 f meters do not have a set of guidelines from FCC are they operating unregulated? 14. Do you have any information that would assure the residents and PUD installers that the meters will do them no harm? 15. a) Do you have any references to qualified, peer reviewed studies showing long term exposure to RF radiation at some known level at or below levels to be released in this scenario which does not depress immune systems? cause breaks in DNA? b.) Have you any evidence that biologic effects from low levels of non ionizing RF radiation are not cumulative? 16. 1 can find no information on the status of the UL on these meters. Can you advise if they have or have not been UL approved by anyone other than the manufacturer? 17. Will homeowners' policies for fire be voided if non UL certified devices are attached? 18. a. What is the cost of these meters? b. How many in inventory? c. How many installed? 19. a. What tests have been made for adequacy of shielding of the switching mode power supply and production or not of transients on residential wiring? b. What cost benefit analyses have been carried out? What assumptions were made for these calculations? c. What is expected life of meters? Software? d. What are replacement costs due to obsolescence of software and hardware for new meters? 20. a. How many meter readers are to be replaced, and what savings result including transportation, fringe benefits, and associated costs? b. Any analysis of community level costs//benefits including multiplier effect such as tracing circulation of meter reader's pay into local economy vs where the money goes when paid for meters and services of Itron? 21. Fire safety: a. What is the record for fire incidence following community installations of digital or smart meters? Any detail available for fire at the meter , or fire at an appliance or other electric connection? b. What if any are impacts on insurance liability? There are a number of complaints of residential owners of fires, even of explosions at newly installed digital meter boxes . We are told that increased voltages with spikes may overload circuits in older houses not built to today's codes. We are also warned that old appliances may not be able to handle surges that the new meters pass through. Do you have information on this? c.. Home owners are concerned that they may be liable for fire or other damages if equipment is not UL certified. Does PUD agree to cover them If a loss due to the smart meter is refused coverage on these grounds? Are homeowners/residents on their own? See attached reference. 22 . Has PUD received any grants or payments from either industry or governmental entities in furtherance of changing out analog meters or supporting a smart grid?? 23. How much electric energy has been saved in other communities by introduction of smart meters as reported to you? 24. If Bonneville power is lost for any reason, for an extended period what are PUD's back up plans to meet essential uses such as fire, police functions, hospital and nursing homes, home based essential life support equipment as oxygen concentrators, IV medication dispensers? 25..a. What has been the effect on costs of electricity in other communities of switching to the one way meters as proposed? Name and dates? b. of introduction of smart meters on utility bills for customers? (Names and dates) ? DOCUMENTS AND ATTACHMENTS Note: Only documents included with this letter are those not previously supplied to P.A. Council or Utility Committee. 1. A letter from Norbert Hankin, Center for Science and Risk Assessment„ Radiation Protection Division was written for Director of Radiation Division Frank Marcinowski of the US EPA, July 16, 2002.: "It is correct to say that there is uncertainty about whether or not current guidelines adequately treat nonthermal, prolonged exposures (Exposures that may continue on an intermittent basis for many years.... The FCC's current exposure guidelines, as well as those of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the International Commission on Non -Ionizing Radiation Protection are thermally based, and do not apply to chronic, non thermal exposure situations." 2. 10 pages of "Before the Public Utilities Commission of the State of California" . "Response of San Diego Gas and Electric Company (U 902 E) On the Administrative Law Judge's Ruling Seeking Clarification". Dated Nov. 1, 2011. This testimony discloses increased frequency of radio transmissions as part of system maintenance and synchronization Note : the Industry is fond of cumulating microseconds of radiation bursts to claim there could be no effects "from only a second of transmission" and postulates that any harm must be imaginary.. Laboratory experiments show pulsed exposure to radiation produces increased biologic effects , and double blind tests confirm the non imaginary nature of electro -hypersensitivity, 3. "Study to Determine the Presence of Dirty Electricity from Smart Electric Meters in Southern California" http://www.createhealthyhomes.com/smart_meter_study.php. " Meters measured so far, including ABB, GE, and Landis Gyr, emit noise on the customer's electric wiring in the form of high frequency voltage spikes, typically with an amplitude of 2 volts, but a frequency anywhere from 4,000 Hertz, up to 60, 000 Hz" 4. .e mail, 2 pages, from Helen Sears to Eloise Kailin, Response of Hialeah Meter Co. 5/19/2014 Analog meters " of Hileah Meter Company 5/19/2014: Refurbished analog meters available at cost of $15.00. 5. Editorial , Oxid Antioxid Med Sci 2014; 3(1)'1-3 ," Low intensity radiofrequency radiation: a new oxidant for living cells." Igor Yakymenko, et al.: "Notwithstanding the non -ionizing nature of RFR, Profound mutagenic effects and features of significant oxidative stress in living cells under low intensity RFR exposure were detected using various biological models (18,19). ...80 currently available papers, of which a remarkable part, 76 papers (92.5 %) reported the detection of significant oxidative stress... most often included overproduction of ROS (Reactive Oxidative Species, e. k.), lipid peroxidation /increased concentrations malonaldehyde, protein peroxidation, increased concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes.,.. Undoubtedly, a strong non -thermal character of biologic effects has been documented... it is clear that the substantial overproduction of ROS in living cells under low intensity RFR exposure could cause a broad spectrum of health disorders and diseases, including cancer in humans. " 6. " Provocation study using heart rate variability shows microwave radiation from 2.4 GHz cordless phone affects autonomic nervous system". Magda Havas*, Jeffrey Marrongelle**, Bernard Pollner et al, . European Journal of Oncology , Library Vol. 5 National Institute for the Study and Control of Cancer and Environmental Diseases . "Bernardino Ramazzini" ,Bologna, Italy. 2010, This provocation study was carried out with double blind precautions.. It showed that pulsed microwave radiation from a 2.4 GHz cordless phone affects the autonomic nervous system in electrosenstive persons. 7. Environmental Review vol .18, 369-395 (2010) published by the National Research Council titled: "Biological effects from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell tower base stations and other antenna arrays." Authors: B. Blake Levitt and Henry Lai. U.S. FCC guidelines for cell phones allowed spatial power density at between 0.2-1.0 mW/cm sq. (milliWatts/cm sq). Specific Absorption Rate (SAR ) measures actual rate of absorption of radiation, for which the FCC guidelines give a limit of 0.08 Watts/kilogram whole body weight. Biologic effects even on short term exposures occur far below guidelines. E.g. Immunological performance is affected in mice at a power density of 0.001 m/W/cm sq., and reproductive function is impaired at 0.000168-0.001053 mW/cm sq. Permeability of blood -brain barrier in mice is demonstrated at 0.0004-0.008 W/kg. "The blood brain barrier protects the brain from toxic substances, bacteria and viruses." (Page 374)8. 8. Wireless Smart Meters and Potential for Electrical Fires. Cindy Sage and James J. Biergiel, July,2010. Smart Meter Fires and Explosionsl EMF Safety Network, page 16-18 of 23, dated 2.23.12 9. A message for Fire Fighters and Insurers.Dennis and Sharon Noble/Paul Rothe, http://www:stopsmartmetersbc.ca (3 pages) Provocation study using heart rate variability shows microwave radiation from 2.4 GHz cordless phone affects autonomic nervous system Magda Havas*, Jeffrey Marrongelle'-*, Bernard Pollner** *, Elizabeth Kelley*" Camilla R.G. Rees* <**``, Lisa Tully'* ** Environmental and Resource Studies, Trent University, Peterborough, Canada ** 1629 Long Run Road, PO Box 606, Schuylkill Haven, PA. USA Haspingerstrasse 7/2, 6020 Innsbruck, Anstria vx International Commission for Electromagnetic Safety, Venice, Italy "k* 350 Bay Sheet, 4100-214, San Francisco, California, 94133, USA 27 Arrow Leaf Court, Boulder, Colorado 80304, USA Abstract Aint: The effect of pulsed (100 Hz) microwave (MW) radiation on heart rate variability, (HRV) was tested in a double blind study. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five subjects in Colorado between the ages of 37 to 79 completed an electrohypersensitivity (EHS) questionnaire. After recording their orthostatic HRV, we did continuous real-time monitoring of HRV in a provocation study, where supine subjects were exposed for 3 -minute intervals to radiation gener- ated by a cordless phone at 2.4 GHz or to sham exposure. Results: Question- naire: Based on self -assessments, participants classified themselves as extremely electrically sensitive (241/o), moderately (16%), slightly (16%), not sensitive (8%) or with no opinion (36%) about their sensitivity. The top 10 symptoms experienced by those claiming to be sensitive include memory prob- lems, difficulty concentrating, eye problems, sleep disorder, feeling unwell, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, chronic fatigue, and heart palpitations. The five most common objects allegedly causing sensitivity were fluorescent lights, antennas, cell phones, Wi-Fi, and cordless phones. Provocation Experiment: Forty percent of the subjects experienced some changes in their HRV attribut- able to digitally pulsed (100 Hz) MW radiation. For some the response was extreme (tachycardia), for others moderate to mild (changes in sympathetic nervous system and/or parasympathetic nervous system). and for some there was no observable reaction either because of high adaptive capacity or because of systemic neurovegetative. exhaustion. Conclusions: Orthostatic HRV combined with provocation testing may provide a diagnostic test for some EHS sufferers when they are exposed to electromagnetic emitting devices. This is the first study that documents immediate and dramatic changes in both Hearth Rate (HR) and HR variability (HRV) associated with MW exposure at levels Address: Magda Havas BSc, PhD, Environmental and Resource Studies, Trent University, Peterborough, ON, K9J 7138, Canada - Tel. 70.5 748-1011 x7882 - Fax 705-748-1569 E-mail: mbavas(ylJ entu.ca 273 L Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 well below (0.5%) federal guidelines in Canada and the United States (1000 microW/cm'-). Key Words: heart rate variability, microwave radiation, DELT phone, auto- nomic nervous system, provocation study, sympathetic, parasympathetic, cord- less phone, 2.4 GHz, electrohypersensitivity Introduction A growing population claims to be sensitive to devices emitting electromagnetic energy. Hallberg and Oberfeld' report a prevalence of electrohypersensitivity (EHS) that has increased from less than 2% prior to 1997 to approximately 10% by 2004 and is expected to affect 50% of the population by 2017. Whether this is due to a real increase in EHS or to greater media attention, is not known. However, to label EHS as a psychological disorder or to attribute the symptoms to aging and/or stress does not resolve the issue that a growing population, especially those under the age of 60, are suffering from some combination of fatigue, sleep disturbance, chronic pain, skin, eye, hearing, cardiovascular and balance problems, mood disorders as well as cognitive dysfunction and that these symptoms appear to worsen when people are exposed to electromagnetic emitting devices''. The World Health Organization (WHO) organized an international seminar and working group meeting in Prague on EMF Hypersensitivity in 2004, and at that meeting they defined EHS as follows": "... a phenomenon inhere individuals experience adverse health effects while using or being in the vicinity of devices emanating electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields (EMFs) ... lViatever its cause, EHS is a real and sometimes a debilitating problem for the affected persons ... Their exposures are generally several orders of magnitude ander the limits in internationally accepted standards. " The WHO goes on to state that: "EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted indi- viduals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most cornnionly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration dif ttcul- ties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation and digestive disturbances). The collection ofsymptoms is notpart gfany recognized syndrome." Both provocation studies (where individuals are exposed to some form of electro- magnetic energy and their symptoms are documented) and amelioration studies (where exposure is reduced) can shed light on the offending energy source and the type and rate of reaction. Several amelioration studies have documented improvements in the behavior of students and the health and wellbeing of teachers', among asthmatics10, and in both diabetics and those with multiple sclerosis"" when their exposure to dirty electricity is reduced. Dirty electricity refers to rnicrosurges flowing along electrical wires in the kHz 274 i• M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system range that can damage sensitive electronic equipment and, it appears, affect the health of those exposed. In contrast to amelioration studies, provocation studies, examining the response of people with self-diagnosed EHS, have generated mixed results. Rea et al.'' were one of the first to show that sensitive individuals responded repeat- edly to several frequencies between 0.1 Hz and 5 MHz but not to blank challenges. Reac- tions were mostly neurological and included tingling, sleepiness, headache, dizziness, and - in severe cases - unconsciousness, although other symptoms were also observed including pain of various sorts, muscle tightness particularly in the chest, spasm, palpi- tation, flushing, tachycardia, etc. In addition to the clinical symptoms, instrument recordings of pupil dilation, respiration, and heart activity were also included in the study using a double-blind approach. Results showed a 20% decrease in pulmonary function and a 40% increase in heart rate. These objective instrtunental recordings, in combination with the clinical symptoms, demonstrate that EMF sensitive individuals respond physiologically to certain EMF frequencies although responses were robust for only 16 of the 100 potentially sensitive individuals tested. In a more recent review, Rubin et al." concluded that there was no robust evidence to support the existence of a biophysical hypersensitivity to EMF. This was based on 31 double-blind experiments that tested 725 EHS subjects. Twenty-four studies found no difference between exposure and sham conditions and of the seven studies that did find some evidence that exposure affected .EHS participants, the research group failed to repli- cate the results (two studies) or the results appeared to be statistical artifacts (three studies). Those who live near antennas and those who suffer from EHS often complain of cardiovascular problems such as rapid heart rate, arrhythmia, chest pain, and/or changes in blood pressure"'S1 Indeed, the doctors who signed the Freiburger Appeal' stated the following: "Fite have observed, in recent years, a drarnati.c rise in severe and chronic disease among our patients espeeially ... extrenie fluctuations in blood pressure, ever harder to influence with medications; heart rhythm disorders; heart attacks and strokes among ann increasingly younger population ..." Based on these findings we decided to study the affect of microwave (MW) radiation generated by a digital cordless phone on the cardiovascular system by monitoring heart rate variability (HRV). Unlike cell phones that radiate microwaves only when they are either transmitting or receiving information, the cordless phone we used radiates constantly as long as the base of the phone is plugged into an electrical outlet. The phone we used was an AT&T digitalally pulsed (100 Hz) cordless telephone that operates at 2.4 GHz or frequencies cormnonly used for microwave ovens and Wi-Fi. It resembles its European version know as a Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DELT) phone that operates at 1.9 GHz". HRV is increasingly used for screening cardiovascular and neurological disorders' 21. We wanted to determine whether HRV could be used as a tool to diagnose EHS and whether it could be used to predict probability and/or intensity of the reaction to a MW provocation. The HRV analysis, using NervExpress software' -1.21, provides information. about the functioning of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system with real time monitoring and provides additional information including a pre -exposure fitness score based on the orthostatic test. 275 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 Materials and methods Background electromagnetic en.vrronment Testing was done in two locations, one in Golden and the other in Boulder, Colorado, on three separate weekdays during a 6 -day period (Table 1). Background levels of low frequency magnetic fields, intermediate frequency radiation on electrical wires, and radio frequency radiation were monitored at each location and the values are provided in Table 1. All testing of the electromagnetic environment was done in the area where volunteers were tested for their heart rate variability during the provocation study. The extremely low frequency magnetic field was measured with an omni -directional Trifield meter. This meter is calibrated at 60 Hz with a frequency -weighted response frons 30 to 500 Hz and a flat response from 500 to 1.000 Hz. Accuracy is t 20%. Power quality was measured with a Microsurge Meter that measures high frequency transients and harmonics between 4 and 150 kHz (intermediate frequency range). This meter provides a digital reading from 1 to 1999 of dv/dt expressed as GS units with a +/- 5% accuracy". Since we were trying to ensure low background exposure, we installed GS filters to improve power quality. The results recorded are with GS filters installed. Within at least 100 m of the testing area, all wireless devices (cell phones, cordless phones, wireless routers) were turned off. Radio frequency radiation from outside the testing area was measured with an Electrosmog Meter, which has an accuracy of ±2.4 dB within the frequency range of 50 MHz to 3.5 GHz. Measurements were conducted using the omni -directional mode and were repeated during the testing. This meter was also used to determine the exposure of test subjects during provocation with a digital cordless phone. This cordless phone emits radio frequency radiation when the base station is plugged into an electrical outlet. This happens even when the phone is not in use. We used the base station of an AT&T 2.4 GHz phone (digitally pulsed at 100 Hz) to expose subjects to MW radiation". The emission of MWs at different distances from the front of the base station is provided in fig. 1. Testing o f subjects Subjects were recruited by word-of—mouth based on their availability during a short period of testing. Of the 27 people who volunteered to be tested, two were excluded, one based on age (less than 16 years old) and another based. on a serious heart condition. Subjects were asked to complete a wellness and EHS questionnaire. They were then asked questions about their age, height, weight, blood type, time of last meal, and occu- pation (in the event of occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields/radiation). Table 1 - Measurements of the electromagnetic environment at each testing location Location Date Magnetic Field Power Quality Radio Frequency Radiation 30 - 1000 I-iz 4 - 150 kHz 50 MI Iz — 3.5 GHz Colorado rnG GS units microW/cm' Golden 10/16/08 3 — 15 140 0.8 Boulder 10/20;08 0.4 37 <0.01 Boulder 101,21/08 0.4 80 <0.01 276 Al. Havas, et at: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Fig. 1. Radiation near a 2.4 GI-lz AT&T digital cordless phone when the base station of the phone is plugged into an electrical outlet and the phone is not in use We measured resting heart rate and blood pressure using a Life Source UA -767 Plus digital blood pressure monitor; saliva pH with pH ion test strips designed for urine and saliva (pH range 4.5-9.0), and blood sugar with ACCU-CHEK Compact Plus. In an attempt to address the question: "Is there a simple test that relates EI -IS with the electrical environment of the human body?", we measured galvanic skin response (GSR), body voltage, and the high and low frequency electric and magnetic field of each subject. Wrist -to -wrist galvanic skin response was measured as an indicator of stress using a Nexxtech voltmeter (Cat. No. 2.200810) set at 20 volts DC and attached to the imler wrist with a Medi Trace 535 ECG Conducive Adhesive Electrodes Foam used for ECG moni- toring. Capacitively coupled "body voltage" was measured with a MSI Multimeter connected to a BV -1 body voltage adaptor. The subject's thumb was placed on one connector and the other connector was plugged into the electrical ground, which served as the reference electrode. High frequency (HF) and low frequency (.LF) electric and magnetic fields were measured with a Multidetektor 11 Profi Meter held at approximately 30 em from the subject's body, while the subject was seated. HRV testi»- Two types of HRV testing were conducted. The first was an orthostatic test and the second was continuous monitoring of heart rate variability with and without provocation (exposure to MW frequencies from a digital cordless phone). NervExpress software was used for HRV testing'-'. NervExpress has both CE and EU approval and is a Class Two Medical Device in Canada and in the European Union. An electrode belt with transmitter was placed on the person's chest near the heart, against the skin. A wired HRV cable with receiver was clipped to the clothing near the transmitter and connected to the COM 277 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 port of the computer for acoustical -wired transmission (not wireless). This provided continuous monitoring of the interval between heartbeats (R -R interval). For the orthostatic testing subject laid down on his/her back and remained in this position for 192 R -R intervals or heartbeats (approximately 3 minutes), at which time a beep from the computer indicated that the person stand up and remain standing until the end of the testing period, which. was 448 intervals (approximately 7 minutes depending on heart rate). For the provocation testing, subject remained in a lying down position for the dura- tion of the testing. A digital cordless phone base station, placed approximately 30 to 50 cm from subject's head, was then connected randomly to either a live (real exposure) or dead (sham exposure) extension cord. 1t was not possible for the subject to know if the cordless phone was on or off at any one time. Continuous real-time monitoring recorded the interval bet,,veen each heartbeat. Data were analyzed by tinned stages consisting of 192 .R -R intervals (heartbeats). The sham exposures are referred to as either pre -MW exposure or post -MW exposure to differentiate the order of testing. Since type of exposure was done randomly in some instances either the pre -MW or the post -MW is missing. Subjects who reacted innnedi- ately to the cordless phone were retested with more real/sham exposures. When subject was exposed multiple times, only the first exposure was used for comparison. Provoca- tion testing took between 9 to 30 minutes per subject. After the initial testing, treatments (deep breathing, laser acupuncture, Clean Sweep) that might alleviate symptoms were tried on a few subjects but these results will be reported elsewhere. Interpretation ofHRVresults The results for the orthostatic testing and provocation testing were sent to one of the authors (JM) for interpretation. An example of the type of information send is provided in fig. 2 (orthostatic) and fig. 3 (provocation). No information was provided about the subject's self-proclaimed EHS and the information about exposure was blinded. JM did not examine the provocation results until he reviewed the orthostatic results. No attempt was made to relate the two during this initial stage of interpretation. Predicting reshonse and health based on orthostatic test For the orthostatic testing JM provided a ranking for cardiovascular tone (CVT), which is based on the blood pressure and heart rate (stun of systolic and diastolic blood pressure times heart rate) and provides infomnation on whether the cardiovascular system is hypotonic (<12,500) or hypertonic (>16,500). We used a 5 -point ranking scale as follows: Rank 1: < 12,500, hypotonic; Rank 2: 12,500 to 14,000; Rank 3: 14,000 to 15,500; Rank- 4: 15,500 to 16,500; Rank 5: > 16,500, hypertonic. Non -Adaptive Capacity (NAC)' was ranked on a 5 -point scale with 1 indicating highly adaptive and 5 indicating highly non -adaptive. This was based on a balanced sympathetic (SNS) and parasympathetic (PSNS) nervous system (average orthostatic response within ±1 standard deviation frorn center on graph) and on the overall fitness Later Adaptive Capacity (AC) was used, which is the inverse of NAC. 278 M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Fib. 2. Orthostatic HRV information provided for blinded analysis of Subject 18 score. The closer to normal value of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in a given subject, the less likely they are to react, since their adaptive capacity is high. "Normal" refers to the balanced SNS/PSNS and the appropriate direction of movement under stress, in this case when person stood up. Direction of movement is shown in the NervExpress graph (fig. 2). Appropriate direction of movement would be either up 1 standard deviation (small increase in SNS and no change in PSNS); up and to the left 1 standard deviation each (small increase in SNS and small decrease in PSNS); or to left (no change in SNS and slight decrease in PSNS). For those who move further to the left (greater down regulation of PSNS) or further up and to the left (greater up regula- tion of SNS combined with a greater down regulation of PSNS), the less likely they are to adapt and the more likely they are to react. Likewise, if the fitness score is high or adequate, the individual would be capable of resisting the stressor. An adequate phys- ical fitness score is between 1:1 and 10:6. The first number refers to the functioning of the physiological system and the second is the adaptation reserve. The lower the numbers the greater the level of fitness in each category. Note, if a subject with good or adequate fitness was to be a reactor to MW stress, his/her reaction would be both rapid and strong. Probability of Reaction (POR) was ranked on a 5 -point scale with "1" indicating low probability of a reaction and "5" indicating high probability of a reaction to stress of any kind. Criteria were similar to the NAC. However, greater consideration was given to the Chronotropic Myocardial Reaction Index (ChMR) value and the dysautonomic 279 Subject 19 Subject 18 �. Gender lvlalc Agvc 68 year,. u, Height; b"� wtis k 210 lbs, Blood Type: O+ " Sitting HR: 68 Blood Pressure: 118-71 _ro Blood Sugar: 5.4 ralat K a Ti= Since Lao Meat 3 h li t Fib. 2. Orthostatic HRV information provided for blinded analysis of Subject 18 score. The closer to normal value of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in a given subject, the less likely they are to react, since their adaptive capacity is high. "Normal" refers to the balanced SNS/PSNS and the appropriate direction of movement under stress, in this case when person stood up. Direction of movement is shown in the NervExpress graph (fig. 2). Appropriate direction of movement would be either up 1 standard deviation (small increase in SNS and no change in PSNS); up and to the left 1 standard deviation each (small increase in SNS and small decrease in PSNS); or to left (no change in SNS and slight decrease in PSNS). For those who move further to the left (greater down regulation of PSNS) or further up and to the left (greater up regula- tion of SNS combined with a greater down regulation of PSNS), the less likely they are to adapt and the more likely they are to react. Likewise, if the fitness score is high or adequate, the individual would be capable of resisting the stressor. An adequate phys- ical fitness score is between 1:1 and 10:6. The first number refers to the functioning of the physiological system and the second is the adaptation reserve. The lower the numbers the greater the level of fitness in each category. Note, if a subject with good or adequate fitness was to be a reactor to MW stress, his/her reaction would be both rapid and strong. Probability of Reaction (POR) was ranked on a 5 -point scale with "1" indicating low probability of a reaction and "5" indicating high probability of a reaction to stress of any kind. Criteria were similar to the NAC. However, greater consideration was given to the Chronotropic Myocardial Reaction Index (ChMR) value and the dysautonomic 279 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 Subject 18 Subject M Gender: Mate Age: 68 yeah Height: 62" Weight: 2101bs Blood Type: O+ Sitting HR: 68 Blood Pressure: 118-71 Blood Sugar. 54 natml/L Timc Since Last Meat: 3 he Subject 18., . i Fig. 3. Continuous monitoring of HRV with real and sham exposure to MW radiation from a digital cord- less phone. Information provided for blinded analysis of Subject 18 status (average of orthostatic test is more than two standard deviations from center or Lip to the right) of the subject, whereby individuals with compromised ANS and a poor ChMR ranking (outside the range of 0.53 to 0.69) would be most likely to react and vice versa. A potential non -responding reactor is someone with low energy, average orthostatic response in lower left quadrate, and a physical fitness score between 10:6 and 13:7. Subject 18 in fig. 2 is a borderline non -responding reactor. Note, this does not neces- sarily imply that this person is hypersensitive, only that he probably does not have enough energy to mount a reaction even if he was EHS. JM also provided his comments on the health status of the subject based on the rhythmogram, autonomic nervous system assessment (changes in the SNS and PSNS), Fitness Score, Vascular Compensation Reaction (VC), ChMR, Compensation Response (CR), Ortho Test Ratio (OTR), Parameters of Optimal Variability (POV), Index of Discrepancy (ID); and Tension Index (TI). The interpretation of the HRV parameters is dependant to a certain degree on the integration of all the data provided as a whole with value being given to the total ANS picture presented. Those skilled in the art and science of HRV analysis should reach similar interpretive assessment of the data presented here". Blinded analysis gfBrovocation results The blinded data for the continuous monitoring of heart rate variability with real and sham exposure were sent to JM for analysis (fig. 3). JM attempted to identify the stage during which exposure took place, stage during which the subject reacted, and then ranked symptom probability (5 -point scale) and intensity (non-reactive, mild, moderate, intense). The assessment is provided in Appendix A. 280 M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Wellness and EHS Questionnaire Prior to any testing, each subject was asked to complete a wellness and EHS question- naire. This was designed on surveymonkey (w�vw surveymonkey.com) and was adminis- tered in paper format. This questionnaire was analyzed separately from the HRV data. Results Background electromagnetic environment The two environments, where we conducted the testing, differed in their background levels of EMF and electromagnetic radiation (EMR). The Golden site had high magnetic fields (3-15 mG), high levels of dirty electricity (140 GS units) despite the GS filters being installed, and elevated levels of radio frequency (RF) radiation (0.8 microW/cm`) coming from 27 TV transmitters on Lookout Mountain within 4 km of our testing envi- ronment. Despite RF reflecting film on windows the RF levels inside the home were elevated. The Boulder environment was relatively pristine and differed only with respect to power quality on the two days of testing (Table 1). The cordless phone, used for provocation, produced radiation that was maximal at the subject's head Q to 5 microW/cm') and minimal at the subject's feet (0.2 to 0.8 microW/cm') depending on height of subject and the environment. The cordless phone did not alter magnetic field or power quality. Participants A total of 25 subjects were included in this pilot study, ranging in age from 37 to 79 with most (40%) of the subjects in their 50s (Table 2). Eighty percent were females. Approximately half of the participants had normal body mass index and the other half were either overweight (28%) or obese (16%)21. Mean resting heart rate for this group was 70 (beats per minute) and ranged from 53 to 81. Blood pressure fell within a normal range for 40% of participants and fell within stage I of high blood pressure for 16% of the subjects29. None of the subjects had pacemakers, a prerequisite for the study. Forty percent had mercury amalgam fillings and 28% had metal (artificial joints, braces, etc.) in their body. This is relevant as metal implants and mercury fillings may relate to EHS'°. Questionnaire Self -perceived Electrosensitivity, One third of participants did not know if they were or were not electrically sensitive, 40% believed they were moderately to extremely sensitive, 16% stated that they had a little sensitivity, and 8% claimed they were not at all sensitive. Their sensitivity was slightly debilitating for 24% and moderately debilitating for 20% of participants (fig. 4). Reaction time for symptoms to appear after exposure ranged from immediately (12%) to within 2 hours (4%) and was within 10 minutes for the majority of those who believe they react (28%) (fig. 5). Recovery time ranged from immediately to within I day with 281 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 Table 2 - Information about participants Gender Male 5 20° o Female 20 80% Age Mean and Range 60 years 37-79 years Age Class 20s 1 4% 30s 1 4% 40s 2 8% 50s 10 40% 60s 5 20% 70s 7 28% BMI' obese 4 16% overweight 7 28% nonnal 13 52% underweight 1 4% Resting Heart Rate Mean and Range 70 bpm 53-81 bpm Blood Pressure' Normal 10 40% Pre -hypertension 11 44% High Blood Pressure 4 16`10 Metal in Body Pace maker 0 0% Mercury fillings 10 40% Other metal 7 28% BMI = Body Mass Index based on height and weight" 'Blood Pressure (BP) according to National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (nd)' only 4% claiming to recover immediately. Several participants noted that the rate of reaction and recovery is a function of the severity of their exposure and their state of health. The more intense the exposure the Blore rapid their response and the slower their rate of recovery. These results may have a bearing on the provocation study as we are testing an immediate reaction/recovery response (-3 minutes) to a moderate intensity exposure (3 to 5 ltW/cm2) and the percent that claims to respond quickly is low among this group. Symptoms The most common symptoms of exposure to electrosmog, as identified by this group of participants, included poor short -tern memory, difficulty concentrating, eye prob- lems, sleep disorder, feeling unwell, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, chronic fatigue and heart palpitations (fig. 6, upper graph). Of the symptoms commonly associated with BHS, heart palpitations (10'x), rapid heartbeat (18"), arrhythmia (21'`), and slower heart- beat (23r1) are the only ones we would be able to identify with HRV testing. For most participants who claim to react, reactions are mild to moderate. All of the symptoms, except high blood pressure, arrhythmia, and slower heartbeat, were experienced several times per day (daily) or several times per week (weekly) by at least one or more participants. The patterns for symptom severity and frequency are similar (fig. 6, upper vs lower graph). Some of the symptoms (feeling unwell, pain, chronic fatigue, gas/bloat, skin problems) were experienced several times each month (monthly) may relate to menses in pre -menopausal or pen -menopausal women (16 women). 282 M. Havas, et at: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Fig. 4. Self-proclaimed electrosensitivity of participants (n=25) A large percentage of participants had food allergies (64%), mold/pollen/dust aller- gies (48%), pet allergies (20%), and were chemically sensitive (36%) (fig. 7). Some also had pre-existing health/medical conditions (fig. 8). The top five were anxiety (28%); hypo -thyroidism (24%); autoinunune disorder (20%), depression (16%) and high blood pressure (16%). Note these may be self-diagnosed rather than medically diagnosed conditions. Objects contribliting or associated with adverse health symptoms Among the objects identified as contributing to adverse health symptoms, tube fluo- rescent lights were at the top of the list with more than 40% of participants reacting often or always (fig. 9). The next 4 items on the list (antennas, cell phones, Wi-Fi, cordless phones) all emit microwave radiation. According to this figure 16% of subjects respond to cordless phones often or always and their responses may include headaches, dizziness, depression, which we are unable to monitor with HRV. Fifty-two percent stated they are debilitated by their sensitivity, 24% slightly, 20% moderately, and 8% severely. Some have difficult shopping, which may relate to 283 sire. ....... _... ...._ ,...:... _.. _.._, __.. ....., How electrically sensitive are you? o Ssr;. 'dam .Ms g F � 24% tQS.s777777 r 2u 76`,9. tb°-;F �� aw a very Sa—detakeiy a pole Rpt W alf t d—'I kmw Missi'l; extremely Z3 How debilitated are you by your sensitivity? axros n. "WA y�3 i n 7 ` F a V,' EUYHtK(r: ✓i'}.:if..ly tia^Cy t»5 ii Ham: +_e. � M.aY . A.CS M.S a�T Fig. 4. Self-proclaimed electrosensitivity of participants (n=25) A large percentage of participants had food allergies (64%), mold/pollen/dust aller- gies (48%), pet allergies (20%), and were chemically sensitive (36%) (fig. 7). Some also had pre-existing health/medical conditions (fig. 8). The top five were anxiety (28%); hypo -thyroidism (24%); autoinunune disorder (20%), depression (16%) and high blood pressure (16%). Note these may be self-diagnosed rather than medically diagnosed conditions. Objects contribliting or associated with adverse health symptoms Among the objects identified as contributing to adverse health symptoms, tube fluo- rescent lights were at the top of the list with more than 40% of participants reacting often or always (fig. 9). The next 4 items on the list (antennas, cell phones, Wi-Fi, cordless phones) all emit microwave radiation. According to this figure 16% of subjects respond to cordless phones often or always and their responses may include headaches, dizziness, depression, which we are unable to monitor with HRV. Fifty-two percent stated they are debilitated by their sensitivity, 24% slightly, 20% moderately, and 8% severely. Some have difficult shopping, which may relate to 283 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 Fig. S. Self-proclaimed response time of participants to electro -stress and recovery (n=25) lighting in stores. Others have difficulty flying or traveling by car, perhaps due to microwave exposure on highways and in airplanes. A few subjects are unable to use mobile phones and computers and are unable to watch television. Some are unable to wear jewelry because it irritates the skin and/or watches because they often malfunction (fig. 7). EHS and person 's EMF The body voltage, as measured by the potential difference between the subject and the electrical ground, differed at the two sites. Subjects at Golden had much higher values than those at Boulder. This was also the case for the high and low frequency electric field and for the HF and LF magnetic field (Table 3). Galvanic skin response was highly vari- able among subjects prior to testing and did not relate to either sensitivity or the envi- ronment. There was no association between any of the EMF measurements (body voltage, GSR, electric field or magnetic field) that we conducted prior to testing and EHS of the subjects tested. In a follow-up study it would be useful to monitor each person's EMF before, during, and after exposure. 284 M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Severity of Symptoms when exposed to Electrosmoo r-+� r abvd*e 6�cu`.4y wsit,ng loose bows! � rrnxternta xlawar'tuxrt tux; tpw tx?oxS Prv.N3Eura nuxE+np h�((h btuJ.� R±dbSUCa ConE[iyk2�on ray;n Lean tsdat tl+t!'�cudy vrtninp iifY�;ina Ef:nfl ASion ix, 1aat p{ 3WRt}fi E1�i.R. PFMJtbtRE diNru:iy spca,cinq Eddy Pei<r ire gxn�btoat nPAYf Pa;p�txtiOnE Uttpn:,C latigtw (inni(Ufi hriadx,Ma +ocu d�surda+ ny< SSPptSiaMp �Rk ''%y GCnCWS'saf:r)p poo+ seen. 4erm menw:y 0"' u;rcK.;ey wsl+c:ry laze txiwa! YlpW hdart twat Ip,y pSryJ[) j3[CEYUtb ant,ythmix h,Uh biaoa (xiMY..hUfd (;Ot1E!.flitiCR raytiy� hdari twat diN�a3lY rrtit»g tlr,gi;rK} set,selior, � i'eat � hands dmic:�n PiGS>Y. w '-ty sPexe'rnp l w r OW. Ile- pss2dos7 hanrY � ipsurtrnns s:•letartic fdligtia rnnaus dizr.. i,sadachd le,tlirq unv+ail sldaP tl4zo^dNr Cy! pf�+aR�b dfilcvtty--nttutktp pool shote term meenwy 0% 2015 t Frequency of Symptoms 20`i e07GO% 150% 100'',5 Fig. 6. Severity and frequency of symptoms associated with electrosmog exposure (n=25) Blind assessment of'responses: orthostatie HRV'provoeatioii HRV The Orthostatic HRV provided us with the state of the ANS and the relative fitness score of the individual prior to exposure, which is important for predicting the intensity outcome of exposure. A summary of the orthostatic HRV (blinded analysis) along with the self-assessment and the provocation HRV (blinded and unblinded) are provide in Appendix A for each subject. For those individuals who had either a moderate or intense response, the blinded predictions show good agreement for stage of exposure and for intensity of exposure. Based on the orthostatic test, those with high adaptive capacity had a lower proba- bility of reacting to stress, but if they did react, their reaction would be moderate to 285 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 I have been struck. DY Gghtnmg Medical Conditions #yea Parkmsoas r renewed tlet—m shocks r yes 3 aomottmes multiple aderosis 1 cannot Watch TV „0 . no type 1 dabetes don't know` r: I da not know 1 cannot Wear watches -'missing missing t cannel use a Ownpute! ' heart ailment not appty +. I cannot use a moait phone I rannatwear jewelry Lyme disease I have dtrfi�,ty Wath car travel rm artrgV to pets ! i spend mast o1 my lime at home I ha:R drfhcuhy flying '- ` .f i have d Ttcutty shopping I am chemkafly sensieva =a 'ea-ttons Wpollewdust I have food elrergies --- —'100% p@a 20% 40% 60`"fi SU°!u Percent of Partiopanit Fig. 7. Response to specific questions that may contribute to or be associated with electrical sensitivity (n=25) Fig, 8. Existing medical conditions of participants (n=25) Medical Conditions Parkmsoas r yes Fv- multiple aderosis „0 type 1 dabetes don't know` Lou Gehrig's -'missing kizheimcKs heart ailment care m type diabetes Lyme disease Iupus ! panic attacks chrodic in[ectitln '- ` .f hyper-0ryroidism immune system disardtr =a high blood pressu16 depression autofmmvne disorde hypo briyrodism 0% 2011. 40% 60% 80% 100% Percent a! Padicipants Fig, 8. Existing medical conditions of participants (n=25) M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Fig. 9. Objects contributing to adverse health symptoms. Those marked with a dot generate microwave frequencies (n=25) Table 3 - Personal electromagnetic environment (mean ± standard deviation) of subjects tested includ- ing galvanic skin response (GSR), body voltage, electric (E -field) and magnetic fields (M -field) at both high and low frequency (HF and LF) [* P <0.05]. Location Date GSR Body E -field E -field M -field M -field Voltage HF LF HF LF mV mV mV mV MG mG Golden 10/16/08 3.5 ± 1.8 3.4 ± 0.5* 88±85* 333±71* 4.6 t 5.7* 17 f 14* Boulder 10/20/08 3.2 f 2.5 0.5 = 0.5 13 f 33 63 f 94 0.2 f 0.6 2.7 f 0.7* Boulder 10/21/08 4.1 f 1.3 0.2 f 0.1 2 f 0.8 57 f 50 0.1 f 0.4 1.7 f 0.6* intense. Conversely, those with low adaptive capacity had a higher probability of reacting but they didn't always have the energy to react and hence their reactions would be mild. Provocation HRV Most of the subjects (15/25, 60°x) did not respond appreciable to the MW radiation generated by the cordless phone when it was plugged into a live outlet. The rhythmo- gram was unchanged and the heart rate, parasympathetic and sympathetic tone remained constant (figs. 3, 10, 12). However, 10 subjects (40%) did respond to the MW challenge. Fig. 13 shows the response for six of those 10. Response and the recovery were immediate. MW provoca- 287 Objects Causing Reactions treadm ■always --.s stavei:9 Yr often ":.SOmebrnes } . b 'dOd1Y i.M1tlN i atvttar3 D `9fled In �:.rtlisstng lots not aPPY energy e!'r.ieot ilghis w v • d=aes n ; puW � transit radar ai zan®cordlesspryonssi L tett photube ti=e"m 1;gbts0% -,--- 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Percent of patvdpants Fig. 9. Objects contributing to adverse health symptoms. Those marked with a dot generate microwave frequencies (n=25) Table 3 - Personal electromagnetic environment (mean ± standard deviation) of subjects tested includ- ing galvanic skin response (GSR), body voltage, electric (E -field) and magnetic fields (M -field) at both high and low frequency (HF and LF) [* P <0.05]. Location Date GSR Body E -field E -field M -field M -field Voltage HF LF HF LF mV mV mV mV MG mG Golden 10/16/08 3.5 ± 1.8 3.4 ± 0.5* 88±85* 333±71* 4.6 t 5.7* 17 f 14* Boulder 10/20/08 3.2 f 2.5 0.5 = 0.5 13 f 33 63 f 94 0.2 f 0.6 2.7 f 0.7* Boulder 10/21/08 4.1 f 1.3 0.2 f 0.1 2 f 0.8 57 f 50 0.1 f 0.4 1.7 f 0.6* intense. Conversely, those with low adaptive capacity had a higher probability of reacting but they didn't always have the energy to react and hence their reactions would be mild. Provocation HRV Most of the subjects (15/25, 60°x) did not respond appreciable to the MW radiation generated by the cordless phone when it was plugged into a live outlet. The rhythmo- gram was unchanged and the heart rate, parasympathetic and sympathetic tone remained constant (figs. 3, 10, 12). However, 10 subjects (40%) did respond to the MW challenge. Fig. 13 shows the response for six of those 10. Response and the recovery were immediate. MW provoca- 287 Eur. I Oncol. Library, vol. 5 Subject 2: Female 73 years old heart beat per minute t = microwave (MW) exposure self-diagnosed EHS HRV .eery moderate lithe not �— —� don't know Subject 2 s 54. 54 55 .56 •. �--.-- MW - MW �. ♦ r Dynamics of the Sympathetic Tone ~ ♦ Dynamics of the Parasympathetic Tone Fig. 10. Continuous monitoring of HRV during provocation part of this study for one subject who was non-reactive Subject 25: Female 58 years old heart beat per minute ♦ = microwave (MW) exposure self-diagnosed EHS HRV very moderate little not don't l -now Subject 25 j ' ► * Dynamics of the Parasympathetic Tone Fig. 11. Continuous monitoring of HRV during provocation part of this study for one subject who react- ed to the MW radiation from a digital cordless 2.4 GHz phone tion differed noticeably compared with sham exposure. Heart rate increased significantly for four of the subjects, resulting in tachycardia for three. The heart rate for subject 25 jumped from 61 bpm to 154 bpm (with real provocation) and returned to 64 bpm (with sham provocation) (fig. 11). The increase in heart rate was accompanied by up regula- tion of the SNS and down regulation of the PSNS during cordless phone exposure for four subjects in Table 4 (fig. 13). Response of the one subject (Subject 27) was para- doxical in that the heart rate increased from 72 to 82 bpm during which time the parasympathetic tone increased and the sympathetic tone remained constant. Fig. 14 shows the range of responses of some non- or slightly reactive subjects to provocation. M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Table 4 - Real-time monitoring of heart rate, sympathetic and parasympathetic tone before, during, and after exposure to a 2.4 GHz digital cordless phone radiating 3-5 microW/cm' EHS Subject EHS Heart Rate (bpm) Sympathetic Response Parasympathetic Response Code Ranked bgrnd pre MW post bgrnd pre MW post bgrnd pre MW post Intense 25 1 61 61 154 64 -1 -1 4 0 0 0 -4 -1 17 2 66 68 122 66 0 0 4 0 0 -2 -3 0 26 3 59 61 106 61 -1 -1 3 0 1 2 -3 1 27 4 72 nd 82 69 0 nd 0 0 -3 nd 2 22 Moderate 5 5 66 66 66 65 1 1 3 0 -1 -1 -3 -1 9 6 77 75 75 73 1 1 0 1 -2 0 -3 -1 3 7 48 50 53 nd 2 -2 0 nd 2 0 0 nd 16 8 61 nd 62 63 0 nd -2 0 -2 nd -2 -2 8 9 81 nd 81 80 1 nd 1 1 0 nd -2 -1 10 10 69 68 70 70 0 0 0 0 -2 -2 -3 -1 Mild 2 11 54 54 55 56 -2 -3 -2 -2 -3 -3 -3 -3 23 12 59 nd 58 60 -1 nd 0 -2 -2 nd -2 -3 12 13 71 nd 69 74 0 nd 1 0 -1 nd -1 -1 18 14 60 61 61 61 -2 -1 -2 -1 -3 -3 -3 -2 19 15 63 62 62 61 -1 0 -1 -1 -3 -3 -3 -2 6 16 65 66 66 65 0 0 0 0 -3 -3 -4 -3 4 17 61 62 61 61 -2 -1 -1 -2 -3 -2 -3 -2 24 18 71 72 71 69 0 0 0 0 -3 -2 -1 -2 None l 19 71 70 71 71 0 0 0 1 -3 -1 -1 -1 I1 20 57 nd 57 58 0 nd 0 0 3 nd 3 2 21 21 78 78 78 nd I 1 I nd -2 -3 -3 nd 7 22 70 71 70 69 0 0 0 0 -3 -3 -3 -3 14 23 69 68 67 66 0 0 0 0 -1 -2 -2 -1 20 24 67 nd 66 66 0 nd 0 0 -1 nd -1 -1 13 25 80 78 76 nd I 1 1 nd -3 -2 -2 nd Response Mean Heart Rate Mean Sympathetic Mean Parasympathetic (burp) Response Response Intense 65 63 116 65 -0.5 -0.7 2.8 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -2.0 -0.5 Moderate 67 65 68 70 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.4 -0.8 -0.8 -2.2 -1.2 Mild 63 63 63 63 -1.0 -0.8 -0.6 -1.0 -2.6 -2.7 -2.5 -2.3 None 70 73 69 66 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2 -1.4 -2.2 -1.3 -0.8 All 66 66 74 66 -0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -1.5 -1.7 -2.0 -1.4 Note: EHS categories described in text: bgrnd = background, pre=sham exposure before real exposure; MW=microwave exposure; post --sham exposure after real exposure; nd=no data The pre- and post -MW cordless phone response (SNS & PSNS) differed significantly for this group (fig. 15) with up regulation of the SNS and down regulation of the PSNS with MW exposure and the reverse for post -MW exposure suggesting a recovery phase. The severe and moderate responders had a much higher LF/HF ratio than those who either did not respond or had a mild reaction to the MW exposure from the cordless phone (fig. 16B). This indicates, yet again, a stimulation of the SNS (LF) and a down - 289 Eur. I Oncol. Library, vol. 5 Changes in Heart Rate (HR), Sympathetic (SNS) and Parasympathetic (PSNS) Tone Cordless Phone Heart Rate Variability .tet Cc y F3 C Exposure Response Cardle"Phsno '- 2A C.Hr, 8-5 mlcx6VWcm2 ( Background # Pre -exposure (placebo) Cordless Phone Exposure Q Pass -exposure (placebo) ,.. Svbioct 7. HR 70 •;71 70. 69 71 year old female --" P74 1 V6 SNS fitness scare 11-6 A o, thostatic response e Fig. 12. Subject 7: no changes in heart rate, sympathetic, and parasympathetic tone before, during, and after blind provocation with a 2.4 GHz cordless phone generating exposure of 3 to 5 microW/cm' regulation of the PSNS (HF). The up regulation was greater for LF2 than for LFI (fig. 16A). Based on self-assessment and the results from the provocation study, 2 subjects (8%) underestimated their sensitivity and 5 subjects (20%) overestimated their sensitivity to the cordless phone provocation. However, only two of the 5 claim to experience mild heart palpitations and only one of those responds "sometimes" to cordless phones. Discussion The most intriguing result in this study is that a small group of subjects responded immediately and dramatically to MW exposure generated by a digital cordless DECT phone with blinded exposure. Heart rate (HR) increased significantly for 4 subjects (16%) (10 to 93 beats per minute) and the sympathetic/parasympathetic balance changed for an additional 6 subjects (24%) while they remained in a supine position. This is the first study documenting such a dramatic change brought about immediately and lasting as long as the subject was exposed and is in sharp contrast to the provocation studies reviewed by Levallois', Rubin et al.11, and Bergqvist et al.". Authors of these reviews generally conclude that they were unable to establish a relationship between low or high frequency fields and electromagnetic hypersensitivity (EHS) or with symptoms typically occurring 290 .adw Esposvrti 0 xw, o* tv cot ; 0o,6—Phxm nrws,:e M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Changes in Heart Rate (HR), Sympathetic (SNS) and Parasympathetic (PSNS) Tone x c orthostatic avorago; supine -- upright $va}ec135''iai E.t.6�._Sk+ , , S.W d2b_ tin -di-1" „ r"t g'. SATS (ar 5a SKS PSNS 0 Subirt-117, 1f01 ,`.: • 6a, 112..: - subi—i 27:. HR '^ n _ t2 45 ._ SMS „i", ..:PSNS . +if i Fib. 13. Reactive Subjects: changes in heart rate, sympathetic, and parasympathetic tone before, during, and after blind provocation with a 2.4 GHz cordless phone that generates exposure of 3 to 5 microW/cm' among such afflicted individuals. Furthennore, several studies report no effect of mobile phones (various exposure conditions) on human HRV-parameters"-3". Our results clearly show a causal relationship between pulsed 100 Hz MW exposure and changes in the ANS that is physiological rather than psychological and that may explain at least some of the symptoms experienced by those sensitive to electromagnetic frequencies. Dysfunction of the ANS can lead to heart irregularities (arrhythmia, palpi- tations, flutter), altered blood pressure, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, sleep disturbances, profuse sweating and fainting spells, which are some of the symptoms of EHS. When the SNS (fight or flight response) is stimulated and the PSNS (rest and digest) is suppressed the body is in a state of arousal and uses more energy. If this is a constant state of affairs, the subject may become tired and may have difficulty sleeping (unable to relax because of a down regulated PSNS and/or up regulated SNS). Interestingly, Sandstrom" found a disturbed pattern of circadian rhythms of HRV and the absence of the expected HF (parasympathetic) power -spectrum component during sleep in persons who perceived themselves as being electrically hypersensitive. If the dysfunction of the ANS is intermittent it may be experienced as anxiety and/or panic attacks, and if the vagus nerve is affected it may lead to dizziness and/or nausea. Our results show that the SNS is up regulated (increase in LF) and the PSNS is down regulated (decrease in HF) for some of the subjects during provocation. The greatest 291 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 ;w« E.ryastine by P rexcora a to } ', Lal' l�aiu'a {vm�tia}. Changes in Heart Rate (HR), Sympathetic (SNS) and Parasympathetic (PSNS) Tone X . arthostatic avc!m9o, supino upright Fig. 14. Non or slightly reactive subjects: patterns of response for before, during, and after blind provo- cation Gvith a 2.4 GHz cordless phone that generates exposure of 3 to 5 microW/cm' increase is in LF2, which is the adrenal stress response, although LFI also increases. We not know the degree to which this is due to the 100 Hz pulse, the MW carrier, or their combination. Several studies lend support to our results. Lyskov et al." monitored baseline neurophysiological characteristics of 20 patients with EHS and compared them to a group of controls. They found that the observed group of patients had a trend to hypersympathotone, hyper -responsiveness to sensor stimula- tion and heightened arousal. The EHS group at rest had on average lower HR and HRV and higher LF/HF ratio than controls. We found that subjects with intense and moderate reactions to the MW provocation also had higher LF/HF ratios than those who did not respond. Kolesnyk et al, a' describes an "adverse influence of mobile phone on HRV" and Rezk et al. " reports an increase of fetal and neonatal HR and a decrease in cardiac output after exposure of pregnant women to mobile phones. Andrzejak et al." reports an increased parasympathetic tone and a decreased sympa- thetic tone after a 20 -minute telephone -call. While these results are contrary to our find- ings, the effect of speaking cannot be }pled out in Andrzejak's study. In our study the subject remained in a supine position, silent and still during the testing. 292 M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system Fig. 15. Response of 25 subjects to blind provocation by a 2.4 GHz digital cordless phone that generates exposure of 3 to 5 microW/cm' A r i 11**0-001aWVA it Yw "tobd 7'w�•r iT1"S SVF+ ��'n9 �°"`*: Cl LF2 IM LFI HF 1 x.xx B tf-?3tY ila ntr fs9epwue4 kYrC"asure ar+d #nttr,xaiy # 1iKfliQ!! Pre -Exposure Cardless Phone Past -Exposure Fig, 16. A. Mean high frequency (parasympathetic) and low frequency (sympathetic) spectral distribu- tion as a function of response intensity of 25 subjects exposed to a 2.4 GI-Iz cordless phone. B. Low fre- quency (LF1 + LF2) to high frequency (HF) ratio for different exposures Workers of radio broadcasting stations have an increased risk of disturbances in blood pressure and heart rhythm. They have a lower daily heart rate, a decreased HR vari- ability, higher incidences of increased blood pressure and disturbances in parameters of 293 Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 diurnal rhythrns of blood pressure and HR -all of no clinical significance, but showing a certain dysregulation of autonomic cardiac control"-". Bortkiewicz et al." reported that exposure to AM radio frequency EMF within hygienic standards affects the functions of the ANS of workers. Workers had higher frequency of abnormalities in resting and 24-h ECG than controls and an increased number of heart rhytlun disturbances (ventricular premature beats). As in our study, RF exposure was associated with a reduced HF power spectrum suggesting that the EMF field reduce the influence of the PSNS on circulatory function. Several studies report changes in blood pressure with electromagnetic exposure 50, '' Others show an increase of oxidative stress and a decrease of antioxidative defense - systems in heart -tissue irradiated with 2.45 GHz and 900 MHz respectively`l `I. Still others show a stress -response reaction following exposure to radio frequency radiation either in the form of heat shock proteins (hsp) or changes in enzymatic activity. Irradia- tion of rats with a low -intensity -field (0.2-20 MHz) resulted in an increase of myocar- dial hsp7014. Similarly 1.71 GHz MW exposure increased hsp70 in p53 -deficient embry- onic stem cells". Abramov and Merkulova" report pulsed EMFs increase the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase in the animal heart, which suppresses the parasympa- thetic and allows the sympathetic to dominate. Most of the studies on humans, that did not show any effects of MW radiation in some of the studies mentioned above, were conducted with young, healthy subjects, giving rise to the question whether the experiments would have yielded different results with subjects with a "higher level of pathologic pre -load" and thus fewer possibilities to acutely compensate the possible stressor of radiation. The studies on work -exposure to MW radiation were able to show different levels of effects on the cardiovascular system, and this could be interpreted as the necessity to remain regularly, repeatedly, and for a longer time under the influence of a certain EMF exposure, hence pointing out the great importance of the electromagnetic exposures in the work and home environment. Perhaps only chronic exposure to MW -EMF can influ- ence various rhythms (e.g. cardiovascular biorhytluns) sufficiently to cause detectable effects. Perhaps it is these individuals who become EHS and then respond to stressors if they have sufficient energy to mount a reaction. In our study, half of those tested claimed to be moderately to extremely sensitive to electromagnetic energy and they ranged in age from 37 to 79 years old. The symptoms they identified are similar to those reported elsewhere and include poor short-term memory, difficulty concentrating, eye problems, sleep disorder, feeling unwell, headache, dizziness, tinnitus, chronic fatigue, and heart palpitations2 7 ". The common devices attributed to stress generation included fluorescent lights, antennas, cell phones, Wi-Fi, and cordless phones. The last 4 items all emit MW radia- tion. Many of those claiming to have EHS also had food allergies, mold/pollen/dust aller- gies and were chemically sensitive. With so many other sensitivities it is difficult to determine whether the sensitivity to electromagnetic energy is a primary disorder attrib- utable to high and/or prolonged EM exposures or a secondary disorder brought about by an impaired immune system attributable to other stressors. Interestingly, the younger participants (37 to 58) displayed the most intense responses presumably because they were healthy enough to mount a response to a stressor. Those who did not respond to the MW exposure were either not sensitive, or they had a low adaptive capacity coupled with a poor fitness score and did not have enough energy to 294 M. Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system mount a reaction. Orthostatic HRV combined with provocation monitoring may help distinguish these three types of responses (sensitive, not sensitive, non-responsive reac- tors). The term EHS was deemed to imply that a causal relationship has been established between the reported symptoms and ENIF exposure and for that reason the WHO' has labeled EHS as Idiopathic Environnnental Intolerance (IEI) to indicate that it is an acquired disorder with multiple recurrent symptoms, associated with diverse environ- mental factors tolerated by the majority of people, and not explained by any known medical, psychiatric or psychological disorder. We think this labeling needs to be changed especially in light of this study. Conclusions The orthostatic HRV provides information about the adaptive capacity of an indi- vidual based on fitness score and on the state of the SNS and PSNS. A person with high adaptive capacity is unlikely to respond to a stressor (because they are highly adaptive) but if they do respond the response is likely to be intense. Orthostatic HRV was able to predict the intensity of the response much better than the probability of a response to a stressor, which in this case was a 2.4 GHz digital cordless phone that generated a power density of 3 to 5 microW/cmz. Forty percent of those tested responded to the HRV provocation. Some experienced tachycardia, which corresponded to an up regulation of their SNS and a down regulation of their PSNS (increase in LF/HF ratio). This was deemed a severe response when the HR in supine subjects increased by 10 to 93 beats per minute during blinded exposure. HR returned to normal during sham exposure for all subjects tested. In total, 16% had a severe response, 24% had a moderate response (changes in SNS and/or PSNS but no change in HR); 32% had a slight response; and 28% were non -responders. Some of the non -responders were either highly adaptive (not sensitive) or non -responding reactors (not enough energy to mount a reaction). A few reactors bad a potentiated reaction, such that their reaction increased with repeated exposure, while others showed re -regulation with repeated exposure. These data show that HRV can be used to demonstrate a physiological response to a pulsed 100 Hz MW stressor. For some the response is extreme (tachycardia), for others moderate to mild (changes in SNS and/or PSNS), and for some there is no observable reaction because of high adaptive capacity or because of systemic neurovegetative exhaustion. Our results show that MW radiation affects the ANS and may put some indi- viduals with pre-existing heart conditions at risk when exposed to electromagnetic radi- ation to which they are sensitive. This study provides scientific evidence that some individuals may experience arrhythmia, heart palpitations, heart flutter, or rapid heartbeat and/or vasovagal symp- toms such as dizziness, nausea, profuse sweating and syncope when exposed to electro- magnetic devices. 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Havas, et al: Microwave radiation affects autonomic nervous system APPENDIX A: Summary of data based on blind assessment. nyn n mx • nyv .,�ea(e tsp4 'upa U tnp 4 sizmq 3 <.*x>•a �.sswcde ,ocaun ,v,2,...s r..ofaga rrode,au mea f !fit<r Lvti YnM' �Cw. 16Y 6txF krtOF- V ;n it I 27 z9 29 30 Notes: 1 Electrohypersensitivity (EHS) response categories are based on HR = heart rate; SNS = sympathetic nervous system; PSNS = parasympathetic nervous system. 2 EI -IS was ranked based on changes in IIR and, changes in the SNS and PSNS during exposure to microwave (MW) radiation. 3 Self-assessment of sensitivity based on questionnaire response. 4 Cardiovascular (CV) Tone is based on the HR times the sum of the systolic and diastolic blood pres- sure; values at I or lower are hypotonic and values at 5 are hypertonic. 5 httensity of reaction (IOR); adaptive capacity (AC), which is 6 - non adaptive capacity (NAC); and probability of reaction (POR) are based on the orthostatic heart rate variability (HRV) results and are described in the text. 6 Subjects were exposed to MW radiation at different stages. Stages in parentheses were not used in the study as they reflect multiple exposures with interference from other agents. 7 Blind assessment was based on the HRV during continuous monitoring with real and sham expo- sure to MW radiation front a 2.4 GHz digital cordless phone radiating and at a power density between 3 and 5 microW/cnr'. 8 Excellent subject. 9 Symptomatic at stage 3, parasympathetic rally begins to recovery but feels anxiety, stage 3 faint or dizziness predicted. Decent Chronotropic Myocardial Reaction Index (ChMR) and vascular compensation reaction (VC). Middle of bell curve. 10 The healthier a subject the more likely the reaction. This person has the energy to become sympto- matic. I 1 Mildly inflamed. Mildly fatigued but highly adaptive. ChMR and VC good. Has ability to react. 12 Adaptive person. Could use Mg and/or K based on high standing HR. 13 Has plenty of energy. Moderate response due to weakening. Stage 7 body re -regulating from expo- sure. 14 Shows a weakening reaction (down regulation of SNS). Positive reactor. Very healthy for age. Highly adaptive geriatric. 15 Lot of adaptive capacity. If she is exposed her reaction would be a fairly strong reaction. F HRV Achrat cean,xsm 8frr.•1 ASYc4Yrc+Cnf £?sS S.�oe� .tiS c;t5 vi iGR tit; FGR Sagas HR s't5 'r5?ds sispes s!ag- PGA iOR G`'a`E a',tkC �" TC?E i:.rwsed Exmr'r1 shp.�+.q Av?-eat ika; Case Gadz rcaai�n Coda 3.3 3, s s hgn to ca;+erns 4? 2 cosy 3 35 35 30 3:5(d) 54 4 d 3,5,6 3,5 ,6 45 tsx»2?ate 50 t5 3,5,6(7.81 45 4 .5 9.8,6,7 3.5. Ck7 5 rcamretv:o +4En4@ 27 a i ? air '3 D 3 5 2 415 6) 10 0 i 2, k', 5 2.8.6 5 mta 5 �.ixia �'e c 4(f 35 3.5 3,5 D _ -2 3.5 3.5 5 m�crata to nr�s 3 d ud-i k,,x 2 35 d 5 2 0 3, 5. 6. 8 0 ! -3 3, 5.6 3, 5.6 3 7 6_A -0 40 10 3-, 4 3 2 0 3 3 3, 4 4 gate vary 40 d0 35 2,4,8 f 2 G 2 2 ms3 k 5 9 r>ai 5 25 45 4.5 2.3 6 0 2,4 2-d t "M .0 4it'A' 2 35 3 0 3 0 3 {T, A. 9) ., G -i 3. T,6,9 3 nn`d, TAR 5 r.r�n tx 2 t} -2 ? 0 10 35 3. 4. i G 'rnu',Nt uE2. Arte 1.75 mLo 23 to isle i s 0 15 45 2,4(5.6) 1 0 6 2. tl 7 ni5f n mcieratr 12 13 40 d0 25 2..3is) _ s 0 3 3,4 ,5 3 m?a 5, m>7erate t9}a a.�nts sa2 5 25 d5 r, 0 3 3 isa - 18 '8 4 20 25 30 C. 2.4 2,4 3 m:�s s�=waera2� 6 t5 + iy 35 20 45 3,4 0 0 .i 2 Z Z iriC dti_k 1 20 t6 40 3.4 1 0 $,4 4.5 ?25 �wie:Xo 25 30 40 30 3.`.• 0 ! 2,4^6 2,4.5 25 fry 75 do ;t k^a+. J5 35 35 3.4 1 0 0 3,4 d,5 1 ma :7 iA rot 1 1 0 5 0 f _5 7. 4.6 G 0 0 3 3 ! cr:^cddmsit. a 21 2f :.Wtc 3 28 2d 55 8(d, S) U d G 2,5 2,5 S rancmrFt-a al 2 'Y` •S 4.0 a,4 .T 0 0 uacmm� sxnom 3.5 rn+:! Y� 1v1 k", 25 1 30 3„4 .! 0 G ? 2, 3,4 175 1'4 :G 24 iY,Y.. s 35 40 4: 2 -t D 0 4'�nssRY ST 0 ! msd 13 4 3, 259 G 3, d -2 ti 0 urtsnavn ur.mm� 1 rru3 nyn n mx • nyv .,�ea(e tsp4 'upa U tnp 4 sizmq 3 <.*x>•a �.sswcde ,ocaun ,v,2,...s r..ofaga rrode,au mea f !fit<r Lvti YnM' �Cw. 16Y 6txF krtOF- V ;n it I 27 z9 29 30 Notes: 1 Electrohypersensitivity (EHS) response categories are based on HR = heart rate; SNS = sympathetic nervous system; PSNS = parasympathetic nervous system. 2 EI -IS was ranked based on changes in IIR and, changes in the SNS and PSNS during exposure to microwave (MW) radiation. 3 Self-assessment of sensitivity based on questionnaire response. 4 Cardiovascular (CV) Tone is based on the HR times the sum of the systolic and diastolic blood pres- sure; values at I or lower are hypotonic and values at 5 are hypertonic. 5 httensity of reaction (IOR); adaptive capacity (AC), which is 6 - non adaptive capacity (NAC); and probability of reaction (POR) are based on the orthostatic heart rate variability (HRV) results and are described in the text. 6 Subjects were exposed to MW radiation at different stages. Stages in parentheses were not used in the study as they reflect multiple exposures with interference from other agents. 7 Blind assessment was based on the HRV during continuous monitoring with real and sham expo- sure to MW radiation front a 2.4 GHz digital cordless phone radiating and at a power density between 3 and 5 microW/cnr'. 8 Excellent subject. 9 Symptomatic at stage 3, parasympathetic rally begins to recovery but feels anxiety, stage 3 faint or dizziness predicted. Decent Chronotropic Myocardial Reaction Index (ChMR) and vascular compensation reaction (VC). Middle of bell curve. 10 The healthier a subject the more likely the reaction. This person has the energy to become sympto- matic. I 1 Mildly inflamed. Mildly fatigued but highly adaptive. ChMR and VC good. Has ability to react. 12 Adaptive person. Could use Mg and/or K based on high standing HR. 13 Has plenty of energy. Moderate response due to weakening. Stage 7 body re -regulating from expo- sure. 14 Shows a weakening reaction (down regulation of SNS). Positive reactor. Very healthy for age. Highly adaptive geriatric. 15 Lot of adaptive capacity. If she is exposed her reaction would be a fairly strong reaction. F Eur. J. Oncol. Library, vol. 5 16 Has diminished energy capacity (11:6). This person doesn't have enough energy to have a robust response. 17 Potentiated reactor, time sensitive, couldn't tolerate re -exposure. If she reacts it will be moderately strong because of ChMR. Needs minerals for VC factor slowed her down. 18 May be on heart medication. Cardiac rate and rhythm non -adaptive. CV tone hypertonic. 19 Any neurological insult will be met with a hard reaction since she has inverted response when she stands up. 20 If reactor, it will be strong because of ChMR strong. Highly adaptive capability and reserve. Slow VC could be mineral or vitamin D deficiency. 21 Don't have a strong PSNS resistance. Reactivity is based on inability to go parasympathetic, and then they will go more sympathetic if they have the energy to do so. No energy. Either a delayed reaction or a weak reaction. 22 Afibrillation, palpitations of heart probable. Strong girl. 11:6 fitness is OK for a person this age. 23 May have dental problems based on S/P response. Neurologically compromised. 24 Neurologically compromised. May be overmedicated on CV drug. 25 Strong gal. Decent reserve capacity but temporary fatigue. Doesn't feel bad but poor health for her age. 26 Normal reaction to stress, mild non-toxic reaction. Potential for reaction: moderately high because of the 10.4 but may tolerate an amount of exposure before they react because of the reserve capa- bilities. 27 Ridiculously healthy. Poster boy for his age. Ile can take a lot based on fitness of 6:5. 28 Lower end of bell curve. Doesn't have energy to react although may be symptomatic. 29 Either highly adaptive or non-reactive. Orthostatic response indicates that person doesn't have enough energy to have a robust response. 30 Normal CV tone for age, Decent Tension Index (TI). Good geriatric pattern. If she reacts it would be moderate to mild. 31 Strong girl. Has strong adrenal capacity. If she reacts it will be strong. May have chronic fatigue. 32 Moderate inflammation. Tired and has low adaptive reserve. If stressor comes along it will produce more stress. If reacting it would be medium. 300 369 Biological effects from exposure to electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell tower base stations and other antenna arrays B. Blake Levitt and Henry Lai [Traduit par la R6daction] Received 30 April 2010. Accepted 6 August 2010. Published on the NRC Research Press Web site at er.nrc.ca on 5 November 2010 B.B. Levitt.r P.O. Box 2014, New Preston, CT 06777, USA. IH. Lai. Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, LISA. tCorresponding author (e-mail: blakelevit@cs.com; bb1353355@gmail.coin). Environ. Rev. 18: 369-39.5 (2010) doi:10.1 139/A 10-018 Published by NRC Research Press Abstract: The siting of cellular phone base stations and other cellular infrastructure such as roof -mounted antenna arrays, especially in residential neighborhoods, is a contentious subject in land -use regulation. Local resistance from nearby resi- dents and landowners is often based on fears of adverse health effects despite reassurances from telecommunications serv- ice providers that international exposure standards will be followed. Both anecdotal reports and some epidemiology studies C__ have found headaches, skin rashes, sleep disturbances, depression, decreased libido, increased rates of suicide, concentra- ❑ c tion problems, dizziness. memory changes, increased risk of cancer, tremors, and other neurophysiological effects in popu- r lations near base stations. The objective of this paper is to review the existing studies of people living or working near cellular infrastructure and other pertinent studies that could apply to long-term, low-level radiofrequency radiation (.RFR) c exposures. While specific epidemiological research in this area is sparse and contradictory, and such exposures are difficult. N to quantify given the increasing background levels of RFR from myriad personal consumer products, some research does exist to warrant caution in inTrastruc ere sr mg.Further cpidemio ogy researc r t ai-Ii t tames total"amtiicnt RFR exposures into "l consideration is warranted. Symptoms reported today may be classic microwave sickness, first described in 1978. Non - ionizing electromagnetic fields are among the fastest growing forms ofenv poIlutron. ome extrap6Iations can C, lir am de from research other than epidemiology regarding biological effects from exposures at levels far below current exposure guidelines. aC) Keys wads: radiofrequency radiation (RFR), antenna arrays, cellular phone base stations, microwave sickness, nonionizing electromagnetic fields, environmental pollution. R6sunr6 : La localisation des stations de base pour telephones cellulaires of autres infrastructures cellulaires, comme les installations d'antennes sur les toitures, surtout dans les quartiers residentiels, constitue un sujet litigieux d'utilisation du territoire. La resistance locale de la part des r6sidents et propri6taires fonciers limitrophes repose souvent sur les craintes o d'effets adverses pour la sant6, en d6pit des reassurances versant des fournisseurs de services de 06communication, a ?1" 1'effet qu'ils appliquent les standards internationaux d'exposition. En plus de rapports auwecdotiques, certaines Etudes 6pide- miologiques font Etat de maux de tete, d'6ruption cutan6e, de perturbation du sommeil, de d6pression, de diminution de li- bido, d'augmentations du taux de suicide, de problemes de concentration, de vertiges, d'alt6ration de la m6moire, d'augmentation du risque de cancers, de tr6mulations et autres effets neurophysiologiques, dans les populations vivant au ovoisinage des stations de base. Les auteurs r6visent fci les Etudes existantes portant sur les gens, vivant on travaillant pros d'infrastructures cellulaires on autres Etudes pertinentes qui pourraient s'appliquer aux expositions a long terme a la radia- tion de radiofr6quence de faible intensit6 << RFR ». Bien quo la recherche 6pid6miologique sp6citique dans cc domain Boit rare et contradictoire, et que de telles expositions soient difficiles a quantifier compte tenu des degr6s croissants du e� bruit de fond des RFR provenant de produits de myriades de consonmiateurs personnels, it existe certaines recherches qui justifient la prudence dans I'installation des infrastructures. Les futures etudes 6pid6miologiques sont n6cessaires afrn de C) prendre on compte la totalit6 des expositions a la RFR ambiante. Les sympt6mes rapport6s jusqu'ici pourraient correspon- dre a la maladie classique des micro-ondes, d6crite pour la premiere fois en 1975. Les champs 6lectromagn6tiques non-io W nisants constituent les formes de pollution env ironnementale croissant le plus rapidement. On pout effeetuer certaines extrapolations a partir de recherches autres qu'6pidetniologiques concernant les effets biologiques d'expositions a des de- er6s bier au-dessous des directives internationales. Mats -cies : radiofr6quence de faible intensit6 << RFR », les installations d'antennes, des stations do base pour t616phones cellulaires, la maladie classique des micro-ondes, les champs 61ectromagn6tiques non-ionisants, pollution environnementale. [Traduit par la R6daction] Received 30 April 2010. Accepted 6 August 2010. Published on the NRC Research Press Web site at er.nrc.ca on 5 November 2010 B.B. Levitt.r P.O. Box 2014, New Preston, CT 06777, USA. IH. Lai. Department of Bioengineering, Box 355061, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, LISA. tCorresponding author (e-mail: blakelevit@cs.com; bb1353355@gmail.coin). Environ. Rev. 18: 369-39.5 (2010) doi:10.1 139/A 10-018 Published by NRC Research Press �r Wei 1. Introduction Wireless technologies are ubiquitous today. According to the European Information Technology Observatory, an in- dustry -funded organization in Germany, the threshold of 5.1. billion cell phone users worldwide will be reached by the end of 2010 — up from 3.3 billion in 2007. That number is expected to increase by another 10% to 5.6 billion in 2011, out of a total worldwide population of 6.5 billion.' In 2010, cell phone subscribers in the U.S. numbered 287 million, Russia 220 million, Germany 111 million, Italy 87 million, Great Britain 81 million, France 62 million, and Spain 57 million. Growth is strong throughout Asia and in South America but especially so in developing countries where landline systems were never fully established. The investment firm Bank of America Merril -Lynch esti- mated that the worldwide penetration of mobile phone cus- tomers is twice that of landline customers today and that America has the highest minutes of use per month per user.3 Today, 94% of Americans live in counties with four or more wireless service providers, plus 99%n of Americans live in counties where next. generation, 3G (third genera- tion), 4G (fourth generation), and broadband services are available. All of this capacity requires an extensive infra- structure that the industry continues to build in the U.S., despite a 93% wireless penetration of the total U.S. popula- tion.4 Next generation services are continuing to drive the build- out of both new infrastructure as well as adaptation of pre- existing sites. According to the industry, these are an esti- mated 251 618 cell sites in the U.S. today, up from 19 844 in 1995.4 There is no comprehensive data for antennas hid- den inside of buildings but one industry -maintained Web site (www.antennasearch.com), allows people to type in an address and all antennas within a 3 mile (I mile = 1.6 km) area will come up. There are hundreds of thousands in the U.S. alone. People are increasingly abandoning landline systems in favor of wireless communications. One estimate in 2006 found that 4217o of all wireless subscribers used their wire- less phone as their primary phone. According to the Na- tional Center for Health Statistics of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control (CDC), by the second half of 2008, one in every five American households had no landlines but did have at least one wireless phone (Department of Health and Human Services 2008). The figures reflected a 2.7% in- crease over the first half of 2008 — the largest jump since the CDC began tracking such data in 2003, and represented a total of 20.2% of the U.S. population — a figure that co- incides with industry estimates of 24.50% of completely wireless households in 2010.-5 The CDC also found that ap- proximately 18.7% of all children, nearly 14 million, lived in households with only wireless phones. The CDC further found that one in every seven American homes, 14.5% of the population, received all or almost all of their calls via Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 wireless phones, even when there was a landline in the home. They called these "wireless-niostly households." The trend away from landline phones is obviously in- creasing as wireless providers market their services specifi- cally toward a mobile customer, particularly younger adults who readily embrace new technologies. One study (Silke et al. 2010) in Germany found that children from lower socio- economic backgrounds not only owned more cell phones than children from higher economic groups, but also used their cell phones more often — as determined by the test groups' wearing of personal dosimetry devices. This was the first study to track such data and it found an interesting contradiction to the assumption that higher socioeconomic groups were the largest users of cell services. At one time, cell phones were the status symbol of the wealthy. Today, it is also a status symbol of lower socioeconomic groups. The CDC found in their survey discussed above that 65.3% of adults living in poverty or living near poverty were more likely than higher income adults to be living in households with wireless only telephones. There may be multiple rea- sons for these findings, including a shift away from cell phone dialogues to texting in younger adults in higher socio- economic categories. In some developing countries where landline systems have never been fully developed outside of urban centers, cell phones are the only means of communication. Cellular technology, especially the new 3G, 4G, and broadband serv- ices that allow wireless communications for real-time voice communication, text messaging, photos, Internet connec- tions, music and video downloads, and TV viewing, is the fastest growing segment of many economies that arein oth- erwise sharp decline due to the global economic downturn. There is some indication that although the cellular phone markets for many European countries are more mature than in the U.S., people there may be maintaining their landline use while augmenting with mobile phone capability. This may be a consequence of the more robust media coverage regarding health and safety issues of wireless technology in the European press, particularly in the UK, as well as rec- ominendations by European governments like France and Germanv6 that citizens not abandon their landline phones or wired computer systems because of safety concerns. Accord- ing to OfCom's 2008 Coll rninii,cations Market Interim Re- port (OfCom 2008), which provided information up to December 2007, approximately 86% of UK adults use cell phones. While four out: of five households have both cell phones and landlines, only II% use cell phones exclusively, a total down from 28% noted by this group in 2005. In addi- tion, 44% of UK adults use text messaging on a daily basis. Fixed landline services fell by 9% in 2007 but: OfCom notes that landline services continue to be strong despite the fact that mobile services also continued to grow by 16%. This indicates that people are continuing to use both landlines and wireless technology rather than choosing one over the other in the UK. There were 51300 UK base station sites in 2http://Nvww.eito.conVpi-essiiiformation_20,100811.htm. (Accessed October 2010.) 3 http://www.etia.org/advocacy/researchlindex.efiiVAID/10377. (Accessed October 2010.) ahttp://www.etia.org/advocacy/research/iiidex.cfiiVAID/10323. (Accessed October 2010.) 5littp://www.etia.org,/advocacy/research/index.cfm/AID/10323. (Accessed October 2010.) 61ittp://www.iceius.eu/docs/detitscher_bundestag.pdf' and littp://www.icems.eii/docs/resolutions/EP_EMF_resolution_2APR09.pdf. (Accessed October 2010.) Published by NRC Research Press Levitt and Lai the beginning of. 2009 (two-thirds installed on existing buildings or structures) with an estimated 52900 needed to accommodate new 3G and 4G services by the end of 2009.- Clearly, this is an enormous global industry. Yet, no money has ever been appropriated by the industry in the U.S., or by any U.S. government agency, to study the poten- tial health effects on people living near the infrastructure. The most recent research has all come from outside of the U.S. According to the CTIA — The Wireless Association, "If the wireless telecom industry were a country, its econ- omy would be bigger than that of Egypt, and, if measured by GNP (gross national product), [it] would rank as the 46th largest country in the world." They further say, "It took more than 21 years for color televisions to reach 100 million consumers, more than 90 years for landline service to reach 100 million consumers, and less than 17 years for wireless to reach 100 million consumers."7 hr lieu of building new cell towers, some municipalities are licensing public utility poles throughout urban areas for Wi-Fi antennas that allow wireless Internet access. These systems can require hundreds of antennas in close proximity to the population with some exposures at a lateral height where second- and third -storey windows face antennas. Most of these systems are categorically excluded from regu- lation by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) or oversight by government agencies because they operate below a certain power density threshold. However, power density is not the only factor determining biological effects from radiofrequency radiation (IZFIZ). In addition, when the U.S. and other countries perma- nently changed from analog signals used for television trans- mission to newer digital formats, the old analog frequencies were reallocated for use by municipal set -vices such as po- lice. fire, and emergency medical dispatch, as well as to pri- vate telecornnunications companies wanting to expand their networks and services. This creates another significant in- crease in ambient background exposures. Wi-Max is another wireless service in the wings that will broaden wireless capabilities further and place additional towers and (or) transmitters in close proximity to the popu- lation in addition to what is already in existence. Wi-Max aims to make wireless Internet access universal without ty- ing the user to a specific location or "hotspot." The rollout of Wi-Max in the U.S., which began in 2009, uses lower frequencies at high power densities than currently used by cellular phone transmission. Many in science and the activist communities are worried, especially those concerrned about electromagnetic -hypersensitivity syndrome (EHS). It remains to be seen what additional exposures "smart grid" or "smart meter" technology proposals to upgrade the electrical powerline transmission systems will entail regard- ing total ambient RFR increases, but it will add another ubiquitous low-level layer. Some of the largest corporations on earth, notably Siemens and General Electric, are in- volved. Smart grids are being built out in some areas of the U.S. and in Canada and throughout Europe. That technology plans to alter certain aspects of powerline utility metering from a wired system to a partially wireless one. The systems require a combination of wireless transmitters attached to 371 homes and businesses that will send radio signals of approx- imately 1 W output in the 2.4000-2.4835 GHz range to lo- cal "access point" transceivers, which will then relay the signal to a further distant information center (Tell 2008). Access point antennas will require additional power density and will be capable of interfacing with frequencies between 900 MHz and 1.9 GHz. Most signals will be intermittent, operating between 2 to 33 seconds per hour. Access points will be mounted on utility poles as well as on free-standing towers. The systerns will form wide area networks (WANs), capable of covering whole towns and counties through a combination of "mesh -like" networks from house to house. Some meters installed on private homes will also act as 1.rismission relays, boosting signals from more distant buildings in a neighborhood. Eventually, WANs will be completely linked. Smart grid technology also proposes to allow homeowners to attach additional RFR devices to existing indoor applian- ces, to track power use, with die intention of reducing usage during peak hours. Manufacturers like General Electric are already making appliances with transmitters embedded in them. Many new appliances will be incapable of having transmitters deactivated without disabling the appliance and the warranty. People will be able to access their home appli- ances remotely by cell phone. The WANs smart grids de- scribed earlier in the text differ significantly from the current upgrades that many utility companies have initiated within recent years that already use. low-power RFR meters attached to homes and businesses. Those first generation RFR meters transmit to a mobile van that travels through an area and "collects" the information on a regular billing cycle. Smart grids do away with the van and the meter reader and work off of a centralized RFR antenna system capable of blanketing whole regions with RFR. Another new technology in the wings is broadband over powerlines (BPL). It was approved by the U.S. FCC in 2007 and some systems have already been built out. Critics of the latter technology warned during the approval process that radiofrequency interference could occur in homes and businesses and those warnings have proven accurate. BPI, technology couples radiofrequency bands with extremely low frequency (ELF) bands that travel over powerline infra- structure, thereby creating a multi -frequency field designed to extend some distance from the lines themselves. Such couplings follow the path of conductive material, including secondary distribution lines, into people's homes. There is no doubt that wireless technologies are popular with consumers and businesses alike, but all of this requires an extensive infrastructure to function. Infrastructure typi cally consists of freestanding towers (either preexisting tow- ers to which cell antennas can be mounted, or new towers specifically built for cellular service), and myriad methods of placing transceiving antennas near the service being called for by users. This includes attaching antenna panels to the sides of buildings as well as roof -mountings; antennas hidden inside church steeples, barn silos, elevator shafts, and any number of other "stealth sites." It also includes camou- flaging towers to look like trees indigenous to areas where they are placed, e.g., pine trees in northern climates, cacti 7CTIA website: http://www.etia.org/advocay/research/inclex.cfin/AID/10385. (Accessed 9 December 2008.) Published by NRC Research Press K G w" 372 in deserts, and palm trees in temperate zones, or as chim- neys, flagpoles, silos, or other tall structures (Rinebold 2001). Often the rationale for stealth antenna placement or camouflaging of towers is based on the aesthetic concerns of host communities. An aesthetic emphasis is often the only perceived control of a municipality, particularly in countries like America where there is an overriding federal preemption that pre- cludes taking flee "environmental effects" of RFR into con- sideration in cell tower siting as stipulated in Section 704 of The Telecommunications Act of 1996 (USFCC 1996). Citi- zen resistance, however, is most often based on health con- cerns regarding the safety of RFR exposures to those who live near the infrastructure. Many citizens, especially those who claim to be hypersensitive to electromagnetic fields, state they would rather know where the antennas are and that hiding them greatly complicates society's ability to monitor for safety.s Industry representatives try to reassure communities that facilities are many orders of magnitude below what is al- lowed for exposure by standards -setting boards and studies bear that out (Cooper et al. 2006; Henderson and Ban -ay 2006; Bornkessel et al. 2007). These include standards by the International Commission on Non -Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) used throughout Europe, Canada, and elsewhere (ICNIRP 1998). The standards currently adopted by the U.S. FCC, which uses a two-tiered system of recom- mendations put out by the National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) for civilian exposures (referred to as un- controlled environments), and the International Electricians and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) for professional exposures (referred to as controlled enviromments) (U.S. FCC 1997). The U.S. may eventually adopt standards closer to ICNIRP. The current U.S. standards are more protective than IC- NIRP's in some frequency ranges so any harmonization to- ward the ICNIRP standards will make the U.S. limits more lenient. All of the standards currently in place are based on RFRs ability to heat tissue, called thermal effects. A longstanding criticism, going back to the 1950s (Levitt 1995), is that such acute heating effects do not take potentially more subtle non -thermal effects into consideration. And based on the number of citizens who have tried to stop cell towers from being installed in their neighborhoods, laypeople in many countries do not find adherence to exisitng standards valid in addressing health concerns. Therefore, infrastructure sit- ing does not have the confidence of the public (Levitt 1998). 2. A changing industry Cellular. phone technology has changed significantly over the last two decades. The first wireless systems began in the mid-1980s and used analog signals in the 850-900 MHz range. Because those wavelengths were longer, infrastruc- ture was needed on average every 8 to 10 miles apart. Then carne the digital personal communications systems (PCS) in the late 1990s. which used higher frequencies, around 1900 GHz, and digitized signals. The PCS systems, using shorter wavelengths and with more stringent exposure guide - Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 lines, require infrastructure approximately every I to 3 miles apart. Digital signals work on a binary method, mimicking a wave that allows any frequency to be split in several ways, thereby carrying more information far beyond just voice messages. Today's 3G network can send photos and download music and video directly onto a cell phone screen or iPod. The new 4G systems digitize and recycle some of the older fre- quencies in the 700 to 875 MHz bands to create another service for wireless Internet. access. The 4G network does not require a customer who wants to log on wirelessly to lo- cate a "hot spot" as is the case with private Wi-Fi systems. Today's Wi-Fi uses a network of small antennas, creating coverage of a small area of 100 ft (-30 m) or so at homes or businesses. Wi-fi can also create a small wireless com- puter system in a school where they are often called wireless local area networks (WLANs). Whole cities can make Wi-Fi available by mounting antennas to utility poles. Large-scale Wi-Fi systems have come under increasing opposition from citizens concerned about health issues who have legally blocked such installations (Antenna Free Union"). Small-scale Wi-Fi. has also come under more scru- tiny as governments in France and throughout Europe have banned such installations in libraries and schools, based on precautionary principles (REFLEX Program 2004). 3. Cell towers in perspective: some definitions Cell towers are considered low-power installations when compared to many other commercial uses of radiofrequency energy. Wireless transmission for radio, television (TV). sat- ellite communications, police and military radar, federal homeland security systems, emergency response networks, and many other applications all emit RFR, sometimes at millions of watts of effective radiated power (ERP). Cellular facilities, by contrast, use a few hundred watts of ERP per channel, depending on the use being called for at any given time and the number of service providers co -located at any given tower. No matter what the use, once emitted, RFR travels through space at the speed of light and oscillates during propagation. The number of titres the wave oscillateq in one second determines its frequency. Radiofrequency radiation covers a large segment of the electromagnetic spectrum and falls within the nonionizing bands. Its frequency ranges between 10 kHz to 300 GHz; 1 Hz = 1 oscillation per second; 1 kHz = 1000 Hz; 1 MHz = 1000 000 Hz; and 1 GHz = 1000 000 000 Hz. Different frequencies of RFR are used in different appli- cations. Some examples include the frequency range of 540 to 1600 kHz used in AM radio transmission; and 76 to 108 MHz used for FM radio. Cell -phone technology uses frequencies between 800 MHz and 3 GH..z. The RFR of 2450 MHz is used in some Wi-Fi applications and micro- wave cooking. Any signal can be digitized. All of the new telecommuni- cations technologies are digitized and in the U.S., all TV is 9 See, for example, www.radiitioni-esearch.org. (Accessed October 2010.) 9llttp://www.antennafrecunion.org/. (Accessed October 2010.) Published by NRC Research Press Levitt and Lai broadcast in 100% digital formats — digital television (DTV) and high definition television (HDTV). The old ana- log TV signals, primarily in the 700 MHz ranges, will now be recycled and relicensed for other applications to addi- tional users, creating additional layers of ambient exposures. The intensity of RFR is generally measured and noted in scientific literature in watts per square meter (W/m2); milli - watts per square centimetre (mW/cm'-), or microwatts per square centimetre (lr,W/em'-). All are energy relationships that exist in space. However, biological effects depend on how much of the energy is absorbed in the body of a living organism, not just what exists in space. 4. Specific absorption rate (SAR) Absorption of RFR depends on many factors including the transmission frequency and the power density, one's dis- tance from the radiating source, and one's orientation to- ward the radiation of the system. Other factors include the size, shape, mineral and water content of an organism. Chil- dren absorb energy differently than adults because of differ- ences in their anatomies and tissue composition. Children are not just "little adults". For this reason, and because their bodies are still developing, children may be more suscepti- ble to damage from cell phone radiation. For instance, radi- ation from a cell phone penetrates deeper into the head of children (Gandhi et al. 1996; Wiart et al. 2008) and certain tissues of a child's head, e.g., the bone marrow and the eye, absorb significantly more energy than those in an adult head (Christ et al. 2010). The same can be presumed for proxim- ity to towers, even though exposure will be lower from tow- ers under most circumstances than from cell phones. This is because of the distance from the source. The transmitter is placed directly against the head during cell phone use whereas proximity to a cell tower will be an ambient expo- sure at a distance. There is little- difference between cell phones and the do- mestic cordless phones used today. Both use similar fre- quencies and involve a transmitter placed against the head. But the newer digitally enhanced cordless technology (DELT) cordless domestic phones transmit a constant signal even when the phone is not in use, unlike the older domestic cordless phones. But some DECT brands are available that stop transmission if the mobile units are placed in their docking station. The term used to describe the absorption of RFR in the body is specific absorption rate (SAR), which is the rate of energy that is actually absorbed by a unit of tissue. Specific absorption rates (SARs) are generally expressed in watts per kilogram (W/kg) of tissue. The SAR measurements are aver- aged either over the whole body, or over a small volume of tissue, typically between 1 and 10 g of tissue. The SAR is used to quantify energy absorption to fields typically be- tween 100 kHz and 10 GHz and encompasses RFR from de- vices such as cellular phones up through diagnostic MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Specific absorption rates are a more reliable determinant and index of RFR.'s biological effects than are power den- sity, or the intensity of the field in space, because SARs re- flect what is actually being absorbed rather than the energy in space. However, while SARs may be a more precise 373 model, at least in theory, there were only a handful of ani- mal studies that were used to determine the threshold values of SAR for the setting of human exposure guidelines (de Lorge and Ezell 1980; de Lorge 1984). (For further informa- tion see Section 8). Those values are still reflected in to- day's standards. It is presumed that by controlling the held strength from the transmitting source that SARs will automatically be con- trolled too, but this may not be true in all cases, especially with far -field exposures such as near cell or broadcast tow- ers. Actual measurement of SARs is very difficult in real life so measurements of electric and magnetic fields are used as surrogates because they are easier to assess. In fact, it is impossible to conduct SAR measurements in living or- ganisms so all values are inferred from dead animal meas- urements (thermography, calorimetry, etc.), phantom models, or computer simulation (FDTD). However, according to the Scientific Committee on Emerging and Newly Identified Health Risks (SCEN.IHR) Health Effects of Exl)osure to EMF, released in January of 2009: ... recent studies of whole body plane wave exposure of both adult and children phantoms demonstrated that when children and small persons are exposed to levels which are in compliance with reference levels, exceeding the basic restrictions cannott be excluded [Dimbylow and Bloch 2007; Wang et al. 2006; Kuhn et al., 2007; Had- jem et al., 2007]. While the whole frequency range has been investigated, such effects were found in the fre- quency bands around 100 MHz and also around 2 GHz. For a model of a 5 -year-old child it has been shown that when the phantom is exposed to electromagnetic fields at reference levels, the basic restrictions were exceeded by 40% [Conil et al., 20081.... Moreover, a few studies de- monstrated that multipath exposure can lead to higher ex- posure levels compared to plane wave exposure [Neubauer et al. 2006; Venneeren et al. 2007]. It is important to rea- lize that this issue refers to far field exposure only, for which the actual exposure levels are orders of magnitude below existing guidelines. (p. 34--35, SCENIHR 2009) In addition to average SARs, there are indications that bi- ological effects may also depend on how energy is actually deposited in the body. Different propagation characteristics such as modulation, or different wave -forms and shapes, may have different effects on living systems. For example, the same amount of energy can be delivered to tissue contin- uously or in short pulses. Different biological effects may result depending on the type aid duration of the exposure. 5. Transmission facilities The intensity of RFR decreases rapidly with the distance from the emitting source; therefore, exposure to RFR from transmission towers is often of low intensity dependinb on one's proximity. But intensity is not the only factor. Living near a facility will involve long -duration exposures, some- times for years, at many hours per day. People working at home or the infirm can experience low-level. 24 h exposures. Nighttimes alone will create 8 h continuous exposures. The current standards for both ICNIRP, IEF,E and the NC.RP (adopted by the U.S. FCC) are for whole-body exposures Published by NRC Research Press W 374 averaged over a short duration (minutes) and are based on results from short-term exposure studies, not for long -teen, low-level exposures such as those experienced by people living or working near transmitting facilities. For such popu- lations, these can be involuntary exposures, unlike cell phones where user choice is involved. There have been some recent attempts to quantify human SARs in proximity to cell towers but these are primarily for occupational exposures in close proximity to the sources and questions raised were dosimetry -based regarding the accu- racy of antenna modeling (van Wyk et al. 2005). In one study by Martfnez-Burdalo et al. (2005) however, the re- searchers used high-resolution human body models placed at different distances to assess SARs in worst-case exposures to three different frequencies — 900, 1800, and 2170 MHz. Their focus was to compute whole-body averaged SARs at a maximum 10 g averaged SAR inside the exposed model. They concluded that for ... antenna -body distances in the near zone of the an- tenna, the fact that averaged field values are below refer- ence levels, could, at certain frequencies, not guarantee guidelines compliance based on basic restrictions. (p. 4125, ]Martinez-Burdalo et al. 2005) This raises questions about the basic validity of predict- ing SARs in real-Iife exposure situations or compliance to guidelines according to standard modeling methods, at least when one is very close to an antemia. Thus, the relevant questions for the general population living or working near transmitting facilities are: Do biolog- ical and (or) health effects occur after exposure to low - intensity RFR? Do effects accumulate over time, since the exposure is of a long duration and may be intermittent? What precisely is the definition of low -intensity RFR? What might its biological effects be and what does the science tell us about such exposures? B. Government radiofrequency radiation (RFR) guidelines: how spatial energy translates to the body's absorption The U.S. FCC has issued guidelines for both power den- sity and S ARs. For power density, the U.S. guidelines are between 0.2-1.0 mW/C1112. For cell phones, SAR levels re- quire hand-held devices to be at or below 1.6 W/kg meas- ured over 1.0 g of tissue. For whole body exposures, the limit i 0.08 W/kg. In most European countries, the SAR limit for hand-held devices is 2.0 W/kg averaged over 10 g of tissue. Whole body exposure limits are 0.08 W/kg. At 100-200 ft (-30-60 m) from a cell phone base sta- tion, a person can be exposed to a power density of 0.001 mW/cm'- (i.e., 1.0 l.tW/cm2). The SAR at such a distance can be 0.001 W/kg (i.e., 1.0 mW/kg). The U.S. guidelines for SARs are between 0.08-0.40 W/kg. For the purposes of this paper, we will define low -intensity exposure to RFR of power density of 0.001 mW/cm2 or a SAR of 0.001 W/kg. Environ, Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 7. Biological effects at low intensities Many biological effects have been documented at very low intensities comparable to what the population experien- ces within 200 to 500 ft (-60-150 in) of a cell tower, in- cluding effects that occurred in studies of cell cultures and animals after exposures to low -intensity RFR. Effects re- ported include: genetic, growth, and reproductive; increases in permeability of the blood -brain barrier; behavioral: mo- lecular, cellular, and metabolic; and increases in cancer risk. Some examples are as follows: • Dutta et at. (1989) reported an increase in calcium efflux in human neuroblastoma cells after exposure to RFR at 0.005 W/kg. Calcium is an important component in nor- mal cellular functions. • Fesenko et al. (1999) reported a change in immunological functions in mice after exposure to RFR at a power den- sity of 0.001 mW/cm2. • Magras and Xenos (1.997) reported a decrease in repro- ductive function in mice exposed to RFR at power densi- ties of 0.000168-0.001053 mW/cm2. • Forgacs et al. (2006) reported an increase in serum tes- tosterone levels in rats exposed to GSM (global system for mobile communication) -like RFR at SAR of 0.018- 0.025 W/kg. • Persson et al. (1997) reported an increase in. the perme- ability of the blood -brain barrier in mice exposed to RFR at 0.0004-0.008 W/kg. The blood -brain barrier is a physiological mechanism that protects the brain from toxic substances, bacteria, and viruses. • Phillips et al. (1998) reported DNA damage in cells ex- posed to RFR at: SAR of 0.0024-0.024 W/kg. • Kesari and Behari (2009) also reported an increase in DNA strand breaks in brain cells of rats after exposure to RFR at SAR of 0.0008 W/kg. • Belyaev et al. (2009) reported changes in DNA repair mechanisms after I2FR exposure at a SAIZ of 0.0037 VV!kg. A list of publications reporting biological and (or) health effects of low -intensity RFR exposure is in Table 1. Out of the 56 papers in the list, 37 provided the SAR of ex- posure. The average SAR of these studies at which biologi- cal effects occurred is 0.022 W/kg — a finding below the current standards. Ten years ago, there were only about a dozen studies re- porting such low -intensity effects; currently, there are more than 60. This body of work cannot be ignored. These are important findings with implications for anyone living or working near a transmitting facility. However, again, most of the studies in the list are on short-term (minutes to hours) exposure to low -intensity :RFR. Long-term exposure studies are sparse. In addition, we do not know if all of these re- ported effects occur in humans exposed to low -intensity RFR, or whether the reported effects are health hazards. Biological effects do not automatically mean adverse health effects, plus many biological effects are reversible. How- ever, it is clear that low -intensity RFR is not biologically inert. Clearly, more needs to be learned before a presump- tion of safety can continue to be made regarding placement of antenna arrays near the population, as is the case today. Published by NRC Research Press Levitt and Lai 375 CN Cy N C J ) c r. ^ 5 C C ;j bf) r O 7..n '� C � w '� c C U •a3 � H U y bq y on C w U > U C v O 9 cs O Cr, U ct U U O c `a z ,� cid .0 J c3 x .� X C7 ^ U Q 375 CN N IT, U c r. o 5 y w ice-. 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U c 7 x v W x W p U .J o N ,n 00 p Ln •� 00 0 0 0 C 0 a >, O 00 CIO [G y cJ O T, � J N OrG.t 'b d T C c G> y v U u q q r~ w c7 N m cr, m v) CA N Q Q x�x a73r tw r G U V) U O y ) 0 0 U � N ti o °O 3 > .ti r O H O O oc Published by NRC Research Press -Xtuo osn tuuosjd ioj tt/LO/t0 uo tSI'LC IZ'tLI �q woD ssatdgo.ieasasoau-n"mm mo.r; papl>otamoQ •nag -uorIAUR o 0 p p •� .�. O NCr > > O 00 CIO CE y J o G N c G> y v U u q q r~ w c7 Published by NRC Research Press -Xtuo osn tuuosjd ioj tt/LO/t0 uo tSI'LC IZ'tLI �q woD ssatdgo.ieasasoau-n"mm mo.r; papl>otamoQ •nag -uorIAUR 376 Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 Published by NRC Research Press •Xtuo osn Iruosiodjo3 NILOM70 uo 175I'LC IZ17Ll Xq woo, ssaidpIL,asazaru n�n�n� mo.>; paprolun�oQ'nag'uoaTnug 75 y a J U U q c3 ..C; O C •� @ .� >r 'y U CA a° M •� o o C 3 n o _� ,b o E, c o O U bA �. •� a N .° > v C N U ti C y N U. O c ° G> 7C_. >~ "U' a-• ,�', ':6 x �" ,G-+ 'U b0 (,t, y O w 'rJ C c; :n j •�`.. c3 U. U C .0 Z U O '7 J a U OG y N v O 3 'cam U O ,'." .d 71 .� •>j N O cJ •:.' U Cf, RtW O n�j" Z U J U C w �,w .y.+ V N E .0 a x a tom. x a 4 U U w x a T 'r0 cE i QJ 5 � ._. a C O �J o N •--i .--i �C C OfJ O O O M O O O O G C? ccn C O C O O O O O O O O n o b ❑ c C M' C c P ° c 00 � I o3 3 3 3 u o K aE X tb .0 onap \J .�L V " yo. c` C N rt' N W o0 N u7 cd N O LIO x G rI cc I C > vyi t N H ! N .Ty 3 u r. a u ti a Z q a 5 o v ; C7 0 v C7 W v > H C7 H v C7 U C7 U N N H 1 N V 00 00 O ^C r N N CO Cl-� N N I ,N a' '.-. V v; o c•1 cn O C C o Vl o O O O t:. M O 00 T O V ; O c-} Vl N v C C U\ oo O M O1Ti O G\ C\ N M O� (.i., GI♦ C :� I I > > v > o c o v> y o C cvl G C3 H rC r3 O C CO Fj > C j N cG .= ; �•3 ' c5 v 'L 'U U y N a� N C G O O >> c> >n� 3 s r 1 3 3 0 3 0 3 ' ��aoi> Z Z Z Published by NRC Research Press •Xtuo osn Iruosiodjo3 NILOM70 uo 175I'LC IZ17Ll Xq woo, ssaidpIL,asazaru n�n�n� mo.>; paprolun�oQ'nag'uoaTnug Levitt and Lai T c. u c y 3; w; 0 y o N rJ v C O G O v e O G � N O J.� U W U E A N G 'O C "� C u V •d b V L "� 'c3 ~ C C v)N C 30 c1 O r y yy p" L� 0 'd i-. '� � v r 1 �•; � U H11 H 0 r- r y o N C v O C O G O v e 71 G � N O o j M N G 'O C u T cl T C C v)N cn v N N 'd r (V N — y � •• � 'vn c3 G r� C r- r y o N C v O C O CC v �+ O v e 71 G O o j M N G 'O C U A > C C v)N cn v N N 'd r C O (V N — y � •• � 'vn c3 y > r� C ON � .JCi 00 a` O C�0 G C y� U CS y Ur y C ,`n U H E x�u r- r 377 N C O C O N N N C v O C O CC p v e 71 G O U M N G 'O C, A > C C v)N cn v N N r- r C O (V N — —1 N M M 377 N C O C O N N N N C �+ v e 71 M N -d 'O vzi v G�� W q v)N cn v C7 C7 C7 U c C !� F C7 C7 t7 U q U N N N N �+ M N -d 'O ON � .JCi 00 a` O O o Z d c o 6 N M> O �C3 > w. O� O CA G C G• Fc 3C) U V a ❑ bl)> �� o >' C ,b, > N O G aj a Id a a w ava✓ N N 5w x r Cly Co N Ol CA C O Published by NRC Research Press -Xluo osn IYaoszad.iog VULO/70 uo Vgl'L£' IZ'bLI Xq Luoo sswdgo.=swo_rirm,,�nm Woj poproluMoQ •nag •uoIInug 378 r` N �o o 0 0 o c o c C O CO C O C � � J C G G 2 G O O 00 b� xr - I O v m v r1' U GC CI r C "O a cy cn a3 U �p C N (V Ir cV N ro G .,Cn g "" G. C Vr CI '.. - 7 Cr N Y=4 'J CID N x N N xx N N C N N x�x� O C O C C C u OC r- C\ C` 01 C1 C, O � > > > G C v "Cl G1 _ N iC CJ 0 O o 3 8 n F-> >� Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 Published by NRC Research Press 'fluo asn it:aos.tad ro3 ta11LO/70 uo tSFL£' IZ'i7LI cq uso.ri PaPuotuANoa'nag'uo.rInug Levitt and Lai 8. Long-term exposures and cumulative effects There are many important gaps in the RFR research. The majority of the studies on RFR have been conducted with short-term exposures, i.e., a few minutes to several hours. Little is known about. the effects of long-term exposure such as would be experienced by people living near tele- communications installations, especially with exposures spanning months or years. The important questions then are: What are the effects of long-term exposure? Does long- term exposure produce different effects from short-term ex- posure? Do effects accumulate over time? There is some evidence of cumulative effects. Phillips et al. (1998) reported DNA damage in cells after 24 h exposure to low -intensity RFI2. DNA damage can lead to gene muta- tion that accumulates over time. Magras and Xenos (1997) reported that mice exposed to low -intensity RFR became Iess reproductive. After five generations of exposure the mice were not able to produce offspring. This shows that the effects of RFR can pass from one generation to another. Persson et a1. (1997) reported an increase in permeability of the blood—brain barrier in mice when the energy deposited in the body exceeded 1.5 J/kg (joule per kilogram) --a measurement of the total amount of energy deposited. This suggests that a short-term, high-intensity exposure can pro- duce the same effect as a long-term, low -intensity exposure, and is another indication. that R.FR effects can accumulate over time. In addition, there is some indication that test animals be- come more sensitive to radiation after long -terns exposure as seen in two of the critical experiments that contributed to the present SAR standards, called the "behavior—disruption experiments" carried out in the 1980s. In the first experiment, de Lorge and Ezell (1980) trained rats on an auditory observing -response task. In the task, an animal was presented with two bars. Pressing the right bar would produce either a low -pitch or a high -pitch tone for half a second. The low -pitch tone signaled an unrewarded situation and the animal was expected to do nothing. How- ever, when the high -pitch tone was on, pressing the left bar would produce a food reward. Thus, the task required con- tinuous vigilance in which an animal had to coordinate its motor responses according to the stimulus presented to get a reward by choosing between a high -pitch or low -pitch tone. After learning the task, rats were then irradiated with 1280 MHz or 5620 MHz RFR during performance.. Disrup- tion of behavior (i.e., the rats could not perform very well) was observed within 30-60 nun of exposure at a SAR of 3.75 NV/kg for 1280 MHz, and 49 W/kg for 5620 MHz. In another experiment, de Lorge (1984) trained monkeys on a similar auditory observing response task. Monkeys were exposed to RFR at 225, 1300, and 5800 MHz. Disruption of performance was observed at 8.1 mW/cm2 (SAR 3.2 W/kg) for 225 MHz; at 57 mW/cm'- (SAR 7.4 NV/k,(,) for 1300 MHz; and at 140 mW/cm'- (SAR 43 W/kg) for 5800 MHz. The disruption occurred when body temperature was increased by 1''C. The conclusion from these experiments was that .. disruption of behavior occurred when an animal was exposed at an SAR of approximately 4 NV/kg, and disruption 379 occurred after 30-60 minutes of exposure and when body temperature increased by 1°C" (de Lorge 1984). Based on just these two experiments, 4 W/kg has been used in the set- ting of the present RFR exposure guidelines for humans. With theoretical safety margins added, the limit for occupa- tional exposure was then set at 0.4 W/kg (i.e., 1/10 of the SAR where effects were observed) and for public exposure 0.08 W/kg for whole body exposures (i.e., 1/5 of that of oc- cupational exposure). But the relevant question for establishing a human SAR remains: Is this standard adequate, based on so little data, primarily extrapolated from a handful of animal studies from the same investigators? The de Lorge (1984) animal studies noted previously describe effects of short-term expo- sures. defined as less than one hour. But are they compara- ble to long-terin exposures like what. whole populations experience when living or working near transmitting facilities? Two series of experiments were conducted in 1986 on the effects of long-term exposure. D'Andrea et al. (1986x) ex- posed rats to 2450 MHz RFR for 7 h a day, 7 days per week for 1.4 weeks. They reported a disruption of behavior at air SAR of 0.7 W/kg. And D'Andrea et al. (1986b) also exposed rats to 2450 MHz RFR for 7 h a day, 7 days per week, for 90 days at an SAR of 0.14 W/kg and found a small but significant disruption in behavior. The experiment- ers concluded, "... the threshold for behavioral and physio- logical effects of chronic (long-term) RFR exposure in the rat occurs between 0.5 m`7V/cm2 (0.14 W/kg) and 2.5 mW/cm'- (0.7 W/kg)" (p. 55, D'Andrea et al. 1986b). The previously mentioned studies show that RFR can pro- duce effects at much lower intensities after test animals are repeatedly exposed. This may have implications for people exposed to RFR from transmission towers for long periods of time. Other biological outcomes have also been reported after longi term exposure to RFR. Effects were observed by Bar- anski (1972) and Takashima et al. (1979) after prolonged, repeated exposure but not after short-term exposure. Con- versely, in other work by Johnson et al. (1983), and Lai et al. (1987, 1992) effects that were observed after short-term exposure disappeared after prolonged, repeated exposure, i.e., habituation occurred. Different effects were observed by Dumansky and Shandala (1974) and Lai et al. (1989) after different exposure durations. The conclusion from this body of work is that effects of long-term exposure can be quite different from those of short-term exposure. Since most studies with RFR are short-term exposure studies, it is not valid to use their results to set guidelines for long-term exposures, such as in populations living or working near cell phone base stations. 9. Effects below 4 W/kg: thermal versus nonthermal As described previously, current international RFR expo- sure standards are based mainly on the acute exposure ex- periments that showed disruption of behavior at 4 W/kg. However, such a basis is not scientifically valid. There are many studies that show biological effects at SARs less than 4 W/kg after short-term exposures to RFR. For example, since the 4 W/kg originated from psychological and (or) be - Published by NRC Research Press 380 havioral experiments, when one surveys the EMF literature on behavioral effects, one can fund many reports on behavio- ral effects observed at SARs less than 4 W/kg, e.g., D'Andrea et al. (1986a) at 0.14 to 0.7 W/kg; DeWitt et al. (1987) at 0.14 W/kg; Gage (1979) at 3 W/kg ; King et al. (1971) at 2.4 W/kg; Kumlin et al. (2007) at 3 W/kg; Lai et al. (1989) at 0.6 W/kg; Mitchell et al. (1977) at 2.3 W/kg (1977); Navakatikian and Tomashevskaya (1994) at 0.027 W/kg; Nittby et al. (2008) at 0.06 W/kg; Schrot et al. (1980) at 0.7 W/kg; Thomas et al. (1975) at 1.5 to 2.7 W/kg; and Wang and .Lai (2000) at 1.2 W/kg. The obvious mechanism of effects of RFR is thermal (i.e., tissue heating). However, for decades, there have been ques- tions about whether nonthernhal (.i.e., not dependent on a change in temperature) effects exist. This is a well -discussed area in the scientific literature and not the focus of this pa- per but we would like to mention it briefly because it has implications for public safety near transmission facilities. Practically, we do not actually need to know whether RFR effects are thermal or nontherrnal to set exposure guidelines. Most of the biological -effects studies of RFR that have been conducted since the 1980s were under non - thermal conditions. In studies using isolated cells, the ambi- ent temperature during exposure was generally well controlled. In most animal studies, the RFR intensity used usually did not cause a significant increase in body temper- ature in the test animals. Most scientists consider nontier- mal effects as established, even though the iinplications are not fully understood. Scientifically, there are three rationales for the existence of nonthermal effects: 1. Effects can occur at low intensities when a significant in- crease in temperature is not likely. 