The URL can be used to link to this page

Home My WebLink AboutAgenda Packet 08/04/2015 . P,OR' ' ; N � � CITY COUNCIL MEETING 321 East 5t Street W A S H I N G T o N, U. S. A. August 4, 2015 ... "IV SPECIAL MEETING — 5:30 p.m. REGULAR MEETING — 6:00 p.m. The Mayor may determine the order of business for a particular City Council meeting. The agenda should be arranged to best serve the needs and/or convenience of the Council and the public. Mayor to determine time of break. The items of business for regular Council meetings may include the following: A. CALL TO ORDER - SPECIAL MEETING AT 5:30 P.M.—Executive Session under authority ofRCW 42.30.110(1)(i), to discuss potential litigation with legal counsel. CALL TO ORDER -REGULAR MEETING AT 6:00 P.M. B. ROLL CALL PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE CEREMONIAL MATTERS Recognize Leslie Robertson for her outreach to Chattanooga, TN. C. PUBLIC COMMENT - D. LATE ITEMS TO BE PLACED ON THIS OR FUTURE AGENDAS - E. CONSENT AGENDA/Approve 1. City Council Minutes:July 7, 2015........................................................................................................................................E-1 2. Expenditure Approval List:From 7111 115 to 7124115 in the amount of$3,525,260.42 ........................................................E-6 G. ORDINANCES NOT REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS 1. Budget Amendment 42/Conduct second reading................................................................................................................G-1 H. RESOLUTIONS NOT REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS 1. Resolution in support of potential future consolidation of PenCom/JeffCom ......................................................................H-1 2. Fluoride ................................................................................................................................................................................H-6 Mayor to determine time of break/Hearing devices available for those needing assistance. August 4, 2015 Port Angeles City Council Meeting Page - 1 L OTHER CONSIDERATIONS 1. Drought update—Approval for declaration of Stage 3............................................................................................................I-1 2. Port Angeles Landfill Stabilization—Reassign Lab Testing Services ...................................................................................I-3 J. FINANCE 1. 18"'Street Reconstruction,Project TR16-99 ..........................................................................................................................J-1 K. COUNCIL REPORTS - L. INFORMATION City Manager Reports: 1. Public Works&Utilities Quarterly Consultant Report..........................................................................................................L-1 2. Economic Development Council—Second Quarter Report...................................................................................................L-17 3. Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce—Second Quarter Report.............................................................................L-27 M. EXECUTIVE SESSION N. SECOND PUBLIC COMMENT O. ADJOURNMENT - Note: There were no items on this agenda for section F. PUBLIC HEARINGS Public hearings are set by the City Council in order to meet legal requirements. In addition, the City Council may set a public hearing in order to receive public input prior to making decisions, which impact the citizens. Certain matters may be controversial, and the City Council may choose to seek public opinion through the public hearing process. Mayor to determine time of break/Hearing devices available for those needing assistance. August 4, 2015 Port Angeles City Council Meeting Page -2 PUBLIC INTEREST SIGN-UP SHEET • PORTANGELES CITY COUNCIL SPECIAL MEETING :-= W A S H I N G T O N, U. S. A. DATE OF MEETING: August 4, 2015 LOCATION: City Council Chambers You are encouraged to sign below if: 1. You are here to listen to the City Council discussion on a particular agenda item; 2. You want to speak during the Public Comment period of the agenda. If several members of the public are interested in a particular agenda item, the Mayor may move that item so it is discussed earlier in the meeting. Also, the Mayor may use the information provided to organize the Public Comment period. During the Public Comment portion of the meeting, the Mayor will invite citizens to talk with the Council about topics that are not scheduled for public testimony on the evening's agenda. Prior to the start of the "Public Comment" portion of the public hearing, all persons wishing to be heard are asked to sign in with the Clerk, giving their names and addresses, and topic. The Mayor may arrange the order of speakers so that testimony is heard in the most logical groupings. To allow time for the Council to complete its legislative agenda, comments should be limited to no more than 3 minutes per person and a total of 15 minutes for this comment period. At the discretion of the Mayor,these time periods may be lengthened or shortened. Following any public comment,the Mayor may allow time, limited to five minutes, for response from City Council members and/or City staff. No speaker may convey or donate his or her time for speaking to another speaker. If many people wish to speak to a particular issue, the Mayor may limit the total amount of time dedicated to that single issue. Written comments may be submitted into the record of a Council meeting by presenting the written document to the Clerk prior to the meeting, in which case a copy of the document will be provided to each Council Member, but the document will not be read aloud; or a document may be distributed to the City Council, with a copy to the Clerk, by a speaker while the speaker is addressing the Council. f?I1 ^:� ;fir C)hv(�� %N FOYl N G:\Group\Clerk\Forms\Council Attendance Roster.doc PUBLIC INTEREST SIGN-UP SHEET Y N N 1A. cn�ty < -77 P, N C)N N NL�-)Cv"q iZ4 QE 0�1 / ok I ON I C N Y) Y/N �AV L N 0 (IIN YJ/N N leo �jo N Y /N N y Li oto Y/O L- 6 kz i;? P,�(oo- �il O(Ar &)l N Y, Y t�) G:\Group\Clerk\Foniis\Council Attendance Roster.doc PUBLIC INTEREST SIGN-UP SHEET t_6 if P Z) Y /N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y /N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y /N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y/N Y /N Y /N Y /N G:\Group\Clerk\Fonns\Council Attendance Roster.doc f A rational approach � x� to controver5iol public policy issuesx 50 Reasons to Oppose Fluoridation Dr. Paul Connett - Professor of Chemistry c ' ' St. Lawrence University, NY 13617 18 4tjijt . .. 315-229-5853 Y video cr worthnet.or a 1) Fluoride is not an essential nutrient. No disease 3 S 4 has ever been linked to a fluoride deficiency. Humans can have perfectly good teeth without fluoride. F � r a 2) Fluoridation is not necessary. Most Western European countries are not fluoridated and have experienced the same decline in dental decay as the US (see data from World Health Organization on levels of F fi G tooth decay in Europe, US, New Zealand, and Australia in f A Yrdtx 11. 3) Fluoridation's role in the decline of tooth decay is in serious doubt. The largest survey ever conducted in the US (over 39,000 children from 84 communities) by the National Institute of Dental Research showed little difference in tooth decay among children in fluoridated and non-fluoridated communities ( iican,�1989 ando 1990). According to the NIDR's statisticians, the study found an average difference of only 0.6 DMFS (Decayed Missing and Filled Surfaces) in the permanent teeth of children aged 5-17 residing in either fluoridated or unfluoridated areas (Brunelle and Carlos, 1990). This difference is less than one tooth surface! There are 128 0 tooth surfaces in a child's mouth. 4) Where fluoridation has been c is '+ n inucd in communities from Canada, the former East Germany, Cuba and Finland, dental decay has not increased but has actually decreased (Maupome et al, 2001; Kunzel and Fischer,1997,2000; Kunzel et al, 2000 and Seppa et al, 2000). 5) One of the early trials which helped to launch fluoridation took place in Newburgh, NY, with Kingston, NY as the control community. After 10 years of this trial (which was methodologically flawed), it looked as if there was a large decrease in dental caries in the fluoridated community compared to the non-fluoridated community. However, when children were re-examined in these two cities in 1995 (50 years after the trial began) there was practically no difference in the dental decay in the two communities. If anything, the teeth in unfluoridated Kingston were slightly better (Kumar and Green 1998). 6) Modern research (e.g. Dicsc idorf',, 1986; �Iozn 1997, and De Lief de, 1998) shows that decay rates were coming down before fluoridation was introduced and have continued to decline even after its benefits would have been maximized. Many other factors influence tooth decay. Studies in India (Teotia and Teotia, 1994) and Tuczon, Arizona (Steelink, 1992) have shown that tooth decay actually increases as the fluoride concentration in the water increases. 7) Leading dental researchers (Levine, 1976; Fejerskov, Thylstrup and Larsen, 1981; Carlos, 1983; Featherstone, 1987, 1999, 2000; Margolis and Moreno, 1990; Clark, 1993; Burt, 1994; Shellis and Duckworth, 1994 and Limeback, 1999, 2000), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 1999) are now acknowledging that the mechanism of fluoride's benefits are mainly TOPICAL not SYSTEMIC. Thus, you don't have to swallow fluoride to protect teeth. As the benefits of fluoride (if they exist) are topical, and the risks are all systemic, it makes more sense, for those who want to take the risks, to deliver the fluoride directly to the tooth in the form of toothpaste. Since swallowing fluoride is unnecessary, there is no reason to force people (against their will) to drink fluoride in their water suppy. (All the reference for "topical versus systemic benefits"are listed as a group in the reference section). 8) The US fluoridation program has massively failed to achieve one of its key objectives, i.e. to lower dental decay rates while minimizing dental fluorosis (mottled and discolored enamel). The goal of the early promoters of fluoridation was to limit dental fluorosis (in its mildest form) to 10% of children (NRC, 1993, pp. 6-7). The percentage of children with dental fluorosis in optimally fluoridated areas is up to EIGHT TIMES this goal (Williams, 1990; Lalumandier, 1995; Heller, 1997 and Morgan, 1998). The York Rev cw estimates that up to 48% of children in optimally fluoridated areas have dental fluorosis in all forms and up to 12.5% in the mild to severe forms (McDonagh, 2000). 9) Dental fluorosis means that a child has been overdosed on fluoride. While the mechanism by which the enamel is damaged is not definitively known, it appears fluorosis may be a result of either inhibited enzymes in the growing teeth (Dan Besten 1999), or through fluoride's interference with the thyroid gland. 