2. Heating does not produce the same effects as RFR expo- sure. 3. RFR with different modulations and characteristics pro- duce different effects even though they may produce the same pattern of SAR distribution and tissue heating. Low-intensityeffects have been discussed previously (see Section 7.). There are reports that RFR triggers effects that are different from an increase in temperature, e.g., Wachtel et al. (1975); Seaman and Wachtel (1978); D'Inzeo et al. (1988). And studies showing that RFR of the same fre- quency and intensity, but with different modulations and waveforms, can produce different effects as seen in the work of Baranski (1972); Arber and Lin (1985); Carnpisi et al. (2010); d'Ambrosio et al. (2002); Frey et al. (1975); Os- car and Hawkins (1977); Sanders et al. (1985); Huber et al. (2002); Markkanen et at. (2004); Hung et al. (2007); and Luukk.onen et al. (2009). A counter -argument for point 1 is that RFR can cause mi- cro -heating at a small location even though there is no measurement change in temperature over the whole sample. This implies that an effect observed at low intensities could be due to localized rnicro-heating, and, therefore, is still considered thermal. However, the micro -heating theory could not apply to test subjects that are not stationary, such as in the case of Magras and Xenos (1997) who reported that mice exposed to low -intensity RFR became less repro - Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 ductive over several generations. "Hot spots" of heating move within the body when the subject moves in the field and, thus, cannot maintain sustained heating of certain tissue. The counter argument for point 2 is that heating by other means does not produce the same pattern of energy distribu- tion as RFR. Thus, different effects would result. Again, this counter argument does not work on moving objects. Thus, results supporting the third point are the most compelling. 10. Studies on exposure to cell tower transmissions From the early genesis of cell phone technology in the early 1980s, cell towers were presumed safe when located near populated areas because they are low-power installa- tions in comparison with broadcast. towers. This thinking d - ready depended on the assumption that broadcast towers were safe if kept below certain limits. Therefore, the reason- ing went, cell towers would be safer still. The thinking also assumed that exposures between cell and broadcast towers were comparable. In certain cities, cell and broadcast tower transmissions both contributed significantly to the amLient levels of RFR (Sirav and Seyhan 2009; Joseph et al. 2010). There are several fallacies in this thinking, including the fact that broadcast exposures have been found unsafe even at regulated thresholds. Adverse effects have been noted for significant increases for all cancers in both men and women living near broadcast towers (Henderson and Anderson 1986); childhood leukernia clusters (Maskaririec et al. 1994; Ha et al. 2003; Park et al. 2004); adult leukemia and lym- phoma clusters, and elevated rates of mental illness (Hocking et al. 1996; Michelozzi et al. 2002; Ha et al. 2007); elevated brain tumor incidence (Dolle et al. 1997x, 1997b); sleep disorders, decreased concentration, anxiety, elevated blood pressure, headaches, memory impairment, in- creased white cell counts, and decreased lung function in children (Altpeter et at. 2000); motor, memory, and learning impairment in children (Kolodynski and Kolodynski 1996), nonlinear increases in brain tumor incidence (Colorado De- partment of Public Health 2004); increases in malignant melanoma (Hallberg and Johansson 2002); and nonlinear immune system changes in women (Boscol et al.. 2001). (The term "nonlinear" is used in scientific literature to mean that an effect was not directly proportional to the in- tensity of exposure. In the case of the two studies mentioned previously, adverse effects were found at significant distan- ces from the towers, not in closer proximity where the power density exposures were higher and therefore pre- sumed to have a greater chance of causing effects. This is something that often comes up in low-level energy studies and adds credence to the argunhent that low-level exposures could cause qualitatively different effects than higher level exposures.) There is also anecdotal evidence in Europe that some com- munities have experienced adverse physical reactions after the switch from analog TV broadcast signals to the new digital formats, which can be more biologically complex Three doctors in Germany, Cornelia Wald mann-Selsam, MD, Christine Aschermamh, MD, and Markus Kern, MD, Published by NRC Research Press >, .i Levitt and Lai wrote (in a letter to the U.S. President, entitled Warning — Adverse Health Effects From Digital Broadcast Television)10, that on 20 May 2006, two digital broadcast television sta- tions went on the air in the Hessian Rhoen area. Prior to that time that area had low radiation levels, which included that from cell phone towers of which there were few. How- ever, coinciding with the introduction of the digital signals, within a radius of more than 20 km, there was an abrupt on- set of symptoms for constant headaches, pressure in the head, drowsiness, sleep problems, inability to think clearly, forgetfulness, nervousness, irritability, tightness in the chest, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, depression, apathy, loss of empathy, burning skin, sense of inner burning, leg weak- ness, pain in the limbs, stabbing pain in various organs, and weight gain. They also noted that birds fled the area. The same symptoms gradually appeared in other locations after digital signals were introduced. Sonic physicians accompa- nied affected people to areas where there was no TV recep- tion from terrestrial sources, such as in valleys or behind mountain ranges, and observed that many people became symptom free after only a short time. The digital systems also require more transmitters than the older analog systems and, therefore, somewhat Higher exposure levels to the general Population are expected, according to the 2009 SCENIHR Report (SCENIHR 2009). Whether digital or analog, Une frequencies differ between broadcast and cell antennas and do not couple with the hu- man anatomy in whole-body or organ-specific models in the same ways (NCRP 1986; ICNIRP 1998). This difference in how the body absorbs energy is the reason that all standards - setting organizations have the strictest limitations between 30-300 MHz — ranges that encompass FM broadcast where whole body resonance occurs (Cleveland 2001). Exposure allowances are more lenient for cell technology in frequency ranges between 300 MHz and 3 GHz, which encompass cel- lular phone technology. This is based on the assumption that the cell frequencies do not penetrate the body as deeply and no whole-body resonance can occur. There are sonic studies on the health effects on people living near cell phone towers. Though cell technology has been in existence since the late 1980s, the first study of pop- ulations near cell tower base stations was only conducted by Santini et al. ( 2002). It was prompted in part by complaints of adverse effects experienced by residents living near cell base stations throughout the world and increased activism by citizens. As well, increasing concerns by physicians to understand those complaints was reflected in professional organizations like the ICEMS (International Committee on Electromagnetic Safety) Catania Resolution", the Irish Doc- tors Environmental Association (IDEA)"--, and the 1~reibur- ger Appeal13. Santini conducted a survey study of 530 people (270 men, 260 women) on 18 nonspecific health symptoms (NSHS) in relation to self-reported distance from towers of <10 in, 10 to 50 in, 50 to 100 in, 100 to 200 in. 200 to 300 m, and >300 in. The control group compared people living more 381 than 300 ni (approximately 1000 ft) or not exposed to base stations. They controlled for age, presence of electrical transformers (<10 m), high tension lines (<100 m), and radio/TV broadcast transmitters (<4 km), the frequency of cell phone use (>20 min per day), and computer use (>2 It per clay). Questions also included residents' location in relation to antennas, taking into account orientations that were facing, beside, behind, or beneath antennas in cases of roof -mounted antenna arrays. Exposure conditions were defined by the length of time living in the neighborhood (<1 year through >5 years); the number of days per week and hours per day (<1 h to >16 h) that were spent in the res- idence. Results indicated increased symptoms and complaints the closer a person lived to a tower. At <10 in, symptoms in- cluded nausea, loss of appetite, visual disruptions, and diffi- culty in moving. Significant differences were observed up through 100 m for irritability, depressive tendencies, con- centration difficulties, memory loss, dizziness, and lower li- bido. Between 100 and 200 in, symptoms included headaches, sleep disruption, feelings of discomfort, and skin problems. Beyond 200 in, fatigue was significantly reported more often than in controls. Women significantly reported symptoms more often than men, except for libido loss. There was no increase in premature menopause in women in relation to distance from towers. The authors concluded that there were different sex -dependent sensitivities to elec- tromagnetic fields. They also called for infrastructure not to be sited <300 in (1000 ft) from populations for precaution- ary purposes, and noted that the information their survey captured might not apply to all circurnstances since actual exposures depend on the volume of calls being generated from any particular tower, as well as on how radiow wes are reflected by environmental factors. Similar results were found in Egypt by Abdel-Rassoul et al. (2007) looking to identify neurobehavioral deficits in people living near cell phone base stations. Researchers con- ducted a cross-sectional study of 85 subjects: 37 living in- side a building where antennas were mounted on the rooftop and 48 agricultural directorate employees who worked in a building (-10 m) opposite the station. A con- trol group of 80 who did not live near base stations were matched for age, sex, occupation, smoking, cell phone use, and educational level. All participants completed a question- naire containing personal, educational, and medical histories; general and neurological examinations; a neurobehavioral test battery (NBTB) involving tests for visuomotor speed, problem solving, attention, and memory, in addition to a Eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ). Their results found a prevalence of neuropsychiatric com- plaints: headaches, memory changes, dizziness, tremors, de- pressive symptoms, and sleep disturbance were significantly higher arnong exposed inhabitants than controls. The NBTB indicated that the exposed inhabitants exhibited a signifi- cantly lower performance than controls in one of the tests of attention and short-term auditory memory (paced auditory 10 http://www.notanotlierconspiracy.coni/2009/02/warning-adverse-health-effects-froin,htini. (Accessed October 2010.) rl http://www.icems.eu/resolution.litin r' ht(p:HwwNv.idecaireland.org/emr.Iitm 13 http:/hvww.laleva.cc/environment/freil)urger_appeal.litml Published by NRC Research Press 382 serial addition test (PASAT)). Also, the inhabitants opposite the station exhibited a lower performance in the problem - solving test (block design) than those who lived under the station. All inhabitants exhibited a better performance in the two tests of visuomotor speed (digit symbol and Trailmak- ing B) and one test of attention (Trailmaking A) than con- trols. Environmental power -density data were taken from meas- urements of that building done by the National Telecommu- nications Institute in 2000. Measurements were collected from the rooftop where the antennas were positioned, the shelter that enclosed the electrical equipment and cables for the antennas, other sites on the roof, and within an apart- ment partment below one of the antennas. Power -density measure- ments ranged from 0.1-6.7 [LW/cm2. No measurements were taken in the building across the street. The researchers noted that the last available measurements of RFR in 2002 in that area were less than the allowable standards but also noted that exposures depended on the number of calls being made at any given time, and that the number of cell phone users had increased approximately four times within the 2 years just before the beginning of their study in 2003. They concluded that inhabitants living near mobile phone base stations are at risk for developing neuropsychiatric prob- lems, as well as some changes in the performance of neuro- behavioral functions, either by facilitation (over -stimulation) or inhibition (suppression). They recommended the stand- ards be revised for public exposure to RFR, and called for using the NBTB for regular assessment and early detection of biological effects among inhabitants near base stations (Abdel-Rassoul et. al. 2007). Hutter et al. (2006) sought to determine cognitive changes, sleep quality, and overall well-being in 365 rural and urban inhabitants who had lived for more than a year near 10 selected cell phone base stations. Distance from an- tennas was 24 to 600 in in rural areas, and 20 to 250 nh in the urban areas. Field strength measurements were taken in bedrooms and cognitive tests were performed. Exposure to high -frequency EMFs was lower than guidelines and ranged from 0.000002 to 0.14 µW/cm2 for all frequencies between 80 MHz and 2 GHz with the greater exposure coming from mobile telecommunications facilities, which was between 0.000001 and 0.14 ttW/cm2. Maximum levels were between 0.000002 and 0.41 µ,W/cm'- with an overall 5% of the esti- mated maximurn above 0.1 [LW/cm2. Average levels were slightly higher in rural areas (0.005 ftW/cm'-) than in urban areas (0.002 lLW/cm2). The researchers tried to ascertain if the subjective rating of negative health consequences from base stations acted as a covariable but found that most sub- jects expressed no strong concerns about adverse effects from the stations, with 65% and 615"`'o in urban and rural areas, respectively, stating no concerns at all. But symptoms were generally higher for subjects who expressed health concerns regarding the towers. The researchers speculated that this was due to the subjects with health complaints seeking answers and consequently blaming the base station; or that subjects with concerns were more anxious in general and tended to give more negative appraisals of their body Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 functions; and the fact that some people simply give very negative answers. Hutter's results were similar to those of Santini et al. (2002) and Abdel-Rassoul et al. (2007). Hutter found a sib nificant relationship between symptoms and power densities. Adverse effects were highest for headaches, cold hands and feet, cardiovascular symptoms, and concentration difficul- ties. Perceptual speed increased while accuracy decreased insignificantly with increasing exposure levels. Unlike the others, however, Hutter found no significant effects on sleep quality and attributed such problems more to fear of adverse effects than actual exposure. They concluded that effects on well-being and performance cannot be ruled out even as mechanisms of action remain unknown. They further recom- mended that antenna siting should be done to rninimize ex- posure to the population. Navarro et al. (2003) measured the broadband electric field (E -field) in the bedrooms of 97 participants in La Nora, Murcia, Spain and found a significantly higher symp- tom score in 9 out of 16 symptoms in the groups with an exposure of 0.65 V/m (0.1121 [LW/cm '-) compared with the - control group with an exposure below 0.2 Win (0.01061 µW/cm2), both as an average. The highest contrib- utor to the exposure was GSM 900/1800 MHz signals from mobile telecommunications. The same researchers also re- ported significant correlation coefficients between the meas- ured E -field and 14 out of 16 health-related symptoms with the five highest associations found for depressive tendencies, fatigue, sleeping disorders, concentration difficulties, and cardiovascular problems. In a follow up work, Oberfeld et al. (2004) conducted a health survey in Spain in the vicinity of two GSM 900/1800 MHz cell phone base stations, meas- uring the. E -field in six bedrooms, and found similar results. They concluded that the symptoms are in line with "microwave syndrome" reported in the literature (Johnson- Liakouris 1998). They reconhmended that the sum total for ambient exposures should not be higher than 0.02 V/m — the equivalent of a power density of 0.00011 1),W/cm2, which is the indoor exposure value for GSM base stations proposed by the Public Health Office of the Government of Salzburg, Austria in 200214. Eger et al. (2004) took up a challenge to medical profes- sionals by Germany's radiation protection board to deter- mine if there was an increased cancer incidence in populations living near cell towers. Their study evaluated data for approximately 1000 patients between the years of 1994 and 2004 who lived close to cell antennas. The results showed that the incidence of cancer was significantly higher among those patients who had lived for 5 to 10 years at a distance of up to 400 m from a cell installation that had been in operation since 1993, compared with those patients living further away, and that the patients fell ill on an aver- age of 8 years earlier than would be expected. In the years between 1999 and 2004, after 5 years operation of the trans- mitting installation, the relative risk of getting cancer had tripled for residents in proximity of the installation com- pared with inhabitants outside of the area. Wolf and Wolf (2004) investigated increased cancer inci- dence in populations living in a small area in Israel exposed 14http:/hwww.salzbtirg.gv.at/umweltmedizin. (Accessed October 2010.) Published by NRC Research Press Levitt and Lai to RFR from a cell tower. The antennas were mounted 10 in high, transmitting at 850 MHz and 1500 W at full -power output. People lived within a 350 m half circle of the anten- nas. An epidemiologic assessment was done to determine whether the incidence of cancer cases among individuals ex- posed to the base station in the south section of the city of Netanya called Irus (designated area A) differed from ex- pected cancer rates throughout Israel, and in the town of Ne- tanya in general, as compared with people who lived in a nearby area without a cell tower (designated area B). There were 622 participants in area A who had lived near the cell tower for 3 to 7 years and were patients at one health clinic. The exposure began 1 year before the start of the study when the station first came into service. A second cohort of individuals in area B, with 1222 participants who received medical services at a different clinic located nearby, was used as a control. Area B was closely matched for environ- ment, workplace, and occupational characteristics. In expo- sure area A, eight cases of different types of cancer were diagnosed in a period of I year, including cancers of the ovary (1), breast (3), Hodgkins lymphoma (1), lung (1), os- teoid osteoma (.1), and hypernephroma (1). The RFR field measurements were also taken per house and matched to the cancer incidents. The rate of cancers in area A was com- pared with the annual rate of the general population (31 cases per 10000) and to incidence for the entire town of Ne- tanya. There were two cancers in area B, compared to eight in area A. They also examined the history of the exposed cohort (,area A) for malignancies in the 5 years before expo- sure began and found only two cases in comparison to eight cases 1 year after the tower went into service. The research- ers concluded that relative cancer rates for females were 10.5 for area A, 0.6 for area B, and 1.0 for the whole town of Netanya. Cancer incidence in women in area A was thus significantly higher (p <0.0001) compared with that of area B and the whole city. A comparison of the relative risk re- vealed that there were 4.15 times more cases in area A than in the entire population. The study indicated an association between increased incidence of cancer and living in proxim- ity to a cell phone base station. The measured level of RFR, between 0.3 to 0.5 1-tW/cm2, was far below the thermal guidelines. 11. Risk perception~, electrohypersensitivity, and psychological factors Others have followed up on what role risk perception might play in populations near cell base stations to see if it is associated with health complaints. Blettner et al.. (2008) conducted a cross-sectional, multi- phase study in Germany. In the initial phase, 30047 people out of a total of 51. 444, who took part in a nationwide sur- vey, were also asked about their health and attitudes towards mobile phone base stations. A list: of 38 potential health complaints were used. With a response rate of 58.6%n, 18.0% were concerned about adverse health effects from base stations, 10.3% directly attributed personal adverse ef- fects to them. It was found that people living within 500 m, or those concerned about personal exposures, reported more health complaints than others. The authors concluded that even though a substantial proportion of the German popula- 383 tion is concerned about such exposures, the observed higher health complaints cannot be attributed to those concerns alone. Kristiansen et al. (2009) also explored the prevalence and nature of concerns about mobile phone radiation, especially since the introduction of new 3G–UMTS (universal mobile telecommunications system) networks that require many more towers and antennas have sparked debate throughout Europe. Some local governments have prohibited mobile an- tennas on public buildings due to concerns about cancer, es- pecially brain cancer in children and impaired psychomotor functions. One aim of the researchers was risk assessment — to compare people's perceptions of risk from cell phones and masts to other fears, such as being struck by lightening. hi Demnark, they used data from a 2006 telephone survey of 1004 people aged 15+ years. They found that 28% of the re- spondents were concerned about exposure to mobile phone radiation and 15% about radiation from masts. In contrast, 82% of respondents were concerned about other forms of environmental pollution. Nearly half of the respondents con- sidered the mortality risk of 3G phones and masts to be of the same order of magnitude as being struck by lightning (0.1 fatalities per million people per year), while 7% thought it was equivalent to tobacco -induced lung cancer (approxi- mately 500 fatalities per million per year). Among women, concerns about mobile phone radiation, perceived mobile phone mortality risk, and concerns about unknown conse- quences of new technologies, increased with educational levels. More than two thirds of the respondents felt that they had not received adequate public information about the 3G system. The results of the study indicated that the major- ity of the survey population had little concern about mobile phone radiation, while a minority is very concerned. Augner et al. (2009) examined the effects of short-term GSM base station exposure on psychological symptoms in- cluding good mood, alertness, and calmness as measured by a standardized well-being questionnaire. Fifty-seven partici- pants were randomly assigned to one of three different expo- sure scenarios. Each of those scenarios subjected participants to five 50 min exposure sessions, with only the first four relevant for the study of psychological symptoms. Three exposure levels were created by shielding devices, which could be installed or removed between sessions to create double -blinded conditions. The overall median power densities were 0.00052 i.LW/cm'- during low expo- sures, 0.0154 1.LW/cm2 during medium exposures, and 0.2127 1.LW/cm2 during high -exposure sessions. Participants in high- and medium -exposure scenarios were significantly calmer during those sessions than participants in low -exposure scenarios throughout. However, no significant differences between exposure scenarios in the "good mood" or "alertness" factors were found. The researchers concluded that short-term exposure to GSM base station signals may have an impact on well-being by reducing psychological arousal. Eltiti et al. (2007) looked into exposures to the GSM and UMTS exposures from base stations and the effects to 56 participants who were self-reported as sensitive to electro- magnetic fields. Some call it electro -hypersensitivity (EHS) or just electrosensitivity. People with EHS report that they suffer negative health effects when exposed to electro - Published by NRC Research Press 384 magnetic fields from everyday objects such as cell phones. mobile phone base stations, and many other common things in modern societies. EHS is a recognized functional impair- ment in Sweden. This study used both open provocation and double-blind tests to deternune if electrosensitive and con- trol individuals experienced more negative health effects when exposed to base -station -like signals compared with sham exposures. Fifty-six electrosensitive and 120 control participants were tested first in an open provocation test. Of these, 12 electrosensitive and six controls withdrew after the first. session.. Some of the electrosensitive subjects later is- sued a statement saying that die initial exposures made them too uncomfortable to continue participating in the study. This means that the study may have lost its most vul- nerable test subjects right at the beginning, possibly skewing later outcomes. The remainder completed a series of double- blind tests. Subjective measures of well-being and symp- toms, as well as physiological measures of blood -volume pulse, heart rate, and skin conductance were obtained. They found that. during the open provocation, electrosensitive in- dividuals reported lower levels of well-being to both GSM and UMTS signals compared with sham exposure, whereas controls reported more symptoms during the UMTS expo- sure. During double-blind tests the GSM signal dial not have any effect on either group. Electrosensitive participants did report elevated levels of arousal. during the UMTS condition, but die number or severity of symptoms experienced did not increase. Physiological measures did not differ across the three exposure conditions for either group. The researchers concluded that short-term exposure to a typical GSM base - station -like signal did not affect well-being or physiological functions in electrosensitive or control individuals even though the electrosensitive individuals reported elevated lev- els of arousal when exposed to a UMTS signal. The re- searchers stated that this difference was likely due to the effect of the order of the exposures throughout the series rather than to the exposure itself. The researchers do not speculate about possible data bias when one quarter of the most sensitive test subjects dropped out at the beginning. In follow-up work, Eltiti et al. (2009) attempted to clarify some of the inconsistencies in the research with people who report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields. Such individuals, they noted, often report cognitive impairments that they be- lieve are due to exposure to mobile phone technology. They further said that previous research in this area has revealed mixed results, with the majority of research only testing control individuals. Their aim was to clarify whether short- term (50 min) exposure at I 1.4W/cm2 to typical GSM and UMTS base station signals affects attention, memory, and physiological endpoints in electrosensitive and control partic- ipants. Data from 44 electrosensitive and 44 matched -control participants who performed the digit symbol substitution task (DSST), digit span task (DS), and a mental arithmetic task (MA), while being exposed to GSM, UMTS, and sham signals under double-blind conditions were analyzed. Over- all, the researchers concluded that cognitive functioning was not affected by short-term exposure to either GSM or UMTS signals. Nor did exposure affect the physiological measure- ments of blood -volume pulse, heart rate, and skin conduc- tance that were taken while participants performed the cognitive tasks. The GSM signal was a combined signal of Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 900 and 1800 MHz frequencies, each with a power flux den- sity of 0.5 kW/cm2, which resulted in combined power flux density of 1 p.W/cm2 over the area where test subjects were seated. Previous measurements in 2002 by the National Ra- diological Protection Board in the UK, measuring power density from base stations at 17 sites and 118 locations (Mani et al. 2002), found that in general, the power flux density was between 0.001 µ,W/cm2 to 0.1 it.W/cm'-, with the highest power density being 0.83 11.W/cm2. The higher exposure used by the researchers in this study was deemed comparable by them to the maximum exposure a person would encounter in the real world. But many electrosensitive individuals report: that they react to much lower exposures too. Overall, the electrosensitive participants had a signifi- cantly higher level of mean skin conductance than control subjects while performing cognitive tasks. The researchers noted that this was consistent with other studies that hy- pothesize sensitive individuals may have a general imbal- ance in autonomic nervous system regulation. Generally, cognitive functioning was not affected in either electrosensi- tives or controls. When Bonferroni corrections were applied to the data, the effects on mean skin conductance disap- peared. A criticism is that this averaging of test results hides more subtle effects. Wallace et al. (2010) also tried to determine if short-term exposure to RFR had an impact on well-being and what role, if any, psychological factors play. Their study focused on "Airwave", a new comrnunication system being rolled out across the UK for police and emergency services. Some police officers have complained about skin rashes, nausea, headaches, and depression as a consequence of using Air- wave two-way radio handsets. The researchers used a small group of self-reported electrosensitive people to determine if they reacted to the exposures, and to determine if exposures to specific signals affect a selection of the adult population who do not report sensitivity to electromagnetic fields. A randomized double-blind provocation study was conducted to establish whether short-term exposure to a terrestrial trunked radio (TETRA) base station signal has an impact on health and well-being in individuals with electrosensitivity and controls. Fifty-one individuals with eleetrosensitivity and 132 age- and gender -matched controls participated first in an open provocation test, while 48 electrosensitive and 132 control participants went on to complete double-blind tests in a fully screened semi -anechoic chamber. Heart rate, skin conductance, and blood pressure readings provided ob- jective indices of short-term physiological response. Visual analogue scales and symptom scales provided subjective in- dices of well-being. Their results found no differences on any measure between TETRA and sham (no signal) under double-blind conditions for either control or electrosensitive participants and neither group could detect the presence of a TETRA signal above chance (50%). The researchers noted, however, that when conditions were not double-bhnded,.the electrosensitive individuals did report feeling worse and ex- perienced more severe symptoms during TETRA compared with sham exposure. They concluded that the adverse symp- toms experienced by electrosensitive individuals are caused by the belief of harm from TETRA base stations rather than because of the low-level EMF exposure itself. It is interesting to note that the three previously men - Published by NRC Research Press dt Levitt and Lai tioned studies were all conducted at the same ElectromaC netics and Health Laboratory at the University of Essex, Es- sex, UK, by the same relative group of investigators. Those claiming to be electrosensitive are a small subgroup in the population, often in touch through Internet support groups. In the first test, many electrosensitives dropped out because they found the exposures used in the study too uncomfort- able. The drop-out rate decreased with the subsequent stud- ies, which raises the question of whether the electrosensitive participants in the Latter studies were truly electrosensitive. There is a possibility that a hue subgroup of electrosensi- tives carrot tolerate such study conditions, or that potential test subjects are networking in a way that preclude their par- ticipation in the first place. In fact, researchers were not able to recruit their target numbers for electrosensitive partici- pants in any of the studies. The researchers also do not state if there were any of the same electrosensitive participants used in the three studies. Nor do they offer comment regard- ing the order of the test methods possibly skewing results. Because of uncertainty regarding whether EMF exposures are actually causing the symptoms that electrosensitives re- port, and since many electrosensitives also report sensitiv- ities to myriad cliemicals and other environmental factors, it has been recommended (Hansson Mild et al. 2006) that a new term be used to describe such individuals — idiopathic environmental intolerance with attribution to electromag- netic fields (IEI-EMF). Furubayashi et al. (2009) also tried to determine if people who reported symptoms to mobile phones are more suscep- tible than control subjects to the effect of EMF emitted from base stations. They conducted a double-blind, cross-over provocation study, sent questionnaires to 5000 women and obtained 2472 valid responses from possible candidates. From those, they were only able to recruit 11 subjects with mobile phone related symptoms (MPRS) and 43 controls. The assumption was that individuals with MPRS matched the description of electrosensitivity by the World Health Organization (WHO). There were four EMF exposure condi- tions, each of which lasted 30 min: (i) continuous, (ii) inter- mittent, (iii) sharp exposure with noise, and (i») sham exposure without noise. Subjects were exposed to EMF of 2.14 GHz, 10 Vin (26.53 µ.W/cm2) wideband code division multiple access (W -CDMA), in a shielded room to simulate whole-body exposure to EMF from base stations, although the exposure strength they used was higher than that com- monly received from base stations. The researchers meas- ured several psychological and cognitive parameters irmnediately before and after exposure, and monitored auto- nomic functions. Subjects were asked to report on their per- ception of EMF and level of discomfort during the experiment. The MPRS group did not differ from the con- trols in their ability to detect exposure to EMF. They did, however, consistently experience more discomfort in gen- eral, regardless of whether or not they were actually exposed to EMF, and despite the lack of significant changes in their autonomic functions. The researchers noted that others had found electrosensitive subjects to be more susceptible to stress imposed by task performance, although they did not differ from normal controls in their personality traits. The researchers concluded that the two groups did not differ in their responses to real or sham EMF exposure according to any psychological, cognitive or autonomic assessment. They said they found no evidence of any causal link between hypersensitivity symptoms and exposure to EMF from 'ease stations. However, this study, had few MPRS participants. Regel et al. (2006) also investigated the effects of the influence of UMTS base -station -like signals on well-being and cognitive performance in subjects with and without self-reported sensitivity to RFR. The researchers performed a controlled exposure experiment in a randomized, double- blind crossover study, with 45 min at an electric field strength of 0 V/m, 1.0 V/m (0.2653 LtW/cm2), or .10.0 V/m (26.53 µ.W/cm2), incident with a polarization of 45' from the left -rear side of the subject, at weekly intervals. A total of 11.7 healthy subjects that included 33 self-reported sensi- tive subjects and 84 nonsensitive subjects, participated in the study. The team assessed well-being, perceived field strength, and cognitive performance with questionnaires and cognitive tasks and conducted statistical analyses using lin- ear mixed models. Organ-specific and brain -tissue-specific dosimetry, including uncertainty and variation analysis, was performed. Their results found that in both groups, well- being and perceived field strength were not associated with actual exposure levels. They observed no consistent condi- tion -induced changes in cognitive performance except for two marginal effects. At 10 V/rn (26.53 µ.W/cm2) they ob- served a slight effect on speed in one of six tasks in the sen- sitive subjects and an effect on accuracy in another task in nonsensitive subjects. Both effects disappeared after multi- ple endpoint. adjustments. They concluded that they could not confirm a short-term effect of UMTS base -station -like exposure on well-being. The reported effects on brain func- tioning were marginal, which they attributed to chance. Peak spatial absorption in brain tissue was considerably smaller than during use of a mobile phone. They concluded that no conclusions could be drawn regarding short-term effects of cell phone exposure or the effects of long-term base -station - like exposures on human health. Siegrist et al. (2005) investigated risk perceptions associ- ated with mobile phones, base stations, and other sources of. EMFs through a telephone survey conducted in Switzerland. Participants assessed both risks and benefits associated with nine different sources of EMF. Trust in the authorities regu- lating these hazards was also assessed. Participants answered a set. of questions related to attitudes toward EMF and to- ward mobile phone base stations. Their results were: high- voltage transmission lines are perceived as the most risky source of EMF; and mobile phones and base stations re- ceived lower risk ratings. Trust in authorities was positively associated with perceived benefits and negatively associated with perceived risks. Also, people who use their mobile phones frequently perceived lower risks and higher benefits than people who use their mobile phones infrequently. Peo- ple who believed they lived close to a base station did not significantly differ in their perceived level of risks associ- ated with mobile phone base stations from people who did not believe they lived close to a base station. A majority of participants favored limits to exposures based on worst-case scenarios. The researchers also correlated perceived risks with other beliefs and found that belief in paranormal phe- nomena is related to level of perceived risks associated with Published by NRC Research Press 386 EMF. In addition, people who believed that most chemical substances cause cancer also worried more about EMF than people who did not believe that chemical substances are harmful. This study found the obvious — that some people worry more about environmental factors than others across a range of concerns. Wilen et al. (2006) investigated the effects of exposure to mobile phone RFR on people who experience subjective symptoms when using mobile phones. Twenty subjects with MPRS were matched with 20 controls without: MFRS. Each subject participated in two experimental sessions, one with true exposure and one with sham exposure, in random order. In the true exposure condition, the test subjects were ex- posed for 30 min to an RFR field generating a maximum SAR (1 g) in the head of I W/kg through an indoor base station antenna attached to signals from a 900 MHz GSM mobile phone. Physiological and cognitive parameters were measured during the experiment for heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV), respiration, local. blood flow, electroder- mal activity, critical flicker fusion threshold (CFFT), short- term memory, and reaction time. No significant differences related to RFR exposure conditions and no differences in baseline data were found between subject groups with the exception for reaction time, which was significantly longer among the test subjects than among the controls the first time the test was performed. This difference disappeared when the test was repeated. However, the test subjects dif- fered significantly from the controls with respect to HRV as measured in the frequency domain. The test subjects dis- played a shift in the low/high frequency ratio towards a sympathetic dominance in the autonomous nervous system during the CFFT and memory tests, regardless of exposure condition. They interpreted this as a sign of differences in time autonomous nervous system regulation among persons with MPRS and persons with no such symptoms. 12. Assessing exposures Quantifying, qualifying, and measuring radiofrequency (RF) energy both indoors and outdoors has frustrated scien- tists, researchers, regulators, and citizens alike. The ques- tions involve how best to capture actual exposure data — through epidemiology, computer estimates, self -reporting, or actual dosimetry measurements. Determining how best to do this is more important than ever, given the increasing back- ground levels of RFR. Distance from a generating source has traditionally been used as a surrogate for probable power density but that is imperfect at best, given how RF energy behaves once it is transmitted. Complicated factors and nu- merous variables come into play. The wearing of personal dosimetry devices appears to be a promising area for captur- ing cumulative exposure data. Neubauer et al. (2007) asked the question if epidemiology studies are even possible now, given the increasing deploy- ment of wireless technologies. They examined the methodo- logical challenges and used experts in engineering, dosimetry, and epidemiology to critically evaluate dosimet- ric concepts and specific aspects of exposure assessment re- garding epidemiological study outcomes. They concluded that, at least. in theory, epidemiology studies near base sta- tions are feasible but that all relevant RF sources have to be Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 taken into account. They called for pilot studies to validate exposure assessments and recommended that short -to -medium term effects on health and well-being are best investigated by cohort studies. They also said that for long-term effects, groups with high exposures need to be identified first, and that for immediate effects, human laboratory studies are the preferred approach. In other words, multiple approaches are required. They did not make specific recommendations on how to quantify long-term, low-level effects on health and well-being. Radon et al. (2006) compared personal RF dosimetry measurements against recall to ascertain the reliability of self -reporting near base stations. Their aim was to test the feasibility and reliability of personal dosimetry devices. They used a 24 h assessment on 42 children, 57 adolescents, and 64 adults who wore a Maschek dosimeter prototype, then compared the self-reported exposures with the measure- nments. They also compared the readings of Maschek proto- type with those of the Antennessa DSP -090 in 40 test subjects. They found that self-reported exposures did not correlate with actual readings. The two dosimeters were in moderate agreement. Their conclusion was that personal dosimetry, or the wearing of measuring devices, was a feasi- ble method in epidemiology studies. A study by Frei et al. (2009) also used personal dosimetry devices to examine the total exposure levels of RFR in the Swiss urban population. What they found was startling — nearly a third of the test subjects' cumulative exposures were from cell base stations. Prior to this study, exposure from base stations was thought to be insignificant due to their low-power densities and to affect only those living or working in close proximity to the infrastructure. This study showed that the general population moves in and out of these particular fields with more regularity than previously expected. In a sample of 166 volunteers from Basel, Swit- zerland, who agreed to wear personal exposure meters (called exposimeters), the researchers found that nearly one third of total. exposures came from base stations. Participants carried an exposimeter for 1 week (2 separate weeks in 32 participants) and also completed an activity diary. Mean val- ues were calculated using the robust regression on order sta- tistics (ROS) method. Results found. a mean weekly exposure to all RFR and (or) EMF sources was 0.013 l_ W/cin'- (range of individual means 0.0014-0.0881 h,W/crn2). Exposure was mainly from mobile phone base stations (32.0%), mobile phone handsets (29.170), and digital enhanced cordless tele- conununications (DECT) phones (22.7%). People owning a DECT phone (total mean 0.015 1tW/cm2) or mobile phone (0.014 ltW/cm'-) were exposed more than those not owning a DECT or mobile phone (0.010 I W/cm2). Mean values were highest in trains (0.116 1),W/cm2), airports (0.074 µ W/cm'-), and tramways or buses (0.036 l.LW/cm2) and were higher dur- ing daytime (0.016 l.rW/cnm'-) than nighttime (0.008 u.W/cm2). The Spearman correlation coefficient between mean expo- sure in the first and second week was 0.61. Another surpris- ing finding of this study contradicted Neubauer et al. (2008) who found that a rough dosimetric estimate of a 24 h exposure from' a base station (1-2 V/m) (i.e., 0.2653-1.061 ltW/cm'-) corresponded to approximately 30 min of mobile phone use. But Frei et at. (2009) found, using the exposinmeter, that cell phone use was 200 times higher than the average base sta- Published by NRC Research Press Levitt and Lai tion exposure contribution in self-selected volunteers (0.487 versus 0.002 µW/cm2). This implied that at the belt, back- pack, or in close vicinity to the body, the mean base station contribution corresponds to about 7 min of mobile phone use (24 h divided by 200), not 30 min. They concluded that exposure to RFR varied considerably between persons and locations but was fairly consistent for individuals. They noted that cell phones, base stations, and cordless phones were important sources of exposure in urban Switzerland but that people could reduce their exposures by replacing their cordless domestic phones with conventional. landlines at home. They determined that it was feasible to combine diary data with personal exposure measurements and that such data was useful in evaluating RFR exposure during daily living, as well as helpful in reducing exposure mis- classification in future epidemiology studies. Viel et al. (2009) also used personal exposure meters (EME SPY 120 made by Satimo and ESM 140 made by Maschek) to characterize actual residential exposure from antennas. Their primary aim was to assess personal expo- sures, not ambient field strengths. Two hundred randomly selected people were enrolled to wear measurement meters for 24 h and asked to keep a time -location -activity diary. Two exposure metrics for each radiofrequency were then calculated: the proportion of measurements above the detec- tion limit of 0.05 V/m (0.0006631 i.rW/cm2) and the maxi- mum electric field strength. Residential addresses were geocoded and distances from each antenna were calculated. They found that much of the time -recorded field strength was below the detection level of 0.05 V/m, with the excep- tion of the FM radio bands, which had a detection threshold of 12.3%. The maximum electric field was always lower than 1.5 V/m (0.5968 itW/cm'-). Exposure to GSM and digi- tal cellular system (DCS) frequencies peaked around 280 in in urban areas and 1000 in from antemuas in more suburban/ rural areas. A downward trend in exposures was found within a 10 km distance for FM exposures. Conversely, UMTS, TV3, and TV 4 and 5 signals did not vary with dis- tance. The difference in peak exposures for cell frequencies were attributed to niicrocell antennas being more numerous in urban areas, often mounted a few meters above ground level, whereas macrocell base stations in less urban areas are placed higher (between 15 and 50 in above ground level) to cover distances of several kilometres. They concluded that despite the limiting factors and high variability of RF exposure assessments, in using sound statistical technique they were able to determine that exposures from GSM and DCS cellular base stations actually increase with distance in the near source zone, with a maximum exposure where the main beam intersects the ground. They noted that such in- formation should be available to local authorities and the public regarding the siting of base stations. Their findings coincide with Abdel-Rassoul et al. (2007) who found field strengths to be less in the building directly underneath an- tennas, with reported health complaints higher in inhabitants of the building across the street. Amoako et al. (2009) conducted a survey of RFR at pub- lic access points close to schools, hospitals, and highly populated areas in Ghana near 50 cell phone base stations. Their primary objective was to measure and analyze field strength levels. Measurements were made using an Anritsu 387 model MS 2601A spectrum analyzer to determine the elec- tric field level in the 900 and 1800 MHz frequency bands. Using a GPS (global positioning system), various base sta- tions were mapped. Measurements were taken at 1.5 in above ground to maintain line of sight with the RF source. Signals were measured during the day over a 3 h period, at a distance of approximately 300 in. The results indicated that power densities for 900 MHz at public access points varied from as low as 0.000001 i.u.W/crra'- to as high as 0.001 tiW/cm2. At 1800 MHz, the variation of power den- sities was from 0.000001 to 0.01 µ W/cni'-. There are no spe- cific RFR standards in Ghana. These researchers determined that while their results in most cites were compliant with the ICNIRP standards, levels were still 20 times higher than val- ues typically found in the UK, Australia, and the U.S., espe- cially for Ghana base stations in rural areas with higher power output. They determined that there is a need to re- duce RFR levels since an increase in mobile phone usage is foreseen. Clearly, predicting actual exposures based on simple dis- tance from antennas using standardized computer formulas is inadequate. Although power density undoubtedly de- creases with distance from a generating source, actual expo- sure metrics can be far more complex, especially in urban areas. Contributing to the complexity is the fact that the nar- row vertical spread of the beam creates a low RF field strength at the ground directly below the antenna. As a per- son moves away or within a particular field, exposures can become complicated, creating peaks and valleys in field strength. Scattering and attenuation atter field strength in re- lation to building placement and architecture, and local per- turbation factors can come into play. Power density levels can be 1 to 100 times lower inside a building, depending on constriction materials, and exposures can differ greatly within a building, depending on numerous factors such as orientation toward the generating source and the presence of conductive materials. Exposures can be twice as high in upper floors than in lower floors, as found by Anglesio et al. (2001). However, although distance from a transmitting source has been shown to be an unreliable determinant for accurate exposure predictions, it is nevertheless useful in some gen- eral ways. For instance, it has been shown that radiation lev- els from a tower with 15 nonbroadcast radio systems will fall off to hypothetical natural background levels at approx- imately 1500 ft (-500 m) (Rinebold 2001). This would be in general agreement with the lessening of symptoms in peo- ple living near cell towers at a distance over 1000 ft (-300 m) found by Santini et al. (2002) . The previously mentioned studies indicate that accuracy in both test design and personal dosimetry measurements are possible in spite of the complexities and that a general safer distance from a cell tower for residences, schools, day- care centers, hospitals, and nursing homes might be ascer- tained. M Discussion Numerous biological effects do occur after short-term ex- posures to low -intensity RFR but potential hazardous health effects from such exposures on humans are still not well es - Published by NRC Research Press 388 tablished, despite increasing evidence as demonstrated throughout this paper. Unfortunately, not enough is known about biological effects from long-term exposures, espe- cially as the effects of Ion b term exposure can be quite dif- ferent from those of short-term exposure. It is the long-term, low -intensity exposures that are most common today and in- creasing significantly from myriad wireless products and services. People are reporting symptoms near cell towers and in proximity to other RFR-generating sources including con- sumer products such as wireless computer routers and Wi-Fi systems that appear to be classic "microwave sickness syn- drome," also known as "radrotrequency radiation sic'kn'ess.°' First identified in the 1950s by Soviet medical researchers, symptoms included headache, fatigue, ocular dysfunction, dizziness, and sleep disorders. In Soviet medicine, clinical manifestations include dermographism, tumors, blood changes, reproductive and cardiovascular abnormalities, de- pression, irritability, and memory impairment, among others. The Soviet researchers noted that the syndrome is reversible in early stages but is considered lethal _over time (Tolgskaya et. al. 1973). Johnson-Liakouris (1998) noted there are both occupa- tional studies conducted between 1953 and 1991 and clinical cases of acute exposure between 1975 and 1993 that offer substantive verification for the syndrome. Yet, U.S. regula- tory agencies and standards -setting groups continue to quib- ble about the existence of microwave sickness because it does not fit neatly into engineering models for power den- sity, even as studies are finding that cell towers are creating the same health complaints in the. population. It should be noted that before cellular telecommunications technology, no such infrastructure exposures between 800 MHz and 2 GHz existed this close to so many people. Microwave ovens are the primary consumer product utilizing a high RF intensity, but their use is for very brief periods of time and ovens are shielded to prevent leakage above 1000 µ.W/cm' — the current FDA standard. In some cases, following the U.S. Teleconummi cations Act of 1996 preemption of local health considerations in infrastructure siting, antennas have been mounted within mere feet of dwellings. And, on build- ings with roof -mounted arrays, exposures can be lateral with top floors of adjacent buildings at: close range. It makes little sense to keep denying health symptoms that are being reported in good faith. Though the prevalence of such exposures is relatively new to a widespread popula- tion, we, nevertheless, have a 50 year observation period to draw from. The primary questions now involve specific ex- posure parameters, not the reality of the complaints or at- tempts to attribute such complaints to psychosomatic causes, malingering, or beliefs in paranormal phenomenon. That line of argument is insulting to regulators, citizens, and their physicians. Serious mitigation efforts are overdue. There is early Russian and U.S. documentation of long- term, very low-level exposures causing microwave sickness as contained in The Johns Hopkins Foi ign Service Health Statics Study done in 1978 (Lilienfield et al. 1978; United States Senate 1979). This study contains both clinical infor- mation, and clear exposure parameters. Called the Lilien- field study, it was conducted between 1953 and 1976 to determine what, if any, effects there had been to personnel Environ. Rev. Vol. 18, 2010 in the U.S. Embassy in Moscow after it was discovered that the Soviet government had been systematically irradiating the U.S. government compound there. The symptoms reported were not due to any known tissue heating properties. The power densities were not only very low but the propagation characteristics were remarkably similar to what we have today with cell phone base stations. Lilienfield recorded exposures for continuous-wave, broad- band, modulated RFR in the frequency ranges between 0.6 and 9.5 GHz. The exposures were long-term and low-level at 6 to 8 h per day, 5 days per week, with the average length of exposure time per individual between 2 to 4 years. Mod- ulation information contained phase, amplitude, and pulse variations with modulated signals being transmitted for 48 h or less at a time. Radiofrequency power density was be- tween 2 and 28 l.tW/cm'- — levels comparable to recent: studies cited in this paper. The symptoms that Lilienfield found included four that fit the Soviet description for dermographism — eczema, psoria- sis, allergic, and inflammatory reactions. Also found were neurological problems with diseases of peripheral neves and ganglia in males; reproductive problems in females dur- ing pregnancy, childbearing, and the period immediately after delivery (puerperium); Turnor increases (malignant in females, benign in males); hematological alterations; and effects on mood and well-being including .irritability, depres- sion, loss of appetite, concentration, and eye problems. This description of symptoms in the early literature is nearly identical to the Santini, Abdel-Rassoul, and hlarvarro studies cited earlier, as well as the current (though still anecdotal) reports in communities where broadcast facilities have switched from analog to digital signals at power intensities that are remarkably similar. In addition, the symptoms in the older literature are also quite similar to complaints in people with EHS. Such reports of adverse effects on well-being are occur- ring worldwide near cell infrastructure and this does not ap- pear to be related to emotional perceptions of risk. Similar Symptoms have also been recorded at: varying distances from broadcast towers. It is clear that something else is going on in populations exposed to low-level RFR that com- puter-generated RFR propagation models and obsolete expo- sure standards, which only protect against acute exposures, do not encompass or understand. With the increase in so many RFR-emitting devices today, as well as the many in the wings that will dramatically increase total exposures to the population from infrastructure alone, it may be tim,. to approach this from a completely different perspective. It might be more realistic to consider ambient outdoor and indoor RFR exposures in the same way we consider other environmental hazards such as chernicals from building ma- terials that cause sick building syndrome. In considering public heath, we should concentrate on aggregate exposures from multiple sources, rather than continuing to focus on in- dividual source points like cell and broadcast base stations. In addition, whole categorically excluded technologies must be included for systems like Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, smart grids, and smart metering as these can greatly increase ambient ra- diation levels. Only in that way will low-level electro- magnetic energy exposures be understood as the broad environmental factor it is. Radiofrequency radiation is a Published by NRC Research Press `- Levitt and Lai form of energetic air pollution and it should be controlled as such. Our current predilection to take this one product or service at a time does not encompass what we already know beyond reasonable doubt. Only when aggregate expo- sures are better understood by consumers will disproportion- ate resistance to base station siting bring more intelligent debate into the public arena and help create safer infrastruc- ture. That can also benefit the industries trying to satisfy customers who want such services. Safety to populations living or working near communica- tions infrastructure has not been given the kind of attention it deserves. Aggregate ambient outdoor and indoor expo- sures should be emphasized by summing up levels from dif- ferent generating source points in the vicinity. Radiofrequency radiation should be treated and regulated like radon and toxic chemicals, as aggregate exposures, with appropriate recommendations made to the public in- cluding for consumer products that may produce significant RFR levels indoors. When indoor consumer products such as wireless routers, cordless/DECT phones, leaking micro- wave ovens, wireless speakers, and (or) security systems, etc. are factored in with nearby outdoor transmission infra- structure, indoor levels may rise to exposures that are un- safe. The contradictions in the studies should not be used to paralyze movement toward safer regulation of consumer products, new infrastructure creation, or better tower siting. Enough good science exists regarding long-term low-level exposures — the most prevalent today —to warrant caution. The present. U.S. guidelines for RFR exposure are not up to date. The most recent IEEE and NCRP guidelines used by the U.S. FCC have not taken many pertinent recent studies into consideration because, they argue, the results of many of those studies have not been replicated and thus are not valid for standards setting. That is a specious argument. It implies that someone tried to replicate certain works but failed to do so, indicating the studies .in question are unreli- able. However, in most cases, no one has tried to exactly replicate the works at all. It must be pointed out that the 4 W/kg SAR threshold based on the de Lorge studies have also not been replicated independently. In addition, effects of long-term exposure, modulation, and other propagation characteristics are not considered. Therefore, the current guidelines are questionable in protecting the public from possible harmful effects of RFR exposure and the U.S. FCC should take steps to update their regulations by taking all re- cent research into consideration without waiting for replica- tion that may never come because of the scarcity of research funding. The ICNIRP standards are more lenient in key ex- posures to the population than current U.S. FCC regulations. The U.S. standards should not be "harmonized" toward more lenient allowances. The ICNIRP should become more protective instead. All standards should be biologically based, not dosimetry based as is the case today. Exposure of the general population to RFR from wireless communication devices and transmission towers should be kept to a ininimum and should follow the "As Low As Rea- sonably Achievable" (ALARA) principle. Some scientists, organizations, and local govermnents recommend very low exposure levels — so low, in fact, that many wireless indus- tries claim they cannot function without many more anten- nas in a given area. However, a denser infrastructure may 389 be impossible to attain because of citizen unwillingness to live in proximity to so many antennas. In general, die lowest regulatory standards currently in place aim to accomplish a maximum exposure of 0.02 V/m, equal to a power density of 0.0001 i.rW/cm'-, which is in line with Salzburg, Austria's indoor exposure value for GSM cell base stations. Other pre- cautionary target levels aim for an outdoor cumulative expo- sure of 0.1 ttW/cm'- for pulsed RF exposures where they affect the general population and an indoor exposure as low as 0.01 µ,W/cnh'- (Sage and Carpenter 2009). hi 2007, The Biolnitiati.ve Report, A rationale for a biologically based public exposure standard for electromagnetic fields (ELF and RF), also made this recommendation, based on the pre- cautionary principle (Bioinitiative Report 2007). Citizens and municipalities often ask for firm setbacks from towers to guarantee safety. There are many variables involved with safer tower siting — such as how many pro- viders are co -located, at what frequencies they operate, the tower's height, surrounding topographical characteristics, the presence of metal objects, and others. Hard and fast set- backs are difficult to recommend in all circumstances. De- ployment of base stations should be kept as efficient as possible to avoid exposure of the public to unnecessary high levels of RFR. As a general guideline, cell base sta- tions should not be located less than 1500 ft (-500 m) from the population, and at a height of about 150 ft (-50 in). Several of the papers previously cited indicate that symptoms lessen at that distance, despite the many var- iables involved. However, with new technologies now being added to cell towers such as Wi-Max networks, which add significantly more power density to the environment, set- back recommendations can be a very unpredictable reassur- ance at. best. New technology should be developed to reduce the energy required for effective wireless communication. In addition, regular RFR monitoring of base stations should be considered. Some communities require that ambi- ent background levels be measured at specific distances from proposed tower sites before, and after, towers go on- line to establish baseline data in case adverse effects in the population are later reported. The establishment of such baselines would help epidemiologists determine what changed in the environment at a specific point in time and help better assess if RFR played a role in health effects. Un- fortunately, with so much background RFR today, it is al- most impossible to find a clean RFR environment.. Pretesting may have become impossible in many places. This will certainly be the case when smart grid technologies create a whole new blanket of low-level RFR, with millions of new transceivers attached to people's -homes and applian- ces, working off of centralized RFR hubs in every neighbor- hood. That one technology alone has the ability to permanently negate certain baseline data points. The increasing popularity of wireless technologies makes understanding actual enviromnental exposures more critical with each passing day. This also includes any potential ef- fects on wildlife. There is a new environmental concept tak- ing form — that of "air as habitat" (Manville 2007) for species such as birds, bats, and insects, in the same way that water is considered habitat for marine life. Until now, air has been considered something "used" but not necessa- rily "lived in" or critical to the survival of species. How - Published by NRC Research Press 390 ever, when air is considered habitat, RFR is among the po- tential pollutants with an ability to adversely affect other species. It. is a new area of inquiry deserving of immediate funding and research. References Abdel-Rassoul, G., El-Fatch, O.A., Salem, M.A., Micgael, A., Far- ahat, F., and Salem, E. 2007. Neurobehavioral effects among in- habitants around mobile phone base stations. 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ABC 23 contacted PG&E who said they are not aware of any smart meters catching fire or blowing zip. However the PG&E technician told the employee as he was replacing the meter, that he had replaced at least 15 meters around town due to the sante problem they had, said an employee.' Wireless Smart Meters and Potential, for Electrical Fires Commentary by Cindy .Sage, Sage Associates and James J. Biergiel, EMF Electrical Consultant July 2010 Typioal gauge electrical wining that provides electricity to buildings (6o Hzpower) is not constructed or intended to carry high frequency harmonics that are increasingly present on normal electrical wiring. The exponential increase in use of appliances, variable speed . motors, office and computer equipment and wireless technologies.hasgreatly increased these harmonics in community electrical grids and the buildings they serve with electricity. Harmonics are higherfrequencies than 6o Hz that carry more energy, and ride along on the electrical wiring in bursts. Radiofrequency (RF) is an unintentional by-product on this electrical wiring. It may be contributing to electrical fires where there is a weak spot (older wiring, undersized neutrals for the electrical load, poor grounding, use of aluminum conductors, etc.). The use of smart meters will place an entirely new and significantly increased burden on existing electrical wiring because of the very short, very high intensity wireless emissions (radio frequency bursts) that the meters produce to signal the utility about energy usage. There have now been electrical fires reported where smart meters have been installed in several counties in California, in Alabama, and in other countries like New Zealand. Reports detail that 02/27/2012 City Council Meeting Agenda Packet Item #7E{1)2/23/2012 Smart Meter Fires and Explosions j EMF Safety Network Page 17 of 23 the meters themselves can smoke, smolder and catch fire, they can eiplode, or they can simply create overcurrent conditions on the electrical circuits. Electrical wiring it is not sized for the amount of energy that radio frequency and microwave radiation. These unintended signals that can come from new wireless sources of many kinds are particularly a worry for the new smart meters thatproduce very high intensity radiofrequency energy in short bursts. Electrical fires are likely.to be a potential problem. Electrical wiring was never intended to carry this — what amounts to an RF pollutant — on the wiring. The higher the frequency, the greater the energy contained. It's not the voltage, but it is the current that matters. RF harmonics on electrical systems can come from computers, printers, FAX machines, electronic ballasts and other sources like variable speed motors and appliances that distort the normal, smooth &o hertz sine wave of electrical power and put bursts of higher energy RF onto the wiring. Wireless smart meters don't intentionally use the electrical system to send their RF signal back to the utility (to report energy usage, etc). But, when the wireless signal is produced in the meter... it boomerangs around on all the conductive components and can be coupled onto the wiring, water and gas lines, etc. where it can be carried to other parts of the residence or building. It is an over -current condition on the wiring. It produces heat where the neutral cannot properly handle it. The location of the fire does NOT have to be in close proximity to the main electrical panel where the smart meter is installed. A forensic team investigating any electricaIf f re should now be looking for connections to smart meters as a possible contributing factor to fires. Every electrical, fire should be investigated for the presence of smart meter installation. Were smart meters installed anywhere in the main electrical panel for this building? For fires that are `unexplained'or termed electrical in nature, fire inspectors should check whether smart meters were installed within the last year or so at the main panel serving the buildings. They should question contractors and electricians who may have observed damage from the fire such as damage along a neutral, melted aluminum conductor or other evidence that would imply an overcurrent condition. They should also look for a scorched or burned smart meter, or burn or smoke damage to the area around the smart meter. Problems may be seen immediately, with a smart meter smoking or exploding. Or, it may be months before the right conditions prevail and a neutral circuit overloads and causes afire. The fire may or may not be right at the smart meter. Some questions that should be asked include: Were smart meters installed in the main electrical panelfor this building? Problems may be seen immediately, with a smart meter smoking or exploding. Or, it may be months before the right conditions prevail and a neutral circuit overloads and causes afire. The fire may or may not be 2/23/2012 Smart Meter Fires and Explosions j EMF Safety Network Page 18 of 23 at the smart meter. Any smart meter installed in a main panel might start an electrical fire in that building; it would not be necessary for the unit itself to have a smart meter. The RFeenissions from any smart meter in the main panel might trigger an electrical fire at any location in the building served by this main panel because harmonics can and will travel anywhere on electrical wiring of that building. Is there damage at the smart meter itself (burning, scorching, eiplosion)? Was there fere damage, a source, or a suspicious area around the neutral where it connected to the main panel or at the breaker panel? Was the damage around a. lug at a connection on the neutral conductor in the attic at Xanadu? Was there any indication of heating or scorching or other thermal damage around the neutral in the area of the fere? Was aluminum conductor present? Aluminum conductors that were installed in the 'los are today recognized as more of a problem for heating than copper wire. Was the aluminum, if present, showing heat damage or melting? Even before smart meters were being installed widely in California, people who know something about EMFand RF were expressing concerns that this kind of thing would likely happen (electrical fires due to overcurren t condition from RF signal). What is already posttdated, and of concern, is that the rising use of equipment that put RF harmonics onto the electrical wiring of buildings may overload that wiring. Faulty wiring, faulty grounding or over -burdened electrical wiring may be unable to take the additional energy load. 19 Responses to Smart Meter Fires and Explosions Rxvii ib Dafferner says: Gay 2 , 2011 a! 7.44 am Smart meters fires are now occuring in Houston as well through Centerpoint. I had to pay $875 after a smart meter caused a fire at the meter box. A third party installer North Houston Pole Line did the installation work. According to Centerpoint, a hang tag is supposed to placed in situations where older electrical wiring is present. Apparently, older wiring can cause fires during the installation process. I was told by Centerpoint that the meter box needed to be up to date and they denied my claim. I also know of someone whose appliances burned out following a surge caused by a smart meter install. I wound up using an attorney who was able to recover my costs. He is now specializing in these cases since they are popping up all over the country causing property damage and physical harm. Contact Brad Leigh at the Leigh Law Firm (281) 41g-3476. 2/23/2012 hftp://www.stopsmartmetersbc.ca A message for Fire Fighters and Insurers : It is not the intent of this message to convince the reader that Smart Meters are the cause of fires. it is the intent to provide information that hints at a correlation between Smart Meters and fires that appear to occur in their vicinity. I A number of suspicious fires that appear to have started in the vicinity of Smart Meters -II Indications that Smart Meters might have caused these fires III Possibilities as to bMy they might have caused these fires IV Implications for Insurers 1. Suspicious Fires in the vicinity of smart meters: 1. 10/31/2011 — Green Acres, Florida (View Video): ... a spokesperson for the [Florida Power] utility said they'd responded to 30 complaints related to meter fires. http:/Jwww.wptv.00m/dpp/news/region_c_paim_beach_county/som"omeowners-eoncemed-about-meter-installation 2. 8/25/2011 —"When 80 PG&E Smart Meters caught on fire and burned out after a power surge in East Palo Alto on Aug. 25, the incident raised questions for some residents and utility officials about the safety of the new digital devices. hftp:// www.paloaltoontine.com/news/show_story.php?id=22378 3. 12/03/2011 Nanaimo Canada mother of two left without power for two days after Smart meter smoked and caused a power outage: hftp://youtu.bel9NO6wix8UFc 4.10/04/2011 Toronto Sun - "Pickering smart meter explodes. Worse, couple may have to pay for replacement." http:// www.torontosun.com/201i/10/04/pickering-smart-meter-explodes 5. 311/2012 Australia: "Electrical Trades Union again calls for suspension of smart meter rollout ETU secretary Dean Mighell said about half a dozen more damaged meters had `exploded" since last week in Hadfield, Coburg and Pascoe Vale. About 1700 homes in the Pascoe Vale area had beery affected by power surges, he said. Power supplier Jemena has replaced six smart meters around Pascoe Vale that failed during a power surge in early January. Spokesman Scots Parker said a further 55 would be replaced by next Wednesday as a precaution." httpJ/www.heraldsun.com.au/news/more-news/smart-meter- death-fears/story- fn7x8me2-1226285463342 II. Indications that Smart Meters may have caused the fires: 1. 3/1/2012 From Norman Lambe (LA Home and Business Insurance Examiner). `For myself, as an adjuster, i believe the Smart Meters are a real a threat to the safety of your home, business and property. I have personally worked two large homeowner fires jn which the Smart Meters were determined as responsible. Also, they have been responsible for several small fires in which appliances and computers have been destroyed." http://www.examiner loom/home-and-businesr,4n4os-angeles/the-not-so-smart-meter-1 2. 8/24/2011 Canadian News reports an 81 year old's refrigerator failed minutes after a Smart Meter was installed. http://www.richmondreview.com/news/i28323478.html 3. 11/7/2011 - Australia: "Fire investigators probe link between smart meters and house fires. Chief Fire Officer Shane Wright said there had been three fires in the last four weeks at homes where smart meters had been recently installed. He denied the fires were caused by the actual smart meters. "It's actually about fires involving switchboards where smart meters have just been installed," he told 3AW s Neil Mitchell program"' http://wwwJwraldsunxomaulnews/more-news/fire-investigators-probe-link-between-smart-meterr,and-house-fires/story- fn7x8me2-1226287300199 4. 1/21/2012 - Australia "Hamish Fitzsimmons, an ABC (Australia) reporter for Lateiine, raised concerns about the meters after a fire at his Northcote home on the weekend. Fitzsimmons says the fire, which started behind the smart meter, caused extensive damage to at least one room of the house. He says City Power, which installed the meter, has denied responsibility. ABC 774 Melbourne. httpJ/www.abc.net.aulnewsl2012-01-311premier-defends-27safe27-smart-meters/3802368 Reference to home wiring. 5. 8/25/2011 Palo Alto Power surge, raises questions about Smart Meters, "a good example of how sometimes the old way is the good way". http://www.paloaltoonIine.com/news/show_Story.php?id=22378 6.916/2011 California "Mindy Spatt, communications director for The Utility Reform Network (TURN), said the utility - consumer advocacy group received many complaints about surges damaging appliances when the SmartMeters were first installed. In the best -case scenario; the event in East Palo Alto is an additional cause for concern, she said." Comparing analog to the new meters, she added, "In the collective memory of TURN, we have not seen similar incidents with analog meters" http://Www.paloaltoonline.cominewslshow story.php?id=22378 7. 11/7/2011 Switchboard fires in Australia area http://www.3aw.com.aulblogs/breaking-news-blogtfires-finked4o-smart-meters/201111074 n2jz.html III, possibilities as to how Smart Meters might have caused the fires: A. Faulty installation: 1. 1013112011— Green Acres, Florida (View Video): ... a spokesperson for the [Florida Power] utility said 'You could have wiring issues if you have dimming lights or power issues on one end of your home and not the other." [The fires have been attributed to damaged wiring components, and not the Smart Meters themselves. In some cases, these may have resulted from faulty installations] http://www.wptv.com/d pp/news/region_c_palm_beach_county/some-homeowners-concemed-about-meter-installation 2. 812010 - Arlington, Texas - Alarmed by reports of two house fires within two days back in August 2010, concerned resident, Cindy Carriger, obtained a copy of the resulting fire report from the Arlington Fire Department. From the report, she learned the fires were caused by Oncor technicians while replacing the analog electric meter with a "smart" meter. http:// www.bantexassmartmeters.com/smart-meter-fire-reportl . 3. 8/21/2009 CaliforniaThe following letter and photo were sent to the EMF Safety Network from a California fire department captain (Ross) who saved his home from a potential Smart Meter fire in 2009. PG&E has admitted that Smart Meters have interfered with GFI's and AFCI's, but they have not admitted to any connection with a Smart Meter fire. Smart Meter Arcing Hazard http://emfsafetyn etwork.org/? p=4904 4.6/3/2010 - New Zealand: Fire Prone Meter Boxes causing Concern 'Front line firefighters are concerned about the number of household power meter boxes that are bursting into flames. There have been 67 callouts in Christchurch to electrical malfunctions so far this year, and new smart meters have been involved in three in the last five days. Graham Hobbs considers himself lucky. He was woken at 4:30am to find his smart meter on fire. "I lifted this up it was still glowing and smoking, and slammed it shut to try and seal it off." The following night Kelvin Dixon, who lives nearby, suffered a similar fate. "I pulled into my drive way and found my meter box on fire great amounts of smoke" Mr. Dixon is a registered electrician and says the contactor that sits beneath the smart meter caught fire and melted." http://www.3n6ws.Go.nz/Fire-prone-meter-boxes-causing-coneemitabid/423/articieID/159133/Default.aspx B. Faulty meters: One of the novel.features in the new meters is the incorporation of an internal disconnect switch that the power company purports safely disconnects/reconnects power to the dwelling it supplies by remote control. This disconnect feature is a new and significant change to the old style analog meters. The safety of the new disconnect feature is in question. http://lhope.org/hopeblog/unknown-safety-of-smarbneters-new-disconnect-switch/ C. Faulty technology and erring technologists (tripping AFCI`s, power surges, arcing, improper wiring, harmonic currents) 1. Remodeler finds SmartMeter interference with circuit breakers By Dennis Rockstroh of mercurynews.com Posted: 0911212010" ...It took some prodding, but eventually one of the PG&E crew told me that they have been observing that AFCls are sensitive to the meter's radio transmissions. "http://emfsafetynetwork.orgl?page id=1280 2. Many Victorian (Australia) homes have a switchboard backed with chipboard where the electricity meter is mounted. Any electrical fault, such as arcing (due to loose or rushed installation of wiring) can easily ignite and spread through the smart meter's material and onwards to the switchboard. http://webdevsys.com/smartMeterFire.htm (hyperlink) 3. 14 Feb 2011 - Rob Irving had a smart meter installed without his knowledge whilst away from home. He retumed from 4 weeks holiday only to find the safety switch was tripped out for a week due to a 'hot wired' smart meter installation. His fridge had stopped running, all the food had gone off and the water had leaked all over the floor, causing his house to become 'a shambles'. http://webdevsys.com/smartElectricityMeters.htm N. Implications for Insurers 1. 8/24/2011 Canadian News reports The 81 year old whose refrigerator failed minutes after a Smart Meter was installed was told by Corix Utilities that the company denied responsibility. So who pays? http://www.richmondreview.comfnews/128323478.htmi 2. After a Smart Meter was installed in this Florida woman's home she said the meter "caught fire and fried my beautiful new kitchen" — over $31,000 in damages to many of her home appliances. The Florida power company refuses to take the blame." So who pays for it? httpJ/www. wsvn. com/featureslarticleslheipmehowardIM1922491 3. July 15, 2011, Houston, Texas Many complaints of damaged appliances and homes, ufility companies refuse to accept responsibility. So who pays? http://www. myfoxhouston. com/dpp/news4ocaU110715-electrician-steps-up-when-centerpoint=wont 4. 3/1/2012 Australia: Electrical Trades Union again calls for suspension of smart meter rollout The state's electrical union fears someone will have to die before safety concerns about controversial smart meters are addressed...The Electrical Trades Union has repeated demands to suspend the rollout until power companies commit to mounting all meters on flame -resistant boards." httD:// www.heraidsun.com.au/news/more-news/smart-meter-death-fears/story-f n7x8me2-1226285463342 These reports of suspicious fires are just a sample of those available and, should these serve to pique the interest, there are countless more reports waiting to be viewed on the internet. Two primary sites are: hftp://emfsafetynetwork.org/?page_ld=1280 and http://www.stopsmartmetembc.calhbnlf?page—id=3138 It may be of interest to note that: 1) it is not a requirement that Corix installers be licensed electricians. They are given 2 weeks training; 2) BC Hydro equipment does not have to be certified safe by CSA or UL, and, therefore, the smart meters have no independent safety certification. This report has been prepared by Dennis and Sharon Noble, information gathered by Paul Rothe, all members of the Coalition to Stop Smart Meters. Contact: Sharon Noble, Director, 250.478-7892; email director@stopsmartmetersbc.ca. CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING Port Angeles, Washington June 10, 2014 CALL TO ORDER SPECIAL MEETING A Special City Council meeting was called to coincide with the Utility Advisory Committee meeting. Being no quorum present, a Special City Council meeting was not conducted. ROLL CALL Members Present: Councilmembers Bruch, Gase and Whetham. Members Absent: Mayor Di Guilio, Deputy Mayor Downie and Councilmembers Collins and Kidd. Dan Di Guilio, Mayor Janessa Hurd, City Clerk E-1 CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING Port Angeles, Washington June 24, 2014 CALL TO ORDER SPECIAL MEETING: Mayor Di Guilio called the special meeting of the Port Angeles City Council to order at 5:01 p.m. ROLL CALL: Members Present: Mayor Di Guilio, Deputy Mayor Downie, Councilmembers Bruch, Kidd, Gase and Whetham. Members Absent: Councilmember Collins. Staff Present: City Manager McKeen, Attorney Bloor, Acting Clerk K. Bailey, C. Fulton, B. Olson, N. West, K. Dubuc, T. Gallagher, C. Delikat & H. Greenwood. WORKSESSION: 1. 2014 Budget / Criminal Justice Costs City Manager McKeen conducted a PowerPoint presentation in order to provide Council with an update regarding the City's 2014 Budget, including discussion on the increase in Criminal Justice Costs and the impact is has on the current budget. Council discussion followed. Attorney Bloor provided a detailed summary of Criminal Justice Costs, adding how costs have increased over the year and how they have impacted the City's overall budget. He provided Council with a breakdown on court costs as well as comparisons with other Washington cities. He spoke about diversion programs and the financial benefits these types of programs could have on the budget by diverting offenders from serving jail time and instituting other methods of detention such as the use of home monitoring systems. Attorney Bloor stated additional information would be provided at the July 15, 2014 City Council Meeting. Council discussion followed. Clallam District Court 1 Judge Rick Porter spoke of pre judgment and post -judgments driving criminal justice costs. He discussed using more selective measures when determining who will be assigned jail time. Council discussion followed. ADJOURNMENT: Mayor Di Guilio adjourned the meeting at 6:47 p.m. Dan Di Guilio, Mayor Kari Bailey, Acting City Clerk E -2 CITY COUNCIL MEETING Port Angeles, Washington July 1, 2014 CALL TO ORDER SPECIAL MEETING: Mayor Di Guilio called the special meeting of the Port Angeles City Council to order at 5:30 p.m. ROLL CALL: Members Present: Mayor Di Guilio, Deputy Mayor Downie, Councilmembers Bruch, Collins, Gase and Whetham. Members Absent: Councilmember Kidd. Staff Present: City Manager McKeen, Attorney Bloor, Clerk Hurd, C. Fulton, B. Olson, N. West and H. Greenwood. EXECUTIVE SESSION: Based on input from Attorney Bloor, Mayor Di Guilio announced the need for an Executive Session, under the authority of RCW 42.30.110(1)(i) for the purpose of discussing potential litigation with legal counsel, for approximately 20 minutes. The Executive Session convened at 5:31 p.m. RETURN TO OPEN SESSION: The Executive Session concluded at 5:49 p.m. No action was taken. ADJOURNMENT: Mayor Di Guilio adjourned the Special Meeting at 5:49 p.m. CALL TO ORDER -REGULAR MEETING: Mayor Di Guilio called the regular meeting of the Port Angeles City Council to order at 6:00 p.m. ROLL CALL: Members Present: Mayor Di Guilio, Deputy Mayor Downie, Councilmembers Bruch, Collins, Gase, Kidd and Whetham. Members Absent: None. Staff Present: City Manager McKeen, Attorney Bloor, Clerk Hurd, C. Delikat, K. Dubuc, C. Fulton, T. Gallagher, B. Olson, N. West, S. Johns, K. Bogues, B. McFall, D. Bellamente, H. Greenwood, T. Nevaril, A. Gates, S. Wright, T. Reid, D. Eaton, T. Agesson, J. Church, B. Kroh, A. Heuett, J. Viada, K. Miller, B. Smith, G. Roggenbuck, A. Brusseau and J. Nutter. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE: Mayor Di Guilio led the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag CEREMONIAL MATTERS, PROCLAMATIONS & EMPLOYEE RECOGNITIONS 1. Retire "Kilo" K-9 Service Animal Police Chief Gallagher presented Officer Al Brusseau and his K-9 companion Kilo with a shadow-box honoring Kilo's service to the Port Angeles Police Department. 2. Fire Department — Badge Pinning Ceremony Fire Chief Dubuc introduced Doug Eaton, the City's new Firefighter/Paramedic, and his wife Christina, who then pinned on his new badge. 3. Promotion of Abbi Gates to Human Resources Manager Manager McKeen announced the promotion of Abbi Gates as the New Human Resources Manager. E-3 PUBLIC COMMENT: Devon Graywolf, 438 Lopez, spoke in favor of preserving the trees at Lincoln Park and building monuments in the park. William Hunt, 438 Lopez encouraged the City to become green and provide our own energy through solar, wind and other types of green energy. Peter Ripley, 114 E. 61h St., spoke regarding the City's need to disconnect from Bonneville Power Administration and become energy independent through green energy measures. OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: 1. Solid Waste Wrap -Up Chief Financial Officer Olson conducted a PowerPoint presentation regarding the finalization of the Solid Waste bonds. He introduced Lindsay Sovde with Piper Jaffray and Deanna Gregory with Pacifica Law, who both provided additional updates regarding the bonds. Council discussion followed. 2. Port Angeles Fine Arts Center Presentation — Paint the Peninsula Terri Miller and Dean Bensen conducted a presentation regarding the upcoming Plein Air event, "Paint the Peninsula". Terri Miller also presented a check from the Fine Arts Center Foundation for $8,500 to the City. Council discussion followed. Mayor Di Guilio recessed the meeting for a break at 7:05 p.m. The meeting reconvened at 7:15 p.m. PUBLIC HEARINGS — OTHER: 1. Capital Facilities Plan Manager McKeen introduced the Capital Facilities Plan presentation providing a brief history and describing the changes staff has made this year. Senior Accountant Agesson conducted a PowerPoint presentation with Public Works and Utilities Director Fulton regarding the 2015-2020 Capital Facilities Plan, outlining projects by utility. Council discussion followed. Mayor Di Guilio opened the public hearing at 8:22 p.m. Peter Ripley, 114 E. 61h St., spoke about the need for green energy to disconnect from Bonneville Power Administration. Mayor Di Guilio continued the public hearing at 8:24 p.m. to June 15, 2014. Mayor Di Guilio conducted a first reading of the Resolution by title, entitled, A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, adopting the Capital Facilities Plan for 2015-2020. Council discussion followed. CONSENT AGENDA: It was moved by Kidd and seconded by Bruch to approve the Consent Agenda to include: 1. City Council Minutes: June 17, 2014 2. Expenditure Approval List: 6/7/2014 to 6/20/2014 for $1,342,561.38 3. Agreement with Moss Adams, LLP, change order / authorize the City Manager to sign a change order with Moss Adams, LLP in the amount of $25, 000, for a total revised contract of $35, 000. Motion carried 7-0. ORDINANCES NOT REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS: 1. Budget Amendment 42 Chief Financial Officer Olson introduced Budget Officer Wright who provided a brief update regarding the proposed Budget Amendment 42. Council discussion followed. E -4 Mayor Di Guilio conducted a first reading of the ordinance by title, entitled, AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington amending the 2014 budget and funds. 2. Amendment to Fee Ordinance Title 3.70 Clerk Hurd provided a brief overview of the proposed ordinance, explaining the clerical changes made since the first reading. Council discussion followed. Mayor Di Guilio conducted a second reading of the ordinance by title, entitled, ORDINANCE NO. 3509 AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington making changes to Chapter 2.74 and Chapter 3.70 of the Port Angeles Municipal Code relating to fees and costs to public records. It was moved by Collins and seconded by Downie to: Approve the ordinance as read by title. Motion carried 7-0. 3. Street Trees Ordinance Community and Economic Development Director West presented the proposed Street Trees ordinance, stating the approval of such an ordinance is the first requirement for the City to become a Tree City USA. He stated the ordinance had been through a public hearing process at the Planning Commission, and the Commission forwarded a favorable recommendation. Council discussion followed. Mayor Di Guilio conducted a first reading of the ordinance by title, entitled, AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington adding a new Chapter 11.13 to Title 11 of the Port Angeles Municipal Code establishing a system for management of trees in the City of Port Angeles public rights-of- way. FINANCE: 1. Civic Field Funding Chief Financial Officer Olson, Parks and Recreation Director Delikat and Community and Economic Development Director West conducted a PowerPoint presentation regarding possible funding sources to fix Civic Field. Council discussion followed. Council agreed by consensus to form a task force to continue to review and research funding sources for Civic Field. It was moved by Collins and seconded by Downie to: Continue the meeting past 10:00 p.m. Motion carried 7-0. 2. I Street Transmission Line Upgrade Director Fulton introduced the I Street Transmission Line Upgrade explaining the need to rebuild a section of 69Kv transmission line between I -Street Substation and B Street. Council discussion followed. It was moved by Kidd and seconded by Gase to: Award and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with Salish Construction of Tacoma, WA, in the amount of $198,053.30, including tax, for the I Street Transmission Line Upgrade, and to make minor modifications to the contract, if necessary. Motion carried 7-0. E-5 3. Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Flow Monitoring, Project WW 14-2014 Director Fulton introduced the CSO Flow Monitoring Project explaining monitoring was a requirement of the City's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit. Council discussion followed. It was moved by Whetham and seconded by Downie to: Approve and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with ADS Environmental Services, LLC, for two years for a total bid amount of $127,221.25, including applicable taxes, and to make minor modifications to the agreement, if necessary. Motion carried 7-0. 4. Harbor Clean-up Process — Work Order No. 2 — Change Order No. 2 Councilmember Bruch recused herself from the agenda item due to her employer and left the Council Chambers. Attorney Bloor provided a brief summary of the proposed change order, stating the City's portion would total $39,050. He explained the change order was due to additional tasks needed as a result of discussions with the Washington State Department of Ecology. He also shared the additional costs will be reimbursable by the City's Insurance Companies. Council discussion followed. It was moved by Collins and seconded by Gase to: Authorize the City Manager to approve Work Order No. 2, Change Order No. 2, expanding the scope of work and increasing the total price from $573,000 to $729,700, and to approve minor modifications to the Work Order as needed. The City's share of the increase is $39,050. Council discussion followed. Motion carried 5-1, with Kidd against. Councilmember Bruch returned to the Council Chambers. CITY COUNCIL REPORTS: Councilmember Bruch spoke regarding the Tse -whit -sen Village receiving a designation with the National Registry of Historic Places. Councilmember Kidd spoke regarding her trip to Victoria to celebrate Canada Day. Mayor Di Guilio stated he and Councilmember Kidd will be at the Saturday Farmers' Market. Deputy Mayor Downie thanked the Mayor and staff for helping him welcome the Peace Torch Run to the City of Port Angeles and travel with them to Victoria to hand off the torch. He also discussed his plans with George Bergner to welcome 99 bicycle riders from Canada to ride up to Hurricane Ridge, with some riders also choosing to ride to Sequim and back as well. No other reports were given. INFORMATION: 1. Police Mid -Year Report 2. 2013 Wastewater Treatment Plant Outstanding Performance Award 3. Term Limit Memo Manager McKeen spoke regarding the reports in the packet and stated Governor Inslee would be here at City Hall to meet with staff tomorrow for 30 minutes. Council discussion followed regarding term limits and Council agreed by consensus to direct staff to bring back an ordinance amendment regarding changing the term limits from three to two terms. ADJOURNMENT: Mayor Di Guilio adjourned the meeting at 10:19 p.m. Dan Di Guilio, Mayor Janessa Hurd, City Clerk E-6 Reggies Lounge The Club City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Date: 7/9/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount BILL'S PLUMBING & HEATING INC SANIKAN RAYONIER SITE WFT 001-0000-239.96-00 85.00 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 001-0000-237.00-00 507.72 17.21 Excise Tax Return -May 001-0000-237.10-00 267.73 580.00 Excise Tax Return -May 001-0000-237.30-00 641.60 Andy Rose LOOMIS DEPOSITE REFUND RO 001-0000-239.10-00 50.00 Class of 2014 Senior Class Par VBCC DAMAGE DEPOSIT REFUN 001-0000-239.10-00 400.00 Josh Roening SALES TAX REFUND 001-0000-237.10-00 4.53 1,890.96 DAMAGE DEPOSIT REFUND 001-0000-239.10-00 50.00 Port Angeles Marathon Ass. CITY PIER DAMAGE DEPOSIT 001-0000-239.10-00 350.00 Rocy Mt. Elk Foundation VBCC DAMAGE DEPOSIT REFUN 001-0000-239.10-00 150.00 WA STATE PATROL LIVESCAN FP FOR APRIL 201 001-0000-229.50-00 280.00 LIVESCAN FP FOR MAY 2014 001-0000-229.50-00 263.50 WASHINGTON (DOL), STATE OF STATE SHARE CPLS FOR MAY 001-0000-229.60-00 423.00 Division Total: $3,473.08 Department Total: $3,473.08 ADVANCED TRAVEL Conf - Kidd 001-1160-511.43-10 575.51 Conf - Gase 001-1160-511.43-10 375.81 Legislative Mayor & Council Division Total: $951.32 Legislative Department Total: $951.32 ADVANCED TRAVEL Conf - McKeen 001-1210-513.43-10 167.75 CANON USA, INC OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 001-1210-513.45-31 116.84 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-1210-513.42-10 10.25 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-1210-513.31-60 99.52 EXHIBIT INDEXES 001-1210-513.31-01 56.27 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 001-1210-513.45-31 39.51 City Manager Department City Manager Office Division Total: $490.14 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-1220-516.42-10 7.35 City Manager Department Human Resources Division Total: $7.35 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-1230-514.42-10 5.24 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 001-1230-514.44-10 33.18 City Manager Department City Clerk Division Total: $38.42 City Manager Department Department Total: $535.91 Reggies Lounge The Club REFUND FOR MAY GAMBLING T 001-2001-317.51-00 500.75 Finance Department Finance Revenues Division Total: $500.75 ADVANCED TRAVEL Conf. & bond pricing - O 001-2010-514.43-10 498.14 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-2010-514.42-10 17.21 CAROL HAGAR Training -Administration 001-2010-514.41-50 580.00 Finance Department Finance Administration Division Total: $1,095.35 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-2023-514.42-10 2.02 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 001-2023-514.49-50 746.25 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR Crucial Memory 001-2023-514.31-60 1,890.96 Returned Item 001-2023-514.31-60 -1,890.92 Pagel E - 7 Vendor PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC WASHINGTON (AUDITOR), STATE OF Finance Department CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES EQUIFAX FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP Ply 7��iP►\�i91 7��X� Finance Department CANON USA, INC �rru�-� i•��i�Yyna.�rrK•�n� SHARP ELECTRONICS CORP UNITED PARCEL SERVICE Finance Department CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Attorney CLALLAM CNTY DIST 1 COURT CLALLAM PUBLIC DEFENDER CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES MYERS, STAN Attorney ADVANCED TRAVEL CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR Community Development CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES VERIZON WIRELESS Community Development CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES VERIZON WIRELESS Community Development Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Description MICROFICHE, MICROFILM FINANCIAL SERVICES Accounting May scan charges CREDIT REPORTS Shipping Chgs 06-13 a/c 271272753-00001 Customer Service OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 2ND QTR FOLDER INSERTER OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS Shipping Chgs Shipping Chgs Reprographics Finance Department Account Number 001-2023-514.31-01 001-2023-514.41-50 Division Total: 001-2025-514.42-10 001-2025-514.41-50 001-2025-514.48-10 001-2025-514.42-10 Division Total: 001-2080-514.45-31 001-2080-514.45-31 001-2080-514.45-30 001-2080-514.45-31 001-2080-514.45-31 001-2080-514.42-10 001-2080-514.42-10 Division Total: Department Total: May scan charges 001-3010-515.42-10 Attorney Office Division Total: D.CT.CHARGES FOR JUNE 001-3021-515.50-90 Public Defender Fees 001-3021-515.41-50 May scan charges 001-3021-515.42-10 Indigent Legal Fees 001-3021-515.41-50 Prosecution Division Total: Attorney Department Total: Conf - West 001-4010-558.43-10 May scan charges 001-4010-558.42-10 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-4010-558.31-60 Planning Division Total: May scan charges 001-4020-524.42-10 06-15 a/c 264230412-00003 001-4020-524.42-10 Building Division Total: May scan charges 001-4030-559.42-10 06-15 a/c 264230412-00003 001-4030-559.42-10 Code Compliance Division Total: Community Development Department Total: CENTURYLINK-QWEST COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 001-5010-521.42-10 COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 001-5010-521.42-10 06-23 A/C 206T411918873B 001-5010-521.42-10 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-5010-521.42-10 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-5010-521.31-60 OLYMPIC PENINSULA HUMANE SOCIETY 1ST QTR 2014 DOG LICENSES 001-5010-322.30-11 Invoice Amount 183.19 36,748.16 $37,679.66 8.75 80.23 20.12 68.36 $177.46 351.55 365.51 616.44 672.41 153.57 67.80 22.60 $2,249.88 $41,703.10 10.25 $10.25 8,896.76 3,684.75 12.34 3,684.75 $16,278.60 $16,288.85 87.38 13.99 99.52 $200.89 0.07 53.33 $53.40 6.73 35.55 $42.28 $296.57 199.03 64.74 57.46 36.98 199.04 195.00 Page 2 E - 8 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount OLYMPIC PENINSULA HUMANE SOCIETY 1ST QTR 2014 CAT LICENSES 001-5010-322.30-12 32.00 Police Department Police Administration Division Total: $784.25 OLYMPIC PENINSULA HUMANE SOCIETY LAB &FIELD EQUIP,BIO,BOT 001-5012-521.41-50 10,412.50 Police Department Intergovernmental Svcs Division Total: $10,412.50 ADVANCED TRAVEL Conf - Smith 001-5021-521.43-10 91.50 BRATWEAR CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5021-521.20-80 517.61 CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5021-521.31-11 938.75 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-5021-521.42-10 12.04 THOMSON REUTERS -WEST POLICE EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY 001-5021-521.49-01 212.84 Police Department Investigation Division Total: $1,772.74 BRATWEAR CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5022-521.20-80 540.37 CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5022-521.20-80 495.93 CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5022-521.20-80 566.39 CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5022-521.20-80 996.74 CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5022-521.31-11 938.74 CLOTHING & APPAREL 001-5022-521.31-11 1,877.49 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-5022-521.42-10 24.51 GRAINGER POLICE EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY 001-5022-521.31-80 317.51 POLICE EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY 001-5022-521.31-80 527.95 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-5022-521.31-60 1,322.11 LYNN PEAVEY COMPANY POLICE EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY 001-5022-521.31-01 394.30 Kevin Miller SHADOW BOX FOR ENSOR,KILO 001-5022-521.31-01 340.25 Leed LESS LETHAL MUNITIONS ORD 001-5022-521.35-01 3,130.38 Police Department Patrol Division Total: $11,472.67 CANON USA, INC OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 001-5029-521.45-31 275.64 OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 001-5029-521.45-31 138.86 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-5029-521.42-10 6.21 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-5029-521.31-60 199.04 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 001-5029-521.45-31 51.57 QUILL CORPORATION OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 001-5029-521.31-01 101.10 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC POLICE EQUIPMENT & SUPPLY 001-5029-521.31-01 35.93 Police Department Records Division Total: $808.35 LEGACY TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INC GENERATOR SERVICE/REPAIR 001-5050-521.48-10 663.09 Police Department Facilities Maintenance Division Total: $663.09 Police Department Department Total: $25,913.60 CANON USA, INC SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.45-31 190.69 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-6010-522.42-10 5.46 May scan charges 001-6010-522.42-11 15.41 KARON'S FRAME CENTER SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.31-01 213.69 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.31-01 111.72 SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.31-01 166.32 SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.45-31 34.14 UNITED PARCEL SERVICE Shipping Chgs 001-6010-522.42-10 12.35 Page 3 E - 9 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount Fire Department Fire Administration Division Total: $749.78 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC SUPPLIES 001-6020-522.48-10 110.28 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-6020-522.42-10 0.22 INDUSTRIAL SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION INET Exchange 001-6020-522.41-50 -62.39 MASON, JAMES K SUPPLIES 001-6020-522.20-80 117.03 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC SUPPLIES 001-6020-522.31-01 15.11 VERIZON WIRELESS A/C 264395724-00001 001-6020-522.42-10 79.46 Fire Department Fire Suppression Division Total: $259.71 CLINICARE OF PORT ANGELES INC SUPPLIES 001-6021-522.41-50 120.00 SUPPLIES 001-6021-522.41-50 65.00 Fire Department Fire Volunteers Division Total: $185.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-6040-522.42-10 2.32 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-6040-522.31-60 99.52 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC PLASTICS 001-6040-522.31-01 38.97 VERIZON WIRELESS A/C 571099962-00001 001-6040-522.42-10 65.68 Fire Department Fire Training Division Total: $206.49 KNIGHT FIRE PROTECTION INC SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.41-50 225.47 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-01 5.39 SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-01 12.44 SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-01 23.24 SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-20 4.57 SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-20 27.10 Fire Department Facilities Maintenance Division Total: $298.21 Fire Department Department Total: $1,699.19 ADVANCED TRAVEL Workshop - Mahlum 001-7010-532.43-10 141.43 Seminar - Fulton 001-7010-532.43-10 119.60 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-7010-532.42-10 93.06 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-7010-532.31-60 298.56 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 001-7010-532.31-01 68.81 SUPPLIES 001-7010-532.31-01 70.11 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 001-7010-532.45-31 751.53 Public Works -Gen Fnd Pub Wks Administration Division Total: $1,543.10 Public Works -Gen Fnd Department Total: $1,543.10 ASM SIGNS SIGNS, SIGN MATERIAL 001-8010-574.41-50 1,138.20 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-8010-574.42-10 12.79 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-8010-574.31-60 212.44 Parks Dept Parks Administration Division Total: $1,363.43 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 001-8012-555.31-01 138.75 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-20 A/C 206T217227465B 001-8012-555.42-10 57.46 06-14 A/C 3604577004947B 001-8012-555.42-10 47.88 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-8012-555.42-10 1.20 KNIGHT FIRE PROTECTION INC SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV 001-8012-555.48-10 225.47 Parks Dept Senior Center Division Total: $470.76 Page 4 E -10 Vendor CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Parks Dept AMSAN ANGELES MILLWORK & LUMBER CO :r1 490F-Te1:1A 11111 a]n[eLY1IuuWd10IN KNIGHT FIRE PROTECTION INC LEGACY TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INC PUGET SAFETY EQUIPMENT INC SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC THURMAN SUPPLY WAVE BROADBAND Parks Dept AMSAN ANGELES MILLWORK & LUMBER CO Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Description May scan charges Excise Tax Return -May Ocean View Cemetery JANITORIAL SUPPLIES HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS PAINTS, COATI NGS, WALLPAPER HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS PAINTS, COATI NGS, WALLPAPER HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV GENERATOR SERVICE/REPAIR CLOTHING & APPAREL PIPE FITTINGS SHOES AND BOOTS SHOES AND BOOTS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS PAINTS, COATI NGS, WALLPAPER HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS PIPE FITTINGS PIPE FITTINGS ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS Park Facilities Parks Dept PLASTICS PLASTICS BRUSHES (NOT CLASSIFIED) HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS Account Number 001-8050-536.42-10 001-8050-536.49-50 Division Total: 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.48-10 001-8080-576.48-10 001-8080-576.48-10 001-8080-576.48-10 001-8080-576.48-10 001-8080-576.48-10 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-01 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.31-20 001-8080-576.48-10 Division Total: Department Total: 001-8131-518.31-01 001-8131-518.31-01 001-8131-518.31-01 001-8131-518.31-20 001-8131-518.31-20 Invoice Amount 2.24 110.55 $112.79 55.50 10.22 20.43 218.45 14.94 9.63 275.44 31.69 23.35 95.53 108.40 97.56 108.40 312.19 225.47 1,326.18 185.21 10.44 150.00 150.00 36.72 25.89 75.85 28.15 21.29 15.05 27.48 73.55 20.85 17.53 71.88 200.00 $4,043.27 $5,990.25 50.08 10.02 10.01 104.39 69.69 Page 5 E -11 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount HARTNAGEL BUILDING SUPPLY INC HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 001-8131-518.31-20 97.99 SARGENT ENGINEERING, INC ENGINEERING SERVICES 001-8131-518.48-10 1,585.12 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 001-8131-518.31-01 3.75 HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 001-8131-518.31-20 15.62 Facilities Maintenance Central Svcs Facilities Division Total: $1,946.67 Facilities Maintenance Department Total: $1,946.67 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-8221-574.42-10 6.70 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-8221-574.31-01 99.52 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC BRUSHES (NOT CLASSIFIED) 001-8221-574.31-01 75.51 Recreation Activities Sports Programs Division Total: $181.73 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 001-8224-574.42-10 2.47 Recreation Activities Youth/Family Programs Division Total: $2.47 Recreation Activities Department Total: $184.20 General Fund Fund Total: $100,525.84 3M MARKERS, PLAQUES,SIGNS 102-7230-542.31-25 233.07 A-1 PERFORMANCE, INC BUILDING MAINT&REPAIR SER 102-7230-542.41-50 86.34 ADVANCED TRAVEL Conf - Cameron 102-7230-542.43-10 329.44 Conf - Romero 102-7230-542.43-10 329.44 ANGELES MILLWORK & LUMBER CO HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 102-7230-542.31-25 71.65 CLALLAM CNTY DEPT OF HEALTH HEALTH RELATED SERVICES 102-7230-542.49-90 99.00 CLALLAM CNTY PUBLIC WORKS DEPT EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 102-7230-542.45-30 4,621.48 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 102-7230-542.42-10 0.45 JAD GROVES CDL REIMBURSEMENT FOR JAD 102-7230-542.49-90 85.00 PEN PRINT INC PAPER (OFFICE,PRINT SHOP) 102-7230-542.31-01 95.55 PORT ANGELES POWER EQUIPMENT HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 102-7230-542.31-01 80.19 PUD #1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY 102-7230-542.47-10 17.25 102-7230-542.47-10 11.19 QUILL CORPORATION COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 102-7230-542.31 -01 19.50 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 102-7230-542.31 -01 16.26 SPECIAL ASPHALT PRODUCTS, INC ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 102-7230-542.31-20 4,007.74 SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE LAWN MAINTENANCE EQUIP 102-7230-542.31-01 134.80 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 102-7230-542.31-01 77.03 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 102-7230-542.31-20 21.24 HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 102-7230-542.31-20 52.66 MASS TRANS,RAIL ACC& PRTS 102-7230-542.35-01 6.82 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 102-7230-542.31-25 28.75 PAINTING EQUIPMENT & ACC 102-7230-542.31-25 58.44 SUPPLIES 102-7230-542.35-01 45.35 JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 102-7230-542.35-01 23.78 TRAFFIC SAFETY SUPPLY CO MARKERS, PLAQUES,SIGNS 102-7230-542.31-25 890.18 UNITED RENTALS NORTHWEST INC RENTAL/LEASE EQUIPMENT 102-7230-542.45-30 3,634.55 WASHINGTON (DOT), STATE OF CONSTRUCTION SERVICES,GEN 102-7230-542.48-10 166.59 Page 6 E -12 Vendor Public Works -Street LINCOLN STREET STATION Intn'I Council of Shop Centers Economic Development ADVANCED TRAVEL CANON USA, INC CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR LEGACY TELECOMMUNICATIONS, INC Code 4 Public Safety Education PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC ►r�ri��r�r��r zu Pencom Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Description Account Number Invoice Amount Street Division Total: $15,243.74 Public Works -Street Department Total: $15,243.74 Street Fund Fund Total: $15,243.74 STUDIO CASCADE CONTRACT 103-1511-558.31-01 32.63 YEARLY MEMBERSHIP 103-1511-558.49-01 50.00 Economic Development Division Total: $82.63 Economic Development Department Total: $82.63 Economic Development Fund Total: $82.63 Regionalization mtg - Rom 107-5160-528.43-10 36.80 Conference - Crabb 107-5160-528.43-11 427.77 Conference - Brooks 107-5160-528.43-11 1,212.82 Conf. Kennewick 107-5160-528.43-11 754.44 Conference - Rife 107-5160-528.43-11 417.75 Conference - Romberg 107-5160-528.43-11 921.93 OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 107-5160-528.45-31 108.66 May scan charges 107-5160-528.42-10 79.97 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPH1107-5160-528.31-60 99.52 GENERATOR SERVICE/REPAIR 107-5160-528.48-10 663.09 CISM PEER SUPPORT - M SHE 107-5160-528.43-10 199.00 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPH1107-5160-528.31-60 4,051.97 OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 107-5160-528.45-31 134.80 MANAGEMENT SERVICES 107-5160-528.48-10 2,133.00 Pencom Division Total: $11,241.52 Pencom Department Total: $11,241.52 Pencom Fund Fund Total: OLYMPIC MAILING SERVICES COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 156-8630-575.49-60 POSTMASTER COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 156-8630-575.49-60 Esther Webster/Fine Arts Esther Webster/Fine Arts Division Total: Esther Webster/Fine Arts Department Total: Fine Arts Center Fund Total: DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PW -00-691-044 LOAN PMT 160-7841-591.78-10 PW -00-691-044 LOAN PMT 160-7841-592.83-10 Real Estate Excise Tax Real Estate Excise Tax -2 Division Total: Real Estate Excise Tax Department Total: Real Estate Excise Tax #2 Fund Total: BANK OF NEW YORK PORANGLTGO05- ADMIN FEE A 214-2434-591.41-50 Debt Service 2005 LTGO Bond-WUGA Division Total: Debt Service Department Total: 2005 LTGO Bond-WUGA Fund Total: EXELTECH CONSULTING INC CONSULTING SERVICES 310-7930-595.65-10 HERRERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTAPENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 310-7930-595.65-10 $11,241.52 49.40 43.40 $92.80 $92.80 $92.80 80,426.92 5,629.88 $86,056.80 $86,056.80 $86,056.80 300.00 $300.00 $300.00 $300.00 10,265.04 5,761.19 Page 7 E -13 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount Capital Projects -Pub Wks GF -Street Projects Division Total: $16,026.23 BAILEY SIGNS & GRAPHICS CONSTRUCTION SIGNS WTIP P 310-7961-595.65-10 162.60 BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 310-7961-595.65-10 103.30 Capital Projects -Pub Wks ST -Sidewalk Improvement Division Total: $265.90 Capital Projects -Pub Wks Department Total: $16,292.13 Capital Improvement Fund Total: $16,292.13 Josh Roening CLUBHOUSE RENTAL REFUND 316-8982-362.40-12 54.00 Capital Proj-Parks & Rec Lincoln Park Improvmt Division Total: $54.00 Capital Proj-Parks & Rec Department Total: $54.00 Lincoln Park Improvement Fund Total: $54.00 BPA -POWER WIRES May Power Wire -EFT 401-0000-213.40-00 1,565,435.00 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 401-0000-237.00-00 642.73 GENERAL PACIFIC INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 498.10 HD SUPPLY POWER SOLUTIONS, LTD FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-0000-141.41-00 160.43 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 364.87 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 686.18 FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-0000-141.41-00 1,408.77 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 630.89 FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-0000-141.41-00 292.68 supplies 401-0000-141.41-00 -2,094.95 supplies 401-0000-141.41-00 2,094.95 AGUILAR, AMILALUPE E FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 96.90 ANDERSON, RAYMOND E FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 1.54 AUCLAIR, PATRICIAA FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 7.70 CAIZAPANTA, MISHEL N FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 72.75 CARLSON, MEAGHAN M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 31.02 CHAN, FU LIN FLORIAN FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 57.33 CHARBONIER, BRANDEN B FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 35.00 ENGES, SARAH A FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 96.10 ENGLUND, KAREN S FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 144.11 FOX, TAMMY M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 44.05 GANT, WILLIAM & DEBBIE OVERPAYMENT -1411 W 11TH 401-0000-122.10-99 272.19 GOETTE, MARGARET L FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 74.40 GOETZ, LESLI M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 2.53 GREEN CROW PROPERTIES OVERPAYMENT -1407 MORNING 401-0000-122.10-99 84.82 HENDRICKS, BRANDY L FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 42.94 IRONSIDE, ALEXANDER FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 66.16 JOHNSON, KRISTEN B FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 297.50 KOCH, ANDREA M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 80.00 LACEY, LUCILLE FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 17.54 LADD, TIMOTHY FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 101.37 MANTOOTH, JAMES E FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 4.16 Page 8 E -14 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount MARTINEZ, JUAN FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 56.99 MEINER, GRANT S FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 7.40 MUIR, CAROLYN V FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 0.89 NOWACKI, ALEXANDER P FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 299.62 OVIEDO, ANGELICA FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 244.67 PADLO, HEATHER D FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 305.20 REIS, CHRISTOPHER M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 70.18 ROENING, PATRICK B FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 122.61 ROSE, DIANA KAYE FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 12.12 SANCHEZ, DEREK D FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 69.19 SMITH, JEFFERY ALAN FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 99.40 STARRETT, GERALD E FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 32.71 UPHOUSE, W R FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 214.08 WARWICK, JOSEPH M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 57.71 WEAVER -MORRIS, CYNTHIA M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 67.79 WINTERFELD, RONALD J FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 65.35 WOMACK, MARGARET FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 16.75 SHAKESPEARE COMPOSITES ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.43-00 2,208.48 WESCO DISTRIBUTION INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 539.83 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 1,079.94 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 519.28 FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-0000-141.41-00 172.79 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.42-00 2,113.47 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-0000-141.42-00 372.90 Division Total: $1,580,499.11 Department Total: $1,580,499.11 ADVANCED TRAVEL Training - Amoit 401-7111-533.43-10 445.87 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 401-7111-533.42-10 2.99 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 401-7111-533.31-60 99.52 SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 401-7111-533.31-01 13.14 Public Works -Electric Engineering -Electric Division Total: $561.52 ADVANCED TRAVEL Meeting - King 401-7120-533.43-10 120.55 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 401-7120-533.42-10 14.96 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 401-7120-533.31-60 199.04 MARSH MUNDORF PRATT SULLIVAN CONSULTING SERVICES 401-7120-533.49-01 1,485.49 Public Works -Electric Power Systems Division Total: $1,820.04 A-1 PERFORMANCE, INC BUILDING MAINT&REPAIR SER 401-7180-533.41-50 177.45 ADVANCED TRAVEL Examine truck - Daugaard 401-7180-533.43-10 96.50 Examine Truck - Robinson 401-7180-533.43-10 96.50 ALMETEK INDUSTRIES, INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 798.54 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES, INC ENGINEERING SERVICES 401-7180-533.48-10 630.00 ANGELES MILLWORK & LUMBER CO ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 36.16 Page 9 E -15 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount ANGELES MILLWORK & LUMBER CO ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 13.80 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 24.16 CANON USA, INC RENTAL OR LEASE SERVICES 401-7180-533.45-31 176.61 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 253.58 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 129.96 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 24.78 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 173.44 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 15.72 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-16 A/C 206T323881998B 401-7180-533.42-10 54.54 06-16 A/C 206T323879996B 401-7180-533.42-10 54.54 06-16 A/C 206T322760994B 401-7180-533.42-10 54.54 06-16 A/C 206T326157000B 401-7180-533.42-10 54.54 06-16 A/C 206T355724768B 401-7180-533.42-10 57.46 06-02 A/C 3604178095336B 401-7180-533.42-10 45.45 06-05 A/C 3604529541353B 401-7180-533.42-10 42.19 6-14 A/C 3604574717777B 401-7180-533.42-10 127.93 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 401-7180-533.42-10 9.65 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 401-7180-533.49-50 102,826.16 DIRECTV TELEVISION EQUIP & ACESS 401-7180-533.42-10 53.99 ENERSYS DELAWARE, INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 5,352.75 FAIRCHILD FLOORS ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 40.65 FASTENAL INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-7180-533.34-02 35.72 FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-7180-533.34-02 15.53 HD SUPPLY POWER SOLUTIONS, LTD ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 169.23 INDUSTRIAL SCIENTIFIC CORPORATION INET Exchange 401-7180-533.34-02 -124.78 LAB EQUIP,BIO,CHEM,ENVIR 401-7180-533.34-02 359.99 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 401-7180-533.31-60 199.04 MALLORY COMPANY FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 773.15 Greg McCabe MEAL REIMBURSEMENT 401-7180-533.31-01 30.50 Logan Deane MEAL REIMBURSEMENT 401-7180-533.31-01 30.50 Mike Smith MEAL REIMBURSEMENT 401-7180-533.31-01 30.50 Robert Williams MEAL REIMBURSEMENT 401-7180-533.31-01 30.50 NEWARK INONE ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 29.56 OLYMPIC LAUNDRY & DRY CLEANERS LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 401-7180-533.41-50 82.79 LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 401-7180-533.41-50 82.79 OLYMPIC PARTY & CUSTODIAL SUPPLIE:OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 73.01 OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 73.01 OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 142.93 401-7180-533.31-01 -73.01 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 10.41 PAPER -ELECTRICAL PERMITS 401-7180-533.31-01 27.84 OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 54.53 Page 10 E -16 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC RENTAL OR LEASE SERVICES 401-7180-533.45-31 32.00 PLATT ELECTRIC SUPPLY INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 579.73 PORT OF PORT ANGELES Lease Fees -Light Ops 401-7180-533.45-30 4,100.00 PUD #1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 238.77 PUGET SAFETY EQUIPMENT INC OPTICAL EQUIP ACESS& SUPP 401-7180-533.31-01 531.31 QUILL CORPORATION OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 303.22 OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 16.24 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 401-7180-533.31-01 41.55 ROHLINGER ENTERPRISES INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 1,022.88 TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 401-7180-533.48-10 81.84 TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 401-7180-533.48-10 95.93 SNAP-ON TOOLS - CHUGGER DEANE ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 853.49 SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 401-7180-533.34-02 21.41 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 54.55 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 19.99 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 25.32 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 75.33 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 32.49 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 82.98 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 17.20 UNITED PARCEL SERVICE Shipping Chgs 401-7180-533.42-10 12.85 WAGNER-SMITH EQUIPMENT CO ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 235.78 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 342.52 WESCO DISTRIBUTION INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 5,848.72 Public Works -Electric Electric Operations Division Total: $128,141.43 Public Works -Electric Department Total: $130,522.99 Electric Utility Fund Fund Total: $1,711,022.10 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 402-0000-237.00-00 662.68 Division Total: $662.68 Department Total: $662.68 ADVANCED TRAVEL Exam - Meyers 402-7380-534.43-10 30.50 Exam - Holbrook 402-7380-534.43-10 30.50 Exam -Johnson 402-7380-534.43-10 30.50 Exam - Baar 402-7380-534.43-10 30.50 Exam - Flores 402-7380-534.43-10 120.55 Exam - Baar 402-7380-534.43-10 128.75 Exam -Johnson 402-7380-534.43-10 123.50 AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSN MEMBERSHIPS 402-7380-534.49-01 200.00 AMSAN PAPER & PLASTIC-DISPOSABL 402-7380-534.31-01 79.78 CASCADE COLUMBIA DISTRIBUTION, INCSALT (SODIUM CHLORIDE) 402-7380-534.31-05 4,998.20 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-05 A/C 3604524587479B 402-7380-534.42-10 100.81 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 402-7380-534.42-10 7.36 Page 11 E -17 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PW -00-691-045 LOAN PMT 402-7380-582.78-10 62,642.40 PW -04-691-055 LOAN PMT 402-7380-582.78-10 126,687.31 PW -5-95-791-028 LOAN PMT 402-7380-582.78-10 13,306.50 PW -94 -792 -TIM -205 LOAN PM 402-7380-582.78-10 53,571.42 PW -00-691-045 LOAN PMT 402-7380-592.83-10 4,384.97 PW -04-691-055 LOAN PMT 402-7380-592.83-10 6,967.80 PW -5-95-791-028 LOAN PMT 402-7380-592.83-10 266.13 PW -94 -792 -TIM -205 LOAN PM 402-7380-592.83-10 535.71 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 402-7380-534.49-50 19,952.54 DRAKE'S PIZZA & SUBS FOODS: FROZEN ,PREPARED 402-7380-534.43-10 58.32 DRY CREEK WATER ASSN, INC MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 402-7380-534.33-10 366.31 MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 402-7380-534.33-10 621.20 FASTENAL INDUSTRIAL BRUSHES (NOT CLASSIFIED) 402-7380-534.35-01 58.98 FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP Shipping Chgs 402-7380-534.42-10 202.24 HARTNAGEL BUILDING SUPPLY INC PAINTS, COATI NGS, WALLPAPER 402-7380-534.35-01 9.24 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 402-7380-534.31-60 99.52 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 402-7380-534.31-01 40.38 PEN PRINT INC PAPER (OFFICE,PRINT SHOP) 402-7380-534.31-01 92.08 PUD #1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY 402-7380-534.47-10 25.73 QUILL CORPORATION COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 402-7380-534.31-01 41.55 RADIOSHACK SUPPLIES 402-7380-534.31-01 43.35 SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 402-7380-534.31-01 34.79 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC FIRST AID & SAFETY EQUIP. 