10) The level of fluoride put into water (1 ppm) is 100 times higher than normally found in mothers' milk (0.01 ppm) (Institute of Medicine, 1997). There are no benefits, only risks, for infants ingesting this heightened level of fluoride at such an early age (this is an age where susceptibility to environmental toxins is particularly high). 11) Fluoride is a cumulative poison. Only 50% of the fluoride we ingest each day is excreted through the kidneys, the remainder accumulates in our bones, pineal gland, and other tissues. If the kidney is damaged, fluoride accumulation will increase. 12) Fluoride is very biologically active even at low concentrations. It interferes with hydrogen bonding which is central to the structure and function of proteins and nucleic acids. Thus, fluoride has the potential to disrupt events at the very heart of living things (Emsley, 1981). 13) Fluoride inhibits enzymes in test tubes (Waldbott, 1978), in bacteria in the oral cavity (Featherstone, 2000), in the growing tooth (DenBesten, 1999), in bone (Krook and Minor, 1998) and in other tissues (Luke, 1998). 14) Fluoride has been shown to be mutagenic, cause chromosome damage and interfere with the enzymes involved with DNA repair in a variety of insect, tissue culture and animal studies (DHSS, 1991, Mihashi and Tsutsui, 1996). 15) Fluoride administered to animals at high doses wreaks havoc on the reproductive system - it renders sperm non-functional and increases the rate of infertility (Chinoy, et a1, 1995; Kumar & Susheela, 1994; Chinoy & Narayana, 1994; Chinoy & Sequeira, 1989). A recent study from the US found increased rates of infertility among women living in areas with 3 or more ppm fluoride in the water. According to this latter study, which was published in the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, "Most regions showed an association of decreasing TFR [Total Fertility Rate] with increasing fluoride levels" (Freni 1994). 16) Fluoride forms complexes with a large number of metals, which include metals which are needed in the body (like calcium and magnesium) and metals (like lead and aluminum) which are toxic to the body. This can cause a variety of problems. For example, fluoride interferes with enzymes where magnesium is an important co-factor, and it can help facilitate the uptake of aluminum into tissues where the aluminum wouldn't otherwise go. 17) Rats fed for one year with 1 ppm fluoride in doubly distilled and de-ionized water, using either sodium fluoride or aluminum fluoride, had morphological changes to their kidneys and brains and had an increased level of aluminum present in their brain (Varner et al, 1998). Aluminum in the brain is associated with Alzheimers disease. 18) Fluoride and aluminum fluoride complexes interact with G-proteins and thus have the potential to interfere with many hormonal and some neurochemical signals (Struneka and Patocka, 1999). 19) Aluminum fluoride was recently nominated by the Environmental Protection Agency and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences for testing by the National Toxicology Program. According to the EPA and NIEHS, aluminum fluoride currently has a "high health research priority" due to its "known neurotoxicity" ( NA 2000). If fluoride is added to water which contains aluminum, than aluminum i fluoride complexes will form. 20) Animal experiments show that fluoride exposure alters mental behavior (Mullenix et al, 1995). Rats dosed prenatally demonstrated hyperactive behavior. Those dosed postnatally demonstrated hypoactivity (i.e. under activity or "couch potato" syndrome). 21) Studies by Jennifer Luke (1997) showed that fluoride accumulates in the human pineal gland to very high levels. In her Ph.D thesis Luke has also shown in animal studies that fluoride reduces melatonin production and leads to an earlier onset of puberty. 22) Three studies from China show a lowering of IQ in children associated with fluoride exposure (Li et al, 1995; Zhao et al, 1996 and Lu et al, 2000). Another study (Lin et al, 199 1) indicates that even just moderate levels of fluoride exposure (e.g. 0.9 ppm in the water) can exacerbate the neurological defects of iodine deficiency, which include decreased IQ and retardation. (According to the CDC, iodine deficiency has nearly quadrupled in the US since the 1970's, with nearly 12% of the population now iodine deficient.) 23) Earlier in the 20th century, fluoride was prescribed by a number of European doctors to reduce the activity of the thyroid gland for those suffering from hyperthyroidism (over active thyroid) (Merck Index, 1960, p. 952; Waldbott, et al., 1978, p. 163). With water fluoridation, we are forcing people to drink a thyroid-depressing medication which could serve to promote higher levels of hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid) in the population, and all the subsequent problems related to this disorder. Such problems include depression, fatigue, weight gain, muscle and joint pains, increased cholesterol levels, and heart disease. It bears noting that according to the Department of Health and Human Services (1991) fluoride exposure in fluoridated communities is estimated to range from 1.58 to 6.6 mg/day, which is a range that actually overlaps the dose (2.3 - 4.5 mg/day) shown to decrease the functioning of the human thyroid (C' iicttl �1c e°t, 1.9 8). This is a remarkable fact, and certainly deserves greater attention considering the rampant and increasing problem of hypothyroidism in the United States. (In 1999, the second most prescribed drug of the year was gthroi , which is a hormone replacement drug used to treat an underactive thyroid). 24) Some of the early symptoms of skeletal. uorosis, a fluoride-induced bone and joint disease that impacts millions of people in India, China, and Africa , mimic the symptoms of arthritis. According to a review on fluoridation by the journal of the American Chemical Society, "Because some of the clinical symptoms mimic arthritis, the first two clinical phases of skeletal fluorosis could be easily misdiagnosed" (H _ an 1988). Few if any studies have been done to determine the extent of this misdiagnosis, and whether the high prevalence of arthritis in America (over 42 million Americans have it) is related to our growing fluoride exposure, which is highly plausible. The causes of most forms of arthritis (e.g. osteoarthritis) are unknown. 25) In some studies, when high doses of fluoride were used in trials to treat patients with osteoporosis in an effort to harden their bones and reduce fracture rates, it actually led to a HIGHER number of hip fractures (Hedlund and Gallagher, 1989; Riggs et al, 1990). 26) Eighteen studies (four unpublished, including one abstract) since 1990 have examined the possible relationship of fluoridation and an increase in hip fracture among the elderly. Ten of these studies found an association, eight did not. One study found a dose- related increase in hip fracture as the concentration of fluoride rose from 1 ppm to 8 ppm (Li et al, 1999, to be published). Hip fracture is a very serious issue for the elderly, as a quarter of those who have a hip fracture die within a year of the operation, while 50 percent never regain an independent existence. (All 18 of these studies are referenced as a group in the reference section). 27) One animal study (National Toxicology Program, 1990) shows a dose-related increase in osteosarcoma (bong cancer) in male rats. The initial finding of this study was of"clear evidence of carcinogenicity" a finding which was soon conspicuously downgraded to "equivocal evidence" (Mares 1990). EPA Professional Headquarters Union has requested that Congress establish an independent review of this study's results ( lirzy 110-0). 28) Two epidemiological studies show a possible association (which some have discounted: Hoover, 1990 and 1991) between osteosarcoma in young men and living in fluoridated areas (National Cancer Institute, 1989 and Cohn, 1992). Other studies have not found this association. 29) Fluoridation is unethical because individuals are not being asked for their informed consent prior to medication. This is standard practice for all medication. 30) While referenda are preferential to imposed policies from central government, it still leaves the problem of individual rights versus majority rule. Put another way -- does a voter have the right to require that their neighbor ingest a certain medication (even if j it's against that neighbor's will)? i 31) Some people appear to be highly sensitive to fluoride as shown by case studies and double blind studies (Waldbott, 1978 and Moolenburg, 1987). This may relate to fluoride interfering with their hormone levels including those produced by their thyroid gland. Can we as a society force these people to drink fluoride? 32) According to the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR, 1993) some people are particularly vulnerable to fluoride's toxic effects; these include: the elderly, diabetics and people with poor kidney function. Again, can we in good conscience force these people to ingest fluoride on a daily basis? 33) Also vulnerable are those who suffer from malnutrition (e.g. calcium, magnesium, vitamin C, vitamin D and iodide deficiencies and protein poor diets). Those most likely to suffer from poor nutrition are the poor, who are precisely the people being targeted by new fluoridation proposals (Oral. Health III Amcric . May 2000). While being at heightened risk, poor families are less able to afford avoidance measures (e.g. bottled water or removal equipment). 34) Since dental decay is most concentrated in poor communities, we should be spending our efforts trying to increase the access to dental care for poor families. The real "Oral Health Crisis" that exists today in the United States, is not a lack of fluoride but poverty and lack of dental insurance. 35) Fluoridation has been found to be ineffective at preventing one of the most serious oral health problems facing poor children, namely, baby bottle tooth decay, otherwise known as early childhood caries ( ors. 2.000). 36) Once fluoride is put in the water it is impossible to control the dose each individual receives. This is because, one, some people (e.g. manual laborers, athletes and diabetics) drink more water than others, and because, two, we receive fluoride from sources other than the water supply. Other sources of fluoride include food and beverages processed with fluoridated water; fluoridated dental products, and pesticide residues on food. As one doctor has aptly stated, "No physician in his right senses would prescribe for a person he has never met, whose medical history he does not know, a substance which is intended to create bodily change, with the advice: 'Take as much as you like, but you will take it for the rest of your life because some children suffer from tooth decay. ' It is a preposterous notion." 