402-7380-534.31-01 23.48 TWISS ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.41-50 215.00 TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.41-50 173.00 WHISTLE WORKWEAR FIRST AID & SAFETY EQUIP. 402-7380-534.31-01 152.48 Public Works -Water Water Division Total: $296,453.38 Public Works -Water Department Total: $296,453.38 Water Fund Fund Total: $297,116.06 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 403-0000-237.00-00 48.95 Division Total: $48.95 Department Total: $48.95 ADVANCED TRAVEL Pick up pump - Freed 403-7480-535.43-10 52.60 Training - Hart 403-7480-535.43-10 52.35 Conference - Hart 403-7480-535.43-10 971.84 ANGELES MILLWORK & LUMBER CO LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 403-7480-535.31-01 69.19 CANON USA, INC OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 403-7480-535.45-31 174.64 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 403-7480-535.31-01 51.49 ELECTRICAL EQUIP & SUPPLY 403-7480-535.31-20 56.67 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-02 A/C 3604170591196B 403-7480-535.42-10 42.19 06-02 A/C 3604170190080B 403-7480-535.42-10 42.19 06-08 A/C 3605650365696B 403-7480-535.42-10 42.19 Page 12 E -18 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-16 A/C 2067329544912B 403-7480-535.42-10 54.40 06-16 A/C 2067325585090B 403-7480-535.42-10 54.40 06-16 A/C 3604574859247B 403-7480-535.42-10 86.77 06-14 A/C 3604576315689B 403-7480-535.42-10 86.89 CHEMSEARCH MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 403-7480-535.31-05 1,147.32 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 403-7480-535.42-10 25.89 CONTRACT HARDWARE INC HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.31-01 1,291.33 DAILY JOURNAL OF COMMERCE COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 403-7480-535.41-50 387.60 DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE PW -06 -962 -PRE -110 LOAN PM 403-7480-582.78-10 31 ,052.63 PC08-951-034 LOAN PMT 403-7480-582.78-10 574,013.16 PW -07-962-015 LOAN PMT 403-7480-582.78-10 113,486.84 PW -06 -962 -PRE -110 LOAN PM 403-7480-592.83-10 2,018.42 PC08-951-034 LOAN PMT 403-7480-592.83-10 43,050.99 PW -07-962-015 LOAN PMT 403-7480-592.83-10 7,944.08 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 403-7480-535.49-50 13,371.34 FERGUSON ENTERPRISES INC PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 -70.71 PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 540.27 PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 78.57 PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 39.28 PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 70.21 FILTER BELTS WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-535.31-20 100.19 GREEN RIVER COMMUNITY COLLEGE HUMAN SERVICES 403-7480-535.43-10 185.00 HUMAN SERVICES 403-7480-535.43-10 185.00 CONSULTING SERVICES 403-7480-535.43-10 370.00 HACH COMPANY CHEMICAL LAB EQUIP & SUPP 403-7480-535.31-01 232.17 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 403-7480-535.31-01 97.52 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 403-7480-535.31-20 44.43 SHIPPING AND HANDLING 403-7480-535.31-20 15.98 COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 403-7480-535.31-60 99.52 Richard Hartley DOT PHYSICAL REIMBURSEMNT 403-7480-535.49-90 120.00 PNSCTA REGISTRATION FEE 403-7480-535.43-10 300.00 NAPA AUTO PARTS SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 9.42 FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 403-7480-535.31-01 37.01 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 45.76 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC OFFICE MACHINES & ACCESS 403-7480-535.45-31 22.53 PEN PRINT INC PAPER (OFFICE,PRINT SHOP) 403-7480-535.31-01 74.25 PORT ANGELES POWER EQUIPMENT SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 30.28 PORT GAMBLE ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCTESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 403-7480-535.41-50 800.00 PUMPS & ACCESSORIES 403-7480-535.42-10 25.00 PUD #1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY 403-7480-535.47-10 142.11 QUILL CORPORATION COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 403-7480-535.31-01 41.55 SIEMENS INDUSTRY WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-535.31-20 1,145.94 Page 13 E -19 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 403-7480-535.44-10 42.66 SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE CHEMICAL LAB EQUIP & SUPP 403-7480-535.31-01 34.13 JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 26.68 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 403-7480-535.35-01 42.42 HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.35-01 15.48 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC POISONS:AGRICUL & INDUSTR 403-7480-535.31-01 37.91 JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 25.24 FOODS: PERISHABLE 403-7480-535.31-01 11.74 SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 110.21 WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-535.31-01 11.74 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 403-7480-535.35-01 42.45 TYCO INTEGRATED SECURITY SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV 403-7480-535.41-50 185.83 SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV 403-7480-535.41-50 181.42 SECURITY,FIRE,SAFETY SERV 403-7480-535.41-50 765.60 USA BLUEBOOK PLASTICS 403-7480-535.31-01 276.92 VERIZON WIRELESS A/C 571136182-00004 403-7480-535.42-10 -9.06 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Wastewater Division Total: $796,210.06 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $796,210.06 Wastewater Fund Fund Total: $796,259.01 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 404-0000-237.00-00 64.79 Excise Tax Return -May 404-0000-237.10-00 1,566.35 Division Total: $1,631.14 Department Total: $1,631.14 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 404-7538-537.49-50 11,613.23 FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP Shipping Chgs 404-7538-537.42-10 45.89 WAK-IN MAN, INC ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 404-7538-537.48-10 1,593.48 Public Works -Solid Waste SW - Transfer Station Division Total: $13,252.60 A-1 PERFORMANCE, INC BUILDING MAINT&REPAIR SER 404-7580-537.41-50 86.33 AMSAN PLASTICS 404-7580-537.31-01 21.57 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 404-7580-537.42-10 17.51 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 404-7580-537.49-50 12,320.15 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERIPHI 404-7580-537.31-01 99.52 OLYMPIC PRINTERS INC PRINTING PREPARATIONS 404-7580-537.44-10 37.94 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 404-7580-537.31-01 20.90 PEN PRINT INC PAPER (OFFICE,PRINT SHOP) 404-7580-537.31-01 18.60 Public Works -Solid Waste Solid Waste -Collections Division Total: $12,622.52 ASPECT CONSULTING, LLC CONSULTING SERVICES 404-7585-537.41-50 8,110.30 BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 404-7585-537.41-50 0.15 NORTHWESTERN TERRITORIES INC PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 404-7585-537.41-50 1,510.00 Public Works -Solid Waste Solid Waste -Landfill Division Total: $9,620.45 Public Works -Solid Waste Department Total: $35,495.57 Solid Waste -Collections Fund Total: $37,126.71 Page 14 E -20 Vendor CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Public Works -Solid Waste BIAW CLALLAM CNTY DEPT OF HEALTH CLALLAM CNTY ROAD DEPT CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES OFFICE DEPOT Public Works-WW/Stormwtr SUNDIN, ERIK K BLUMENTHAL UNIFORMS & EQUIP BOUND TREE MEDICAL, LLC CHURCH, JEREMY KARON'S FRAME CENTER REIFENSTAHL, PATRICIA SEAWESTERN INC SUNDIN, ERIK K VERIZON WIRELESS ZOLL MEDICAL CORPORATION Fire Department ADVANCED TRAVEL ALL WEATHER HEATING & COOLING Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Description May scan charges SW - Transfer Station Public Works -Solid Waste Solid Waste-LF/Trf Stn EDUCATIONAL SERVICES TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI May scan charges Excise Tax Return -May SUPPLIES Stormwater Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Stormwater Fund SUPPLIES SUPPLIES SUPPLIES SUPPLIES HUMAN SERVICES EDUCATIONAL SERVICES Medic I Advisory SUPPLIES SUPPLIES EDUCATIONAL SERVICES SUPPLIES SUPPLIES A/C 942043834-00001 A/C 264395724-00001 SUPPLIES Medic I Fire Department Medic I Utility Conf - Currie Conf - McGoff Seattle - King Training - Kajfasz CITY REBATE CITY REBATE CITY REBATE May scan charges Account Number 405-7538-537.42-10 Division Total: Department Total: Fund Total: 406-7412-538.43-10 406-7412-538.41-50 406-7412-538.41-50 406-7412-538.42-10 406-7412-538.49-50 406-7412-538.31-01 Division Total: Department Total: Invoice Amount 0.15 $0.15 $0.15 $0.15 325.00 468.00 340.07 6.13 8,892.36 287.63 $10,319.19 $10,319.19 Fund Total: $10,319.19 409-0000-237.00-00 Division Total: Department Total: 409-6025-526.20-80 409-6025-526.31-01 409-6025-526.31-02 409-6025-526.31-08 409-6025-526.31-08 409-6025-526.41-50 409-6025-526.31-01 409-6025-526.31-08 409-6025-526.31-08 409-6025-526.20-80 409-6025-526.20-80 409-6025-526.42-10 409-6025-526.42-10 409-6025-526.31-02 Division Total: Department Total: -4.35 -$4.35 -$4.35 250.62 4.01 358.26 200.00 200.00 600.00 218.02 50.00 200.00 449.14 56.17 30.02 134.11 368.89 $3,119.24 $3,119.24 Fund Total: $3,114.89 421-7121-533.43-10 421-7121-533.43-10 421-7121-533.43-10 421-7121-533.43-10 421-7121-533.49-86 421-7121-533.49-86 421-7121-533.49-86 421-7121-533.42-10 63.66 25.75 95.39 174.30 800.00 1,400.00 1,000.00 13.24 Page 15 E -21 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount GLASS SERVICES CO INC CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 725.40 CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 1,562.34 MATHEWS GLASS CO INC CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 693.00 CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 294.00 CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 640.02 CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 640.02 SYLVIA DRAKE CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 50.00 Robert Kajfasz AEE ENERGY BOOKS REIMBURS 421-7121-533.31-01 363.00 NIPPON PAPER INDUSTRIES USA, CO MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 421-7121-533.49-86 18,703.82 PLATT ELECTRIC SUPPLY INC Defective -Returned 421-7121-533.49-86 -394.58 Defective -Returned 421-7121-533.49-86 -6.61 Public Works -Electric Conservation Division Total: $26,842.75 Public Works -Electric Department Total: $26,842.75 Conservation Fund Total: $26,842.75 COLUMBIA TELECOMMUNICATIONS COR CONSULTING SERVICES 431-7130-538.41-50 1,335.00 PUD #1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY 431-7130-538.47-10 40.23 Public Works -Electric Telecommunications Division Total: $1,375.23 Public Works -Electric Department Total: $1,375.23 Telecommunications Fund Fund Total: $1,375.23 WEST MONROE PARTNERS, LLC CONSULTING SERVICES 451-7188-594.41-50 25,000.00 Public Works -Electric Electric Projects Division Total: $25,000.00 Public Works -Electric Department Total: $25,000.00 Electric Utility CIP Fund Total: $25,000.00 FEDERAL EXPRESS CORP Shipping Chgs 452-7388-594.42-10 5.01 SUNGARD PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTERS,DP & WORD PROC. 452-7388-594.65-10 500.00 Public Works -Water Water Projects Division Total: $505.01 Public Works -Water Department Total: $505.01 Water Utility CIP Fund Total: $505.01 COULTAS GENERAL CONTRACTING Release Retainage 453-0000-223.40-00 1,002.80 Release Retainage 453-0000-223.40-00 9,604.02 Division Total: $10,606.82 Department Total: $10,606.82 SUNGARD PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTERS,DP & WORD PROC. 453-7488-594.65-10 500.00 TECHNICAL SYSTEMS, INC ENGINEERING SERVICES 453-7488-594.65-10 73,438.77 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Wastewater Projects Division Total: $73,938.77 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $73,938.77 WasteWater Utility CIP Fund Total: $84,545.59 ADVANCED TRAVEL Conf. & bond pricing - O 454-7588-594.65-10 259.39 PORT ANGELES SCHOOL DISTRICT FOODS: STAPLE GROCERY 454-7588-594.65-10 110.50 US BANK OF PORT ANGELES #87 REAL PROPERTY, RENT/LEASE 454-7588-594.65-10 125.00 Public Works -Solid Waste Solid Waste Coll Projects Division Total: $494.89 Page 16 E -22 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount Public Works -Solid Waste Department Total: $494.89 Page 17 E -23 Solid Waste Utility CIP Fund Total: $494.89 BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 456-7688-594.65-10 90.15 PACE ENGINEERS, INC CONSULTING SERVICES 456-7688-594.41-50 6,855.69 WASHINGTON (ECOLOGY), STATE OF ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 456-7688-594.65-10 49.09 Public Works -Equip Svcs Stormwater Util CIP Projs Division Total: $6,994.93 Public Works -Equip Svcs Department Total: $6,994.93 Stormwtr Util Projects Fund Total: $6,994.93 ASSOCIATED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, IIFUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 501-0000-141.20-00 7,421.64 FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 501-0000-141.20-00 6,607.70 BAXTER AUTO PARTS #15 BELTS AND BELTING 501-0000-141.40-00 17.00 BELTS AND BELTING 501-0000-141.40-00 17.00 BRAUN NORTHWEST AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 55.74 FAR -WEST MACHINE & HYDRAULICS HOSES, ALL KINDS 501-0000-141.40-00 50.06 FASTENAL INDUSTRIAL AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 70.70 FIRESTONE COMPLETE AUTO CARE AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 1,363.21 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 483.80 KAMAN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 166.59 MASCO PETROLEUM, INC FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 501-0000-141.20-00 757.36 MIDWEST MOTOR SUPPLY CO. AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 93.01 MOTION INDUSTRIES, INC HOSES, ALL KINDS 501-0000-141.40-00 228.73 HOSES, ALL KINDS 501-0000-141.40-00 226.52 MURRAY MOTORS INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 95.72 NAPA AUTO PARTS AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 18.63 AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-0000-141.40-00 5.79 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 239.36 SIRENNET.COM AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-0000-237.00-00 -70.89 SOLID WASTE SYSTEMS, INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 208.13 SYSTEMS FOR PUBLIC SAFETY, INC AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-0000-237.00-00 -41.42 Division Total: $18,014.38 Department Total: $18,014.38 A-1 PERFORMANCE, INC BUILDING MAINT&REPAIR SER 501-7630-548.41-50 103.94 ADVANCED TRAVEL Deliver Vehicles - Paynte 501-7630-548.43-10 11.50 Deliver Vehicles - Sage 501-7630-548.43-10 26.25 ALDERSONS AUTO BODY & PAINT INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 419.51 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 1,281.50 ALLDATA RENTAL/LEASE EQUIPMENT 501-7630-548.48-02 238.48 ARAMARK LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 501-7630-548.49-90 39.54 LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 501-7630-548.49-90 70.44 ASSOCIATED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, IIFUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 501-7630-548.32-13 167.25 BAXTER AUTO PARTS #15 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 62.02 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 8.80 Page 17 E -23 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount BRAUN NORTHWEST AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-7630-548.34-02 82.59 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 501-7630-548.42-10 9.28 HEARTLINE AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 51.98 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 501-7630-548.48-02 99.52 J B'S UPHOLSTERY AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 89.30 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 341.46 LES SCHWAB TIRE CENTER AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 32.18 LINCOLN INDUSTRIAL CORP METALS, BARS, PLATES, RODS 501-7630-548.34-02 75.46 METALS, BARS, PLATES, RODS 501-7630-548.34-02 81.63 MURRAY MOTORS INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.31-01 23.67 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 250.12 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 93.87 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 65.04 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 495.33 NAPA AUTO PARTS AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 18.06 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.35-01 253.87 O'REILLYAUTO PARTS AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.31-01 78.03 OWEN EQUIPMENT AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 328.14 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 94.54 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 102.02 PEN PRINT INC PAPER (OFFICE,PRINT SHOP) 501-7630-548.31-01 58.15 PORT ANGELES TIRE FACTORY AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 17.36 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 83.96 PRICE FORD LINCOLN EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 167.97 QUALITY 4X4 TRUCK SUPPLY AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 595.01 AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-7630-548.34-02 548.50 AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-7630-548.34-02 471.54 QUILL CORPORATION OFFICE SUPPLY,INKS,LEADS 501-7630-548.31-01 371.66 RICHMOND 2 -WAY RADIO AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 89.79 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 243.90 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 186.83 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 97.56 RUDDELL AUTO MALL AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 339.22 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 94.41 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 128.38 RUDY'S AUTOMOTIVE AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 298.49 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 516.98 SIRENNET.COM AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-7630-548.34-02 914.83 SNAP-ON TOOLS - CHUGGER DEANE AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.35-01 27.70 SOLID WASTE SYSTEMS, INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 238.98 SUNSET DO -IT BEST HARDWARE AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 4.30 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 245.81 Page 18 E -24 Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount SYSTEMS FOR PUBLIC SAFETY, INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 3,332.35 SHIPPING AND HANDLING 501-7630-548.34-02 133.01 AUTO & TRUCK ACCESSORIES 501-7630-594.64-10 534.48 TACOMA DODGE CHRYSLER JEEP AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 254.91 VALLEY FREIGHTLINER INC AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 -542.00 AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 1,260.44 WESTERN SYSTEMS & FABRICATION AUTO & TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 122.44 Public Works -Equip Svcs Equipment Services Division Total: $15,932.28 Public Works -Equip Svcs Department Total: $15,932.28 Equipment Services Fund Total: $33,946.66 DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE -WIRES Excise Tax Return -May 502-0000-237.00-00 274.93 Division Total: $274.93 Department Total: $274.93 ADVANCED TRAVEL Training - Harper 502-2081-518.43-10 266.25 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES May scan charges 502-2081-518.42-10 26.50 Finance Department Information Technologies Division Total: $292.75 Finance Department Department Total: $292.75 Information Technology Fund Total: $567.68 BALSER, SHARYN REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 115.40 DILL, RICHARD H REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 Disability Board -June 503-1631-517.46-35 197.30 GLENN, LARRY REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 GOODRICH, RUTH L REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 530.90 GROOMS, MICHAEL REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 ILK, STEPHEN A REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 JOHNSON, DONALD G REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 JORISSEN, ROBERT R REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 Disability Board -June 503-1631-517.46-35 215.62 LIND, DARWIN PETER REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 LINDLEY, JAMES K REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 Disability Board -June 503-1631-517.46-35 140.39 MERRIWETHER, JAMES G REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 NW ADMIN TRANSFER ACCT S/NS/WT 503-1631-517.46-33 72,033.50 RETIREES 503-1631-517.46-34 9,659.40 THOMPSON, BRUCE REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 103.90 Disability Board -June 503-1631-517.46-35 11.21 TURTON, F GALE REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 WARD, DENNIS H REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE 503-1631-517.46-35 104.90 Self Insurance Other Insurance Programs Division Total: $84,161.52 Self Insurance Department Total: $84,161.52 Self -Insurance Fund Fund Total: $84,161.52 Page 19 E -25 Vendor BRAUN. GARY DOYLE, JERRY L Fireman's Pension CROSSFIT THUNDER RIDGE LLC Date: 7/9/2014 City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Description REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE Disability Board -June REIMURSE MEDICARE -JUNE Fireman's Pension Fireman's Pension Firemen's Pension CROSSFIT THUNDER RIDGE LL Off Street Parking Fund ASSOCIATION OF WASHINGTON CITIES AWC SUPP LIFE INS EMPLOYEES ASSOCIATION PAYROLL SUMMARY GUARANTEED EDUCATION TUITION PAYROLL SUMMARY LEOFF P/R Deductions pe 06-22 MONTANA CSED SDU PAYROLL SUMMARY OFFICE OF SUPPORT ENFORCEMENT P/R Deductions pe 06-22 P/R Deductions pe 06-22 PERS P/R Deductions pe 06-22 P/R Deductions pe 06-22 P/R Deductions pe 06-22 TEAMSTERS LOCAL 589 PAYROLL SUMMARY UNITED WAY (PAYROLL) PAYROLL SUMMARY VOLUNTEER FIRE ASSOCIATION PAYROLL SUMMARY WSCFF/EMPLOYEE BENEFIT TRUST PAYROLL SUMMARY Account Number 602-6221-517.46-35 602-6221-517.46-35 602-6221-517.46-35 602-6221-517.46-35 Division Total: Department Total: Fund Total: 650-0000-213.10-90 Division Total: Department Total: Fund Total: 920-0000-231.53-30 920-0000-231.55-30 920-0000-231.56-95 920-0000-231.51-21 920-0000-231.56-20 920-0000-231.56-20 920-0000-231.56-20 920-0000-231.51-10 920-0000-231.51-11 920-0000-231.51-12 920-0000-231.54-10 920-0000-231.56-10 920-0000-231.55-20 920-0000-231.53-20 Division Total: Department Total: Payroll Clearing Fund Total: Totals for check period From: 6/21/2014 To: 7/4/2014 Invoice Amount 104.90 104.90 19.41 104.90 $334.11 $334.11 $334.11 134.34 $134.34 $134.34 $134.34 420.30 535.00 263.50 23,785.86 92.30 416.24 169.85 1,641.96 12,236.02 50,912.60 1,738.00 464.00 22.00 1,500.00 $94,197.63 $94,197.63 $94,197.63 $3,443,947.91 Page 20 E -26 V, EllkES DATE: July 15, 2014 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: BYRON OLSON, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER TESS AGESSON, SR. ACCOUNTANT SUBJECT: A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PORT ANGELES, WASHINGTON ADOPTING THE CAPITAL FACILITIES PLAN 2015-2020 - SECOND READING Summary: The Capital Facilities Plan (CFP) is a required component of our Comprehensive Plan. In order to be eligible for some loans and grants, the project must be listed in our CFP. This is the second public hearing and reading of the CFP resolution. Recommendation: Staff requests that council conduct the second reading on the resolution to adopt the 2015- 2020 Capital Facilities Plan, conduct a public hearing, and adopt the plan. Background / Analysis: The Washington State Growth Management Act requires the City adopt a Comprehensive Plan that contains a capital facilities element. The capital facilities element lists the goals and policies regarding the City's provision of urban services and its planning of capital improvements. The Six-year Capital Facilities Plan, or CFP, is a short-range planning document that is annually updated, based on needs and policies identified in the City's Comprehensive Plan. It represents Port Angeles' current complete list of needed projects and programs for the next six years. The document also identifies secured or reasonably expected revenues and expenditures for each of the projects included in the CFP. Additionally, we have added a section for projects with significant priorities, but without secure funding. These projects will reside in the "Parking Lot" until funding is secured. The projects have been vetted by Engineering Staff, Management, and Executive management to ensure they meet the following criteria: • They stay within the spending allowed in the last Cost of Service study; • There is cash available for the project to proceed; G-1 • And, no outside funding (loans or bonds) are necessary during this period. Because the Capital Facilities Plan is a living document we have the following changes to present to City Council at this time: The Lincoln Street Culvert Repairs were determined to be transportation in nature and have been moved to the Transportation Improvement Plan 2015- 2020. The funding from utilities and grants did not change, just the responsible department. • The Lincoln Park Development projects have been moved to the "Parking Lot". The future potential funding cannot be identified until the environmental assessment is conducted by the Port of Port Angeles. Since revenues cannot be reasonably expected at this time this is a necessary adjustment to the CFP. G -2 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, adopting the Capital Facilities Plan and for 2015-2020. WHEREAS, the City of Port Angeles is required to annually update its Capital Facilities Plan; and WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington being the legislative body of said City, on the I st day and the 15t1 day of July 2014, did hold public hearings on the update of its Capital Facilities Plan; and WHEREAS, the proposed Capital Facilities Plan for 2015-2020 is consistent with the City's Comprehensive Plan; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, that the Capital Facilities Plan attached hereto as Exhibit A, for the City of Port Angeles, Washington, be and the same is hereby adopted; and PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a regular meeting of said Council held on the 15th day of July 2014. ATTEST: Janessa Hurd, City Clerk Dan Di Guilio, Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: William E. Bloor, City Attorney H:Aa ORDINANCES&RESOLUTIONS\RESOLUTIONS. 2014\16.CIP-Adopt - 06.19.14.wpd (June 23, 2014) G-3 PUBLIC SAFETY 2,000,000 0 525,000 0 175,000 700,000 2,700,000 0 101 101 2,100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 101 0 FR0209 Wireless Mobile Data for Fire Apparatus A 60,000 0 0 0 0 0 60,000 0 60,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FD0112 Port Security Grant Equipment A 202,000 0 0 0 0 0 202,000 0 202,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 FD0114 Purchase Land for West Side Fire Station P 0 0 0 0 0 200,000 201 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 200,000 FR0799 West Side Fire Station P 0 2,125,000 0 0 0 2,125,000 2,125,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,125,000 PD9913 Pencom Generator 1 87,000 0 0 0 13,978 13,978 100,978 56,178 44,800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PD9913 Police Remodel A 0 0 0 0 7,000 7,000 7,000 0 7,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PD0114 Wireless Mobile Data Systems Expansion 2 33,750 0 0 0 11,250 11,250 45,000 0 0 45,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 PD0307 Regional Firearms Training Facility 3 265,000 0 0 0 0 0 265,000 0 0 265,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0206 Fine Arts Center Entrance Improvements 7 64],]50 2,125,000 0 0 32,228 2,357,228 3,004,978 56,178 313,800 310,000 0 0 0 0 0 2,325,000 GENERAL GOVERNMENT GG0303 Infrastructure Development(NICE Program) 10 /4(11,000 0 525,000 0 175,000 700,000 ]00,000 0 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 0 GM110 Valley Creek Restoration Phase 111 2 2,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 2,000,000 0 0 0 2,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 2,000,000 0 525,000 0 175,000 700,000 2,700,000 0 101 101 2,100,000 100,000 100,000 100,000 101 0 PARKS/FACILITIES & RECREATION GG9913 Front Counter Remodel A 0 0 0 0 13,532 13,532 13,532 3,532 10,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0114 Civic Field Boiler Replacement 1 0 0 0 0 50,000 50,000 50,000 0 50,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK060S Replacement Roof of Vem Burton 2 0 0 0 150,000 150,000 300,000 300,000 0 300,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0314 Civic Field Lighting Replacement 3 260,000 0 0 111 60,000 140,000 400,000 0 60,000 340,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0212 City Pier Electrical Upgrades 4 0 0 0 0 140,000 140,000 140,000 0 0 140,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0312 Cl ty Pier Eire Suppression System-Central/East systems 5 0 0 0 0 290,000 2901000 290,000 0 290,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0214 Erickson Playfield Camera 6 0 0 0 0 40,000 40,000 40,000 0 0 40,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 PK0206 Fine Arts Center Entrance Improvements 7 70,000 0 0 0 0 0 ]0,000 0 0 70,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 11Ir0414 lirl<U��I�V /4(11,000 0 I I I fl I, tIPP,PPP 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ],4(10,000 PK0205 Rcst��.cc Rep cert PK0205 Restroom Replacement 10 0 0 0 0 500,000 500,000 500,000 0 0 0 0 125,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 0 City Pier Float Replacement it 285,000 0 0 0 90,000 90,000 3]5,000 0 0 0 90,000 285,000 0 0 0 0 PK0802 Neighborhood Park Renovations 13 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 100,000 100,000 300,000 PK0406 Shane& Elks Ball Field Lighting Project 12 150,000 0 0 0 150,000 150,000 300,000 0 0 0 0 0 300,000 0 0 0 PK0110 Civic Field Upgrades P 0 0 0 0 500,000 500,000 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500,000 PK0307 Erickson Playfield Tennis Court Lighting P 0 0 0 0 80,000 80,000 Eli 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80,000 15,365,000 0 0 230,000 2,063,532 2,293,532 17,658,532 3,532 710,000 590,000 90,000 410,000 425,000 225,000 225,000 14,980,000 SERVICES INFORMATION T0113 Thln Client Virtual Desktop Conversion A 0 0 224,497 0 33,546 258,043 258,043 176,343 81,700 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0111 Electronic Records Management Upgrade A 0 0 116,9]5 0 1],4]9 134,454 134,454 130,454 4,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT9912 Exceutlme Tlme Tracking A 0 0 48,855 0 7,300 56,155 56,155 38,655 17,500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0312 KV M Management Switches A 0 0 52,190 0 ],]99 59,989 59,989 35,389 24,600 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT9713 Cognos 10 Upgrade/replacement A 0 0 39,155 0 5,851 45,006 45,006 2],206 1],800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT9913 Generatorand HVAC A 0 0 349,044 0 52,156 401,200 401,200 0 401,200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0713 Electrical SCADA Server Upgrade/Replacement A 0 0 127,000 0 0 127,000 127,000 0 127,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0513 Backup System Remote Redundant Equipment\Comm 1 0 0 108,054 0 16,146 124,200 124,200 0 124,200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0613 GIS/Cityworks Server Upgrade/Replacement A 0 0 105,000 0 0 105,000 105,0000 105,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0112 Computer Room Battery Backup Systems A 0 0 ]8,300 0 11,700 90,000 90,000 0 90,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0211 Council Chambers Visual Aids Upgrade A 0 0 47,850 0 7,150 55,000 55,000 0 55,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0313 Water SCADA Server Upgrade/Replacement 2 0 0 55,000 0 0 55,000 55,000 0 55,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0813 Administrators/City Council Electroulc Work Platforms 5 0 0 26,100 0 3,900 30,000 30,000 0 30,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0114 Network Equipment-Data&Voice 10 0 0 472,410 0 70,590 543,000 543,000 0 25,000 0 0 250,000 268,000 0 0 0 IT0212 Redundant Data Center Fire Suppression/Security 4 0 0 17,400 0 2,600 20,000 20,000 0 20,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 IT0614 Server Replacements 7 0 0 ]83,000 0 117,000 900,000 9001000 0 0 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 0 IT0814 Data Storage Array SAN & Backup Capacity Increase 8 0 0 783,000 0 117,000 900,000 901 0 0 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 150,000 0 IT0214 Records Management System integration 6 0 0 613,350 0 91,650 701'010 705,000 0 0 50,000 0 0 0 0 0 655,000 IT0913 ISouse SunGard System Upgrade/HA Redundancy 9 0 0 217,500 0 32,500 250,000 250,000 0 0 0 250,000 0 0 0 0 0 IT1113 Proximity Access Control 3 0 0 131,370 0 19,630 151,000 151,000 0 0 0 60,000 60,000 31,000 0 0 0 IT0314 Data Center Active Redundant Facility 5 0 0 896,100 0 133,900 1,030,000 1,030,000 0 0 0 50,000 0 0 0 0 980,000 IT0514 Data Storage Array Systems it 0 0 435,000 0 65,000 500,000 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 250,000 250,000 0 0 IT0714 Data Backup Systems Replacements 12 0 0 261,000 0 39,000 300,000 300,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300,000 0 IT0413 Physical Records Digital Conversion P 0 0 261,000 0 39,000 300,000 300,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300,000 IT0414 Data Center Active Redundant Facility(Full) P 0 0 3,523,500 0 526,500 4,050,000 4,050,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4,050,000 ELECTRIC 0 CL0308 Automated Metering A 0 2,779,927 540,527 0 0 3,319,454 3,319,454 1,580,954 1,738,500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0206 Upgrade "A" Street Substation Trans former A 0 0 823,027 0 0 823,027 823,027 23,027 350,000 450,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0106 Eclipse Industrial Park Increase Capacity A 0 0 370,882 0 0 370,882 310,882 170,882 200,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0612 Upgrade Downtown Lighting Poles A 0 0 315,221 0 0 315,221 315,221 21,721 193,500 100,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0314 Land for tight Ops Building 1 0 0 200,000 0 0 200,000 200,000 C 200,000 C C C C C C C CL0210 Transmission Line Upgrade 2 0 0 240,000 0 0 240,000 240,000 0 240,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0212Yard/Area Light Replacement 3 0 0 125,000 0 0 125,000 125,000 0 50,000 50,000 25,000 0 0 0 0 0 CLO807 Olympic Medical Center Redundant Power Source 4 100,000 0 10,000 0 0 10,000 110,000 0 110,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0113 Substation Security Fencing 5 0 0 60,000 0 0 60,000 60,000 0 60,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0213 Repair College Service Entrance 6 0 0 33,000 0 0 33,000 33,000 0 33,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 CL0414 Light Ops Building 7 0 0 1,715,000 0 0 1,715,000 1,]15,000 0 0 315,000 1,400,000 0 0 0 0 0 CLO 114 Overhead Reco,ductori,g 8 0 0 220,000 0 0 220,000 220,000 0 0 0 20,000 200,000 0 0 0 0 CL0313 Pole ReplacementPmgram 9 0 952,172 1,325,000 0 0 2,277,172 2,277,172 952,172 0 0 650,000 0 0 675,000 0 0 CL0514 Street Light Upgrades Phase 2 10 0 0 50 0,0 00 0 0 500,000 500,000 0 0 0 0 500,000 0 0 0 0 CL0202 Feeder Tie Porter TOGolf Course 12 0 0 260,000 0 0 260,000 260,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 260,000 0 0 CL0104 Feeder Tie Hwy 101,Cherry Streetto Ploe Street 11 0 0 ]2,]63 0 0 72,763 72,763 12,763 0 0 0 0 0 60,000 0 0 CL0306 ustall Peabody Substati ou 13 0 0 770,000 0 0 770,000 ]]0,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 40,000 730,000 0 CLO799 Airport Industrial Park Electric Service P 800,000 0 0 0 0 800,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 800,000 WATER WT0108 Automated Metering A 0 1,270,497 0 0 1,270,497 1,270,497 602,697 667,800 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WT0109 E Street Reservoir Cover Removal A 0 0 434,686 0 0 434,686 434,686 84,686 70,000 280,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 WT0114 Marine Drive Water Main 1 0 0 950,000 0 0 950,000 950,000 0 950,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WT0602 Watermain Contingenry Replacements 2 0 0 1,694,000 0 0 1,694,000 1,694,000 0 250,000 0 200,000 0 0 250,000 0 994,000 WT6499 McDougal Pressure Sub zo,e Improvements 4 0 0 550,000 0 0 550,000 550,000 0 0 0 50,000 500,000 0 0 0 0 WT0214 Transmission Main East of Golf Course Road 5 0 0 1,200,000 0 0 1,200,000 1,200,000 C 0 C 0 200,000 1,000,000 0 0 0 WTO 111 Liberty Street Water Mal, Replacement 3 0 0 380,000 0 0 380,000 380,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 50,000 330,000 0 WT0212 East 6th Street Water Main Replacement 9 0 0 290,000 0 0 290,000 290,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 40,000 250,000 0 WT0112 10th Street Water Main Replacement 6 0 0 900,000 0 0 900,000 900,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100,000 800,000 WT0412 West 4th Street Water Main Replacement P 0 0 1,150,000 0 0 1,150,000 1,150,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,150,000 WT0114 Water Pressure So,hTumw.te,/Hwy 101 P 0 0 1,000,000 0 0 1,000,000 1,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,000,000 WT0309 Transfer Morse Creek Water tines to Clallam PUD 7 200,000 0 200,000 0 0 200,000 400,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 400,000 WT0512 East 4th Street Water Main Replacement 8 0 0 400,000 0 0 400,000 400,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4001000 WT0612 Third Street and Une Street Main Replacement 12 0 0 390,000 0 0 390,000 390,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3901000 WT0305 Vulnerability Improvements P 0 0 210,000 0 0 210,000 210,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 210,000 WT0312 North Liberty Street Water Main 10 0 0 100000 0 0 100000 100000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100000 STORMWATER DR03094th Street Stormwater Improvements A 935,000 0 805,994 0 0 805,994 1,]40,994 483,994 1,257,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 DR0212 Peabody Creek Fecal Coliform Bacteria Reduction A 309,969 0 185,300 0 0 185,300 495,269 20,269 150,000 250,000 25,000 0 25,000 25,000 0 0 DR0211 Stormwater System Rehabilitate,Reserves 1 0 0 1,344,000 0 0 1,344,000 1,344,000 0 170,000 0 382,000 192,000 200,000 200,000 200,000 0 DR0108 Annual Water Quality Project 2 0 0 180,000 0 0 180,000 180,000 0 30,000 30,000 30,000 0 30,000 30,000 30,000 DR0213 H Street Stormwater Outfall Improvements 3 0 0 400,000 0 0 400,000 400,000 0 0 400,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 �R1"'L n )l'14'J )1 IRO r14 amt {; 11e1I1' DR0412 Biennial Outfall Dredging 4 0 0 165,000 0 0 165,000 165,000 0 0 0 55,000 0 55,000 0 55,000 0 DR0304 Starat Laurel&US101 5 0 5]5,000 0 0 0 5]5,000 5]5,000 0 0 0 0 0 75,000 500,000 0 0 DR0112 Valley Creek Culvert/Outfal l Replacement P 0 0 600,000 0 0 600,000 600,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 600,000 DR0404 Starat Canyon Edge &Ahlvers P 0 0 3,500,000 0 0 3,500,000 3,500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,500,000 DR0411 Liberty Street Stormwater Improvement 6 0 0 1,035,000 0 0 1,035,000 1,035,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 135,000 900,000 DR0604 Starr -at Campbell &Porter P 0 0 3,500,0000 0 3,500,000 3,500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1500,000 DR0804 Lincoln Park/Big By Pond P 0 0 100,000 0 0 100000 100000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100000 SOLID WASTE SW0212 Landfill Cell Stabilization A 3,999,100 16,545,000 946,900 0 0 17,491,900 21,491,0001,958,282 11,491,000 7,900,000 141,718 0 0 0 0 0 SM114 Stormwater/Sewerinflow Disconnect 1 0 0 30,000 0 0 30,000 30,000 0 30,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 G-5 Attachment A -CFP m15 mm COMBINED SEWER OVERFLOWS (CSO) U50601 Combined Sewer Overflows Phase l 1 414,459 23,350,000 3,588,680 0 0 27,353,139 27,353,139 25,018,739 2,334,4001 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 WW1008 Combined Sewer Overflows Phase 2 2 0 12,000,000 6,408,132 0 18,408,132 18,408,132 1,637,889 5,820,243 WASTEWATER 0 0 0 0 0 0 25,000 0 0 0 US1001 Automated Metering A 0 1,128,664 124,874 0 0 1,253,538 1,253,538 266,538 987,000 WM210 SCADA System Upgrade/ReplacementA 317,000 0 0 855,150 0 0 85256,2500 855,150 855,150 256,250 573,900 W W0111 Sanitary Sewer Inflltratlon/Inflow Reduction Phase I A 0 0 2,098,710 0 0 2,098,710 2,098,710 23,710 450,000 WM114 Biennial Replacement tines 1 0 0 1,050,000 0 0 1,050,000 1,050,000 0 100,000 WW0113 EUGA Pump Replacement A 0 0 120,037 0 0 120,037 120,037 48,537 71,500 WM506Sewer Trestle @ Francis and 8th Streets A 0 317,815 0 0 0 317,815 317,815 259,915 57,900 WW0211 Fiber Optic Connectionsto CSO Sites A 0 0 88,099 0 0 88,099 88,099 13,099 35,000 WM208 Septage Receiving Station WWTP 3 0 0 1,250,000 0 0 1,250,000 1,250,000 0 0 WWO108 Dry Polymer Feeder Replacement WWTP 2 0 0 165,000 0 0 165,000 165,000 0 0 W 40 Carbon Scrubbers WWTP 4 0 0 20,000 0 0 20,000 20,000 0 0 W W0205 Blosollds Dewatering & Reuse 50 0 0 3,750,000 0 0 3,750,000 3,750,000 0 0 WWO110 Turbo Blower Installation P 0 0 550,000 0 0 550,000550,000 0 0 W W0300 Lindberg Rd Sewer LID P 0 0 1,200,000 0 0 1,200,000 1,200,000 0 0 WM308 Pump Station N3 Replacement 6 O O 5,111,754 O O 5,111,754 5,111,7m 111,754 O W W0508 Digester Mixing Improvement WWTP P 0 0 1,280,000 0 0 1,280,000 1,280,000 0 0 WM608 Waste Activated Sludge Thickening WWTP P O O 1,500,000 O O 1,500,000 1,500,000 O O WW0708 West UGA Basing Sewer Extension P 7,100,000 0 0 0 0 7,100,000 7,100,000 0 0 WW0909 West UGA Basi n 3 Sewer Extension P 6,100,000 O O O O 6,100,000 6,100,000 O O WW1108 West UGA Basin 4 Sewer Extension P 2.500000 0 0 0 0 2.500000 2.500.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 25,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 300,000 325,000 325,000 325,000 350,000 0 0 300,000 0 317,000 0 333,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 40,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 250,000 1,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 30,000 135,000 0 0 0 0 0 20,0000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 750,000 3,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 550,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,200,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,280,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,wo'000 0 0 0 0 0 0 7,100,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 6.100.000 G-6 Attachment A -CFP 2015-2020 NGELES WASH ING TO N, CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: JULY 15, 2014 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: SHERRY WRIGHT, BUDGET OFFICER SUBJECT: 2014 BUDGET AMENDMENT #2 Summary: The 2014 Budget is being amended for second time to adjust a variety of funds to reflect changes in revenues and expenditures that have occurred during the first half of 2014. As this budget amendment includes new revenues as well as an authorization to use funds from reserves, the ordinance must be approved by a super -majority of the entire Council or at least five (5) affirmative votes. Recommendation: The requested action for this issue is as follows: 1. Conduct the second reading of the 2014 Budget Amendment 42 ordinance; and 2. Move to adopt the 2014 Budget Amendment 42 ordinance. Background/Analysis The 2nd Amendment will "clean-up" a variety of changes to City revenues and expenditures, including receipt of new grant funds, carry-over of capital projects, and other budgetary changes. The proposed changes are summarized below and shown in detail on the following pages. Most of these increased expenditures have already been approved by Council, and the majority of these increases will be funded using existing reserves. As you will recall, the General Fund added nearly $900,000 to reserves at the end of 2013. This budget amendment will use approximately $785,000 of those reserves. Since many of the individual actions require funding to come from reserves (money unspent at the end of the fiscal year automatically rolls into reserves/fund balance), approval of the ordinance will require a super majority of the entire Council, or five (5) affirmative votes. Following is a summary of the changes in the budget by fund type H-1 2014 Budget Amendment #2 July 15, 2014 GENERAL FUND SPECIAL REVENUE FUNDS ENTERPRISE FUNDS INTERNAL SERVICE FUNDS CAPITAL FUNDS Revenues down $72,000 Revenues down $155,500 Revenues up $849,750 Revenues up $53,000 Revenues up $6,929,000 Expenditures up $721,300 Expenditures up $43,000 Expenditures up $700,950 Expenditures down $139,400 Expenditures up $4,798,802 The majority of the changes listed above are a result of capital projects moving from 2013 to 2014. These projects are either fully carried over if construction had not yet begun, or the remaining portion of the project is moved forward. Funding for the projects is either from existing reserves, or from grants that were also moved into 2014. Adjustments are also being made to various projects in order to align the budget with the Capital Facilities Plan (CFP). Attached is a detailed list of proposed budget changes, the budget amendment ordinance, along with Exhibit A which lists total revenues and expenditures by fund for the 2014 Budget Amendment 41 and proposed Amendment 42. Tonight's meeting will include a second reading and adoption of the budget amendment ordinance. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact me at your convenience. Attachments: Detailed list of proposed budget changes 2014 Budget Ordinance — Amendment 42 Exhibit A H-2 Nippon Settlement- utility tax (144,000) - 001.2001.314.5100 Reduction of 2014 city utility taxes Affordability Index Analysis - FCS Group 16,500 001.2010.514.4150 One-time review of utility costs and ability to pay SEC Compliance Review 10,000 001.2023.514.4150 Review of financial reporting to ensure Federal compliance Payroll/GL training for Finance 6,000 001.2023.514.4150 On-site Sungard trainer for new staff Nippon Refund - utility taxes 200,000 001.2099.519.4990 One-time refund for 2012-2013 city utility taxes Archaeological Services 20,000 001.4062.558.4150 As needed services for work in waterfront area Port Security Grant (2012) reduction (50,000) - 001.5022.331.9705 Grant was received in 2013. Port Security Grant (2011) carryover 122,000 - 001.6020.333.9705 Carried over from 2013; Transferred from Police to Fire Port Security Grant (2011) carryover - 122,000 001.6020.594.6410 Carried over from 2013; Transferred from Police to Fire Cash drawers in Recreation 5,000 001.8010.574.3160 Increase # of cash drawers per direction from auditors Senior Center- Dishwasher replacement 6,800 001.8012.555.3180 Funding from Senior Center "committed fund balance" City Pier Fire Suppression 330,000 001.8080.597.5991 Transfer to CIP to fund project City Halluuyentrance -ADpIAI compliance 5,000 001.8131.518.4810 Install new switch assembly to automate entry door IIIIEII 147, MIS, , ni ,11612, Lodging Tax - Increase Chamber contract 31,000 101.1430.557.5083 Remove sequestration and increase contract to $340,000 Street- Reduce Traffic Supplies (12,000) 102.7120.542.3160 Reduce to offset transfer to Equip Services Street- Reduce Repairs & Maintenance (10,000) 102.7120.542.4180 Reduce to offset transfer to Equip Services Street - Transfer to Equip Svcs 22,000 102.7120.597.5991 To purchase trailer for centerline button replacement Economic Development - eliminate transfer (280,500) - 103.1511.397.1099 Use funds for Waterfront Development in CIP fund PenCom settlement proceeds 125,000 - 107.5160.338.2811 TracFone settlement with State PenCom laptop replacements - 6,000 107.5160.528.3160 Purchase 3 replacement laptops PenCom - UPS maintenance agreement - 6,000 107.5160.528.4810 3 -year agreement overlooked in original budget E, 12, IIIII Electrical Plan Review revenue 15,000 - 401.7180.345.8300 Related to outside contractor work Electrical Plan Review expenses - 15,000 401.7180.533.4150 Related to outside contractor work Internal tronsferforland purchase - 200,000 401.9998.597.5881 Transfer to Electric Capital Fund IIEIIIIIII Move investment interest from WTP Fund 70,000 - 402.7380.361.1100 WTP Fund combined with Water Fund. IIIMIILI I�I III s �� Dept of Ecology- Grant award 4,750 - 403.7480.374.0310 Pass through funding for small businesses Customer Reimbursement -wastewater equip. - 4,750 403.7480.535.4810 Incentive to purchase secondary containment system Internal t�rI�onlsfer forSCADA Plant Controller 156,000 403.9998.597.5881 Transfer to Wastewater Capital Fund IIIIEIIZ�Ih Internalltransfer for Stormwoter Seporatio n 30,000 404.9998.597.5881 Transfer to Solid Waste Capital Fund III723,IIIM Iii"®nPil New Employee -Add 1.0 FTE (for 6 months) 38,200 406.7412.538.xxxx Utility Worker II to meet requirements of NPDES GreeJnn Alley - Increase transfer to CIP - 92,000 406.7412.597.5991 Stormwater is paying for project; Street will maintain IIII�III Port Security Grant (2011) 35,000 - 409.6025.333.9705 Grant proceeds carried over from 2013 Port Security Grant (2011) - 35,000 409.6025.594.6410 Grant used to purchase defibrillators EII 02s s IIIII, 11 Move investment to Water Fund (70,000) - 412.7385.361.1100 Funds have been combined; move budget interest IIIIEIIl, Z fi�lll.m. hd a Harbor Clean-up - Insurance Settlements 395,000 413.7481.369.4000 Based on attorney estimates Dept of Ecology Remedial Action Grant 400,000 413.7481.374.0310 Grant proceeds Coscodio Law - increase contract - 130,000 413.7481.535.4150 Increase spending from $35K to $165K U IIII IIII IIIIII IIIII"Is, Y ®� �Afi "®m �� ' iiiiiiiiijillillilillillillillillillillilliillilliI �� Port Security Grant (2011) 31,000 - 501.7630.333.9705 Grant proceeds carried over from 2013 Port Security Grant (2011) - 31,000 501.7630.594.6410 Grant used to purchase CAFS equipment for Fire Bitumen Applicator Trailer - Transferin 22,000 - 501.7630.397.1091 Transfer in from Street Bitumen Applicator Trailer- purchase - 22,000 501.7630.594.6410 Trailer used for centerline button replacement Dumpbox for vehicle 1350 -purchase 28,200 501.7630.594.6410 Carried over from 2013; using reserves Graphics for vehicles 1313, 1314 1,400 501.7630.594.6410 Carried over from 2013; using reserves Toolbox for vehicle 7452 2,200 501.7630.594.6410 Carried over from 2013; using reserves Parks Dept turf sweeper/vacuum 4,600 501.7630.594.6410 Replacement cost higher than budgeted; covered by reserves IIIII IIII II IIIA I�I IIII Y®,� I III II I Proximity Access Control - Eliminate (60,000) 502.2082.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts Redundant Fire Suppression - Reduce (30,000) 502.2082.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts HVAC/Generator project - Increase 42,000 502.2082.594.6510 Approved by Council 5/6/14 Thin Client Implementation - Reduce (198,300) 502.2082.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts Execu time Software 17,500 502.2082.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts III E212M. ,ll II IU H-3 Marine Drive project - budgeted twice Green Alley - increase transfer in 92,000 Green Alley - increase spending - Tumwater Slide Repair - increase grant 74,300 Tumwater Slide Repair - increase spending - Louridsen Bridge project - increase spending - RCO Grant for Waterfront Dev - increase 27,000 Waterfront Development - increase spending - Eliminate transfer back to Econ. Dev. - Civic Field Lighting project 60,000 (330,000) 310.7910.594.6510 Project was budgeted in 2 divisions - 310.7930.397.1091 8,000 310.7930.595.6510 - 310.7930.333.9736 60,300 310.7930.595.6510 279,350 310.7930.595.6510 - 310.7961.334.0270 348,552 310.7961.595.6510 (280,500) 310.7961.597.5999 - 310.8985.367.1100 Stormwater is paying for this project Council approved increase Council approved increase 1/7/14 Council approved increase 1/7/14 Council approved increase Council approved increase 4/15/14 Council approved increase; use funding from Econ Dev. Use funds for Waterfront Development Project Funding from PA School District for Civic Field lighting IIIEIIIIIII� Marine Drive Watermain - increase 950,000 452.7388.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts Biennial Watermain Replacement - decrease (362,000) 452.7388.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts E Street Reservoir - decrease - (635,500) 452.7388.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts Internal transfer forSCADA Plant Controller 156,000 - 453.9998.397.1081 Transfer from Wastewater Operating Fund SCADA Plant Controller - increase - 148,000 453.7488.594.6510 Council approved increase 4/1/14 Biennial Replacement- decrease (176,000) 453.7488.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts SanitarySewerU- decrease - (135,500) 453.7488.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts uar�y IIII�II�Ih Stormwater Separation of Compost Facility 30,000 - 454.9998.397.5881 Transfer in from Solid Waste Fund Stormwater Separation of Compost Facility - 30,000 454.7588.594.6510 Funding from Solid Waste reserves IIE, 1Y"A�B�I Peabody Creek Water Quality project (10,300) - 456.7688.334.0310 Eliminate Dept of Ecology Water Quality Grant Peabody Creek Water Quality project - (10,300) 456.7688.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts Peabody Creek Bacteria Reduction 150,000 - 456.7688.334.0310 Grant award from Dept of Ecology Peabody Creek Bacteria Reduction - 150,000 456.7688.594.6510 Adjust budget based on receipt of DOE grant Outfato Streams/Marine - eliminate - (55,000) 456.7688.