37) Despite the fact that it is recognized that we are ingesting too much fluoride, and despite the fact that we are exposed to far more fluoride in 2000 than we were in 1945 (when fluoridation began), the "optimal" fluoridation level is still 1 part per million, the same level deemed optimal in 1945! 38) The early studies conducted in 1945 -1955 in the US, which helped to launch fluoridation, have been heavily criticized for their poor methodology and poor choice of control communities (De Stefano, 1954; Sutton 1959, 1960 and 1996). According to Dr. Hebert Arnold, a statisician from the University of California at Davis, the early fluoridation trials "are especially rich in fallacies, improper design, invalid use of statistical methods, omissions of contrary data, and just plain muddleheadedness and hebetude." 39) The US Public Health Service first endorsed fluoridation in 1950, before one single trial had been completed (McClure, 1970)! It may not be coincidental that in the same year of the US PHS endorsement, the Sugar Research Foundation, Inc. (supported by 130 corporations) expressed its aim in dental research as, "To discover effective means of controlling tooth decay by methods other than restricting carbohydrate (sugar) intake" (Waldbott, 1965, p.131). 40) The fluoridation program has been very poorly monitored. There has never been a comprehensive analysis of the fluoride levels in the bones of the American people. US Health authorities have no idea how close we are getting to levels which will cause subtle or even serious bone and joint damage! 41) According to a letter received by New Jersey Assemblyman John Kelly, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has never approved the fluoride supplements given to children, which are designed to deliver the same amount of fluoride as fluoridated water. 42) The chemicals used to fluoridate water in the US are not pharmaceutical grade. Instead, they come from the wet scrubbing systems of the superphosphate fertilizer industry. These chemicals (90% of which are sodium fluorosilicate and fluorosilicic acid), are classified hazardous wastes contaminated with toxic metals and trace amounts of radioactive isotopes. Recent testing by the National Sanitation Foundation suggest that the levels of arsenic in these chemicals are high and of significant concern. 43) These hazardous wastes have not been tested comprehensively. The chemical usually tested in animal studies is pharmaceutical grade sodium fluoride, not industrial grade fluorosilicic acid. The assumption being made is that by the time this waste product has been diluted down, all the fluorosilicic acid will have been converted into free fluoride ion, and the other toxics and radioactive isotopes will be so dilute that they will not cause any harm, even with lifetime exposure. These assumptions have not been examined carefully by scientists, independent of the fluoridation program. 44) Studies by Masters and Co laii (1999) show an association between the use of fluorosilicic acid (and its sodium salt) to fluoridate water and an increased uptake of lead into children's blood. 45) Sodium fluoride is an extremely toxic substance -- just 3 to 5 grams, or about one teaspoon, is enough to kill a human being. Both children (swallowing gels) and adults (accidents involving malfunctioning of fluoride delivery equipment and filters on dialysis machines) have died from excess exposure. 46) Some of the earliest opponents of fluoridation were biochemists and at least 14 Nobel Prize winners are among numerous scientists who have expressed their reservations about the practice of fluoridation (see jTpen ix 4 for list). Dr. James Sumner, who won the Nobel Prize for his work on enzyme chemistry, had this to say about fluoridation: "We ought to go slowly. Everybody knows fluorine and fluoride are very poisonous substances...We use them in enzyme chemistry to poison enzymes, those vital agents in the body. That is the reason things are poisoned; because the enzymes are poisoned and that is why animals and plants die" (Con-nett.,2000). Last year's (2000) recipient of the Noble Prize for Medicine and Physiology, was Dr. Arvid Carlsson of Sweden. Dr. Carlsson was one of the leading opponents of fluoridation in Sweden. He was part of the panel that recommended that the Swedish government reject the practice, which they did in 1971. In her book "The Fluoride Question: Panacea or Poison" Anne-lise Gotzsche quotes Carlsson as follows: "It is not worthwhile to conceal the fact that it is a question of applying a pharmacologically active substance to an entire population" (p.69). 47) The nioi- representing the scientists at the US EPA headquarters in DC is on record as opposing water fluoridation (Hirzy, 1999) and rejects the US EPA's approval of the use of hazardous industrial waste products to fluoridate the public water supply. 48) Many scientists, doctors and dentists who have spoken out publicly on this issue have been subjected to censorship and intimidation (Martin 1991). Tactics like this would not be necessary if those promoting fluoridation were on secure scientific ground. 