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts all , CSO Phase II - loan proceeds 5,820,000 - 463.7489.382.8000 Adjust budget based on loan proceeds awarded CSO Phase II - increase spending - 5,820,000 463.7489.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts CSO Phase I - reduce spending - (1,292,000) 463.7489.594.6510 Adjust budget to approved CFP amounts IEIII�II H -4 ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington amending the 2014 budget and funds. WHEREAS, the Annual Budget of the City of Port Angeles for the year 2014, was adopted, approved and confirmed on December 3rd, 2013, in Ordinance 3490, in the manner provided by law. WHEREAS, now there exists an emergency that could not reasonably have been foreseen when the 2014 budget was adopted. WHEREAS, the facts constituting the emergency include, but are not limited to: Unanticipated additional revenue; Unanticipated reduced revenue; Unanticipated additional expenditures for a variety of expenditure classifications including maintenance and repair and changes in planned capital expenditures as previously authorized by Council; WHEREAS, these facts require amendments to the adopted budget in order to meet the expenses of government of the City for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2014 NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, do ordain as follows: Section 1. Pursuant to RCW 35A.33.090, the City Council declares that an emergency exists. -1- H-5 Section 2. The 2014 budget appropriation for each separate fund as set forth in Ordinance 3490, is amended as shown in the attached Exhibit A Section 3. The City Clerk and the codifiers of this ordinance are authorized to correct scrivener's errors, references, ordinance numbering, section and subsection numbers and any references thereto. Section 4. This Ordinance exercises authority granted exclusively to the City Council and is not subject to referendum. It shall be in force and take effect 5 (five) days after publication according to law. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles by a vote of one more than the majority of all members of the legislative body at a regular meeting of said Council on the day of , 2014. ATTEST: Dan DiGuilio, Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: Janessa Hurd, City Clerk William E. Bloor, City Attorney PUBLISHED: By Summary H:Aa ORDINANCES&RESOLUTIONSVORDINANCES.2014\17 - Budget Anendment.06.09.14-pd -2- H-6 General Unspecified City Attorney Toil Contributions 001. 4052 ! Cultural Resources 001. 5010 Police Administration 001. 5012 PenCom/Capital Transfers 001. 15021 Police Investigation 001. 5022 ,Police Patrol 001. 5026 Police Reserves & Volunteers 001. 5029 -Police Records 001. 5050 Police Facilities Maintenance 001. 6010 Fire Administration 001. 6012 PenCom/Medic l Support 001. 6020 Fire Suppression 001. 6021 Fire Volunteers 001. 6022 Special Operations 001. 6030 Fire Prevention 001, 6040 Fire Training 001. 6050 Fire Facilities Maintenance 001. 6060 ! Fire Emergency Monagemern 001, 7010 Public Works Administration 001. 17012 Public Works CIP 001, 8010 Parks Administration 001. 8012 -Senior Center 001. 8050 Ocean View Cemetery 001. 8080 Park Facilities 001. 8090 Marine Life Center 001. 8112 Senior Center Facilities 001. 8131 Central Services Facilities 001. 8221 Sports Programs 001. 8224 youth/ Family Programs 001 TOTAL General Fund SPECIAL REVENUE FUNDS 301 Funds Fund IDiv. I Name / Description Economic Development Fund 105 Real Estate Excise Tax-1(REET-1) Fund 107 GENERAL FUND (Note: Divisional totals for reference only) 156 Esther Webster (Fine Arts Center) Ope Fund Balance: 001. 1160 :. City Council 001. 1210 : City Manager 001. 1211 'Customer Commitment 001. 1220 Human Resources 001. 1230 City Clerk 001. 1390 Community Service 001. 2001 Finance -Revenue 001. 2010 Finance Administration 001. 2023 Accounting 001. 2025 Customer Service General Unspecified City Attorney Toil Contributions 001. 4052 ! Cultural Resources 001. 5010 Police Administration 001. 5012 PenCom/Capital Transfers 001. 15021 Police Investigation 001. 5022 ,Police Patrol 001. 5026 Police Reserves & Volunteers 001. 5029 -Police Records 001. 5050 Police Facilities Maintenance 001. 6010 Fire Administration 001. 6012 PenCom/Medic l Support 001. 6020 Fire Suppression 001. 6021 Fire Volunteers 001. 6022 Special Operations 001. 6030 Fire Prevention 001, 6040 Fire Training 001. 6050 Fire Facilities Maintenance 001. 6060 ! Fire Emergency Monagemern 001, 7010 Public Works Administration 001. 17012 Public Works CIP 001, 8010 Parks Administration 001. 8012 -Senior Center 001. 8050 Ocean View Cemetery 001. 8080 Park Facilities 001. 8090 Marine Life Center 001. 8112 Senior Center Facilities 001. 8131 Central Services Facilities 001. 8221 Sports Programs 001. 8224 youth/ Family Programs 001 TOTAL General Fund SPECIAL REVENUE FUNDS 301 Lodging Excise Tax Fund 102 Street Fund 103 Economic Development Fund 105 Real Estate Excise Tax-1(REET-1) Fund 107 PenCom Fund 156 Esther Webster (Fine Arts Center) Ope 160 Real Estate Excise Tax -2 (REET-2) Fund 172 Port Angeles Housing Rehab. Fund 615,300 TOTAL Special Revenue Funds CITY of PORT ANGELES 2014 Budget Ordinance - Amend #2 Exhibit A 14 Budget -1st Amendment Be inning Revenuel Expenditures Ending Balance Est. I I I Balance Est. 5,848,438 5,864,438 41,300 66,900 -- 411,500 272,400 0 8,900 0 244,400 0 219,100', •...-. ____ 0 _._. 46,750 '.. 14,577,400. 0 0 615,300 0 705,600 0 1,034,600 0 - 86,900 __ ._... 0 45,800 0 - _- 200,800 439,300 385,300. 0 650,000 22,500 - � 535,3001 335,400 468,700 .. 215,000 164,950 0 42,600 0 0 0 613,450 !. 215,000 245,200 300 -� - 885,850 _-2, 440,250 783,800 0 --- -_-- ._._ 11,150 _...._ 23,350 - 447,450 -. 15,000 5,800 123,900 345,300 0 454,500 9,800 1,374,200 8,800 __. 65,300 0 3,500 23,500 31,600 6,000 139,500 0 __. 41,300 0 3,100 1,513,600 __-_ _---- 2,680,000 -_--- 0 176,200 26,500 293,200 '.. 44,000. 144,100'. 141,000 ..._ __ . 151,900 .....1,541,100 ''�. ..... . 20,000 1,871,100 0 20,300 0 37,100 315,800 589,300 167,000 '': 154,400 '.. 89,500 167,800 5,848,438; 19,226,800 19,210,800 5,864,438 282,284: 470,300 574,800 177,784 462,352 1,851,600 1,861,700 ! 452,252 355,871 4.20,500 178,500 597,871 64,297 85,400 18,400 131,297 697,444 2,308,200 2,398,500 607,144 840,561 138,300 132,310 846,551 58,054 85,200 86,100 57,154 207,084 791,500 834,300 164,284 2,967,947 6,151,000 6,084,610 3,034,337 Page 1 of 2 2014 Budget - 2nd Amendment Beginningi Revenuel Expendituresl Ending Balance Est.1 I I Balance Est. 5,848,438 5,071,138 _._.66,900. 41,300 - -' 411,500 272,400 _-- 0 8,900. 0 244,400 0 219,100. __. 0 .__ 46,750 14,433,400 0 0 631,800 _._ .. 0 ".0 721,600 1,034,600 0 86,900 0 45,800, - _... 0 -- 400,800 -- 439,300 385,300 _ 0 550,000 22,500 535,300 336,400 468,700 215,000 164,950: 0 42,600 0 20,000 ..613,450 0 215,000 245,200 300 885,850 390,250 2,783,800 0 ''. 11,150 . 23,350 447,450 15,000 5,800 .345,300 - 123,900 0 454,600 131,800 1,496,200 8,800 65,300 0 - 3,500 --31,600 ��- 23,600 - 6,000 139,500 0 41,300 0 3,100 1,513,600 2,680,000 0 176,200 - 26,500 298,200 44,000 150,900 141,000 151,900 - 20,000 1,871,100 0 20,300 0 : 37,100 315,800 594,300 167,000 164,400 89,500 167,800 5,848,438 19,154,800 19,932,100 ! 5,071,138 282,284 470,300 605,800 146,784 462,352 1,851,600 1,861,700 452,252 355,871 140,000 178,500 317,371 64,297 85,400 18,400 131,297 697,444 2,433,200 2,410,500 720,144 840,561 138,300 ! 1.32,310 846,551 58,054 85,200 86,100 57,154 207,084 791,500 834,300 164,284 2.967.947 5.995.500 6.127.610 2.835.837 H-7 CITY of PORT ANGELES 2014 Budget Ordinance - Amend #2 Exhibit A Funds 2014 Budget - 1st Amendment 2014 Budget - 2nd Amendment Fund IDiv. Name/ Description Beginning] Revenuel Expendituresl Ending I Beginningl Revenuel Expenditures Ending I I I E� I Balance Est.1 I I Balance F -t I Balance Est.1 I I Balance Est. DEBT SERVICE FUNDS 212 2005 GO Bond -- Refunding Fund (Library)_ 18,262 287,100 281,700 23,662 18,262 287,100 281,700 23,662 214 2005 LTGO Bond Fund (W.U.G.A.) 3,467 2.55,000 252,800 5,667 3,467 255,000 252,800 5,667 215 2006 LTGO Bond (Prop. Acquisition) Fund 669,126 60,300 87,000 642,426 669,126 60,300 87,000 642,426 TOTAL Debt Service Funds 690,855 602,400 621,500 671,755 690,855 602,400 621,500 671,755 ENTERPRISE / UTILITY FUNDS 401 Electric Utility Fund 1402 Water Utility Fund 403 Wastewater Utility Fund 404 Solid Waste -- Collections Utility Fund 406 Stormwater Utility Fund 409 Medic 1 Utility Fund !421 Conservation Fund 1,857,800 TOTAL Enterprise / Utility Funds ENTERPRISE / INTERNAL SERVICE FUNDS 501 ;Equipment Services 4,361,209 1,789,100 2,495,985 3,654,324 4,361,209 ! 1,842,100 2,585,385: 3,617,924 502 Information Technology 1,071,768 1,857,800 2,658,908 270,660 1,071,768. 1,857,800 2,430,108 499,460 503 Self -Insurance 1,203,965 5,308,000 5,308,000 1,203,965 1,203,965 5,308,000 5,308,000 1,203,965'. TOTAL Internal Service Funds 6,636,942 8,954,900 10,462,893 5,128,949 6,636,942 9,007,900 10,323,493 5,321,349 FIDUCIARY FUNDS 602 Firemen's Pension Fund 420,094 23,300 138,200 305,194 420,094 23,300 '', 138,200 305,194 TOTAL Fiduciary Funds 420,094 ! 23,300 138,200 305,194 420,094 ! 23,300 138,200 305,194 PERMANENT FUNDS 601 Cemetery Endowment Fund 383,939 3,000 0 386,939 383,939 3,000 0 386,939 TOTAL Permanent Funds 383,939 3,000 0 ! 386,939: 383,939 3,000 0 386,939 TOTAL Capital Funds 2,694,121 6,861,800 9,254,552 301,369 189,930 4,000 0 193,930' 2,633,333 1,191,600 3,175,000 649,933 1,566,944 306,000 1,867,800 5,144 2,561,691 880,000 2,423,300 1,018,391 0 47,300 47,300 0 692,416 1,138,000 1,607,000 223,416 8,475,564 7,780,700 8,736,553 7,519,711 8.813.999 18.209.400 27.111.505 9.911.894 SUB -TOTAL ALL FUNDS 62,802,881 130,475,700 141,577,181 ! 51,701,400 62,802,881 1138,079,950 147,701,833 53,180,998 Reserves - Designated Reserves Used 11,101,481 9,621,883 TOTAL ALL FUNDS 62,802,881 141,577,181 141,577,181 51,701,400 62,802,881 147,701,833 ! 147,701,833 ! 53,180,998 Page 2 of 2 u - 8 .70RT COUNCIL DATE: July 15, 2014 TO: CITY COUNCIL NGELES FROM: NATHAN A. WEST, DIRECTOR COMMUNITY & ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SUBJECT: MUNICIPAL CODE AMENDMENT - MCA 14-02 STREET TREE ORDINANCE Summary: A new Municipal Code section (11.13 Streets and Sidewalks) is being proposed to establish standards for management of the City's street trees. The Street Tree Ordinance is intended to provide a framework for the responsibility of street tree care and provides standards for maintenance. The Street Tree Ordinance will also meet two of the required qualifications of the City being designated as a Tree City USA. Recommendation: Following discussion, staff recommends that the City Council adopt the attached ordinance. Background: During discussion of the proposed Street Tree Ordinance at the July 1, 2014, City Council meeting, discussion centered around two concerns: • The ordinance will impose new requirements for tree planting upon property owners that will impede new development; and • The ordinance will result in unnecessary expense to property owners. As written, the ordinance does not impact property owners unless they choose to modify an existing City Right -of -Way. Attached excerpts from the Port Angeles Municipal Code (Code) address the established responsibilities of abutting property owners relative to maintenance of abutting rights-of-way (planting strips and sidewalks). The responsibility for abutting property owners to maintain abutting rights-of-way have been contained with the City's Municipal Code for many years beginning in June, 1890 (Ordinance 43 of the City of Port Angeles). This responsibility has been modified over the years with the most recent standards being in 1985 and with adoption of the City's nuisance laws in 2005. The goal of the proposed ordinance is to create and retain a healthy resource that benefits all City residents. The proposed street tree ordinance will ensure consistency with existing Municipal Code requirements while establishing a point of responsibility for information regarding the street tree resource, which is a requirement for the City to become designated as a Tree City U.S.A., and does not impose fines or require expensive maintenance. H-9 City Council Memo Street Tree Ord July 15, 2014 Page 2 The City Council requested that staff pursue a Tree City U.S.A. designation. In order to participate in the National Arbor Foundation's Tree City U.S.A. program, locally managed through the Washington State Department of Natural Resources, agencies must (1) adopt a specific ordinance that establishes management standards for public trees, and (2) designate a specific individual, department, or committee that has authority for the management of public trees. The Tree City U.S.A. program provides funds and other resources to help cities manage and plant street trees. The proposed ordinance allows the City to participate in the Tree City U.S.A. program that will provide educational opportunities for property owners and ensures that the City's tree canopy will be preserved and become more healthy. In closing, the proposed ordinance does not impose additional maintenance requirements for property owners and speaks only to trees located in rights -of way. The City will continue to maintain clear areas between vegetation and overhead power lines in rights-of-way. The ordinance will provide an educational resource and should raise an awareness of property owner caretaking responsibilities while providing a data base of the City's street and public tree inventory. The attached ordinance indicates edits pointed out at the July 1 meeting. Staff remains available for questions. Attachments: Existing excerpts from the Port Angeles Municipal Code Street Tree Ordinance H-10 ATTACHMENT Port Angeles Municipal Code Citations Section 11.08.010 PAMC Definitions E. "Construction" or "excavation" means the act of opening, excavating, or in any manner disturbing or breaking the surface or foundation of any permanent pavement; the establishment or alteration of any established grade or street; and the maintenance or removal of a sidewalk or crosswalk, pavement, sewers, water mains, street lighting or appurtenances thereto, and the planting or removal of street trees. L "Right-of-way" means: (1) A dedicated or owned right-of-way or easement of the City within the boundaries which may be located a street, highway, sidewalk, alley, avenue or other structure used for pedestrian or vehicular traffic or a utility structure or appurtenance or approved street tree or landscaping. Section 11.08.020 PAMC Permit—Required It is unlawful for any person to perform any work in a City right-of-way without first having obtained a permit therefore from the City Engineer as provided in this chapter. Section 11.12.010 PAMC Definitions: "Planting strip" means that portion of the right-of-way, if any, between a street and the adjacent sidewalk. Section 11. 12.090 PAMC Obstruction of sidewalks or planting stripsPermit required. Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 11. 12.060 of this chapter, the following obstructions of sidewalks or planting strips may be permitted, if a permit therefore is obtained from the City under this chapter: F. Landscaping including street trees planted in accordance with City standards; Section 11.12.130 PAMC Obstructions—Standards. Each obstruction proposed to be placed upon a sidewalk, street or planting strip of the City shall comply, at a minimum, with the following standards: H. No one shall plant in any public right-of-way any tree the roots of which cause injury to the sewers, water mains, sidewalks or pavements, the height of which interferes with overhead utility wires or which breed disease dangerous to other trees or to the public health or allow to remain in any public right-of-way any planted tree which has become dead or is in such condition as to be hazardous to the public use of the street and/or sidewalk, and any such trees now existing in any such planting strip or abutting street area shall be removed or properly pruned at the expense of the abutting property owner as may be directed by the City. No tree shall be planted within two feet of any sidewalk or pavement, except as may be otherwise approved. L No flowers, shrubs or trees shall be allowed to overhang or prevent the free use of the sidewalk or roadway, or street maintenance activity or utility use of the street except that trees may extend over the sidewalk when kept trimmed to a height of seven feet above same, and H-11 City Council Memo Street Tree Ord July 15, 2014 Page 4 15 feet above arterials and 14 feet above all other roadways. Trees so placed shall also be trimmed so as to remain below power lines if present. Section 11. 14.120 PAMC Telecommunications Facilities Within Rights-Of-WU H. Tree trimming. Upon ten days written notice provided to the Director, except in an emergency of imminent danger to persons or property, the grantee may trim trees or other vegetation owned by the City or encroaching upon the public right-of-way to prevent their branches or leaves from touching or otherwise interfering with its wires. All trimming or pruning shall be at the sole cost of the grantee. The grantee may contract for said trimming or pruning services with any person approved by the City. Section 8.30.045 PAMC Nuisances specifically defined. Filthy, littered, trash -covered, or overgrown premises or abutting street and alley rights-of- way for which a property owner is responsible to include, but not be limited to: 2. Vegetation: a. Overgrown, uncultivated, or unkempt vegetation of any type, including, but not limited to, shrubs, brush, trees, weeds, blackberries, and grasses over one foot in height. Where erosion control issues or indigenous species are present, an exception or modification may be made to these requirements. b. Vegetation exceeding 12 inches in height, excluding any cultivated, tended plants and flowers within a flower bed or container, shrubbery, or trees. C. Overhanging limbs or branches that are less than eight feet above a public walkway or sidewalk, or less than 14 feet above a public street. d. Dead, decaying or diseased trees or branches. Section PAMC 16.08.070(F) Requirements for tree planting ( Subdivision code) Street trees are required to be planted on arterial streets. Street trees are an expectation of all residential development done through an overlay plan (PRD, PLID, IOZ) to meet the standard of "a more fully designed residential development than traditional subdivision development." Public Works and Utilities Urban Services and Guidelines Department Policies 3.5 Tree Trimming: Pruning or removing vegetation to conform to approved standards for tree care as published in ANSI A300 (Part 1), leaving a pleasing appearance with limbs and debris removed from the site. 5. 1.1 If vegetation removal is in a City right-of-way or an easement landscaped by the customer, restoration of landscaping will be at the customer's expense. The City may rake and apply grass seed if appropriate. For scheduled work in rights-of-way or easements, customer(s) will be notified in advance to allow them time to remove or relocate plantings. T:AMCA\2014\Street Tree Ord\CityCouncilMemo.DOC H-12 ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington adding a new Chapter 11.13 to Title 11 of the Port Angeles Municipal Code establishing a system for management of trees in the City of Port Angeles public rights-of-way. THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PORT ANGELES DO HEREBY ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section l..A new Chapter is added to Title 11 of PAMC to read as follows: Sections: 11.13.010 Applicability 11.13.020 Findings of Fact 11.13.030 Purpose and Intent 11. 13.040 Definitions 11.13.050 Street Trees — General Requirements 11. 13.060 Administration 11.13.010 APPLICABILITY This ordinance applies to all trees located within public rights-of-way of the City of Port Angeles (City), referred to as "Street Trees." Nothing in this chapter applies to trees on other property. The provisions of this chapter are intended to supplement, and not to repeal or supersede, other applicable sections of the Port Angeles Municipal Code (PAMC). 11.13.020 FINDINGS OF FACT Street trees provide a wide range of environmental, social, aesthetic and economic benefits. The City of Port Angeles City Council hereby finds that these benefits include: 1. Improvement of air quality through absorption of carbon dioxide, production of oxygen, and removal of particulate materials; 2. Conservation of energy through reduction of weather impacts by shade production and wind moderation; 3. Reduction of stormwater impacts by modifying runoff patterns to improve water quality; reduce surface erosion and the risk of landslides; reduce siltation and water pollution in the City's streams and the waters of the Port Angeles Harbor; and reduced flood hazard. 4. Provision of habitat for wildlife. 5. Increased property values. 6. Enhancement of appearance and character of neighborhoods. 7. Relief from adverse impacts from environmental conditions including wind, rain, and sun. H-13 11.13.030 PURPOSE & INTENT A. The purpose of this chapter is to establish a system and framework for the management of the street trees, to promote the health of the tree canopy located within the City's rights-ofway, and to provide minimum standards for the preservation, protection and enhancement of the street trees to: Enhance economic opportunities over the long term by maintaining Port Angeles as an attractive and progressive community. 2. Safeguard and enhance property values. 3. Reduce the adverse impacts of development to existing land uses and the environment by providing relief from traffic, noise, heat, glare, dust, and debris. 4. Preserve and enhance the City's physical and aesthetic character by discouraging indiscriminate removal or destruction of street trees; 5. Ensure that appropriate tree species are planted. 6. Manage trees �N that pose a threat, danger, or nuisance to public safety, public and private property, or interfere with City utilities or infrastructure. 7. Promote the public health, safety, and general welfare of the citizens of Port Angeles while encouraging the reasonable development of land. 8. Implement policies of the City's Comprehensive Plan. 9. Meet the requirements to attain Tree City USA status established by the National Arbor Day Foundation as directed by the City Council. 11.13.040 DEFINITIONS The definitions contained in the City of Port Angeles Urban Services Standards & Guidelines manual and in the American National Standards Institute's Tree, Shrub, and Other Woody Plant Maintenance — Standard Practices, A300 Parts 1, 2, and 3, a copy of which will be kept on file by the City, are incorporated herein by this reference. 11.13.050 STREET TREES - General requirements A. For new development, redevelopment and land divisions in all zones, street tree requirements are as follows: All trees planted in the right-of-way shall be selected from the list of City approved street trees. The List of Approved Street Trees is established in the Port Angeles Urban Services Standards and Guideline Manual. 2. A Street Tree Planting Plan shall be submitted to and approved by the Community Forester as part of any development permit application. All proposed trees shall be shown on the plan with the species indicated. 3. Street trees shall be planted within the public right-of-way in accordance with the details provided in the current Urban Services Standards and Guidelines. 4. The owner shall install the street tree(s) specified on the Landscape Plan prior to the H-14 issuance of final project approval or issuance of Certificate of Occupancy. Street tree plantings may be delayed between May 1 and October 1. In this case, the owner shall provide an assurance acceptable to the City for any required tree planting. The assurance must be provided prior to approval and acceptance and/or the issuance of a Certificate of Occupancy. B. Street tree requirements in previously developed area. In addition to the above requirements, the following also apply; 1. Approval by the Community Forester and the Public Works and Utilities Department shall be required to plant, remove or prune trees in the public right-of-way. Approval shall include but not be limited to: a. A right-of-way use permit per 11.1 PANIC; b. A utility locate; C. A review of planting site, plant type, plant quality and planting or pruning techniques proposed. 2. Where new street trees cannot be planted due to portions of rights-of-way having been previously paved or otherwise rendered unsuitable to plant trees, a fee -in -lieu of planting may be required. Such fee shall be calculated in accordance with this Ordinance and be deposited into the Community Forestry Fund. C. Street Tree Maintenance The Community Forester shall have the right to either conduct or authorize any trimming, pruning, maintenance and/or removal activities for all street trees and trees located on City property as may be necessary for public safety or in support of the goals of a "Community Forestry Plan". 2. Street tree maintenance shall be in compliance with standards for tree care as outlined in the Urban Services Standards & Guidelines. 3. Minor tree pruning may be performed by the owner of property adjoining the right-of- way in which a street tree is located with prior approval from the Community Forester. 4. Major pruning or removal of large or significant street trees requires prior approval by the Community Forester. A request to conduct major pruning or tree removal shall first be referred to the Community Forester for a recommendation. Major pruning is defined in the Urban Services and Standards Guidelines. 5. For major pruning or removal of a large or significant street tree, the applicant must demonstrate that major tree pruning or removal is necessary for one or more of the following reasons: a. The tree, or a portion of the tree proposed for removal is deemed a hazard tree by certified arborist or Community Forester; b. The tree, or a portion of the tree proposed for removal, is dead; C. The tree, or a portion of the tree proposed for removal is diseased or infested with an invasive insect pest and no remedial treatment is available; d. That the retention of the tree will have a material, adverse and unavoidable impact on the use of the property. H-15 6. A maintenance responsibility notation indicating that the required street tree maintenance is the responsibility of the adjoining property owners shall be placed on all final plats. D. Removal of stumps. All stumps of street trees shall be removed so that the top of the stump shall not project above the surface of the ground. E. Abuse or mutilation of trees prohibited. It is unlawful for any person to intentionally damage, carve or otherwise injure any street tree and may be considered abuse or mutilation of a tree and may require remedial action under Section 8.30 PAMC. 2. Pruning of street trees that does not meet the best management practice for pruning standards as established in the Urban Services Standards and Guidelines Manual may be considered abuse or mutilation of a tree and may require remedial action under Section 8.30 PAMC. 3. Exemptions. The following conditions are exempt from the requirements of this ordinance. 1 Work required as a result of emergencies involving, but not limited to: windstorms, floods, freezes, or other natural disasters. Other requirements of this chapter may be waived by the Community Forester when deemed appropriate. 2 Work required to maintain and protect public safety, public utilities, and infrastructure when deemed necessary by the Director of Public Works and Utilities (Director) or his/her designee. 3 Other requirements as recommended by the Community Forester: a. Appeals. An applicant may appeal in writing to the Public Works and Utilities Department Director any decision made by Community Forester within 30 days of the decision being rendered. The applicant may appeal the decision in writing to the City Manager within 30 days of the decision being rendered by the Public Works and Utilities Director. 11.13.060 ADMINISTRATION A. This chapter establishes the policy of the City as it relates to the management and preservation of street trees located within its rights-of-way. B. A Community Forester shall be appointed by the City Manager. The Community Forester shall prepare a manual that defines the specific measures as necessary to implement the provision of this chapter. The manual shall include: a. list of approved trees for planting in street rights-of-way. b. Planting, staking and guying guidelines. C. Pruning guidelines. H-16 d. Fertilization, irrigation and pest management guidelines. e. Definitions. f. Standards for planting and maintenance of street trees consistent with this ordinance. All work performed on community street trees pursuant to this chapter shall be done within a sixty day period from issuance of approval, or such other period as may be agreed upon by the applicant and the permitting authority. 2. The Community Forester may add conditions to the authorization for the removal of a community street tree with tree replacement. The full cost of removal and replacement, if so conditioned, shall be borne by the abutting property owner. Such condition will be supported by a written justification. PA -MG-. D. -Community Forestry Account. There is hereby established a special revenue account to act as a Community Forestry account into which shall be deposited all assessments, fines, gifts designated for trees, money generated from compensatory payments, and the sale of forest products and wood, along with other sums appropriated in the budget from the City's general fund, street fund, utility funds, or grants. The account shall support the Community Forest Program for the purposes of planning, planting, maintenance, protection, inspection, public education and removal of community street trees and trees on city -owned properties. E. Assurance of work completion. A property developer or owner shall provide assurance, as warrantee for the success of any street trees required as a condition of subdivision approval planted in the right-of-way for a period of two (2) full growing seasons after the approval and/or acceptance thereof by the City. The assurance will be required for residential developments within one year of the date of recording a final plat or before the final certificate of occupancy is issued for the development or use, whichever case occurs first. 1. The surety shall be in the amount of 150% of the estimated cost of removing, replacing, and establishing any required street trees and shall be coordinated with other related. 2. An itemized estimate shall be provided by the owner and based on a written quotation from a licensed commercial landscape contractor and deemed to be acceptable to the Community Forester. 3. The Community Forester shall make an inspection and notify the owner or developer of any corrections to be made within the period covered by the bond. 4. Non liability of the City of Port Angeles. Nothing in this chapter is intended to or shall be construed to impose any liability upon the City or any of its officers, agents, or employees. 5. Enforcement. It shall be the duty of the Community Forester to further the goals of this Ordinance. The Community Forester shall have the authority to approve alternate methods of compliance with the provisions of this chapter when the overall purpose and H-17 intent of this Ordinance and/or specific guidelines can be met by such alternatives. Section 2 - Corrections. The City Clerk and the codifiers of this ordinance are authorized to make necessary corrections to this ordinance including, but not limited to, the correction of the scrivener's/clerical errors, references, ordinance numbering, section/subsection numbers and any references thereto. Section 3 - Severability. If any provisions of this Ordinance, or its application to any person or circumstances, are held invalid, the remainder of the Ordinance, or application of the provisions of the Ordinance to other persons or circumstances, is not affected. Section 4 - Effective Date. This Ordinance is subject to referendum. Unless a referendum petition is filed, this ordinance shall take effect thirty (30) days after passage and publication of an approved summary thereof consisting of the title. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a regular meeting of said Council held on the day of 2014. H-18 NGELE A S H I N G T O CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: July 15, 2014 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: DAN MCKEEN, CITY MANAGER WILLIAM BLOOR, CITY ATTORNEY SUBJECT: CITY COUNCIL MEMBER TERM LIMITS Summary: Port Angeles currently limits to three the number of terms a City Council member may serve. Recently, a majority of the Council asked for consideration of an ordinance that would limit the number of terms to two. Recommendation: Discuss term limits for Port Angeles City Council members. BACKGROUND/DISCUSSION: In Washington, only charter cities and code cities have the authority to impose terms limits. The great majority do not. Only Port Angeles and three others have term limits. The current Port Angeles code provision is set out below: 2.02.010 Term limits. No person shall be allowed to serve on the City Council for more than three consecutive four-year terms. (Ord. 3060, 9/15/2000; Ord. 2368 1/3/1986) Attached to this memo is a draft ordinance that would reduce to two the number of consecutive terms. It would change the Port Angeles code to read as follows: In addition to all other qualifications for candidacy, no person shall be qualified to be a candidate for City Council for more than two consecutive four-year terms; Provided, however, that the qualification imposed by this section shall not cause to be disqualified to stand for election in 2015 any person who, prior to adoption of this Section, was eligible to stand for election in 2015. H-19 Page 2 Memo to Council Re: Term Limits July 15, 2014 We offer two points of explanation regarding the draft. First, the legal basis that allows a code city to impose term limits is the right of the City to impose additional qualifications for becoming a candidate for election. For example, one qualification to be a candidate is residency within the City. The draft ordinance adds another qualification — not having served two immediately prior consecutive terms. Second, the draft addresses the question of who is affected by the reduced term limit. This question arises because some current City Council members are now serving a second term. Those members currently have the legal right to run for a third term. If the Council decides to reduce the term limit to two, does the Council also intend to extinguish the existing right of the current second -term Council members to run for a third term?' This issue was not discussed by Council, but it should be clarified. The attached draft adopts a conservative approach and preserves the right of the current second -term Council members to run for election in 2015. However, there are other approaches. The Council could adopt ordinance language that limits all current Council members to two terms.2 The Council could delay the application of the new term limits to 2017. The Council could abolish term limits. The decision is for the City Council to make. A related, unresolved, question is whether the City Council has the right to do so. This approach is potentially subject to challenge. H -20 ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington making a change to Chapter 2.02.010 relating to City Council Term Limits. THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF PORT ANGELES DO HEREBY ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: Section 1. Ordinance 2368 as amended and Chapter 2.02 of the Port Angeles Municipal Code relating to City Council term limits is hereby amended by amending Section 2.02.010 to read as follows: 2.02.010 Eligibility for Office - Term limits. in addition to all other qualifications for candidacy, no person shall be qualified to be a candidate for No pet:sen shall ac�be a levP,ed to serve en t4c City Council for more than two consecutive four- year terms; Provided, however, that the qualification imposed by this section shall not cause to be disqualified to stand for election in 2015 any person who, prior to adoption of this Section, was eligible to stand for election in 2015. Section 2- Corrections. The City Clerk and the codifiers of this ordinance are authorized to make necessary corrections to this ordinance including, but not limited to, the correction of the scrivener's/clerical errors, references, ordinance numbering, section/subsection numbers and any references thereto. Section 43 - Severability. If any provisions of this Ordinance, or its application to any person or circumstances, are held invalid, the remainder of the Ordinance, or application of the provisions of the Ordinance to other persons or circumstances, is not affected. Section 4 - Effective Date. A summary of this ordinance consisting of the title shall be published in the City's official newspaper. This ordinance is subject to referendum and shall go 1 H-21 into effect thirty (30) days from the date of final passage unless a referendum petition is filed with the City Clerk as provided by law. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a regular meeting of said Council held on the day of July, 2014. DAN DI GUILO, Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: William E. Bloor, City Attorney ATTEST: Janessa Hurd, City Clerk PUBLISHED: 2014 By Summary H:Aa ORDINANCES&RESOLUTIONS\ORDINANCES.2014\19 -Council Term Limit.docx 2 H -22 GELES DATE: July 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works & Utilities SUBJECT: Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (CSWMP) Update 2014 Summary: The CSWMP addresses solid waste management throughout Clallam County. Since March 2013, a local consultant and the Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAG) have been developing an update to this 5 —Year Plan. The plan update is complete and is awaiting adoption by the various jurisdictions covered by the plan. Recommendation: Join with the Councils of the cities of Sequim and Forks in passing a resolution to adopt the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Update. Background/Analysis: The Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan addresses solid waste management throughout the county. The existing plan was adopted in 2007. The Washington State Department of Ecology (DOE) requires the plan to be reviewed and updated every five years per RCW 70.95.110(2). Meggan Uecker was hired by Clallam County Public Works in March 2013 to prepare the update in coordination with the SWAC. The SWAC membership is comprised of the cities of Forks, Port Angeles, and Sequim, along with Clallam County, a citizen at large, a waste hauler, a local industrial/business representative, and a representative from the tribes. The plan has been updated and was reviewed by DOE and the Washington Utilities Transportation Commission. On June 10, 2014, Meggan gave a presentation to the Utility Advisory Committee. The same presentation has been given to the Clallam County Commissioners, the Sequim and Forks City Councils, and will be presented tonight, along with a resolution for adoption of the plan. Remaining steps to formalize the CSWMP Update are as follows: • Adoption of the Final Draft by the Cities, Tribes, and Clallam County. • Submittal of the Final CSWMP with resolutions of adoption to DOE for final review. • Final Approval by DOE. The Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan was adopted by Forks City Council on June 9d' and Sequim City Council on June 23rd, and was presented to UAC on June 10"'. On June 9d', the County Commissioners took no action on the Plan approval, waiting on the Cities' approval. On a 2-2 vote, the UAC decided not to provide a recommendation to Council on this issue, with a position that the County Commissioners should adopt the plan first, as this is a County Plan. It is recommended that Council join with the Councils of the cities of Sequim and Forks in passing a resolution to adopt the Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Update. Attachments: Executive Summary of Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Update 2014 Draft Resolution M\CCOUNCIL\FINAL\Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (CSWMP) Update 2014.docx I-1 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION Since the first solid waste management plan was prepared for Clallam County in 1972, the County's programs have expanded to meet the needs of its residents, and to comply with the state and federal mandates regarding solid waste. Various changes have included the shift to waste export systems, collection of household hazardous waste, curbside and drop-off collection of recyclables and yard debris, composting of biosolids and yard debris, and many other efforts to improve waste management. This Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan (CSWMP) was prepared in a cooperative effort by consultants and staff from Clallam County, the City of Port Angeles, the City of Sequim, the City of Forks, the Clallam County Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAC), and the Washington State Department of Ecology (Ecology). The SWAC members represent not only the interests of their respective agencies and businesses, but as residents and members of the community they also represent the public's interest. Renewing and continuing the commitments established in the 2006 CSWMP, the objectives of this updated plan are to: • Review the recommendations of the previous plan. • Describe current characteristics of the solid waste system, including the recent transition at the Makah reservation from landfilling to a transfer station and waste export. • Review current solid waste regulations and policies giving particular attention to waste stream reduction, recycling, and future disposal needs. • Extend the planning period to 2034 and develop current waste generation data. • Review existing facilities and solid waste handling practices, and identify additional needs. • Assess alternatives and develop recommendations for future action, incorporating the most recent reviews of studies, statistics, and drivers of solid waste issues in Clallam County. • Give particular consideration to alternatives that involve the expertise of private industry wherever those capabilities are available. • Develop capital cost estimates and implementation schedules for required improvements with emphasis on those improvements required within a six-year period. • Provide guidelines for an equitable balance between convenience, expense, environmental quality, and public health and welfare. • Incorporate flexibility to anticipate future needs. • Encourage cooperative and coordinated efforts among government agencies, private companies and the public, to achieve effective management of solid waste. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY i 1-2 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County BACKGROUND There are a number of conditions which should be considered as a backdrop to solid waste management in Clallam County. These include: (1) the economic conditions in Clallam County, including the impact of the 2008 economic downturn; (2) the Port Angeles Landfill Bluff Stabilization Project, an environmental legacy dilemma demanding urgent response; and (3) the State's continued direction for managing waste as represented in Ecology's 2009 State Solid and Hazardous Waste Beyond Waste Plan. Economic Challenges Consistent with trends observed across the United States, Clallam County has been impacted by the economic downturn of 2008. This slowdown included a significant reduction in waste generation rates, as consumers began buying and building less. Municipal solid waste generation rates dropped 17% in Clallam County between 2005 and 2011, a decrease of thousands of tons. Uncertainty over economic recovery rates continues. Clallam County's solid waste system relies heavily on revenue from tipping fees, the price per ton a customer pays for waste disposal. Therefore, less waste generation has meant a reduction in revenue. Variable costs such as transportation remain or have increased. Critical special operations at the closed Port Angeles Landfill require unexpected funding from the solid waste budget. Other factors could also affect this economic picture. Population growth rates in Clallam County have slowed and are expected to remain as such, with implications for solid waste generation and tipping fee revenue relative to existing populations. The Port Angeles Landfill Bluff Stabilization Project At the closed Port Angeles Landfill, a marine bluff acts as the sole buttress between the Strait of Juan de Fuca and large quantities of garbage between 60 and 80 feet deep. In the summer of 2011 during maintenance inspections, City of Port Angeles staff observed that the bluff face had experienced localized failure at one location along the unprotected eastern half, exposing some refuse at the top of the bluff. Subject to severe wave action, failures of this unstable bluff are expected to be sudden and episodic. The City of Port Angeles Public Works and Utilities Department has developed a number of alternatives to reduce or eliminate the risk of refuse entering the marine environment; in which waste would be removed from the East 304 Cell, in part or completely, and relocated on-site or transferred off-site. Some alternatives also would decrease the rate of bluff erosion. The City has been working with consultants and Ecology to perform initial studies and design and to obtain funding for initial phases of work. Funding will occur by bonds repaid through solid waste tipping fees and other sources. Beyond Waste Objectives Beyond Waste is the Washington state plan for managing hazardous and solid waste. The clear and simple goal of this 30 -year plan is to eliminate wastes and toxics whenever we can and use the remaining wastes as resources. For an effective and cheaper approach to waste management, the Beyond Waste Plan shifts from a reactive approach, focusing on management and clean-up, to a proactive approach, with an emphasis on preventing waste in the first place. The Beyond Waste Plan is aligned with Ecology priorities of mitigating climate change, protecting Washington waters, and reducing toxic threats. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ii 1-3 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County The Beyond Waste Plan focuses on five areas or initiatives: • Significantly reduce most wastes and the use of toxic substances in Washington's industries. • Significantly reduce small -volume hazardous wastes from businesses and households. • Expand the recycling system in Washington for organic wastes such as food wastes, yard waste, and crop residues. • Reduce the negative impacts from the design, construction, and operation of buildings. • Develop a system to measure progress in achieving our goals. Reduce, reuse, recycle is a central tenet of solid waste management systems. Clallam County's solid and hazardous waste reduction goals demonstrate its commitment to the state Beyond Waste Plan. SUMMARY OF CONDITIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS An overview of existing conditions and a narrative summary highlighting some of the recommendations of this CSWMP are provided below. A table follows that identifies lead agencies, implementation schedules, and funding sources for each recommendation. The full text of the recommendations is provided as Appendix A. RCW 70.95.090(3)(c) requires that the plan identify a six-year construction and capital acquisition program for solid waste facilities that may be considered. However, no new public facilities are identified in this CSWMP or expected in the next six years, as documented in the recommendations below. RCW 70.95.090(3)(d) requires that the plan provide information on the financing of both capital costs and operational expenditures of the proposed solid waste management system. As described above, no major capital projects are proposed. Operational expenditures and associated financing are described in Chapter 10 of this CSWMP. Solid Waste Collection, Transfer, and Disposal Collection and Transfer- There are six garbage collection operations in Clallam County. These operations, and residents who opt to self -haul, currently take municipal solid waste (MSW) to (1) the Regional Transfer Station, (2) the Makah Transfer Station, (3) the Blue Mountain Drop Box and Recycling Center or (4) the privately owned West Waste Transfer Station in Forks prior to export out of the County for disposal. Refuse collection is mandatory within the cities of Port Angeles & Sequim and is available curbside in those areas; curbside recycling and yard waste collection is also available. As a low-cost strategy to make recycling easier, and increase participation rates, it is recommended that Clallam County consider a combined service ordinance for curbside recycling pick up where curbside garbage collection occurs throughout the county. Recycling currently may be put in drop boxes at the Regional Transfer Station and Blue Mountain Drop Box and Recycling Center at no charge. Clallam County will consider user fees at the transfer and drop box facilities for recyclable materials if the cost of service determines that collection of recyclables becomes a significant net loss for the transfer stations. Based on population projections, Clallam County has estimated future MSW quantities and infers that the existing collection system, transfer stations and drop box facilities should be May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iii 1-4 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County able to handle the future expected quantities of solid waste. As a contingency, the hours of operation or number of containers at a facility could be increased, or additional drop -box facilities could be considered. A waste characterization study or periodic monitoring of MSW at the Regional Transfer Station is recommended to provide a better picture of the Clallam County waste stream composition in order to apply the best strategies for ongoing management of solid waste. Disposal- Although incineration of municipal solid waste provides an alternative to waste export, the cost could likely not compete with the cost of waste export. There are two biomass burners in Clallam County which utilize hog fuel made from wood waste. Clallam County will continue to evaluate opportunities for the incineration of select waste streams, energy recovery from landfill gas, biomass -to -energy, and biogas-to-energy operations on a case-by-case basis. While Clallam County has entirely changed over to a waste export system, issues remain at two local, closed landfills. The Port Angeles Landfill, as discussed above, requires urgent action to reduce or eliminate the risk of refuse from entering the marine environment, due to erosion of the bluff which stands between exposed cells of garbage and the Strait of Juan de Fuca. The Makah Nation, which closed the Neah Bay Landfill in 2011, is still pursuing funding for post -closure activities. Waste Prevention, Recycling and Composting Waste reduction can be a cost -competitive, pollution -preventing solid waste management strategy. Waste prevention, recycling, and composting, all methods of waste reduction, are employed in a variety of ways in Clallam County to reduce environmental burden, create jobs and save money, and meet waste reduction goals. Waste Prevention - Waste prevention is defined as those methods and activities that avoid the creation of waste. The focus of waste prevention will continue to be public information and education with themes of reducing the weight and volume of waste collected; increasing material and product life through repair and reuse; reducing or eliminating packaging; and decreasing product consumption. Waste prevention activities range from exchanges such as the web -based 2good2toss.com, where participants buy, sell or give away items they can't use anymore, to commercial deconstruction projects, to donations of unsold food from stores to charities. Continued efforts such as these, paired with recognition, promotion and other support from public and private entities, can further realize waste prevention gains. Opportunities for waste prevention at the commercial level can be supported through business waste audits or new prevention programs. This CSWMP encourages the pursuit of funding and opportunities for public/private partnerships and programs that target organic waste reduction in specific. As well, Clallam County and its municipalities can provide an example for businesses by adopting existing or developing their own waste reduction programs. Recycling - Clallam County currently recycles approximately 26 percent of its solid waste. The SWAC recommends a goal of a 30 percent recycling rate within the next 5 years, with an eventual goal of 40 percent recycling for the County in the long term. These goals do not include the numerous categories of waste that are diverted from disposal but don't fall into the traditional definition of municipal recycling such as asphalt, even though diversion is also a significant method of waste reduction. Recycling options include drop-off sites, household (curbside) collections, commercial collections, and various collection or buy-back centers. As with waste prevention, existing recycling efforts will continue. Ensuring the public knows what and where materials are accepted is a key to increasing the recycling rate. Expanding May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY iv 1-5 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County the types of materials collected or adding additional recycling drop boxes will be considered on a case by case basis. Outreach, education, and technical support for recycling will be especially focused on specific groups such as residents of multi -family properties, businesses, schools, and areas where residents currently do not receive curbside recycling services. Another service that will be considered is providing recycling in public places. This is a highly visible way to promote and educate about recycling, impress visitors and attract business. This often complements new infrastructure and development and demonstrates values around waste reduction, resource conservation, and state and local mandates. In 2007, a law was passed in Washington requiring that vendors provide recycling at all events held within ajurisdiction where curbside recycling programs exists. Efforts to educate and help event vendors abide by this law will occur where applicable in Clallam County. Clallam County and cities will consider revising their purchasing policies to encourage or require the use of recycled materials. In so doing, the County and cities would help to build the local market for recycled materials and promote the idea of purchasing recycled products. Composting - Composting can be defined as the controlled biological decomposition of yard debris, food, sewage, or other organic waste to produce a beneficial product. Current practices in Clallam County include: composting of yard debris from self -haul and curbside collections (in the cities of Sequim and Port Angeles) at the Port Angeles Composting Facility, yard debris composting at private facilities from self -haulers, composting of food and yard waste by commercial generators for on-site use, and home composting supported through education and outreach. The amount of yard debris and biosolids processed at the Port Angeles Composting Facility has been generally increasing since its inception. The Composting Facility is operating at 74% capacity, although some yard waste is imported to maintain material levels needed for composting of biosolids suggesting adequate processing capacity at the Composting Facility for the five year planning window addressed in this plan. In 2007, the City of Port Angeles began marketing the product from the Composting Facility as "Garden Glory", a Class A compost. State and County waste reduction goals mandate a significant focus on removing organic material from the waste stream. To that extent, the County and its cities will continue to develop end-use markets for compost, hog fuel, and mulch, and lead by example by maximizing its own use of these products. Other strategies for reducing organics in the waste stream include investigating options for handling food waste in a rural area, encouraging home composting through education and outreach, and considering expansion of curbside or drop box services for yard waste in areas that currently don't have these services. SPECIAL WASTES Special wastes generally require special handling and disposal for one or more reasons, such as potential toxicity, large quantities, or size and weight problems. Most of these wastes are best disposed of somewhere other than in a municipal solid waste disposal system. Eighteen special wastes and waste problems are identified in the CSWMP, and specific recommendations are developed for eleven special wastes (agricultural wastes, animal carcasses, ash, auto hulks, construction and demolition wastes, contaminated soils, electronic wastes, marine debris, pharmaceutical wastes, and wood wastes). Conditions and recommendations for four of the special wastes are summarized below. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY v 1-6 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County Construction, Demolition, and Land -Clearing (CDL) Wastes Construction, demolition and land -clearing (CDL) wastes are defined simply as the wastes that are generated from construction and demolition activities and include new and used building materials, concrete, asphalt, soil, stumps, and brush that is generated at construction or demolition sites. These wastes are usually generated at a rate proportional to construction activity, which dropped significantly beginning with the 2008 economic downturn. Yet CDL waste remains a large component of the waste stream in Clallam County and presents an opportunity for environmentally preferable recycling and reuse, including cost benefit. Private and public entities promote, provide and utilize options for recycling and reusing CDL waste in Clallam County. These range from the retailing of used building materials to crushing asphalt for road aggregate. Clallam County will continue to promote existing opportunities for the reduction, reuse, and recycling of CDL wastes; enhance the recycling of CDL wastes by establishing expanded markets for the materials; and only consider the development of a limited purpose disposal site for non -recyclable CDL wastes if existing methods for disposing or diverting the waste are inadequate, especially for big demolition projects. Electronic Wastes In 2006, the State of Washington passed a law which required companies that make and sell certain electronic products to take back and recycle their products. This law created a program, E -Cycle Washington, which designates locations in every county to accept used electronics from households, small businesses, schools & school districts, small governments, special purpose districts, and charities- free of charge. There are three current E -Cycle locations in Clallam County accepting TVs, computers, monitors, tablet computers and e - readers. Recycling of electronic wastes has increased over the years per capita, but the amount of electronic waste generated per capita in Washington State has increased even faster. This is likely due to the increasing ubiquity of electronic wastes as such products increase in popularity and affordability. These wastes contain components of value such as rare earth metals, as well as toxic materials, therefore it is imperative that they are recycled. Clallam County will continue to work with and educate the public on how to handle electronic waste. As well, it will consider additional E -Cycle locations, especially on the west end. Marine Debris With 250 miles of shoreline, Clallam County has been tackling the issue of washed up marine debris such as styrofoam, plastic, treated wood, nylon rope, glass, and metal for decades. The 2011 Japanese earthquake and tsunami brought this issue to international attention, sweeping an estimated 5 million tons of debris into the Pacific Ocean. Marine debris from this event began appearing on Clallam County beaches in 2012 and is predicted to continue for some years. National, state and local organizations operate a variety of marine debris management efforts; including drafting the 2012 Washington State Marine Debris Response Plan which identifies key tasks and cooperative stakeholder response. This CSWMP recognizes the unique issues regarding marine debris. Clallam County will provide outreach and education to the public on proper response and prevention of marine debris and coordinate communication and outreach efforts with state and federal partners for consistent messaging. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vi 1-7 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County Wood Waste The forest products industry in Clallam County generates wood shavings, chips, sawdust, log ends, bark, hog fuel, sorting yard wastes, pulp and paper mill sludges, and boiler ash. Wood waste is also accumulated through the operation of marine terminals and adjacent log yards. Many of the major producers of wood waste already recycle it through private companies for use as a soil amendment, hog fuel, and paper making. Clallam County will explore the possibility of recovering additional amounts of wood waste through uses like compost feedstock or hog fuel. If necessary, Clallam County and its municipalities will increase the market for landscaping mulch produced from log yard waste through public procurement programs. Clallam County will also consider proposals for alternative methods for managing wood waste. REGULATION AND ADMINISTRATION Oversight of the solid waste system in Clallam County ranges from federal and state rules and regulations to local management and enforcement activities. The Clallam County Road Department manages activities such as litter clean up while the Environmental Health Department issues permits and inspects facilities. Other authorities include the County and Cities' Public Works Departments, including Tribal Councils and Tribal Public Works Departments. Local codes contain solid waste rules. The Clallam County Solid Waste Advisory Committee, (SWAG) assists in the implementation of programs and policies concerning solid waste handling and disposal, and reviews and comments on proposed changes to the CSWMP. Its membership is comprised of nine representatives; one from each of the incorporated cities, the waste industry, tribal councils, Clallam County, state and federal agencies, private industry, and one at -large. A 2007 Interlocal (ILA) agreement between Clallam County and the cities of Port Angeles and Sequim established roles and responsibilities of the signatories to provide for competitively -priced Regional Solid Waste Export and Transfer System facilities and services. It also centralized responsibility for operating and administering this System with the City of Port Angeles, established an enterprise fund for deposit of revenues from operation and management, and established the Joint Solid Waste Advisory Board, which reviews policies, procedures, costs, rates and operates as an advisory group to the Port Angeles City Council and SWAC. Alternatives for solid waste administration include establishing a solid waste district, or establishing a special district based on Home Rule Charter. Further investigation of the benefits and drawbacks of the former alternative is recommended. It is recommended that Clallam County and the Cities of Port Angeles and Sequim continue to meet their respective commitments as specified in the ILA for the Regional Solid Waste Export and Transfer System. Also, to provide stronger coordination of county -wide solid waste management activities in Clallam County, it is recommended that an annual, comprehensive analysis assessing the solid waste system be completed; and the formation of a Solid Waste Planning Lead position at the County level be considered. It is also recommended that Clallam County consider a flow control ordinance. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY vii 1-8 Final Draft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County THE CLALLAM COUNTY HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN The first hazardous waste plan for Clallam County was developed in 1991 to comply with The Hazardous Waste Management Act Chapter 70.105 of the Revised Code of Washington (RCW). A 2012 update is included as part of this CSWMP as Appendix D. In this revision, there is new emphasis on waste reduction, product stewardship, and other strategies outlined in Ecology's Beyond Waste Plan. The Hazardous Waste Management Plan develops a plan for managing small quantities of hazardous waste in Clallam County. The goal of the Hazardous Waste Management Plan is to provide safe disposal options for hazardous waste to protect the stormwater, ground water, environment and human health in Clallam County. These materials should not be poured down a household or storm drain or transported in the garbage to a landfill. Clallam County Environmental Health and the City of Port Angeles, together with other private and public entities addressing hazardous waste, provide program elements such as the collection of household hazardous waste at the Moderate Risk Waste Facility (MRWF), household hazardous waste education and outreach, small business technical and collection assistance, enforcement, and used oil collection. Strategic goals of the plan for the next five years include further integration of product stewardship programs such as mercury -containing lights and e -waste recycling; considering the acceptance of small business hazardous waste at the MRWF, and development of an online clearinghouse for businesses to work together on their hazardous waste disposal. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY viii 1-9 Table ES -1. Summary of Recommendations Activity Lead, Agency Schedule fundi Source* Solid Waste Collections: C01) Consider a combined service ordinance for Clallam County for Clallam County, Cities, As needed Collection Fees curbside recycling pick up where curbside garbage collection occurs. JSWAB, collection companies CO2) Clallam County should further investigate the impacts of instituting Clallam County, SWAC As needed Collection Fees universal collection service across the county. In -County Transfer and Drop Box: T1) The Clallam County SWAC, JSWAB, and other governmental agencies Clallam County, others Ongoing Tipping fees should continue to work together to develop plans and programs, while also continuing to explore viable alternatives, for waste export and transfer and related options, such as extended hours of operation, additional drop boxes, and additional facilities. T2) Study the possibility of placing additional containers at all transfer and drop Clallam County, others Ongoing Tipping fees box sites to collect source -separated yard wastes and to collect additional recyclable materials. T3) Obtain funding for a waste characterization study at the Regional Transfer Clallam County, City of Every 2 years Tipping fees, grants Station. Alternately, develop a plan for periodically monitoring municipal solid Port Angeles, waste received at transfer and drop box facilities, with an emphasis on noting collection companies significant quantities of potentially -recyclable materials (yard waste, scrap metals, textiles, etc.). T4) Consider user fees at the transfer and drop box facilities for recyclable JSWAB & As needed Tipping fees materials if the cost of service determines that collection of recyclables collection companies becomes a significant net loss for the transfer stations. Incineration & Energy Recovery: 11) Evaluate new proposed incineration projects for select waste streams Clallam County, SWAC As needed Tipping fees and/or locations based on an objective review of the potential impacts to and JSWAB human health and environmental quality, as well as a comparison to alternative disposal methods. ER1) Investigate and develop proposals for energy recovery methods, on a City of Port Angeles As needed Grants/tipping fees case by case basis ER2) Work with City of Port Angeles staff to continue to evaluate a range of City of Port Angeles As needed Permit fees and private opportunities to use the LFG produced at the City -owned landfill. funds 1-10 FinalZA ft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County :Activity Lead, Agenry Schedule fundi Source* In -County Landfilling: LF1) Consider the range of alternatives necessary to reduce or eliminate the City of Port Angeles, 2014-15 Bonds, other risk of refuse from entering the marine environment and to slow down the rate JSWAB of bluff erosion at the Port Angeles Landfill. LF2) Maximize the development of appropriate state and federal grant funding City of Port Angeles, 2014-15 Other to reduce impacts to utility ratepayers when implementing corrective actions at JSWAB the Port Angeles Landfill. LF3) Consider reopening the existing WAC 351 -compliant MSW disposal cell at City of Port Angeles, 2014-15 Bonds, other the Port Angeles Landfill necessary to accommodate partial or complete JSWAB removal of waste from the 304 -compliant cell to reduce or eliminate the risk of refuse from entering the marine environment. LF4) Support post -closure activities at the Neah Bay Landfill. Makah Nation, Clallam Ongoing Grants Count LF5) Consider proposals and options to develop special-purpose landfills, such CCEH and JSWAB Ongoing Permit fees as wood waste or construction and demolition waste landfills, as they are proposed. Waste Export/Import WE1) Continue to export solid and other permitted waste from the Regional City of Port Angeles Ongoing Tipping fees Transfer Station to an out of county regional landfill. WE2) Encourage West Waste to continue their waste export activities and to Clallam County, SWAC Ongoing Collection fees possibly expand these activities as needed to serve additional west end customers. WE3) In preparation for natural disaster, require any contracts with private Cities, SWAC, CCEH As needed Tipping and/or permit businesses for waste export services to identify alternative disposal plans, fees including alternative routes and modes of transportation. Waste Prevention: WP1) Continue public information and education with themes of reducing the City of Port Angeles, and Ongoing Tipping fees and grants weight and volume of waste collected; increasing material and product life CCEH through repair and reuse; reducing or eliminating packaging; and decreasing product consumption. WP2) Encourage the formation of citizen advisory/action groups to help with SWAC Ongoing Tipping fees for staff public education efforts. time May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY s I-11 FinalZA ft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County Activity LeadAgency Schedule fundin Source* Waste Prevention (contd) WP3) Use existing county and city websites to promote waste prevention. Clallam County & Cities Ongoing Tipping fees WP4) Conduct waste audits, targeting small to medium-sized businesses first, on the assumption that the larger businesses have the staff and other City of Port Angeles and Ongoing Grants resources to best meet their needs. Consider the idea of waste exchanges and citizen committees similar activities directed specifically at businesses for future implementation. WP5) Provide an example for the above businesses by adopting WasteWi$e or City of Port Angeles & 2016 Grants developing waste reduction programs within the county and its municipalities Clallam County WP6) Recognize businesses that do a good job of implementing waste SWAC Ongoing Grants reduction programs and practices. WP7) Pursue funding and opportunities for public/private partnerships and Clallam County, Cities, Ongoing Grants, private funds programs that target organic waste reduction. others WP8) Support reuse events organized and implemented by others. Clallam County, Cities, Ongoing Grants and tipping fees others Recycling: R1) 30% near-term and 40% long-term waste recycling goal. Clallam County, cities, Annually Utility rates and tipping others fees R2) Continue to collect designated recyclables. Review the list of recyclables Clallam County, SWAC, Utility rates and tipping annually to ensure the proper materials are being targeted by recycling JSWAB Annually fees revenue programs and expand amounts and grades of materials as markets allow. R3) Promote recycling at multi -family properties and consider restructuring City of Port Angeles Utility rates and tipping commercial rates to make recycling an economical alternative for these Ongoing fees revenue properties as well as commercial businesses. R4) Continue public education, modeling new programs after existing efforts. City of Port Angeles Ongoing Tipping fees and grants R5) Consider additional curbside collections where they don't exist, and Clallam County, Cities, Ongoing Collection rates opportunities to establish drop-off or curbside collections in Tribal Reservations Tribes should be supported. R6) Maintain existing drop-off sites and consider additional sites in the county. Clallam County, Cities, Tipping fees and Tribes Ongoing revenues from commodities R7) Continue and improve school recycling collection and education programs. Public and Private School funds and Schools and City of Port Ongoing avoided disposal costs; Angeles; citizen grants committees May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY si 1-12 FinalZA ft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County :Activity Lead, Agtory ScWdile fundi Source* Recycling (contd.) R8) Continue to educate about the requirement for recycling at special events Tipping fees, permit such as sport activities and public festivals. Cooperate with private haulers, Clallam County, cities Ongoing fees, revenue festival organizers, and volunteers to provide recycling bins and collection. R9) Monitor and consider any proposals for the processing of recyclables within the county that may reduce the cost of exporting materials while creating SWAC Ongoing Tipping fees and grants jobs within the county. R10) Lead by example. Consider expanded recycling programs and adopting policies such as environmentally preferred purchasing of recycled materials Clallam County, cities Ongoing Collection fees and within county and city departments. grants R11) Encourage all companies and agencies collecting recyclables and other Clallam County, cities and Annually Public and private funds diverted materials in Clallam County to report their data to Ecology. collectors for staff R12) Establish outdoor public space recycling as a pilot program at select city Clallam County, cities Ongoing Collection fees, grants and county parks, downtowns, and at public transit bus stops as a cooperative venture between government, hauling companies, and business owners. Composting: Cl) Continue curbside collection, processing, and composting yard waste at the City of Port Angeles Ongoing Tipping fees Port Angeles Composting Facility. Increase the amount of materials processed to the extent of the facility's capacity. C2) Work to eliminate illegal dumping and burning of yard waste, therefore Clallam County Code Ongoing Grants, public funding increasing diversion to compost facilities. Enforcement, ORCAA C3) Continue to develop end uses such as mulch, hog fuel, and compost, and other uses that may also be identified. Lead by example. The county and cities Clallam County, cities Ongoing Tipping fees should maximize use of these products in their own projects. C4) Consider separate collection of yard debris by Murrey's Olympic Disposal Clallam County and and West Waste in their respective solid waste collection service areas collection companies Ongoing Collection fees customers demand it and yard waste is found in the garbage. C5) Encourage neighborhood chipping services. Clallam County, City of Ongoing Grants and user fees Port Angeles C6) Investigate economical and efficient options for handling food waste. Clallam County, cities, Ongoing Grants, private funds others C7) Continue public education to encourage residents to handle yard debris and food waste separately through home composting and mulching. Continue Clallam County, cities Ongoing Tipping and collection to offer the Master Composter and other outreach programs. fees, grants May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1-13 FinalZA ft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County Activity, head Agency! Srhedule Fundi g Source* Special Wastes: AG1) The Clallam Conservation District and National Resource Conservation Clallam Conservation Ongoing Conservation Service should continue to work with producers around the County to District and National Commission implement Best Management Practices to minimize the potential contamination Resource Conservation of surface waters with agricultural waste. Service AG2) Monitor and consider any proposals for processing of agricultural wastes CCEH, Clallam County, Ongoing Grants within the County that may increase the ability to process additional amounts of cities organic wastes while reducing greenhouse gas output. AN1) Monitor aquaculture industries for waste management issues. CCEH and SWAC Ongoing Grants ASH1) Continue to encourage the ash -producing companies to explore SWAC, ash producers, Ongoing Grants and private recycling or other disposal alternatives first. For example, encourage them to and regulatory agencies funding investigate land application and industrial applications such as cement. AUTO1) Continue to identify ideas and alternatives for managing the disposal SWAC, Clallam County, Ongoing Grants and private or accumulation of auto hulks. One option may be to support stronger and cities sources enforcement of the County ordinance regarding auto hulks. BW1) Monitor disposal of biomedical wastes by small biomedical waste CCEH Ongoing Grants generators for potential problems or risks. Provide increased education or other services as necessary CDL1) Promote existing opportunities for recycling of CDL wastes as part of the Clallam County , cities, public education efforts conducted for waste reduction and recycling. In citizen committees, North Ongoing Grants particular, the County and its municipalities should help promote the Built Green Peninsula Builders concept. Association CDL2) Enhance the recycling of CDL wastes by establishing expanded markets for the materials. These markets include using processed concrete and asphalt Clallam County, CCEH, Ongoing Private sources concrete for county and municipal public works projects, especially roads and SWAC and JSWAB utilities, and processing clean wood material as hog fuel for area boilers. CDL3) Consider the development of a limited purpose disposal site for non - recyclable CDL wastes if existing methods for disposing or diverting the waste Clallam County, CCEH, As needed Permitting fees and are inadequate. If a separate site is developed and if sufficient quantities of SWAC and JSWAB private funding recoverable materials are observed being disposed at this site, additional recycling operations should be considered for those materials. CS1 Explore new technologies for managing contaminated soil. Clallam County Ongoing Private sources EW1) Continue to work with and educate the public on how to handle electronic CCEH, Cities Ongoing Grants and tipping fees waste through the state E -Cycle collection program. EW2) Clallam County should consider additional E -Cycle locations, especially CCEH, Ecology, City of Ongoing Grants on the west end. Forks May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1-14 Foal ZA ft -Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Clallam County :Activity Lead, Agenry Schedule fundi Source* Special Wastes contd MD1) Continue to provide outreach and education to the public on proper CCEH, cities, NOAA Ongoing Grants response and prevention of marine debris. Coordinate communication and & partners outreach efforts with state and federal partners for consistent messaging. PW1) CCEH should continue to work with the two hospital districts, law CCEH, community Ongoing Tipping fees and enforcement, retail suppliers, and other healthcare providers to maintain public partners grants education programs on how to properly dispose of pharmaceutical waste. PW2) Clallam County and the City of Forks should consider establishing a CCEH, City of Forks 2015 Tipping fees and pharmaceutical take back program for west end residents. grants WD1) Explore the possibility of recovering additional amounts of wood waste Public sector Ongoing Private sources through composting, hog fuel, and biomass -to -energy. WD2) Consider proposals for alternative methods for managing wood waste, Clallam County, Ongoing Grants, private such as biogas to energy, on a case by case basis. CCEH, SWAC and sources. JSWAB WD3) Should the amount of wood waste managed in the solid waste stream Tipping fees and increase substantially due to markets, regulations, or other outside influences, Clallam County, SWAC, TBD grants collaborate with private companies to develop new ideas for managing this private companies waste stream. Regulation & Administration RA1) Clallam County and the Cities of Port Angeles and Sequim should JSWAB, Clallam County, continue to meet their respective commitments, as specified in the ILA for the cities Ongoing Tipping fees Regional Solid Waste Export and Transfer System. RA2) Develop a consistent methodology for assessing effectiveness and needs of solid waste program, including such measurements as greenhouse Clallam County, Annually Tipping fees gas emissions of the solid waste system and cost analyses. Provide a JSWAB, SWAC comprehensive analysis of solid waste activities in an annual summary of the Regional Solid Waste Export & Transfer System. RA3) Clallam County should consider adopting a flow control ordinance. Clallam County, Board of 2014 N/A Count Commissioners RA4) Clallam County should consider establishing a position of Solid Waste Clallam County 2014 Tipping fees Planning Lead to coordinate county -wide solid waste activities.. RA5) Investigation into the benefits and drawbacks of creating a solid waste Clallam County, JSWAB, Ongoing Tipping fees disposal district in Clallam County SWAC Tipping fees will be supplemented when necessary and appropriate with financial or in-kind contributions from jurisdictions not using the regional facilities. May 2014 I EXECUTIVE SUMMARY siv 1-15 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, adopting the Clallam County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan update. WHEREAS, the Clallam County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan update, which was presented to the City Council on July 15, 2014, contains elements that are important to the City's solid waste management programs and updates the 2006 Solid Waste Management Plan; and WHEREAS, the Clallam County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan was prepared in accordance with Chapter 70.95 RCW, which requires that the City either adopt the county -wide plan or develop its own plan that must be approved by the Department of Ecology; and WHEREAS, throughout the process of developing this update, public input was sought in numerous ways, and the involvement of the Clallam County Solid Waste Advisory Committee (SWAC) was an important part of the plan development; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles as follows: -1- 1-16 The City Council hereby adopts the 2014 Clallam County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Update, which is attached hereto as Exhibit A. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a regular meeting of said Council held on the 15t1 day of July, 2014 ATTEST: Janessa Hurd, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: William E. Bloor, City Attorney -2- Dan Di Guilio, Mayor 1-17 PORTANGELES WASH I N G T O N, U.S.A. CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: July 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: BYRON W. OLSON, CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER CRAIG FULTON, P. E, DIRECTOR OF PUBLIC WORKS & UTILITIES SUBJECT: A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, Amending the Transportation Improvement Program for 2015 - 2020 Summary: The transportation Improvement Program (TIP) is a required component of our Capital Facilities Plan (CFP) as well as our Comprehensive Plan. In addition, to qualify for state and federal funding assistance, the City is required to file its TIP with the State Department of Transportation (WSDOT) to be eligible for future grants and financial assistance. Project TR0414 (formerly DR1499) Peabody Creek/Lincoln Street Culvert Rehabilitation should be added to the WSDOT TIP in order to enable it to be financially supported by the State for the portion of the culvert under Highway 101. Recommendation: Approve a resolution amending the Transportation Improvement Program for 2015 — 2020, adding project TR0414, Peabody Creek/Lincoln Street Culvert Rehabilitation. Background/Analysis: On June 2, 2014, Brown and Caldwell completed a condition assessment of the Peabody Creek culvert, a 1,070 foot section that underlies Lincoln Street originally constructed in phases between 1914 and the 1920s. The assessment indicates that significant deterioration of the floor (invert) of the culvert has occurred which requires near-term rehabilitation. In addition, voids and other damage has occurred which will also need to be repaired. The total cost of this project is currently estimated to be $2,851,000 which will be carried out in two phases between 2016 and 2021. Approximately one third of the culvert is under Highway 101 which falls within the State of Washington's responsibility. Adding this project to the TIP could make it eligible for State support. It is recommended that City Council approve a resolution amending the Transportation Improvement Program for 2015 — 2020, adding project TR0414, Peabody Creek/Lincoln Street Culvert Rehabilitation. 1-18 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, adopting the Transportation Improvement Program for 2015-2020. WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, being the legislative body of said City, on the 15 t1 of June 2014 did adopt an update of its Transportation Improvement Program for 2015 - 2020; and WHEREAS, the City Council has determined it to be in the best interests of the City to add a project to the Transportation Improvement Program for 2015-2020; and WHEREAS, the additional project is consistent with the City's Comprehensive Plan; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, that the amended Transportation Improvement Program for 2015 - 2020, attached hereto as Attachment A, for the City of Port Angeles, Washington, be and the same is hereby adopted; and BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the 2015-2020 Transportation Improvement Program, as amended, together with this Resolution, shall be filed with the Secretary of Transportation of the State of Washington. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a regular meeting of said Council held on the 15th day of July 2014. ATTEST: Janessa Hurd, City Clerk Dan Di Guilio, Mayor APPROVED AS TO FORM: William E. Bloor, City Attorney H:Aa ORDINANCES&RESOLUTIONS\RESOLUTIONS. 2014\15 - TIP -Adopt - 05.28.14.wpd (July 8, 2014) 1-19 EXHIBIT A TO THE RESOLUTION ADOPTING THE 2015-2020 TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM (TIP) TRANSPORTATION 0 TR0103 Overlay Program TR0203 Waterfront Development PHASE 1 & 2 9,176,326 6,049,774 3,126,552 TR4299Lauridsen Blvd Bridge Replacement 5,460,300 2,395,750 3,064,550 TR0609 Edi, Hook Harbor Erosion Riprap Repair -FEMA 271,410 53,860 217,550 TR 609 Tumwater Street Retaining Wali Repair -FEMA 243,700 46,635 197,065 TR1699 18th Street Reconstruction 1,555,000 0 1,555,000 GG0110 City Hall Parking Lot Repair 100,000 0 100,000 DR0113 Green LID Alley Project 592,000 0 92,000 TR0214 Chip Seal Program 3,000,000 0 0 TR0405 Alley Povi ng 750,000 0 0 TR0101 Laurel St Stairs Replacement 302,500 0 0 PK0409 Ediz Hook West Boat Dock Repair-Fo- 225,000 0 0 TR0113Waterfront Development PHASE 8,100,000 0 0 TR0506 Valley Creek Loop Trail 100,000 0 0 TR0306 Oak Street Stairs Replacement 550,000 0 0 ' ...., LL L"66,48 .. .. TR 1109 M ne Or ve Bulkhead Repairs 4,530,000 0 0 TR0314 Ennis Creek Culvert Replacement 285,000 0 0 TR0111 Marine Drive Channel Bridge Repair/Replacement 510,000 0 0 PARKING LOT ITEMS 0 TR0103 Overlay Program 2,975,000 0 TR0909 Way-Flnding SlDnage 482,500 0 TR1009 First/Front Rare Street Nodes 423,000 0 TR0114 Hill Street ODT Development 550,000 0 TR0201Ennis St Slide Repair 500,000 0 TR0208 Alternative Cross -Town Route Study 2,200,000 0 TR0212 Caroline Street Slide Repair 375,000 0 TRO799 'All Waukee Drive Phase l 2,905,000 0 TRW99Lauridsen Blvd/Washington Street Reconstruct 480,000 0 TR 0209 Race Street Complete Street Development 2,413,000 0 TR0104 2nd& Valley Pavement Restoration 550,000 0 TR0207 Laurel St Sidewalk Phase II 325,000 0 TRO 07 Laurel Street Sidewalk Phase l 260,0000 TR0308 "O" Street Improvements (14th to 16th Streets) 1,000,000 0 TR0499 Lau rel Street/Ahlvers Road Reconstruction 1,745,000 0 TROS99 Hill Street Intersection Reconstruction 512,000 0 TR 1099 10th Street Reconstruction 1,000,000 0 TR1100 10th Street S/W ['N' Street to 'M' Streetj 660,000 0 TR1200 10th Street ['M' Street to'I' Streetj 735,000 0 TR1299 Park Avenue Reconstruction[Peabodyto Race] 1,455,000 0 TR 30B 'N' Street Sidewalk [14th St. to 18th Stj 355,000 0 TR 1399 City- Wide Trafflc Si Dual l nterconnect/Pre-emption 725,000 0 TR1499 White's Creek Crossing 9,690,000 0 TR1799 Truck Route at US1011 utersectiou 6,000,000 0 TRI999 Lincoln/Laurel Rechanneli,ation/Signal/Roundabout 1,750,000 0 TR6999 Rhoads Road Area Street Improvements 1,355,000 0 TR7099Mt Angeles Road/Porter Street improvements 3,030,000 0 TR7199 10th/13th and TV"M" Street Improvements 3.330.000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,150,000 0 0 1,250,000 600,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 125,000 0 27,500 275,000 0 0 0 0 0 225,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 900,000 0 0 0 0 0 7,200,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 25,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 55,000 495,000 0 0 330,000 0 0 0 0 0 4,200,000 0 285,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 75,000 435,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,975,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 482,500 0 0 0 0 0 0 423,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 550,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 500,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,200,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 375,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,905,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 480,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,413,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 550,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 325,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 260,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,745,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 512,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 660,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 735,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,455,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 355,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 725,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 9,690,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 6,000,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,750,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,355,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 3,030,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 31330,000 1-20 IN Edst Railroad five. Port fingeles, Wdshin8ton 98362 360-452-2363 The packet of material attached is in response to a letter from the Port Angeles City Manager dated July 2, 2014. The sections one -ten along with some addendum pages, cover additional information stemming from a presentation to the City of Port Angeles Lodging Tax Committee which was held June 5 2014. The sections 11-15 along with addendum pages answer questions from the City Manager requesting additional information pertaining to the contract the Port Angeles Chamber of Commerce has with the City of Port Angeles to help market the community. The letter from the City Manager immediately follows this cover page. Should there be ational information required or questions unanswered please contact me. Sincerely Russ Veei 1'xecutive Packet Section 1) Visitor Center Statistics Section 2) Chamber of Commerce www.portangeles.org on line statistics Section 3) Occupancy percentages for local properties Section 4) Oly. Peninsula Tourism Commission web statistics vmprcocl);risul'i oes Section 5) Zip code information provided by local properties (pending completion) Section 6) Social Media information from Chamber and OPTC Section 7) Monthly room tax collections Section 8) NorthStar Tourism study Section 9) Room tax history and Olympic Peninsula cities and county room tax history Section 10) Visitor Center Survey information Section 11) Grant finding information as per contract letter request Section 12) Visitor Center Hours as per contract letter request Section 13) Lodging Tax Expenditure Report Form and salaries as per contract letter request Section 14) Marketing plan expenditures detail Section 15) Clallam County Travel Impacts and Visitor Volume from Dean Runyon Study Section 16) Examples of ads that have been used in 2014 City Manager's Office July 2, 2014 Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce Mr. Russ Veenema, Executive Director 121 East Railroad Avenue Port Angeles, WA 98362 Re: 2014 First Quarter Report Dear Mr. Veenema, This letter is intended to provide you with an overview relative to the Chamber of Commerce first quarter 2014 performance including Lodging Tax Committee comments, contract review, and review in accordance with State statute. On June 5th, the City received the Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Comrnerce's (PARCC) first quarter report. Review of the draft report indicates that additional work is necessary. In February, 2014, the City Council agreed to performance measures recommended by the Lodging Tax Advisory Committee (LTAC) to be applied to quarterly reports required by the PARCC's Agreement with the City. Those performance measures are listed below. I. Visitor Center statistics 2. Chamber of Commerce online statistics on website visits - 3. Occupancy rates from local hotels 4. Regional website analysis 5. Regional area percentage 6. Online data analytics and social media analytics 7. Monthly room tax collected 8. integrated Tourism Commission data 9. Monthly comparisons to prior year 10. Summer visitor center surveys Phone: 360-417-4000 / Fax: 360-417-4509 Website: ,rA/�� t� /.cityotpa.i!s / Email: citymanager@cityofpa.us 32 as. F ft1, `3. ee P.O. Box 1150 i Port angel -es, WA 9836.2-0317 Chamber of Commerce letter July 2, 2014 Page 2 Most of the items have been satisfactorily addressed in the draft quarterly report submitted by PARCC, but some additional information is required as set out below. Changes to Item 4 Reporting: • Revise to document where website visitors are coming from. • Correlate visitor center statistics to demonstrate that the marketing campaign is in fact getting results. • Incorporate information from the Olympic Tourism Commission website Changes to Item 5 Reporting: Revise to provide zip code information. Committee Member Mollerus has offered to assist you in obtaining this information Chrin�e. to Item 6 Rebortin : • Provide documentation where people are coming from by country and region, • Include statistics on Facebook advertising. Changes to Item 7 Reporting: • Verify monthly room tax numbers with the City's Finance Department to ensure submitted numbers are consistent. Show occupancy with monthly room tax collected Changes to Item 8 Rebortina: • Add Tourism Commission date from the June 5'h meeting (North Star data) • Include details on why visitors chose the Olympic Peninsula • Include details on what visitors liked and disliked. Changes to Item 10 Reporting: • Visitor center surveys should not be limited to summer. They should be year round. Visitor center log details should be updated accordingly. While the draft report identifies future goals and actions that will result in visitor 'f _ 7?atir� �a4i�Prinnrnr f.Ntiirp r`+y�� rte 41�n rr"r* rAr�n.s mills} S. ealk to Xfl vF `j above. In addition to the performance measures above, staff has reviewed details submitted to date relative to the "Agreement for Tourist Information and Tourist Promotion Services within the City of Port Angeles" between the Chamber and the City. We appreciate your diligence in documenting expenditures along with invoices submitted to the City. It is also appreciated that you have already scheduled your semi- annual report to City Council for July 15, 2014. Chamber of Commerce letter July 2. 2014 Page 3 • The City would greatly appreciate you providing the following details relative to the contract. Item 1(A)(3) requires that information for approved grant activities should be provided regarding funded events/activities describing the City's proportionate share of the event in relation to the regional benefit. A follow up to the grant activity is helpful. This may require an outreach to proponents and/or local hospitality providers when an event is planned such that they are able to report where visitors ultimately came from for the event and their tourism related plans while in the area. • Regarding Section 1.B.(1) The City notes that Visitor Center hours coincide with only five (5) out of (12) scheduled ferry arrivals and departments. Please describe the merit of the current Visitor Center schedule. • Regarding Section 1. C.(3) the City has not received a completed Lodging Tax Expenditure Report Form. • Regarding Section 1.C.(7) the Chamber should indicate whether there have been ai2j' in in salaries or benefits fro.Y: the pr;'violas year - There are a number of elements related to State statute (RCW 67.28.1817) that also need to be provided to the City: • The City must receive estimates of how any moneys received will result in increases in the number of people traveling to Port Angeles for business or pleasure on a trip: (i) Away from their place of residence or business and staying overnight in paid accommodations; (ii) To a place fifty miles or more one way from their place of residence or business for the day or staying overnight; or (iii) From another country or state outside of their place of residence or their business. • The City must receive estimates from all event grant recipients receiving funds from the chamber of commerce documenting increases in the number of people traveling to Port Angeles for business or pleasure on a trip: (i) Away from their place of residence or business and staying overnight in paid accommodations; (ii) To a place fifty miles or more one way from their place of residence or business for the day or staying overnight; or (iii) From another country or state outside of their place of residence or their business. As you are aware City Council is reviewing the performance of all tourism and economic development contract entities. Council has asked staff to ensure that measurable outcomes are attained prior to considering future funding. Chamber of Commerce letter July 2, 2014 Page d The City would like to have these details provided no later than August 1, 2014. Thank you for your immediate attention to these matters. Sincerely Dan McKeen City Manager CC: City of Port Angeles -City Council City Attorney — William Bloor Chief Financial Officer — Byron Olson iOiuiULiiy aiu Economic icVelGJi7iit Diiector— 'Nat vGot j Room Tax Committee performance measures: 1) Visitor Center Statistics People that have stopped at the visitor center Visitor Center Guest Book Sign In information: January -June 2014 529 Washington Door Count Diff 65 2013 2014 62 Jan 969 1629 41% Feb 1103 1764 37% March 2158 3936 45% April 2396 6120 61% May 3665 7687 52% June 7164 11250 36% July 9505 August 7167 Sept 6127 October 4220 November 2315 December 2611 YTD 17,455 32,386 46% Visitor Center Guest Book Sign In information: January -June 2014 529 Washington 146 28% Canada 65 12% Europe 62 12% Calif 49 9% Oregon 34 6% Arizona 13 2% Texas 9 2% Florida 9 2% l � r �2 2) On Line Statistics regarding WEB site visits to www.portangeles.org Webvisits Webvisits Diff 2013 2014 16440 15024 -9% 16950 18540 9% 16230 17568 8% 17465 19813 13% 15488 17497 13% 27709 30862 11% 31385 35400 21052 16432 14400 7950 110,282 119,304 8% Where visits are coming from 89% visiting the site are US 8% Canada 2% European markets Top Cities visiting the site Seattle 15 Corridor 28% Olympic Peninsula 14% Victoria and BC 6% Portland 2% Los Angeles 2% Top days so far this year July 4 2621 July 3 1449 June 30 1072 (KOMO TV ads) June 16 953 (KOMO TV ads) �3 3) Occupancy information from local properties Month Occupancy Room Occupancy Room 2013 2013 2014 2014 Jan 24% 5282 27% 5942 12% Feb 33% 6560 29% 5765 -2% March 41% 9024 40% 8804 -2% April 48% 10224 47% 10011 -2% May 60% 13206 68% 14502 10% June 75% 15975 77% 16401 3% July 85% 18708 August 90% 19809 Sept 81% 17253 October 39% 8307 November 31% 6603 December 27% 5942 YTD 47% 60,271 49% 61,425 2% Total 54% 2013 14 4) WEB site analysis from,,.VW t I=,x�___,_ z3.n g. which is managed by the Olympic Peninsula Tourism Commission. 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(n J O < N O r� O O D 0 cn O to 2014 Visits pagesivisit Avg time Bounce Rate January 2,012 3.17 2:54 46.87 February 2,206 3:09 2:30 55.02 March 2,768 3:44 3:24 46:32 April 7613:48 January 2;41 25.93 May 355 3:31 2:36 28.35 June 54.79% 4.11% 94 10 July August September 319 293 511 1.6 October 62.07 6.27 37.3 55.17 November 74 1 March 540 December 981 1.82 1:54 65.56 TOTAL Visits 7,341 43.05 2.51 120 www.OlympicPeninsula.org 1 - Mobile Overview - Google Analytics 2 - Mobile Overview - By Device Catagory 3 - Mobile Overview - By Specific Device www.OlympicPeninsulaBlog.com 4 - Blog - Google Analytics 5 - Blog - Month/Year Comparisons January February March April May June Device Desktop 9,197 Desktop 9,606 Desktop 12,458 Desktop 12,393 Desktop 16,551 Category Tablet 1,925 Tablet 2,126 Tablet 2,696 Tablet 734 Tablet 322 Mobile 87 Mobile 80 Mobile 72 Mobile 27 Mobile 33 July August September October November December January February March April May lune specific Pad Wad iPad Wad Kindle Fire Mobile Kindle Fire HD Kindle Fire HD Kindle Fire HD Kindle Fire HD Wad Devices Kindle Fire Kindle Fire Kindle Fire HDX Kindle Fire Kindle Fire HD Info July August September October November December 3 OlympicPeninsula.org month/year comparisons Olympic Peninsula Blog.com 2010 2011 2012 Traffic Sources 2014 January 17,601 2014 Visits *Unique Pageviews Pages/visit Time Bounce Direct Referral Search Social Sites Mobile Referrals facebook January 292 268 490 1.71 1:50 63.7% 9.25% 31.51% 54.79% 4.11% 94 10 February 319 293 511 1.6 1:48 62.07 6.27 37.3 55.17 1.25 74 1 March 540 495 981 1.82 1:54 65.56 6.95 47.49 43.05 2.51 120 3 April 639 531 1,127 1.76 1:28 60.88 14.87 23.94 45.07 15.49 194 87 May 716 653 1,282 1.79 1:55 64.39 10.34 23.74 46.51 18.99 200 117 June 10,049 7,312 Total 265,130 214,249 210,945 255,524 222,943 55,153 Jul August September October November December Total 2,506 OlympicPeninsula.org month/year comparisons 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 January 17,601 13,077 13,656 14,363 14,516 11,209 February 16,537 14,521 14,063 16,004 15,216 11,812 March 21,456 18,135 17,804 18,005 19,327 15,226 April 43,251 18,641 19,439 20,720 21,577 13,154 May 46,651 21,810 24,360 27,694 23,525 16,906 June 25,281 24,415 28,978 28,826 30,079 July 29,355 32,984 35,857 38,727 34,102 August 24,401 28,676 n/a 36,163 25,709 September 14,698 15,337 20,571 20,704 13,259 October 10,074 10,391 14,300 13,698 10,226 November 8,069 8,452 11,433 10,571 71595 December 7,756 7,786 10,484 10,049 7,312 Total 265,130 214,249 210,945 255,524 222,943 55,153 OlympicPeninsula.org month/year comparisons 5) Regional Area Percentage Zip code information from the properties is being researched for availability at this time. �{ s �6 6) Social Media Analytics for both the Port Angeles Regional Chamber ofCommerce and the Olympic Peninsula Tourism Commission See following pages 6A -6F regarding social media Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce Facebook'People'Analytics - 7/9/2014 Women A 70% 46% klen 8 28% 54% jr Fan= -ii Country Your Fans m am MAW am= Your Fans Graph shows growth of Facebook Likes from 6/9/2014 to 7/9/2014 Facebook Posts - 7/3 to 7/9 - 2014 Post Type Targeting Reach Engagement pronme ?2 it i,, Ir 0'.'U&-7711 pI 'a 1 )7i'37,201 PoIt--F, 3r� �'H-73 ��afX�� 1) 740 112, 0 14 t CJ 3 17?312014 46 PoIl :'n :-i -;-I - .t tlr-'n jll M - Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce Facebook'People' Engaged - 7/9/2014 The people who have liked, commented on, or shared your posts or engaged with your Page in the past 28 days. ,I V Vkmen It A 72% 7011% a urlEn J-igga ',cur F:3n ,S."4 26:34 -5.44 _4 5584 6 I+Aen NONE 0.00: t 823% 28% 6 7- ': i ";A[�j-3 I - nq-lcjw! Yjur Far's People Engaged City S g e. " 1 o f e People Engaged Language People Engaged Russ Veenema Subject: FW: Social Media - Facebook Advertising As of today here are the Ride The Hurricane Facebook campaign results: Website Clicks -625 directly to htt ::: www.portangeles.org/pqge.s RicleTheHurricane Reach -43,655 Facebook individuals Total Spent- $488.14 Avg. Cost Per Website Click- $0.78 NOTE: Attached is a daily activity review chart of the FB-RTH campaign fllarfie Comstock I/?{-.mber Sorvices Mranaiter !. i.7M U:� otl Facchook and 1 Nvitteri O IR . W ' , May 2014 Social Media Report Channel Stats (as of June 4) Last Month % Change facebook facebool<.corn Ohm icPeninsula 33,558 23,549 29.8% facebook OPTC facebool<.coni/OlyrrioicPeninsulaTourisrn Commission 156 153 1.92% 4.26% Twitter twitter.coni/VisitOlnoics 1,337 1,280 Pinterest �nterest.com/visito pics/ 527 512 2.85% Flickr fIickr.com/peooIe/oIVrripicpeninsula 3,727 Views No change Comparing other industry facebook pages: Washington Visitor Centers - facebook Pages Visit Seattle Olympic Peninsula Yakima Valley Tri -Cities, Washington Seattle Southside Long Beach Peninsula Visitors Bureau VisitSpokane San Juan Islands Visitors Bureau Visit Walla Walla GoWhidbeyCamanolslands Visit Kitsap Peninsula Olympia Lacey Tumwater Visitor and Convention Bureau Tacoma Regional Convention + Visitor Bureau City of Bellingham Visit Vancouver USA Snohomish Grays Harbor Tourism Visit Bellevue Washington Skamania Pinterest — most popular pins this month: Total Likes (as of June 2) 478,853 32,631 20,100 16,408 15,765 6,651 4,005 3,277 3,098 2,412 2,323 2,198 2,106 1,780 1,455 1,128 1,040 749 696 Spring Campaign results so far - $600 spent on post promotion, $400 left to spend this month / )— L / rr I ) Promoted Facebook Posts On 2 � 2 1 2 0 14AY C. 17 11 n What's new in Twitter? — Lots of visitor photos coming in. #HikerGals launching: i "J C4 Samantha a -ii-ninci hkerGals Txo gals em�;c-;iieing r--rie:s esp af, ut Ilral c P-ninsWa e.,, P-1 ct e n a Y; Reach Clicks vs. Date posted Summary Type Visibility (dark is Likes/Comments/ paid reach) Shares On 2 � 2 1 2 0 14AY C. 17 11 n What's new in Twitter? — Lots of visitor photos coming in. #HikerGals launching: i "J C4 Samantha a -ii-ninci hkerGals Txo gals em�;c-;iieing r--rie:s esp af, ut Ilral c P-ninsWa e.,, P-1 ct e n a Y; ,7 7) Monthly Room tax collected and page 7A shows occupancy with room tax Collected Sales Room Tax Diff Budget Budget In from 2013 2014 2014 B. Olson Jan Nov $20,170 $19,231 -5% $17,500 $17,233 Feb Dec $20,108 $16,798 20% $19,250 $19,316 March Jan $12,776 $16,971 25% $13,200 $15,755 April Feb $19,145 $17,178 11% $18,500 $18,252 May March $26,910 $25,267 -7% $25,750 $24,483 June April $28,972 $27,223 -6% $27,750 $28,579 July May $42,925 $39,800 $38,128 August June $54,446 $54,250 $52,862 Sept July $89,538 $89,500 $85,036 October Aug $95,736 $84,500 $81,336 November Sept $63,027 $59,289 $62,063 December Oct $27,719 $28,250 $26,957 YTD $128,081 $122,668 -4% $121,950 $123,618 Year $501,472 Total total 1% -1% $477,539 $470,000 ca Q- :3 C) 0 0 x E 0 0 —44 LO ;r C) C) E c,,'q CD C) � CD LO 'It 0 CD M, rl-! co C) "t: C.0 N in co 0 01 0 Rf O" M z LL: � 4— E -0E 75 C) > 0 (1) F— LL 0 Z T—TNl co I "T I -)1 CO 1,— 1 -01 ml 0-1 —1 "1 col "TI L,)l (01 1 CO I r— I co 1 0) 1 c fl I8 8) Integrated Tourism Commission Data The NorthStar company was contracted by the Olympic Peninsula Tourism Commission to study the tourism details of the Olympic Peninsula. This information is a very large document and is easier reviewed as an email attachment or on line. Here is the link information, which has also been sent to city council members, staff and lodging tax committee members. Northstar Research Report: / ion r .; S�� 9 9) Monthly Comparisons for room tax See following reports 9A, 9B and 9C which shows a report for the past 13 years for Port Angeles and a report from the Olympic Peninsula Tourism Commission showing each Olympic Peninsula community along with Clallam County. O (D C C C N -O N (D 0M. O n O 0 .O-. N -. n Q' n n m r..CN z N 0 3 00 0 (D 3 oCL m v '.. �.(Dco� 0 a'� n o — -., 3 O W W 6969696969696969 069N J N O) m 0) A N N -fA A J N o O W 0') 0) (O A W p A V O O O A> U1 Q) W (n W O N A O O (n 0) W w> w O N O O N 0) A O N 0) 0) A N 0) OD to W 69 69 69 EA W 69 69 69 69 69 69 W N cn 0) W A N N N A W m A A co > O 0) > U) O A O (D V N N> m'. oA 0) V O N W W CO O W W O W 0) co O O O) W A w W A W 69 69 69 W 069 69 69 69 EH 69 69 W N N O) AOD N O N> J 0) W J ODO 0) N W O W O 0) W O m O A A 0) (n O V N oho: N A m A O) W D W tn.W 6910 69 64 m Cn COn W O J W N J Q) N > A IV A () > T> N N (n O O O0 W N O O W O O W A A O O W J OD W 69 69 69 N "Cl 6) J W !J W V W N OAD N A W N OW O 0) A O In N A c0 O W (P W O W (n W N O W W > ,A cn N N 0) W co V J m J,, J (n O O I'. A EA co 69 J W N N > > N N N A W 00)) A W A W N O (n > O O rn : W> O -+ W O V to O N � O) W A N > 0) (n O0) O. J� (O 0) OJ N V) O W 0) O A W N I I : 69 W 6`i 69 69 ffl 69 69 69 69 u) 69 69 fi) 69 3 O > N (b J CO N O O O (D O J (n A O) 01 0) --� 0) J W J N O W N 01 A Q1 aD (n N O (D Q) EA 69 69 69 69 00069 69 69 69 w 69 N. (D N N O O W O ON) O J A J p A v ''', ! O) W co co co (n -� O W W O N O N0 N Nm A OD 0) J> (0 V FA N 69 69 W w OO A W A 0) O 0) A W N CWn N (n O> Cn> W W tD -+OOp (") o O N J A (n W N W cn W W O) N O .O O J O A co O m O> J W N W Q OJ (D O W O A O W m Cl) W N . _._ to W "A 69 69 69 G') 0 w 69 69 0 69 69 � W W O (fin (VO O J (Nn O A J w' o O J A> CD w O A W (n , O W (n N A W W W V (n cD N A O N J W V> N 0) 6) O Y A 69 69 69 w 69 69 69 69 0 69 69 � WV W N N N N J (n O A co J N O A O J O W o N> j W> O N O N (O W V O W W OO W O O W O W w> V Cn m(AO (WO N Q) N (n O j J N W O fJ A> N N O M V W A W (n A (n W N (n (b J N O O O -' A'. A OD O) O W A W O J A N ... N. ,___•_._. A fA 69 69 69 W w 69 W fA 69 69 69 W N 0J A W N N>»> N O v W W � (O (D (b W (n N N A (b (b O> O W (b N (n N J O (n W W (n N N' N A (D A m O W O (D N m O N yn W �` Q) O 69 W 69 fA fA 69 69 Eli 69 w 69 O N M O W 0) A N N N N N N N O J W (P O A N 00 O O N O O O N W W A N V A V O J W pOp N'. 01 W O N N � N — CD V N A �.: ON N V V (D W W V W -1 co to W y A (» (» (» (n 69 (» (» (n en (» (n W N N WN 0 ON 0 N0N WO A (OfJ 0NV 0J 0COP 0NO W 0 0 0 0 :0 p . _.... .. (A 69 0 GA 69 69 69 69 C9 (2 f_A 69 69 A A} (o m O j 0) (D 0) K W O N N> (0 J W W W O O O m N CD N : ':.. J W fn EA V) EA fA •A di EA ff) W fA N J O W A W W A In (NO W (P (D 0 0 A A 1 0 O A N A A J V O) Cb A N CJ A O) ID W O Cb (D A 3 d T 0 0,z O rt (D _ n 'Q N W Ui ' V 00 00 M Ln 4P .., N W ! N . 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U �WI,O O.a':W W.O 0.: 10 VONI� NAOai Iwo VW:U VIUTIW'WW-+INAWT,.VN O ', O 6O IIA �:N r -2 O cplD JA WI o'W W A UIW a N A ON U V T TIN cp T Cp N -••. O V� p a T W UIQ M CO'(0 -<V O, OUP -GAA':, IV { ,AOTAI <ON TIOW AAA V OOTOOV UTA�OVai':1DONN'''.W ON WONoOAN NANW OTN O�A aNTAOW,m!�OO,wjA OOP :,O NT': rn;m WOOV WWUC.:. TW OVi�'IO W v rz,: 10 Visitor Center Survey Information The following page 10A shows the new form we will start using July 2014. Information gathered from the previous form we have been using is shown below. Visitor Center stats from guest book sign in January -June 2014 529 Washington 146 28% Canada 65 12% Europe 62 12% Calif 49 9% Oregon 34 6% Arizona 13 2% Texas 9 2% Florida 9 2% I W 0 0 0 0 0 0 LJ Li Li Li Li (3) (D (1) a) (1) (D CLc -c- E CM Iz- 4-; -E (D 2 4-; 'E a) 2 -:j EE (D 2 4..; (D C) 2 4-i 'E a) 2 :3 0 0- 73 0 n u) co :3 0 a. 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Attached on pages 11 A -H are the approved list of grants and some information about the success events have had so far this year attracting guests from outside the area to Port Angeles. 0 CD o C) (Z) 0 i cn C� M N C4 06 i07 N N Lf) Lo 0 = CD Lo (D C� 0; A to� CDT-- 1., co N 4-0 a I � � 1 0 0) l CO — , N cc Qq E Gn rwn LO Qn ul) rQ6 v!) Goti, Eon, co G6, G6 a) ----- - ------- i cn N C4 06 i07 N N C? ! CN! Lo (D C� 0; A to� CDT-- 1., co N 4-0 a I � � 1 0 0) l , N cc a) a oC) 0 LO 00' C/) C/) co a) Grant Reim bUrsenient Request Recap Part I TammiHink|e/VioWHeckmon Director's Narrative developed uujoint effort between the three kayak shops onthe Olympic Peninsula with agoal ofrefreshing and revitalizing tile Port Angeles Kayak Symposium, anevent that diminished over the last few years. |omarketing this event, | worked with Deborah Black Public Relations to boost the outreach and most effectively Utilize advertising dollars. Our marketing targeted the |S corridor from Bellingham to Olympia and the military community with focused online and radio advertising. In addition, Deborah wrote press releases, aligned guest h|o8Qens, and set Lip radio interviews covering the event. All ofthe kayak and stand uppmdd|eboan1classes that required advance reservation were completely booked prior totile event, The returning kayak instructors mentioned this was the busiest kayak event that has taken place in Port Angeles. Given that wehave not been apart ofthis event previously, wewas riot able toevaluate tile number of participants incomparison toother years. Final Budget- see attachment Overnight Stay Statistics The event attracted at least 400 registered participants, tracked and counted by the number of liability release forms completed and door counts at the film and speaking venues. The event coordinated a promotional rate with one sponsoring hotel in Port Angeles. This hotel reported eight room bookings with the event name. Other than that, accurate hotel guest counts were unable to be accounted for as not all attendees lodged at the sponsoring hotel and other hotels did not track festival bookings. A reasonable estimate ufhotel booking Would baatleast 38roomxcitywide. The number of participants who attended tile event/activity in each of the following categories: Staying overnight in paid accommodations away from their place of residence or business; Cst. 100 0 Staying overnight in unpaid accommoclations (e.g. with friends arid family)and traveling fifty Staying for the day only arid traveling more than fifty rnfles or more one way from their place of residence or business; Est 75 Attending but not included in one of the three categories above. Est 1254- 0 The estimated number of participants in any of the above categories that attended from out-of- state (includes other countries). Est. 50 e A description of methods used to determine attendance and distinguish among the visitor categories at the event/activity. We used the internet sign-up forms to get rnuch of tile infora i ation, However for those that signed tip the day of the event, it was personal questioning. Financial report: See Attached Any comments from guests about the project or event are appreciated: We hod a very positive response frorn the people that attended the event. All enjoyed the different venues provided, the atmosphere and the perfect weather! The uniqueness of the event gives it a great draw frorn people all over the State cis well as quite afew from different and far away states such as Minnesota. Locals also responded very favorably for the event. They enjoyed the sense of camaraderie and furl that the event provided. V What did organizers learn from the event or project and what could be done better in the future. As first time event organizers, we felt that things went very smoothly. We would make certain that more emphasis was placed on the information gathering and farms at the volunteer sign Lip booths as well as on the webpage so as to have precise information regarding attendees. We learned as well the best venues for advertising as well as what to avoid next year so as to get the best return for the investment. We want to thank the Chamber for the grant that allowed this event to happen and to say that it was a pleasure organizing an event that was so well received by our local residents and many many visitors. We look forward to doing an ever) better event next year. Port Angeles Kayak and Film Festival Request for Grant Funds Payable toAdventures Through Kayaking Submitted by: Vicki Heckman May 20,2014 Itemized Advertising Jack FK4(CBS Radio) $1010.00 OutdoorsNW-bnnnerod $442.50 Grind Media (canoe and kayak banner ad.) S198.00 Ken Wheeler (above ad. Production) $195.00 KitsapSun—banne,ad $500.00 Rapid Media- (adventure kayak banner ad.) $64!j10X} Total $2990,50 From: Scott -, ailto:scott@nwcup.comj Sent: ThursdWMm014 7:21 AM To: russ@portangeles.org Subject: NW Cup Hey Russ, Well round 1 went amazing, biggest turn -out ever. We had 484 participants and an estimated 700 in town for three days. Round 2 is just around the corner Thanks Scott June 18, 2014 Russ Veenema Port Angeles Chamber of Commerce Re: Hotel/Motel Funding Reimbursement Dear Russ: Thanks again for the great support of th Juan de Fuca Festival. The attached invoices are submitted with a request for reimbursement to cover advertising costs. Sound Publishing (Kitsap Newspapers $1,244.50 KOMO TV $6,233.00 CHEK TV (1) $287.02 Google Adwords $689.40 Facebook Advertising $160.00 The Stranger $2,500.00 Northwest Public Radio $690.00 TOTAL $11,803.02 REIMBURSEMENT $11,803.02 Event Recap 1. Total amount spent on event. $75,750 (does not include general admin, including staff) 2. Number of participants from out of area 3,400 (1,800 individual day only attendees) a.Staying overnight in paid accommodations. 450 b. Staying overnight in unpaid accommodations (from over 50 miles away) 1,300 c. Staying day only (from over 50 miles away) 1,500 d. Other categories: 11,500 (about 5,000 individual attendees) 3. Number from out of state. 350 4. Methods used to determine visitor counts/categories: Dan Maguire surveyed 180 folks spread over the course of the festival as above. Also used historical and ticket sales data. Sincerely, Dan Maguire From: Larry Little [mailto:larry nodm. om] Sent: Tuesday, July 01, 2014 10:25 PM To: russ@portangeles.org Subject: Re: info Hi Russ: I just sent out a survey monkey to the nearly 2000 registrants, and have about 385 responses. Below are a few quick numbers. I apologize if this is brief - Will provide additional details when information is complete. 79% traveled from outside of Clallam County 22% were first time travelers to the peninsula 54% stayed one night 23% stayed 2-3 nights 6% stayed more than 3 nights 78% stayed in hotel/motel 2% stayed in b and b 2% camped 12% stayed with family/friends 82% came to run the NODM 18% came to run and visit the OP 40% brought 1 friend 28% brought 2 people 13% brought 3 people 8% brought 4 people 4% brought 5 people 7% brought more than 5 people 82% will return next year! Ride The Hurricane Grant funding of $2450 August 3, 2014 The 5th Ride The Hurricane is about to occur and I expect we will end up with about 400 riders. As of the date July 10, 2014 we have 150 entries. Percentages at this point are: Out of state: 19% Over 50 miles: 48% Canada: 19% Sequim/Port Angeles: 14% We also have information that 40 nights of lodging have been reserved. This information will be updated after the event has occurred. t Visitor Center Hours: per Section 1.C.(3) The contract the chamber has with the city states: 12 "During the generally recognized tourist season, hours of operation, as much as possible, shall be coordinated with the arrival and departure schedule of the Port Angeles based ferry operations or such other schedule of operation so as to provide optimum coverage in proportion to the demand on the facility for tourist services." Currently the center is staffed for answering calls Monday -Friday starting at 8AM. Visitor center doors open at 9:45AM Monday -Friday and generally close at 4PM unless traffic warrants staying open longer. Saturday the center is open 10AM-4PM Sunday noon-3PM This schedule has essentially been the same for decades and seems to fit the travel patterns for most quests quite well. When the center is closed there are brochures available in a weather proof rack at the entrance wall, plus there is a QR code on the rack to encourage people to visit the community web site. This schedule does mean the center is not open for the early morning arrivals & departures or the later evening arrivals & departures. The demand for visitor center stops for these times are not in demand by the ferry guests and fortunately, for the guests needing information, the staff of the Coho ferry have an information and booking desk on board. Plus the ability to now find information on line via smart phones, tablets and Pads helps with anyone needing information. This schedule also reflects the need to provide a safe environment for the volunteers that staff the center. Most volunteers are not comfortable being in the center by themselves, or during the evening. Then finally there is the problem of not having enough volunteers that are willing to offer their time as a community service. This lack of volunteering is a national trend and adding additional hours of operation by using paid staff is costly and no budget is available to do so. OIA IIIc► 1 13 Section 1.C.(3) Lodging Tax Expenditure Report Form The contract states the contractor is to assist the City with completing the Lodging Tax Expenditure report form. The chamber has not been provided the form by the city in order to assist and once this form has been provided we will work closely with city staff to provide the information requested. Section 1.C.