49) Promoters of fluoridation refuse to recognize that there is any scientific debate on this issue, despite the concerns listed above and objective reviews of the controversy Qliienia X988). Dr. Michael Easley, one of the most vocal proponents, goes so far as to say that there is no legitimate debate, whatsoever, concerning fluoridation. According to Easley, who works closely with the CDC and ADA, "Debates give the illusion that a scientific controversy exists when no credible people support the fluorophobics' view." Easley adds that "a most flagrant abuse of the public trust occasionally occurs when a physician or a dentist, for whatever personal reason, uses their professional standing in the community to argue against fluoridation, a clear violation of professional ethics, the principles of science and community standards of practice" (Easley, 1999). Comments like these led the associate technical director for Consumers Union, Dr. Edward Groth, to conclude that "the political profluoridation stance has evolved into a dogmatic, authoritarian, essentially antiscientific posture, one that discourages open debate of scientific issues" (Martin, 1991). 50) When it comes to controversies surrounding toxic chemicals, invested interests traditionally do their very best to discount animal studies and quibble with epidemiological findings. In the past, political pressures have led government agencies to drag their feet on regulating asbestos, benzene, DDT, PCBs, tetraethyl lead, tobacco and dioxins. With fluoridation we have had a fifty year delay. Unfortunately, because government officials have put so much of their credibility on the line defending fluoridation, and because of the huge liabilities waiting in the wings if they admit that fluoridation has caused an increase in hip fracture, arthritis, bone cancer, brain disorders or thyroid problems, it will be very difficult for them to speak honestly and openly about the issue. But they must, not only to protect millions of people from unnecessary harm, but to protect the notion that, at its core, public health policy must be based on sound science not political pressure. They have a tool with which to do this: it's called the Precautionary Principle. Simply put, this says: if in doubt leave it out. This is what most European countries have done and their children's teeth have not suffered, while their public's trust has been strengthened. It is like a question from a Kafka play. Just how much doubt is needed on just one of the health concerns identified above, to override a benefit, which when quantified in the largest survey ever conducted in the US, amounts to less than one tooth surface (out of 128) in a child's mouth? For those who would call for further studies, we say fine. Take the fluoride out of the water first and then conduct all the studies you want. This folly must end without further delay. APPENDIX 1. World Health Organization Data (back to ton) Table: DMFT Status (Decayed, Missing & Filled Teeth) for 12 year olds. Organized by Country. DMFTs Year Status Australia 0.8 1998 fluoridated Zurich, 0.84 1998 unfluoridated Switzerland Netherlands 0.9 1992-93 unfluoridated Sweden 0.9 1999 unfluoridated Denmark 0.9 2001 unfluoridated UK 0 (England, 10/o Scotland, N. 1 . 1 1996-97 fluoridated Ire) Ireland 1. 1 1997 fluoridated Finland 1. 1 1997 unfluoridated US 1.4 1988-91 fluoridated Norway 1.5 1998 unfluoridated Iceland 1 .5 1996 unfluoridated New Zealand 1 .5 1993 fluoridated Belgium 1 .6 1998 unfluoridated Germany 1 .7 1997 unfluoridated Austria 1.7 1997 unfluoridated France 1 .9 1998 unfluoridated s Data from: WHO Oral Health Country/Area Profile Programme Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Surveillance/Oral Health WHO Collaborating Centre, Malmo University, Sweden APPENDIX 2. Statements on fluoridation by governmental officials from several countries: Germany: "Generally, in Germany fluoridation of drinking water is forbidden. The relevant German law allows exceptions to the fluoridation ban on application. The argumentation of the Federal Ministry of Health against a general permission of fluoridation of drinking water is the problematic nature of compulsory] medication." (Gerda Hankel-Khan, Embassy of Federal Republic of Germany, September 16, 1999). www. litori(lealert.ora l ertTia . `)e France: "Fluoride chemicals are not included in the list [of 'chemicals for drinking water treatment']. This is due to ethical as well as medical considerations." (Louis Sanchez, Directeur de la Protection de PEnvironment, August 25, 2000). i/,Lives, luoridealerl,()earl t�ynce. e r Belgium: "This water treatment has never been of use in Belgium and will never be (we hope so) into the future. The main reason for that is the fundamental position of the drinking water sector that it is not its task to deliver medicinal treatment to people. This is the sole responsibility of health services." (Chr. Legros, Directeur, Belgaqua, Brussels, Belgium, February 28, 2000). 111)x ?.Llti o ridgi i ioz ii,cc)ni/c bbel-)itu ii a111 OEM Luxembourg: "Fluoride has never been added to the public water supplies in Luxembourg. In our views, the drinking water isn't the suitable way for medicinal treatment and that people needing an addition of fluoride can decide by their own to use the most appropriate way, like the intake of fluoride tablets, to cover their [daily] needs." (Jean-Marie RIES, Head, Water Department, Administration De L'Environment, May 3, 2000). u Finland: "We do not favor or recommend fluoridation of drinking water. There are better ways of providing the fluoride our teeth need." (Paavo Poteri, Acting Managing Director, Helsinki Water, Finland, February 7, 2000). Li)i4)iv. luoridatioi-i.cot),z 1 c- inland.17rin "Artificial fluoridation of drinking water supplies has been practiced in Finland only in one town, Kuopio, situated in eastern Finland and with a population of about 80,000 people (1.6% of the Finnish population). Fluoridation started in 1959 and finished in 1992 as a result of the resistance of local population. The most usual grounds for the resistance presented in this context were an individual's right to drinking water without additional chemicals used for the medication of limited population groups. A concept of"force- feeding" was also mentioned. Drinking water fluoridation is not prohibited in Finland but no municipalities have turned out to be willing to practice it. Water suppliers, naturally, have always been against dosing of fluoride chemicals into water." (Leena Hiisvirta, M.Sc., Chief Engineer, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health, Finland, January 12, 1996) )e r Denmark: "We are pleased to inform you that according to the Danish Ministry of Environment and Energy, toxic fluorides have never been added to the public water supplies. Consequently, no Danish city has ever been fluoridated." (Klaus Werner, Royal Danish Embassy, Washington DC, December 22, 1999). wives=. luoy-jation,coin I c-dennark.htni Elm HIM Norway: "In Norway we had a rather intense discussion on this subject some 20 years ago, and the conclusion was that drinking water should not be fluoridated." (Truls Krogh & Toril Hofshagen, Folkehelsa Staten institutt for folkeheise (National Institute of Public Health) Oslo, Norway, March 1, 2000). mLwii� luoridation.cone/c- 0—YM—>a hhtIn Sweden: "Drinking water fluoridation is not allowed in Sweden...New scientific documentation or changes in dental health situation that could alter the conclusions of the Commission have not been shown." (Gunnar Guzikowski, Chief Government Inspector, Livsmedels Verket -- National Food Administration Drinking Water Division, Sweden, February 28, 2000) t)ii1j , fh�orrdafio ,core i 1 cc- Netherlands: "From the end of the 1960s until the beginning of the 1970s drinking water in various places in the Netherlands was fluoridated to prevent caries. However, in its judgement of 22 June 1973 in case No. 10683 (Budding and co. versus the City of Amsterdam) the Supreme Court (Hoge Road) ruled there was no legal basis for fluoridation. After that judgement, amendment to the Water Supply Act was prepared to provide a legal basis for fluoridation. During the process it became clear that there was not enough support from Parlement [sic] for this amendment and the proposal was withdrawn." (Wilfred Reinhold, Legal Advisor, Directorate Drinking Water, Netherlands, January 15, 2000). Northern Ireland: "The water supply in Northern Ireland has never been artificially fluoridated except in 2 small localities where fluoride was added to the water for about 30 years up to last year. Fluoridation ceased at these i locations for operational reasons. At this time, there are no plans to commence fluoridation of water supplies in Northern Ireland." (C.J. Grimes, Department for Regional Development, Belfast, November 6, 2000). ivivi4t, lrror itleuleryt.or)1 ATorftlierrt-.-r elal7d. ' )eo Austria: "Toxic fluorides have never been added to the public water supplies in Austria." (M. Eisenhut, Head of Water Department, Osterreichische Yereinigung fur das Gas-und Wasserfach Schubertring 14, A-1015 Wien, Austria, February 17, 2000). 1 > v. ' rort lcrticrrr,corelc-� �rtrz . rtrrl Czech Republic: "Since 1993, drinking water has not been treated with fluoride in public water supplies throughout the Czech Republic. Although fluoridation of drinking water has not actually been proscribed it is not under consideration because this form of supplementation is considered: • uneconomical (only 0.54% of water suitable for drinking is used as such; the remainder is employed for hygiene etc. Furthermore, an increasing amount of consumers (particularly children) are using bottled water for drinking (underground water usually with fluor) e unecologcal (environmental load by a foreign substance) • unethical ("forced medication") • toxicologically and phyiologically debateable (fluoridation represents an untargeted form of supplementation which disregards actual individual intake and requirements and may lead to excessive health-threatening intake in certain population groups; [and] complexation of fluor in water into non biological active forms of fluor." (Dr. B. Havlik, Ministerstvo Zdravotnictvi Ceske Republiky, October 14, 1999). ea 11111t Vlly/c APPENDIX 3. Statement of Douglas Carnall, Associate Editor of the British Medical Journal, published on the BMJ website ( http://www.bmj.com ) on the day that they published the York Review on Fluoridation. See this review on the web at 1,tt �/1www.bin `.co l f car`/cont nt l iglu 1.3211 20, 1 9041 a British Medical Journal October 7, 2000 Reviews Website of the week Water fluoridation Fluoridation was a controversial topic even before Kubrick's Base Commander Ripper railed against "the international communist conspiracy to sap and impurify all of our precious bodily fluids" in the 1964 film Dr Strangelove. This week's BMJ shouldn't precipitate a global holocaust, but it does seem that Base Commander Ripper may have had a point. The systematic review published this week (p 855) shows that much of the evidence for fluoridation was derived from low quality studies, that its benefits may have been overstated, and that the risk to benefit ratio for the development of the commonest side effect (dental fluorosis, or mottling of the teeth) is rather