(7) There has been no increase in salaries or benefits for the year 2014 compared to year 2013. C 7 4) ` { J14 The July 2 2014 letter from the city manager is requesting information as to the impact the lodging tax money being used for promotion of Port Angeles, is having to encourage visits to Port Angeles. The response to this question is not a simple reply but is a combination of all the information provided in this report plus the following pages 14 A-E discuss the different sections of the approved marketing budget. Internet and Social media $23,000: This information is covered earlier in section 6. Print publications $17,113: This is one of the most difficult for us to be able to track because all the print ads direct people to the web site for additional information. However most print publications now incorporate their own web and social media to reinforce the print message. The impressive results we received from NW Travel is a good example of this cross sell (see attached 14A). Print is important because it helps reinforce the marketing message via another type of media in our market area. Vacation Planner & postage $14,200: This is our primary response piece for all requests about Port Angeles and is used for tourism, real estate, business requests etc. This fall we do plan to do a conversion study to people that have received the planner for tourism purposes and will be part of the final report. (One example of requests is attached as 14B) TV $20,000: The TV ads started in June and based on our TV buy we plan to reach 60.2% of the KOMO TV market which is about 2 million people with a frequency of three times. The primary market for KOMO is the 15 Corridor with reach to Victoria. As shown earlier two of the top four days of web site visits for the year were days when these series of ads started for that week. Vancouver Island $19,512: Our primary reach for this market is via the Coho Ferry co-op. Information for the "Get Off The Rock" campaign is attached pages 14 C&D. Washington St. Ferry System Rack Cards $6300: The rack cards which are distributed using Certified Brochure distribution Co. are not possible for us to track. Olympic Peninsula Tourism Commission $22,000: Information is included in the following pages 14 E along with other OPTC information covered earlier in this report. Event/Tourism grant $70,000: information is covered in section 11 Admin Support $64,000: These funds are used to cover a portion of the Chamber's Executive Director Salary and the salary of the WEB and social media manager Visitor Center Operations $64,000. The visitor stats are covered earlier in this report. Russ Veenema Subject: FW: web ads Russ, here is the link to the E -newsletter your were featured in. tipI' n_ 336�c64 342�t 149 38bt,085d(' c?c I hope all is well, I'm finally back in the office and able to get you the report that you asked for, RE: the digital network. Your numbers are staggering and the value is borderline rediculess. I'm happy you guys are on board with this. Thus Far, your digital ADs have had over 835,000 im ressions and you have one week left on our 4 partner websites. You have received 612 leads in Excel Format with demographic info, name, mailing & email Address and when they plan on visiting Port Angeles. You have also had 1 feature in the NW Travel Magazine E -newsletter to our subscribers and will have another at the end of July. Russ, please send me a press release or give me an idea of what you would like us to feature in the next E - newsletter? Thanks, Tim Park, Advertising Manager Office 253-43"46N,? �Cell: 253-132-.7.1.3-) Of 574 Port Angeles brochure requests 4 Nebraska from the online travel guide service, 4 New Mexico here are the counts by state: 4 New Hampshire 3 Alaska Count State 3 Delaware 54 Washington 3 Indiana 52 California 3 Maine 34 Florida 3 Ontario 31 Texas 2 Alberta 27 Arizona 2 Montana 24 Kentucky 1 Mississippi 21 North Carolina 1 North Dakota 20 Michigan 1 Rhode Island 20 Pennsylvania 1 Saskatchewan 19 Oregon 1 South Dakota 17 Ohio 1 Vermont 16 Illinois 1 West Virginia 15 Missouri 1 Wyoming 15 New York 1 Quebec 15 Wisconsin 14 Minnesota 13 Georgia 13 Indiana 12 Virginia 11 Colorado 8 Massachusetts 8 Utah 7 Iowa 7 Oklahoma 7 South Carolina 6 New Jersey 6 Tennessee 6 Nevada 5 Alaska 5 Arkansas 5 Kansas 5 New Hampshire British 4 Columbia 4 Connecticut 4 Hawaii 4 Louisiana 4 Maryland Russ Veenema ;ubject: FW: Initial GOTR response From: Ryan Malane [ Mr -1 C?] Initial Get off the Rock Campaign status to July 9, 2014: Web site: We have re -launched and re -designed the web site. Due to a technical glitch in migrating the site over from last year's .org and .ca sites, the first month was not online for Google Analytics. Since June 9, we have been tracking that data. TOTAL VISITS: 7760 since tracker was installed (likely 1-21K more since inception) This compares to 17K for the entire 2013-14 year previous to re -launch. My initial though was that this year could reach 35K. Based on the fact that we get between 50 and 100 hits per day, that may be too aggressive. However, our volume has been increasing recently. Breakdown of Visitors: 77% Canadian, 18% US. Top Cities: Victoria Vancouver Nanaimo Duncan Colwood Surrey Sidney *Seattle Courtenay Parksville Powell River Top Content by visitation: The biggest challenge is how few offers we have on the Great Deals page. Ferry Deals include many of the local businesses. Main Page Ferry Deals Great Offers Port Angeles Olympic Peninsula 1 l Russ Veenema iubject: FW: info Contests: Trip #1 - Live from May 1 - May 30 Total Unique Entrants: 1955 Canadian Entrants: 1834 American Entrants: 121 Social Media Stats: - 935 people liked Black Ball Ferry Line on Facebook - 639 people liked Blondie's Plate on Facebook - 691 people liked Lost Mountain Lodge on Facebook - 635 people liked Olympic Raft >;t Kayak on Facebook - 766 tweets about the contest were sent through the app Trip # 2 - Live from June 1 - June 30 Total Unique Entrants: 279 Facebook Post Data: April 22• "STOP WHAT YOU'RE DOING WE HAVE BIG NEWS!" 18,000 people reached 880 clicks on the link 310 likes, comments and shares May 17: "Don't forget to enter ... " 3,200 people reached 181 clicks 105 clicks, comments and shares May 30• "Congratulations to the winner of the GOTR contest ... 6,600 people reached 378 clicks 203 likes, comments and shares July 9: " Enter to win Trip #3 15, 700 people reached 370 clicks 504 likes, comments, shares Rochelle Roberts Sales Et Marketing Coordinator Black Ball Ferry Line RT V-4 V F- CL a O C N L O y a 0_ 0 O y i Ca E N C 0 0 C O .y CL a c m c 0 E L O C O Q -0 y � v m m c Q 0_ -0 y V m v 0 .0 Qj Eo 0 O 'O a0 ai u o c a +�L YN v o E .� — s � 0 � t O ? 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VI N o a i O !6 N 'E d Y y a V 0 a°i c u E `J v u a o a v E Q N 7 a o `t O o >• 503 O �p E E c m j N a ` ii L m> L u O N O. v .n a w c o °' no °N' 3 `v .o s Q c o F- o V L a mo 3 a O N O N a c °° a o u x i/ y N 3 a= L Y m Q H a v p m o a a j y a y a o W w a v •> o N m a y 0 C C 'VO n n n u va0 -o °o n A c n n O u 'i C m 3 L m Y O o c °' E x v c O w a) x° m a v a E Z Q v c u Q U m • w • v vc m • • • vc w • • • • w • • • v s • C a + _a a Y O O V O '.� N j O_ v O C E p E 'pq a s O C N m C dO C c0 O m CL va O y o �v yo o n ' L C C a N a C N T N �p O t °' c y a o m y N 5 o p T a E v E ao E c N y a L U Y j a s O 'Y E -^ d a c c - m E a Y o_ _E ° E m N N m m = C L O 0 (U O a N L m ti. 7 aL+ Y 0 'N u L- 0 7 O N m y7 fyC O t4 N y� N O p Y a Q L bD N T p N a s _u C -C :3 CL4- y0 a p N j y a m C 'O u CL bo = E a `v E v a° o v °-a n o E N v' o=o a E E a N O a a c y m w y 9 0 E > a uo 3 p a x T °' > s° p c y o E m E o N m O m u E L m -COU 0 E N > c a �' a 0 v o ay Q a L a +_ N v a 3 a m c o d 0 0 c m> O..N o> p m t^ C y -0 n E a W a Y a s C Y O- a v vc m O E -C °' L T y 0 • ° o 'O C N > m m o u a C •`� O 110 W O N > °- 'c c N `° o '0. Y l7 m o_ ;� o- n a a N m u D o w w o. a> u cuv _> n n n n vOi v w V) vai N d. O O :3E O a ° > y 0> m o 7 E N N u c Ln x N y N a m a m OC1 -O y a W O. a °c° C u d C N m :3 `p 0 v E S- o CL civ N o m O a C > E C) O� a vai cu ,ai, a v a ` E a> a c a a T 0 •m N i C ai EL O N > u° u 'y v >° a c O.0 C c _. p c Q vm v l7 • • s • y E c c m E c cn p O >• p y 74=u N p a O. m p E a N -Tia 7 Y E N -O N a y mo E O m c T v> E u m .:t E E> C vNi m a C a a 7 + a, u O O C .N Y y 3> m v m L ++ p _ O a u y a vi y y_ E L m c c t N c a o a y E p o c > .c ._^ m° o no '� v o O a> m > 5 c m u a s E u a m N m N a E o m 3N'CmN o CN C > >LC 'OQC C p a _� 'O a w u m ma aw m O_ 15 Clallam County Travel Impacts and Visitor Volume: This final information pages 15 A -D is from a Dean Runyon study to show travel impacts and visitor volume. This information is current through 2013. CLALLAM COUNTY TRAVEL IMPACTS AND VISITOR VOLUME Travel Indicators Visitor Spending Impacts (2013p) Amount of Visitor Spending that supports 1 job $65,140 Employee Earnings generated by $100 Visitor Spending $30 Local Tax Revenues generated by $100 Visitor Spending $2.00 Visitor Volume (2013p) Additional visitor spending if each resident household encouraged one additional overnight visitor (in thousands) $4,540 Additional employment if each resident household encouraged one additional overnight visitor 70 Visitor Shares Travel Share of Total Employment (2012)* 9.4% Visitor Share of Taxable Sales (2012)** 16.7% Overnight Vistor Day Share (2013p)*** 9.4% *Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis and Bureau of Labor Statistics. Estimates by Dean Runyan Associates. *Source: Washington State Department of Revenue Quarterly Business Review. ***Overnight Days/(Population*365) Visitors who stay in private homes typically comprise the largest share of overnight visitor volume. Visitors who stay overnight in commercial lodging typically have the greatest economic impact. There is substantial variation among counties, however. Most rural and suburban counties have high shares of private home visitation. Urban counties tend to have greater shares of hotel/motel stays. Overnight Visitor Spending and Volume Private Home Hotel -Motel Persn-Nights NS Iing 0°% 20% 40% 60% 80% Percent of All Overnight DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE 19 Person Person Visitor 2013p Trips Nights Spending (Thousands) (Thousands) (Millions) Hotel, Motel 427 670 $109.2 Private Home 548 1,182 $30.6 Other Overnight 225 641 $30.9 All Overnight 1,200 2,493 $170.7 DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE 19 PAGE 20 DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES Clallarn County Travel Trends, 1991-2013p Spending Earnings Employment Tax Receipts ($Thousands) ($Millions) ($Millions) local State Total 1991 118.7 33.2 3,130 1,466 6,328 7,793 1992 131.5 36.9 3,340 1,637 6,999 8,636 1993 127.9 35.8 3,180 1,591 6,801 8,393 1994 127.3 35.5 3,050 1,639 6,754 8,393 1995 138.2 38.9 3,230 1,831 7,326 9,158 1996 136.1 38.1 2,960 1,787 7,177 8,964 1997 140.3 39.1 2,950 1,875 7,437 9,312 "1998 145.5 41.1 3,070 2,205 7,741 9,946 1999 142.8 41.1 2,950 2,264 7,528 9,793 2000 145.8 42.7 2,970 2,298 7,618 9,916 2001 150.4 44.6 3,210 2,732 7,858 10,590 2002 150.2 45.1 3,070 2,766 7,884 10,650 2003 156.9 47.1 3,190 2,821 8,249 11,070 2004 168.3 50,5 3,280 3,181 8,987 12,169 2005 178.7 53.4 3,330 3,397 9,442 12,838 2006 183.2 53.1 3,280 3,466 9,672 13,139 2007 189.1 54.4 3,220 3,609 9,953 13,562 2008 193.0 54.3 3,090 3,592 9,992 13,584 2009 191.6 56.4 3,060 3,680 10,253 13,933 2010 206.3 58.3 3,100 3,964 10,880 14,844 2011 199.6 58.3 3,020 3,748 10,312 14,060 2012 218.4 63.4 3,280 4,012 11,177 15,189 2013p 218.5 64.1 3,240 4,129 11,292 15,421 Annual Percentage Change 12-13p 0.0% 1.1% -1.4% 2.9% 1.0% 1.5% 91-13p 2.8% 3.0% 0.2% 4.8% 2.7% 3.2% Notes: Spending includes visitor spending and other travel spending (travel agencies and transportation related to travel to other destinations). Earnings include wage and salary disbursements, benefits and proprietor income. Employment includes full- and part-time payroll employees and proprietors. These direct travel impacts do not include secondary (indirect and induced) impacts. The multiple year percentage change refers to the average annual change. PAGE 20 DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES Clallam County Travel Impacts, 2004-2013p Details may not add to totals due to rounding. *Other Travel includes air travel and ground transportation impacts for travel to other Washington visitor destinations, and travel agencies. "Retail includes gasoline. DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE 21 2004 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013p Total Direct Travel Spending ($Million) Destination Spending 162.9 175.9 183.9 198.8 190.7 208.0 209.6 Other Travel* 5.4 7.3 9.2 7.5 8.8 10.5 8.9 Total Direct Spending 168.3 183.2 193.0 206.3 199.6 218,4 218.5 Visitor Spending by Commodity Purchased ($Million) Accommodations 27.4 30.4 32.1 35.9 33.5 35.2 37.2 Food Service 51,2 55.3 57.3 63.9 61.3 67.5 68.5 Food Stores 19.0 19.6 21.8 23.3 22.5 25.3 25.4 Local Tran. & Gas 14.0 18.0 21,5 20.7 21.5 23.6 22.6 Arts, Ent. & Rec. 24.2 24.9 24.4 25.8 24.3 26.3 26.2 Retail Sales 27.1 27.8 26,8 291 27.6 29.9 29.7 Destination Spending 162.9 175.9 1819 198,8 190.7 208.0 209.6 Industry Earnings Generated by Travel Spending ($Million) Accom. & Food Serv. 29.9 32.1 33.2 36.6 37.8 40.8 41.7 Arts, Ent. & Rec. 11.0 11.7 11.5 11.4 10,8 11,9 11.6 Retail** 6.5 6.7 6,8 7,4 7.0 7,6 7.7 Ground Tran. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.4 25 2.5 Other Travel* 1.0 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 Total Direct Earnings 50,5 53.1 54.3 58.3 58.3 63.4 64.1 Industry Employment Generated by Travel Spending (jobs) Accom, & Food Serv. 1,760 1,750 1,700 1,770 1,790 1,830 1,820 Arts, Ent. & Rec, 1,090 1,110 1,000 930 860 1,060 1,020 Retail** 290 300 280 290 270 290 290 Ground Tran. 100 90 90 90 80 90 90 Other Travel* 30 20 20 20 20 20 20 Total Direct Employment 3,280 3,280 3,090 3,100 3,020 3,280 3,240 Government Revenue Generated by Travel Spending ($Million) Local Tax Receipts 3.2 3.5 3.6 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.1 State Tax Receipts 9.0 9.7 10.0 10.9 10.3 11.2 11.3 Total Local & State 12.2 13.1 13.6 14.8 14.1 15.2 15.4 Details may not add to totals due to rounding. *Other Travel includes air travel and ground transportation impacts for travel to other Washington visitor destinations, and travel agencies. "Retail includes gasoline. DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES PAGE 21 Clallam County Visitor Spending and Visitor Volume Average Expenditures for Overnight Visitors, 2013p Visitor Spending by Type of Traveler Accommodation ($Million), 2004-2013p Travel Party Person 2008 Party Length of 2012 Day Trip Day Trip Size Stay (nights) Hotel, Motel $408 $640 $163 $256 2.5 1.6 Private Home $63 $136 $26 $56 2.4 2.2 Other Overnight $135 $384 $48 $137 2.8 2.8 All Overnight $174 $359 $68 $142_ 2.5 2.1 Visitor Spending by Type of Traveler Accommodation ($Million), 2004-2013p Overnight Visitor Volume, 2011-2013p 2004 2006 2008 2010 2011 2012 2013p All Overnight 132.2 143.0 149.0 162.0 155.0 168.9 170.7 Hotel, Motel 87.0 94.5 95.8 104.9 100.2 107.3 109.2 Private Home 24.1 25.9 28.2 29.1 29.3 30.8 30.6 Other Overnight 21.1 22.7 25.0 27.9 25.4 30.8 30.9 Campground 17.2 18.6 20.7 23.5 20.9 26.2 26.2 Vacation Home 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.7 Day Travel 30.7 32.9 34.9 36.8 35.8 39.1 38.9 Spending at Destination 162.9 175.9 183.9 198.8 190.7 208.0 209.6 Overnight Visitor Volume, 2011-2013p Hotel, Motel Private Home Other Overnight All Overnight Person -Trips (000) 2011 Person -N ights (000) Party -Nights (000) 405 431 2011 2012 2013 2011 2012 2013 Hotel, Motel 635 676 670 254 270 268 Private Home 1,152 1,190 1,182 473 488 485 Other Overnight 537 640 641 192 229 229 All Overnight 2,324 2,506 2,493 918 987 982 Hotel, Motel Private Home Other Overnight All Overnight Person -Trips (000) 2011 2012 2013 405 431 427 534 551 548 189 225 225 1.128 1,207 1,200 Party -Trips (000) 2011 2012 2013 162 172 171 219 226 225 68 80 80 448 478 476 PAGE 22 DEAN RUNYAN ASSOCIATES SC,1-40-A �O 1 16 The final piece of information of this packet shows some of the ads that have been in a variety of publications this year. 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Nestled inthe forest adjoining the Olympic National Park, it's a peaceful place toenjoy the natural beauty nfthe Q|ympic Peninsula. ~1'877'4]5-942l ElwheDamwRVparW-comw North Olympic Discovery��thon During the first weekend inJune, join usonthe scenic Olympic Peninsula for what has been called the "Best buwdquemarathon in North America "Stretching fromSequimtoPomAnge|esthe North Olympic Discovery Marathon is run on the Olympic Dis- covery Trail with stunning views of the Mountains and a five -mile finishing stretch a|nngthewater,There'ssomethingfprewe,y' one:fuUandha|fmaechon.ne|aK|OK,5Kandkidsmaraohmn. Register at NODM-corn Olympic Peninsula Waterfall Trail: Take the Mmgica|K4ntyTbu�., from paved, wheelchair accessible pathway oraforest trail, by boat o,backpack, everyone can enjoy the excitement of finding and viewing waterfalls. olymmpicPeeimaula Enjoy Port Townsiend Named one ofthe ~lOCoolest Small Towns inAmericaby Budget Travel, Port Townsend is known for its authentic charm asaVictorian seaport, and its arts and maritime heritage. Make alifetime memory! 1,888.ENJOYPT^EnjoyPT.comn Click or call for your FREE travel planner 1-800-942-4042 r OLYMPIC PCNIN.SULA.ORG 13 014T ANGELESO" "I'l [EAUTFIEN'TIC NORIJIWEST' Events to en.tertaixi. Nature to amaze. C'UiSille to SGIT1111ate! 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Unwind by the majestic fireplace, gaze at the lake or explore the stun- ning rainforest. - 800.562.6672 OlympicNationalParks.com Lake Crescent Lodge Step back in time at this historic '1916 lodge, an ideal basecamp to explore Olympic National Park, Nestled Linder huge fir and hemlock trees along Lake Crescent's shore, enjoy a .sunset from the cozy sun porch. - 888.'723,7°I27 01yrnpicNationallParks.corn &WORAT-If.", CEUEBRA'."n",, TFIE MIII IES� Mympk Peninsuia ScerOc Byways Hwy V 01 & Hwy 112 From the Send of the Hood Canal to the Shores of Lake Quinault.. 2 6 9 a j r ves ot � �iwy 112 betWE�+,'Yf Port Angedes and Neah. Bay! WhMes Eag�es Uk Otters 0,yonpic Peninst da Water f",30 T r ad, Otyrrrpk:: Cdnary Loop Worki He6tage Uyrnpk- Natk�)r4 Park Click or caft for your FREE ravel planner: 82 1 July/AugUSt2014 I nvvtravelmag.com WASHWGTON STATE ICA` NOR1,14WES"T . A,'N, FLASV ESCAPE FOR A LONG WEEKEND OR ,k WEEK OF EXPLORATION kf"UN EVl-,NTS E'N.ION" 0UR MlLb.'S OF VISY(' PORT ANGJ,,Lh,,S"'I I Hi�,' AunIEN'ric NORTHIVEST. 0 NATI , 14 E " 0 ANIA ZE. F,"VE,Nr"r,S'l'0 EN'J.'ER,r,,-uN. r Iw CIIISINET0 S"l'IM(:LA"I"ET M-0. , IV Wli/'. P () 11 TA, N G EJ,E , 0 RG OR (.0,'360)40,12-20,360" 3 ENJOV OUR ITLES OF VISIT PORT ANm�F,18:Tis8��srr. NA111:1414, TO AmxAZm C'UNViE TO STIMULATE! � � - 4Keeping Seattle Rolling' WHAT OUR CUSTOMERS ARE SAYING: l�ecycla»as an encrgyand vibc "'llimguys know their m0and that mm/shops lack, 6wshopped will tackle problems other shops (it all the maju,ommobike /o*,s mmuwvp/w///��n/m�be going oxJm/s�mr/amr/u�^ 6rmfo'repairs /nth^/amu.^ -umom.c umu D&rkcum|s I New and Used Sales, Trade- ins and Consignments Tuuc'upn) Repairs | C>,cc6mulu| Classes | Vintage Pails WW W, t'illcytIedc" lvd.es,c(ifft - U`�°�'^''=��, 20 /uk/64ugust2014 A OukdomoNN/ recreational trail takes you across Lake Washington, lets you gaze atMount Rainier and carries you through -the wildlife -rich Mercer Slough. The paved trail extends from south Seattle toBellevue and carries around amillion people ayear. Though you certainly won't bealone here, you will be exhilarated bythe green spaces, the graceful sculptures and the bracing experience ufcrossing the lake onthe 1-90 Bridge. Length: 10 miles East Lake Sammam^shTra~l King County has been working hard onthe East Lake 5ammamishTrail, with the goal ofmaking bfully paved. For now, the popular 11 -mile route ispaved on its north and south ends, with mostly soft -surface in the middle. it runs along the east shore of Lake Sammamioh, serving up great views ofLake 5ammamish and the Cascade foothills. Picnic atthe peaceful SammamishLanding orpopular Lake 8ammamishState Park. Length: 11 miles Connects to: Issaquah -Preston Trail, Marymoo/Connector Trail Ussaqual~Prestion Trail Climbing out ofIssaquah onpavement, the Issaquah - Preston Trail posses intriguing sculptures on its way 'to the Issaquah Highlands. The trail turns to soft -surface as it continues its climb through forest with Issaquah Creek gur- gling (and 1-90 roaring) below. It passes a turnoff tn Grand Ridge and Duthie Hill Parks, favoritespntsfor mountain bike fun. At rural High Point Way, this -trail connects with the scenic (and quieter) Preston-Snoqua|mieTrai|. Length. 7miles Connects to: Preston-Snoqua|mieTraii' Rainier Trail, East Lake Sammamish Trail This peaceful,paved -trail travels -from Preston, through se- cluded vvood|ands,thendipsdownthnmughdheRagingRiver Valley before traveling to a viewpoint overlooking Snoqualm- ie Falls. Cyclists with fatter tires will enjoy the Whitaker Trail, which branches twthe south and connects (with the help ofa roadway link) tothe Snoqua|mieRidge Trail. Length: 7miles Connects to: Issaquah -Preston Trail, Whitaker Trail, Sno- qua|mie Ridge Trail Soos Creek Trail On the rural Soos Creek Trail, which travels six miles between Renton and Kent "you feel like you're in a really cool video game with the way -the landscape moves around you," says Seattle artist Susan Robb. With both apaved route and asoft-surface equestrian emsv, 6 a hmg mehend or a vmeh J1, r h Ka' W.. 'MIN G,Kr,f,,wAy a Otympx: NATIORAL PARK AND"VICTORIA, BC. W'Vl,/ RTA 74 G F 1, fli. () I? i4 1") it 01, 0) 4,1)1 2„ 2 �,3 (Y'3 Downtowri Port Angeles In= cam P f", w. GELES COUNCIL DATE: JULY 15, 2015 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: DAN MCKEEN, CITY MANAGER WILLIAM BLOOR, CITY ATTORNEY SUBJECT: CRIMINAL JUSTICE COSTS Summary: Provide the City Council with updated information regarding efforts to re( criminal justice costs, including several positive steps towards decreasing jail costs: 1. C calendar modification; 2. Proposed amendment to the 2014 jail contract; and 3. Proposed jail contract for 2015 and beyond. : Update only, no action recommended. BACKGROUND/DISCUSSION: On June 24, 2014, during a Council work session, City staff presented a discussion of a budget deficit being generated by an unexpected increase in this year's jail costs. The City's current projections show jail costs exceeding the budgeted amount of $650,000 by approximately $300,000, despite a notable drop in projected court cases. As explained during the workshop, the reasons for the cost increases are numerous. No one factor accounts for increased costs. At the work session, staff had proposed several solutions to the jail cost overrun. They included: 1. Working with the District Court Judge to modify the court calendars so that City defendants in custody could change pleas on days other than Tuesdays; and 2. Modifying our charging standards; and 3. Adopting sentencing guidelines for the crimes the City does charge. Staff distributed proposed sentencing and charging guidelines for Council comment during the workshop and requested Council feedback. J-1 Since the June 24, 2014 meeting, several positive developments have occurred: • First, the judge modified the court calendars to allow plea changes for in -custody defendants on every day but Friday. This means that in -custody City defendants can change pleas without waiting for the following Tuesday. This should reduce the overall amount of time that a defendant serves in jail because a defendant will not be required to wait a week or more for a change of plea. • Second, the judge has decreased the numbers he uses to calculate a "standard" sentence for certain crimes, particularly property crimes. Over time, this change should produce noticeably fewer jail -days for crimes like shop lifting. • Third, Sheriff Bill Benedict reviewed the jail contract and proposed some changes that could significantly reduce the City's jail cost. First, he proposed that we modify the contract so that the maximum amount the City pays the County for 2014 is the amount budgeted for jail costs for 2014. Sheriff Benedict indicated that the amount the City and the County budgeted for City jail costs are nearly identical. • Fourth, the Sheriff also proposed that the City, the County, and Sequim work together to formulate a flat -rate jail contract beginning in 2015. The exact details of this contract are unknown at this time as the three jurisdictions will need to discuss the metrics used in formulating the flat -fee. These are positive steps as the City will have certainty in budgeting for jail costs. Although the recent large escalations in the City's criminal justice costs cannot be attributed solely to the aforementioned changes, these steps would allow the City more control of its jail costs. At the conclusion of the June 24 work session, City staff advised Council we would bring back charging and sentencing guidelines for the Council's consideration. In light of the recent positive events since the work session, staff is recommending no action is taken during tonight's Council meeting on the guidelines. Instead, staff will report back to the Council during the August 19 Council meeting. If the proposed changes are successful, Council may find that the proposed guidelines are not needed. J-2 G"I ELES DATE: July 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works & Utilities Abbi Gates, Human Resources Manager SUBJECT: Changes to the AFSCME Local #1619 Attachment A — Water Treatment Plant Operator Classification and Ranges Summary: Prompted by additional WA Department of Health (DOH) certification requirements for the City's Water Treatment Plant personnel, the City entered into negotiations with AFSCME union representatives. An agreement was reached to modify the Water Treatment Plant Operator's classifications and pay ranges, including the removal of two classifications. Pay range changes would take effect upon plant operators achieving higher certification levels and subsequent greater plant responsibilities. Recommendation: Approve the changes made to Attachment A of the AFSCME union contract. Background/Analysis: The City's new water treatment plant (WTP) is designated as a level IV plant (utilizing surface water or groundwater under the influence of surface water). At least one operator must achieve and maintain a level IV certification to be in compliance with the Department of Health level IV plant requirements. The Level IV certified operator is designated the "certified operator in responsible charge" and must be available on-site or able to be contacted immediately by telephone or other electronic communication 24 hours/day, every day, and be able to initiate appropriate action within two hours of contact. In addition, DOH requires that a level III operator (one level below the certification level of the plant) is on duty at all times the plant is in operation, therefore all other operators must become certified as level III operators. One advantage of plant operators having at least a level III certification is that it provides greater flexibility for operator coverage without call-back, overtime, or paying out -of -class compensation. The City still has the flexibility to provide an in -training process for those employees who are hired into a WTPO position, while they are earning their required certifications. The City has been operating under temporary operator certifications, which expired on 1 July 2014. J -3 Negotiations between staff and the union resulted in the following, to be effective when certifications are achieved: The current WTPO III classification would be changed to Water Treatment Plant Supervisor and would go up two pay ranges from 23 to 25 and would change the requirements of the position to require a level IV certification. The current WTPO II classification would be changed to Water Treatment Plant Operator and would go up two pay ranges from 19 to 21 and would change the requirements of the position to require all operators be certified as a level III. Remove the WTPO - in training, WTPO I and WTPO II classifications. Attachment: Attachment A of AFSCME LOCAL 1619 contract J-4 Attachment A Occupational Job Series, RE: Layoff Procedure: The following classifications are job series and an employee who is layed off may have bumping rights within the job series or if he/she has prior service time with the City in another classification. CLASSIFICATION RANGE Utility Worker 1 14 Utility Worker 11 17 Leadworker 20 Backflow Prevention Inspector 20 WWTP Operator I/OIT 16 WWTP Operator 11 19 WWTP Lab. Specialist 20 WWTP Operator 111 23 WWTP Source Control Coordinator 23 Solid Waste Collection Supervisor 23 V112 2 ft, :I9or, 1.3 Watai II :1 Rt:: Qp.ai 19.. W,q1@112 1 aRt II 2. Wale 112 II :1 PII1 Q ga112 d d I 2. Wauer reaunuenu II':)lanu U221Z 2' 2 wauer reaunuenu II': Il u u : g'ary or 21 Parks Caretaker 14 Parks Facility Caretaker 17 Parks Leadworker 20 GIS CADD Specialist 1 18 GIS CADD Specialist II 22 Engineering Specialist 18 Assistant Civil Engineer 1 20 Assistant Civil Engineer II 28 Civil/Utility Engineer 30 Engineering Project Supervisor 30 Assistant Planner 20 Associate Planner 24 Customer Service Representative 7 Senior CSR 12 Utility Billing Specialist (may bump CSR) 14 Utility Services Coordinator (may bump CSR) 18 Meter Reader 1 12 Meter Reader II 14 Accounting Technician 1 12 Accounting Technician II 14 Accountant 18 Information Support Specialist 18 J -5 Systems Analyst Systems Coordinator 22 28 Administrative Specialist Trainee 7 Admin. Specialist 1 9 Admin. Specialist 11 12 Recreation Coordinator Events Coordinator 17 7 Single Classifications without a job series; generally have no bumping rights to another class unless the layed off employee held prior service in another classification. Custodian 9 Landfill Scale Attendant 7 Permit Technician (CED Dept.) 15 Contract Specialist 20 Recycling Coordinator 20 Electrical Engineering Specialist 1 21 Elect. Eng. Spec. II 23 J -6 DATE: July 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works and Utilities SUBJECT: Equipment Purchase — Solid Waste Refuse Truck Summary: Two of the four Solid Waste refuse trucks are well past their service life cycle and are close to requiring major and costly equipment overhaul. The City has an existing intergovernmental agreement with the City of Tacoma (Tacoma) for cooperative equipment purchases. Tacoma has an ongoing contract with Western Peterbilt (contract 4 ES 14-0170F) for the purchase of refuse trucks. The specifications of this contract match closely the requirements for Port Angeles Solid Waste refuse trucks. Recommendation: Approve the acquisition of one refuse truck from Western Peterbilt, through the Tacoma contract ES14-0170F, and authorize the City Manager to sign the purchase contract for a total price not to exceed $314,703.88 and to make minor modifications to the contract, if necessary. Background/Analysis: The Solid Waste refuse truck city fleet consists of four trucks. The life cycle for these units is 8 years or 10,000 Operating Hours (OH). The two oldest trucks were purchased in 2005 and are now 9 years old with an accumulated 12,000 OH. So far, no major component replacement or rebuild has been done on either of these trucks. However, an engine failure and/or major refuse body/lift rebuild is eminent because of the accumulated hours. The City has an existing intergovernmental agreement with the City of Tacoma for cooperative equipment purchases. Tacoma has an ongoing bid and purchase agreement with Western Peterbilt on contract ES 14-0170F, which was competitively awarded. The specifications of this contract match closely the requirements for Port Angeles Solid Waste refuse trucks. A bid price from Western Peterbilt, through the Tacoma contract, for a refuse truck to match our requirements is $314,703.88 (including taxes). Funds in the amount of $310,000.00 were included in the 2014 budget for the purchase of one truck. The funds beyond the government estimate required for this purchase of $4,703.00 will be covered from savings in other equipment purchases within the same fleet division reserve. One truck is desired for purchase this year through the Tacoma contract. The second truck will be included for replacement in the 2015 budget. The old refuse truck will be recommended for surplus and sale under a separate Council action. It is recommended that Council approve the acquisition of one refuse truck from Western Peterbilt, through the Tacoma contract ES 14-0170F, and authorize the City Manager to sign the purchase contract for a total price not to exceed $314,703.88, and to make minor modifications to the contract, if necessary. N:TCOUNCILTINAUEquipment Purchase - Solid Waste Refuse Truck.docx K-1 thrr) 200 cimenciments; 1,780,80) Financial Analysls Eqtjir)r-r)enf services has sufficient fleet reserves to cover the cosf of the Hook,. Truck aind Packer truck being presented to City Council on 7/15/2014. Current prcjections have projected expenditures under budget by $60,447. K-2 2014 2014 2014 2014 Adj to 2015 Affect on reserves for eoch group Beginning sales & IQ & 2Q Acle tA Estimated Fleet puld Into orignal amend Wa,r[r.,1,0F Fleet Balance turd budget Purchoses Beginning Balance Cornmurify Development 44,055 3,4010, - 47,455 Police (ol divisions) 1,145,000 701,2010 116,000 1,400 151 11,097,649 Fire (alll divisions except ri-iodic 1) 3012,576 121,2010 31,000 (80) 392,856 Finance 16,632 - 16,632 Parks, (all divisions) 370,950 6,400, 46,000 4,600 (29) 326,779 IT 24,659 - 24,659 Medic 1 216,996 31,500 190,000 58,496 Conservaflon 6,921 1,700 - 8,621 Street 694,949 1119,900 360,000 22,000 651G'9 426,330, Electric (all divisions) 531,822 95,900 40,000 201,600 386,122 Water 256,785 38,350 68,000 2,200 (2,982) 227,917 Wastewater 624,363 63,600 210,000 477,963 Solid Waste (frf stn) 149,777 9,700 150,000 (62,603) 72,0180 Somidl Waste (collecfionJi 660,0153 1125,500 310,000 475,553, Equipment Services 38,773 28,000 (1,424) 12,197 5,084,31 1 687,350 1,518,000 262,800 (60 447) 4,051,3017 thrr) 200 cimenciments; 1,780,80) Financial Analysls Eqtjir)r-r)enf services has sufficient fleet reserves to cover the cosf of the Hook,. Truck aind Packer truck being presented to City Council on 7/15/2014. Current prcjections have projected expenditures under budget by $60,447. K-2 GELES DATE: July 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P. E., Director of Public Works & Utilities SUBJECT: Eclipse Feeder Upgrade, Project CL01-2006, Award Contract to Cannon Construction, Inc. Summary: This project is to install an underground main feed along Highway 101 from Fairmont to C -Street Extension to allow A -Street Substation to provide additional capacity for the Western Urban Growth Area. Recommendation: 1) authorize transfer of $40,000 within the 2014 funding account (451-7188-594.65-10) from project CL01-2013 (Substation Fencing) to project CL01-2006 (Eclipse Feeder Upgrade); 2) award and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with Cannon Construction of Milton, WA, in the amount of $235,895.74, including tax, for the Eclipse Feeder Upgrade, and to make minor modifications if necessary. Background/Analysis: Only one feeder from F -Street Substation currently supplies electricity to the Fairmont residential area, Eclipse Industrial Park, and customers along Highway 101 on the west side of town. This area is on the edge of the City limits and has no good backup electricity alternative should that one feeder or F -Street substation fail. The installation of this additional underground feeder will provide a backup/redundant source of power from the A -Street Substation in case there are issues with the F -Street Substation (the City's oldest substation). The extended feeder from the A -Street Substation will provide increased reliability, redundancy, and capacity for existing commercial and residential customers in the Fairmont area, and for future growth in the Western UGA. Bids were solicited from all the contractors on the Small Works Roster. Eight bids were received and opened on June 20, 2014. The lowest responsible bid received was from Cannon Construction of Milton, WA. The following table shows a summary of the bids with sales tax included: Contractor Bid Cannon Construction, Milton, WA $ 235,895.74 Salish Construction, Tacoma, WA $ 244,595.00 American Electrical Services, Buckley, WA $ 247,321.10 Potelco Inc., Sumner, WA $ 255,057.40 CTS Northwest, Shoreline, WA $ 269,916.00 K-3 July 15, 2014 City Council Re: Eclipse Feeder Upgrade, Project CLO1-2006 Page 2 Magnum Power, La Center, WA $ 318,696.00 Michels Power, Tumwater, WA $ 366,434.93 Colvico, Inc., Spokane, WA $ 388,838.24 Engineer's Estimate $ 200,000.00 Funding for this project was identified in the 2014 Electric Utility capital budget in the total amount of $200,000 (451-7188-594.65-10) for construction. In order to support awarding this project, staff recommends transferring 2014 budget in the amount of $40,000 from Substation Fencing, Project 4CLOT-2013. The estimate for project CLOT -2013 has come in at a lower cost so that $40,000 is available for transfer to project CLO l -2006. It is recommended that City Council: 1) authorize transfer of $40,000 within the 2014 funding account (451-7188-594.65-10) from proj ect CLO 1-2013 to proj ect CLO l -2006; 2) award and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with Cannon Construction of Milton, WA, in the amount of $235,895.74, including tax, for the Eclipse Feeder Upgrade, and to make minor modifications if necessary. N:ACCOUNCIL\FINAL\Eclipse Feeder Upgrade CLO 1-2006.docx K-4 CLOI06 VVO#126375 Acct# 451-7188-594.,65.10 L'CLIPSE INDUSTRIAL PARK INCREASE CAPACITY- C1O106 Construction; 12 Sitkum Tree Specialist PO 23585 4,932.20 12 Magnum Power P024184 179,036.83 7"1 Cmmotl TOTAL PROJECT EXPENDITURES 419,864,77 1 FUNDING PLAN (RESOURCES): Electric rotes 2012 - Phase 1 180,000.00 I'mas,fe(Imm CL0113 fenc.ing 2011 40,000,00 Electric ratem 2014 - Phase 2 TOTAL PROJECT RESOURCES /FUNDS 420,000.00 1 Funding to Identify (135,23) .............. ---------------------------- ,'""""-,........... Rebuilding overhead and installation of 1SkV imcferground cable to Provide o seconni feed to Eclipse. h7dostrial ------------- Pork. - Th -is -h; -a -two-ph-as-e p-roject-s-t-a-r-tir-ig-in 2012.�and schedWedfor completion in 2012 Note Fincirce conajrs the arnoun[ is (jv(ji I abk,, [o hransfer fi orn I he CLO 13 Proc I (is shc.)wn b(rr,,Iow, CL01 13 WO#175993 Acct1# 451.7188-594-6510 TION FENCING ConstruCLion., 20.14 Engineers e5tin,u7te 60,000,00 2014 W'dwe, e5tifnor Isms CC Mvillo (40,000,00) TOTAL PROJECI EXPENDITURES 20,000M FUNDING PLAN (RESOURCES)., 2014 Electric Rotes 60,000.00 2014 ttamfi,!r (zu1j)(m rv) I TO TAI, P ROJECT RESOURCES IFUNDS 20,000.00 Funding to Identify ----------- ....... ------------- Rento-ce- secci-r-otyfen-c-ii-i,g-oy,o�-u,-nd-the -s-u-bsiotio-ns-,... K-5 DATE: July 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works and Utilities SUBJECT: Landfill Cell Stabilization Project, Project SW02-2012, Change Order #2, Magnus Pacific Corporation Summary: The Landfill Cell Stabilization Project was awarded with the expectation that refuse relocation services would not be taxed, as is the case for material relocation contracts. A May 16, 2014 consultation with tax attorneys from Moss -Adams concluded that the relocation services under this contract would require full retail taxes. This requires a change order to the contract. Recommendation: Approve and authorize the City Manager to sign change order #2 to the Landfill Cell Stabilization project with Magnus Pacific Corporation in the amount of $210,400.49 increasing the total contract amount to $13,297,026.11. Background/Analysis: The Landfill Cell Stabilization Project was awarded with the expectation that refuse relocation services would not be taxed, as is the case for material relocation contracts. A May 16, 2014 consultation with tax attorneys from Moss -Adams concluded that the relocation services under this contract would require full retail taxes. In accordance with RCW 82.04.051, a contract or agreement under which a person is responsible for both, (1) services that would otherwise be subject to tax as a service under RCW 82.04.290(2), and also (2) constructing, building, repairing, improving, or decorating activities that would otherwise be subject to tax under another section of this chapter, is subject to the tax that applies to the predominant activity under the contract or agreement. Since the predominant activity of the Landfill Cell Stabilization Project is construction, all activities under the contract require full retail taxes to be paid. As a result of this, the $2,490,303.40 of relocation services in bid items A81 through A84 require taxes to be added into the contract. The tax amount for this is $209,185.49. Because the contract amount will increase, there is also a commensurate increase in the payment and performance bond of $1,215. The total amount of this change order is $210,400.49. Funds are available in the amount of $1,962,994 of contingency funding reserved for this project, as approved by Council. It is noted that Change Order 41 was a no -cost administrative change order to include additional permit information. It is recommended that Council approve and authorize the City Manager to sign change order 42 to the Landfill Cell Stabilization project with Magnus Pacific Corporation in the amount of $210,400.49 increasing the total contract amount to $13,297,026.11. M\CCOUNCILTINAL\Landfill Cell Stabiilzation Construction Contract Project SW02-2012, Change Order 2.docx K-6 DATE: July 15, 2014 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works and Utilities SUBJECT: Award 2014 Power Line Tree Trimming Contract/ Project #LO -14-018 Summary: The City must trim trees annually to keep them a safe distance from power lines. An inspection of the power lines in June 2014 confirmed a need to trim many trees before winter. Recommendation: Approve and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with Elliott's Tree Care, LLC for 2014 Tree Trimming, Project #LO -14-018, at the rate of $207.00 per hour, in an amount not to exceed $100,000.00, and to make minor modifications to the agreement, if necessary. Background/Analysis: The City must trim trees annually to keep them a safe distance from power lines and to minimize tree caused outages that normally occur during storms. An inspection of the power system in June, 2014 confirmed a need to trim trees in proximity to the power lines and prioritized areas of greatest need. Light Operations 2014 maintenance budget includes $100,000 for tree trimming. Bids were solicited from all tree trimming companies on the Small Works Roster. Two companies responded: Bidder Crew Cost per Hour Elliott's Tree Care, Ephrata, WA $207.00 Asplundh Tree Expert Co., Kenmore, WA $209.88 Elliott's Tree Care is a four-year old company that has not previously worked in Port Angeles. However, they have all the required certifications and insurance, and have performed satisfactorily for other utilities in central Washington. This contract complies with the State's prevailing hourly wage rates and is based on the total rate per hour for a three-man crew, including a flagger as needed, with lift truck, chipper, and all other necessary equipment to perform the work. The hourly crew rate has no additional mobilization cost. For comparison, the hourly price for an Asplundh three-man crew and equipment in 2013 was $205.15. The contract has a cumulative amount not to exceed $100,000. It is recommended that Council approve and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with Elliott's Tree Care, LLC, for 2014 Tree Trimming, Project 9LO-14-018, at the rate of $207.00 per hour, not to exceed $100,000.00, and to make minor modifications to the agreement, if necessary. N:ACC0UNCIL\FINAL\2014 Power Line Tree Trimming Contract.doc K-7 -7188-533-4810 Costs or Resources -- Detail TRIMMING CONTRACT LO -14-018 Elliott's Tree Care, Ephrata, WA (not to exceed) 100,000 TOTAL PROJECT EXPENDITURES PROJECT FUNDING PLAN (RESOURCES): Electric Operations 2014 Budgeted 100,000 TOTAL PROJECT RESOURCES / FUNDS Funding to Iden Finance concurrs the amount is fully budgeted in 401-7180-533-4810 line 2 1 14FI MISC BUILDING REPAIRS SERVICES 2,000 2 14FI POWER LINE TREE TRIMMING SERVICES 100,000 3 14FI MINOR EQUIP REPAIR SERVICES WELDING,ETC 3,000 4 14FI SUBSTATION LANDSCAPE MAINTENANCE SERVICES 23,000 5 14FI MORSE CREEK MAINT/REPAIR SERVICE 15,000 6 14FI SUBSTATION MAINT/REPAIR SERVICES (AS NEEDED) 15,000 7 14FI TSM COMP SIGNAL INSPECTION SERVICES 2,500 8 14FI PCB SERVICES (TESTING,DISPOSAL,SUPPLIES) 15,000 9 14FI EXCAVATION AND TRENCHING - CONTRACTORS 5,000 10 14FI TESTING OF INSULATED EQUIPMENT 4,000 11 14FI POLE TESTING AND TREATMENT (ONE-TIME EXPENSE) 50,000 12 14FI 7/18/13 GAC TOTAL It K-8 DATE: July 15, 2014 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works and Utilities SUBJECT: Equipment Purchase — Container Hook Truck Summary: The City's Waste Water Division operates a container hook truck that is past its life cycle and should be replaced. The City of Port Angeles (City) has an intergovernmental agreement with the City of Tacoma (Tacoma). Tacoma has an ongoing bid and purchase with Western Peterbilt, on contract ES 14-0170F, for a container truck that meets the specifications for the truck required by the City. Recommendation: Approve the purchase of one container hook truck from Western Peterbilt, through the Tacoma contract ES14-0170F, and authorize the City Manager to sign the contract for a total price not to exceed $228,256.83, and to make minor modifications to the contract, if necessary. Background/Analysis: The City's Waste Water Division operates a container hook truck to move and empty the grit box at the waste water plant and the decant boxes situated at the transfer station site. On occasion, they also transport and empty refuse drop boxes for the other Public Works divisions. The existing truck is 18 years old, several years past its 15 year life cycle, and has accumulated 9,045 operational hours. The engine and transmission are showing signs of eminent failure and the 60,000 lb. hook lift is showing metal fatigue. The City has an intergovernmental agreement with the City of Tacoma for cooperative purchases. Tacoma has an ongoing bid and purchase agreement with Western Peterbilt on contract ES14-017OF which was competitively awarded. A bid price from Western Peterbilt through the Tacoma contract, for a container hook truck to match our requirements, is $228,256.83 (including taxes). $210,000.00 was included as a government estimate in the 2014 budget for purchase of a replacement hook truck. The funds required beyond the government estimate for this purchase of $18,256.83 will be covered from savings in other 2014 equipment purchases within the same fleet division reserve. The old container hook truck will be recommended for surplus and sale under a separate Council action. It is recommended that Council approve the purchase of one container hook truck from Western Peterbilt, through the Tacoma contract ES 14-0170F, and authorize the City Manager to sign the contract for a total price not to exceed $228,256.83, and to make minor modifications to the contract, if necessary. M\CCOUNCILTINAL\Equipment Purchase - Container Hook Truck.docx K-9 thrr) 200 cimenciments; 1,780,80) Financial Analysls Eqtjir)r-r)enf services has sufficient fleet reserves to cover the cosf of the Hook,. Truck aind Packer truck being presented to City Council on 7/15/2014. Current prcjections have projected expenditures under budget by $60,447. K-10 2014 2014 2014 2014 Adj to 2015 Affect on reserves for eoch group Beginning sales & IQ & 2Q Acle tA Estimated Fleet puld Into orignal amend Wa,r[r.,1,0F Fleet Balance turd budget Purchoses Beginning Balance Cornmurify Development 44,055 3,4010, - 47,455 Police (ol divisions) 1,145,000 701,2010 116,000 1,400 151 11,097,649 Fire (alll divisions except ri-iodic 1) 3012,576 121,2010 31,000 (80) 392,856 Finance 16,632 - 16,632 Parks, (all divisions) 370,950 6,400, 46,000 4,600 (29) 326,779 IT 24,659 - 24,659 Medic 1 216,996 31,500 190,000 58,496 Conservaflon 6,921 1,700 - 8,621 Street 694,949 1119,900 360,000 22,000 651G'9 426,330, Electric (all divisions) 531,822 95,900 40,000 201,600 386,122 Water 256,785 38,350 68,000 2,200 (2,982) 227,917 Wastewater 624,363 63,600 210,000 477,963 Solid Waste (frf stn) 149,777 9,700 150,000 (62,603) 72,0180 Somidl Waste (collecfionJi 660,0153 1125,500 310,000 475,553, Equipment Services 38,773 28,000 (1,424) 12,197 5,084,31 1 687,350 1,518,000 262,800 (60 447) 4,051,3017 thrr) 200 cimenciments; 1,780,80) Financial Analysls Eqtjir)r-r)enf services has sufficient fleet reserves to cover the cosf of the Hook,. Truck aind Packer truck being presented to City Council on 7/15/2014. Current prcjections have projected expenditures under budget by $60,447. K-10 4�1 W, 8 7 6 Lu 0 3 9 Lu > 2 0 WATER DEMAND LAST YEAR TO DATE 02013 mm 2014 ......... .... 2.17 MONTH (FT) 2.32 SEWER SYSTEM JETTED 10,576 NON METERED HYDRANT WATER Gallons �SYSTEM TV INSPECTED 3,780 RAINFALL 1. FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DE n2013 112014 -10YearAverage ............... ............... ............... ............... RAINFALL DATA (inchesj' 10 YR AVG. TOTAL TO DATE 11.99 (THIS YR TO DATE 16.02 M-1 —U—E—REP-2014 --4 70 60 W 50 a� cl)x J Y 40 U p = 30 F U� Lu J 20 W 10 0 I 60 70 60 W a. ^ 50 LL F N 0 40 W d 30 W u F 20 10 0 ELECTRICAL USAGE 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 ©2013 ®2014 f THIS YEAR TO DATE (M Kwh)I 60.0131 TEMPERATURE PUBLIC WORKS & UTILITIES DEPARTMENT QUARTERLY REPORT Responded to 20 customer service requests Repaired 13 water service leaks, Performed 272 utility locates Repaired 2 water main breaks, Assisted contracters as needed Replaced 5 water meters, Performed 186 utility locates Performed required Deptartment of Health testing Repaired or replaced 2 fire hydrant Fire hydrant / water main flushing - 777,860 gallons Water loss due to leaks - 671,420 gallons Unplugged 1 non -city sewer lines and 1 city lines, 6 Vactor loads to Decant facility Assisted Light Operations with 3 pole installations & removal of 2 light standards Repaired pump at Pump Station 13, Unplugged 5 pumps at Pump Station 4 Raised m/h at Orcas/Lopez e/o Vine and at Fairmont/Glenwood Worked on TV camera, Demoed Medium Axis nozzle with Owen Equip rep Assisted WWTP crew with belt press, Assisted stormwater unplug storm line Assisted Parks in finding septic tank at Lincoln Park, Forklift training Cleaned O/W separator at wash rack, Picked up TV van from Gresham, OR Repaired fence at Pump Station 4 damaged in vehicle accident Attended Short School in Lynnwood and Pumps 101 in Sequim WASTEWATER TREATMENT NPDES monthly reports and pretreatment results submitted to Ecology Worked with local dischargers on pretreatment issues Performed process control on secondary treatment system Completed monthly O & M on leachate collection and treatment systems Conducted CSO inspections in compliance with Pollution Prevention Plan Worked with TSI staff on new SCADA installation work Conducted biannual PALF groundwater & 2nd qtr pretreatment & WET sampling Attended Air Release Valve training, Tested CSO flush system for surge tank Replaced 8 inch grinder for sludge dewatering; Fixed Penn Valley sludge pump Recalibrated ISCO sewer monitors and installed CSO 12 flow monitor Replaced belt press feed pump rotor and stator, Collected CSO overflow samples Constructed & installed seal water lines & manifolds for gravity thickener & digester EQUIPMENT SERVICES Received 672 John Deere grader for Streets and 962 Cat loader for Solid Waste Received Hyundai Sonata Hybrid pool car and 44 cargo van for Light Ops Received 44 1/2 ton P/U for Water and John Deere Gator for Cemetery Used 22,839 gallons of diesel fuel citywide and 25,233 gallons of unleaded Commercial Repairs - Parts $52,160 and Labor $54,490 2516 Total mechanic hours billed for 1/1/14 to 6/30/14 Completed 643 job orders, Cost of parts used was $126,785 LIGHT OPERATIONS Repaired 10 street lights Performed 21 service connections Performed 535 electrical inspections Completed 294 utility locates Large projects this quarter included: Pole Replacements completed A Street substation transformer design ongoing Submitted quarterly reports to Clallam County Environmental Health Attended Landfill Post -Closure quarterly meeting, L & I Inspection Attended Joint Solid Waste Advisory Board meeting, Rec'd new 300 & 90 gal container: Attended Public Works & Utilities quarterly safety training, Compost Operations Plan Updating Clallam County Comprehensive Solid Waste Management Plan Attended Waste Connections quarterly meeting and PW & U Safety meeting Submitted Industrial Stormwater DMR, Purchased 300 & 90 gallon containers Conducted post -closure monthly inspections at the Landfill, Compost testing Vegetation control -emphasis on pruning trees for sweeper access along curbs (major to Removed build up on shoulders of Hwy 101 and 117 in the WUGA - major task Misc jetting/repair/tracing of stormlines in known problem areas or by request Completed thermoplastic lane marking installation and maintenance citywide Quarterly Corp Yard SWPPP inspection, Misc. catch basin repairs Replaced raised pavement markers (centerline buttons), Patched potholes citywide Cut brush that impedes visibility of signs throughout the City Citywide-mowed/graded/graveled/ground/educted/swept/applied herbicide Performed stormwater sampling and tracing at various locations as requested Continued street name sign changeout, Trip and fall repair due to notifications Provided asphalt and concrete repairs for Water, Solid Waste, & Light Ops Divisions Street sweeping citywide - including on the Waterfront Trail Cleaned 8th Street bridges - pressure washed - major task, Graveled WFT for Parks General sign, building, and key maintenance, and curb painting - citywide Dead animal control citywide; Adopt a Highway and illegal dump trash pick up Crack sealed Chambers St., Hill St., Lauridsen Blvd., Francis St., and Eunice St. Repaired sinkhole at 9th and Eunice, Repaired crosswalk at First and Lincoln Streets Peabody Creek IDDE resolved - major issue, Provided traffic control for bike parade Responded to illicit discharge detection and elimination (IDDE) events FEMA Proj (Tumwater St retaining wall/complete, Ediz Hook rip -rap repair/construction) Vern Burton Roof Replacement / design, 18th St Reconstruction / design CSO Phase 1 Project / substantially complete, CSO Monitoring / ongoing Streamkeepers Monitoring / ongoing, Sewer Inspection and Maintenance / ongoing Industrial Wastewater Plant outfall repair/ construction CSO Phase 2 / design, 4th Street Stormwater Improvements / construction Pole Replacements / complete, Francis St Stormwater Outfall Repair/design & permittin Sewer Trestle at 8th and Francis Streets Repair / complete A St. Substation Transformer / design, Green LID alleys / pre -design Morse Creek Hydro SCADA Improvements / final testing on hold Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) / construction Decant Facility / pre -design, Peabody Water Quality Retrofit / pre -design Marine Drive Water Main/ design, City Hall HVAC Renovation /design Septage Receiving Station / preliminary design, Pump Station 3 / preliminary design Wastewater SCADA System Replacement / construction Biennial Sewer Line Replacement and I and I Reduction / design Lauridsen Bridge Replacement / complete, Landfill Cell Stabilization / construction M -3 NGELES COUNCIL DATE: JULY 15, 2014 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: ABBI GATES, HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGER SUBJECT: Association of Washington Cities (AWC) WellCity Award Summary: The AWC WellCity Award recognizes the City's wellness accomplishments throughout the year and awards a 2% reduction in medical premiums for AWC coverage eligible employees and spouses. In 2013 the City applied for and received the 2014 WellCity Award (2% reduction is applied in 2015). Through commitment from elected officials, management and staff toward the wellness program the City has received the award in previous years as well; 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014. With the 2% reduction in 2014 (from the 2013 award) there is a savings on medical premiums of over $54,000 per year shared between the City and the employees. We expect a similar savings in 2015. Recommendation: This memo is for informational purposes only. Attachment: AWC WellCity Award Letter from AWC Chief Executive Officer Mike McCarty. M-4 June 2014 iID Abbigail Gates i, I City of Port Angeles JUN 2 4 2014 PO Box 1150 Port Angeles, WA 98362 CITY OF POEN ANGELES Dear Abbigail, Congratulations on earning the 2014 AWC Employee Benefit Trust WeIlCity Award! City of Port Angeles is one of 96 cities and quasi -municipal entities that have earned the Trust's WeIlCity Award. You'll also receive a 2% premium discount on your medical premiums in 2015. Award materials Your WeIlCity Award road sign, 2014 year plate, window clings and wellness committee certificates are attached. Remember to affix your 2014 plate to your WeIlCity Award plaque, showing your continuing health promotion efforts. Remember to reapply each year to maintain your WeIlCity status and 2% discount. WeIlCity recognition Be sure to read the May/June issue of Cityvision magazine and look for the ad celebrating WeIlCities — it's right on the back cover. A banner showcasing WeIlCities was displayed at the AWC Annual Conference, and will be displayed at Member Programs Expo and Healthy Worksite Summit. The Annual Conference Awards Breakfast featured a WeIlCity video and slideshow. The enclosed WeIlCity brochures feature those that earned the Award. We've included some extras for you to share with your council and wellness committee, or to display in your lobby. You can access the WeIlCity press release template on our website in the Trust's members only Wellness/WellCity Awards section. It takes commitment Employers play a vital role in building a workplace that supports healthy behaviors. Earning the WeIlCity Award takes a commitment by your elected officials, management and staff. The comprehensive requirements reflect a broad-based strategy supporting employee health and productivity resulting in reduced health care costs. Thank you for your commitment to employee health and the leadership you have shown among Washington cities and towns and across the nation. Your wellness program is a model for others to emulate. If you need additional certificates, window clings or brochures, contact Laura Langston at laural(o7,awcnet.org. Sin c ely, c Mike McCa y Chief Executive Officer cc: Dan Di Guilio, Mayor Dan McKeen, City Manager M-5 DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BUILDING DIVISION MONTHY PERMIT REPORT JUNE 2014 CATEGORY JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. 2014 YTD 2013 YTD RESIDENTIAL -NEW MODULAR/MANUF, C '. 1 - :.. 1 2 Value _ _ � � _ _ _. � _ _ $90,000 $90,000 $75,000 15 12 Value $969,352 $145,139 $145,145 ._..-4 $585,241 $445,270 '.. $2,285,147 $1,931,214 MULTI -FAMILY Value _ _ _ _ _ ..: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ACCESSORIES ,., ,..... 1 1..... 2...: L 3-, „ 9 7 Value . $29,160 _ _..... $43,000 $68,444 ..... _..... $58,740 ...". $32,280 $231,624 $165,140 COMMERCIAL -NEW RETAIL _.._. '. _._ ..... _..... _ _ _ Value$450,000 _._ _,,-._.,-._ .., .-,..__. .... _.-,:„. -.._.. HOTEL/MOTEL ,., Value _ _ _ _ _ _ _ OFFICE _..( _..;-._._-._.,-._ '. _._ !, 1 ..... _..... _ _ _ Value$100,000 _._ _. ._. _._ _._ _... ._._ .._. ._ ._.._.. ._.._. _.._ _.._. .-,..__. .._,._..._ _.-,:,; -.._.. _. DRINKING/DINING Value .., AUTO/SERVICE ,., Value _ _ INDUSTRIAL _ 1 ', „ 1 3 Value ..... $150,000 _ $150,000 $235,439 PUBLIC - NEW Value$6,048 $6,048 CHURCHES , Value _ RECREATION ,., Value --- -- � -- - --- REPAIR & ALT. ,_ RESIDENTIAL 23 38 25 25 38 ', 193 164 Value ..... .... $220,260 . $447,418 _L4 $262,347 $156,649 $110,786 ._..... $214,972 $1,412,427 $1,154,588 10 8 15 14 68 63 Value $42,900 $134,573 $212,278 $410,428 $775,861 ._..... _'' $297,309 '.. $1,873,344 $1,609,046 PUBLIC Value DEMOLITION /MOVE _ 1 1 l ', „ 3 6 ..... Value ..... $1,500 _ $11,000 _....1 $1,000 _ $13,500 $26,300 TOTALS BUILDING PERMITS ....._....._....._....._....._....._....._.... 39 ....._....._....._..... ...._....._....._....._.... 52 57 ....._....._....._..... ....._....._....._....._.... 37 47 ....._....._....._..... 59 ....._....._....._....._..._....._....._...._.........._....._....._....._..._....._....._....._.........._....._...._....._..._....._....._....._..... ..... _....._....._....._ 291 259 CONSTRUCTION VALUE $1,379,012 $611,151 $673,764 $870,661 $1,531,628 $995,874 $6,062,090 $5,746,727 BUILDING PERMITS FEE $23,780 $13,260 $13,132 $13,584 $24,682 $20,035 $108,473 $95,630 �CERTIFiCATE OF OCCUPANCY 6 2 5 1 3 3 4 1 23 32 *Certificate of Occupancy applications for new or relocated businesses. 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M., ve U d in 4J a� 41 H 44U =O O u fVd per,• Q Cd rn _ 30 2 > c � L -DE L 4.+ N o M � m = L iii = u 4J � _ L O N_ = = O N � &- O i O N d o s cliH L a u u _ O c (o m � a) i c N um�� E a� L uv) (d C C 4 v =v •L � •� (fid N � Cd Cd N s s s s s u u u u u aM. M., ve U d in 4J 41 H 44U =O O u fVd per,• Q Cd rn _ 30 2 > c � L -DE L 4.+ N o M � m = L iii = u 4J � _ L O N_ = = O N � &- O i O N d o s cliH L a u u _ O c (o m � a) i c N Ln I o N 'D I 'O N N N C N E Cd u N 4J VCd c H L G c s n. C'4 c E 41} E = N N (CJ O N = O u of +' W y� N c R7 E 'O ._ 4J u m 4J •H � � C OEc O O 1-J N 4J = tw C w bA Q o$ 3: o� I H 44U =O N c cd u Q u u L- ao� C s h m u (D � W u u L- O > L� um�� U 3 4 -)•cd L 3 " u =v 4 v =v � N � � (n N s s s s s u u u u u Ln I o N 'D I 'O N N N C N E Cd u N 4J VCd c H L G c s n. 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