high. Supplementary materials are available on the BMJ 's website and on that of the review's authors, enhancing the validity of the conclusions through transparency of process. For example, the "frequently asked questions" page of the site explains who comprised the advisory panel and how they were chosen ("balanced to include those for and against, as well as those who are neutral"), and the site includes the minutes of their meetings. You can also pick up all 279 references in Word97 format, and tables of data in PDF. Such transparency is admirable and can only encourage rationality of debate. Professionals who propose compulsory preventive measures for a whole population have a different weight of responsibility on their shoulders than those who respond to the requests of individuals for help. Previously neutral on the issue, I am now persuaded by the arguments that those who wish to take fluoride (like me) had better get it from toothpaste rather than the water supply (see www. .erweb.co.uk/bfs/index.btml and www.n-t,)wa.freeserve,co.uk/index.litml for the two viewpoints). Douglas Carnall Associate Editor British Medical Journal APPENDIX 4. List of 14 Noble Prize winners who have opposed or expressed reservations about fluoridation. 1) Adolf Butenandt (Chemistry, 1939) 2) Arvid Carlsson (Medicine, 2000) 3) Hans von Euler-Chelpin (Chemistry, 1929). 4) Walter Rudolf Hess (Medicine, 1949) 5) Corneille Jean-Francois Heymans (Medicine, 1938) 6) Sir Cyril Norman Hinshelwood (Chemistry, 1956) 7) Joshua Lederberg (Medicine, 1958) 8) William P. Murphy (Medicine, 1934) 8) Giulio Natta (1963 Nobel Prize in Chemistry) 10) Sir Robert Robinson (Chemistry, 1947) 11) Nikolai Semenov (Chemistry, 1956) 12) James B. Sumner (Chemistry, 1946) 13) Hugo Theorell (Medicine, 1955) 14) Artturi Virtanen (Chemistry, 1945) REFERENCES. Arnold, HA. (1980). Letter to Dr. Ernest Newbrun. May 28, 1980. htt :// vww. loidelert.c days.btm. ATSDR (1993). Toxicological Profile for Fluorides, Hydrogen Fluoride, and Fluorine (F). U.S. Department of Health and Human Service. ATSDR/TP-91/17. Brunelle, J.A. and Carlos, J.P. (1990). J. Dent. Res 69, (Special edition), 723-727. CDC (1999). Achievements in Public Health, 1900- 1999: Fluoridation of Drinking Water to Prevent Dental Caries. Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Review (MMWR), 48(41);933-940 October 22, 1999. Chinoy, NJ., and E Sequeira. (1989). Effects of fluoride on the histoarchitecture of reproductive organs of the male mouse. Reprod Toxicol, 3(4):261- 7. Chinoy, N.J. et al (1994) Transient and reversible fluoride toxicity in some soft tissues of female mice. Fluoride, 27, 205-214. Chinoy, NJ., and MV Narayana. (1994). In vitro fluoride toxicity in human spermatozoa. Reprod Toxicol, Mar-Apr; 8(2):155-9. Chinoy NJ, et al. (1995). Microdose vasal injection of sodium fluoride in the rat. Reprod Toxicol, 5(6):505- 12. Chinoy, N.J. et al (2000) Presentation at the XXIII International Conference of the International Society for Fluoride Research, Szczecin, Poland, June, 2000. Colquhoun, J (1997) "Why I changed my mind on Fluoridation. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine, 41, 29-44. 2/312103.htm Cohn, P.D. (1992). An Epidemiologic Report on Drinking Water and Fluoridation. New Jersey Department of Health, Trenton, NJ. Connett, M. (2000). How Much Arsenic is Fluoridation Adding to the Public Water Supply? Fluoride Action Network htt ://www.flgoricle�i1ert orcy/f-arsenic.htm. Connett, M. (2000). Interview w/ Dr. William Hirzy. July 3, 2000. Connett, P. (2000). Fluoride: A Statement of Concern. Waste Not #459. January 2000. Waste Not, 82 Judson Street, Canton, NY 13617 on web at htt ./1www.fl�orie�lert.or /fl�zoz°�de-s : texe �t.l�t�. Connett,P and Connett, M. (2000). The Emperor Has No Clothes: A Critique of the CDC's Promotion of Fluoridation. Waste Not #468, September. Waste Not, 82 Judson Street, Canton, NY 13617 see also htt ://Nv rev,f l e a I e°rt._r ,_/c litna DHHS (1991). Review of Fluoride: Benefits and Risks, Report of the Ad Hoc Committee on Fluoride of the Committee to Coordinate Environmental Health and Related Programs. Department of Health and Human Services, USA. De Liefde, B. (1998). The Decline of Caries in New Zealand Over the past 40 Years. New Zealand Dental Journal, 94, 109-113 DenBesten, P (1999). Biological mechanism of dental fluorosis relevant to the use of fluoride supplements. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol., 27, 41-7. De Stefano, T.M. (1954). The fluoridation research studies and the general practitioner. Bulletin of Hudson County Dental Society, February 1954. Diesendorf, M.(1986). The Mystery of Declining Tooth Decay. Nature, 322, 125-129. Ditkoff, B.A. and Lo Gerfo, P. (2000). The Thyroid Guide. Harper-Collins, NY, 2000. Easley, M. (1999). Community fluoridation in America: the unprincipled opposition. Unpublished. Freni SC. (1994). Exposure to high fluoride concentrations in drinking water is associated with decreased birth rates. J Toxicology and Environmental Health 42:109-121. Galletti, P. & Joyet, G. (1958). Effect on Fluorine on Thyroidal Iodine Metabolism in Hyperthyroidism. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology; 18:1102-1110 h -//w Nv.tl oxide-ilert.of _/ lletti.ii.tm Glasser,G. (1999) "It's Pollution Stupid!" see www.flu oridealert.o °� a ser.htr Gotzsche, A. (1975). The Fluoride Question: Panacea or Poison? New York: Stein and Day Publishers. Hanmer, R.(1983). Letter to Leslie A. Russell, D.M.D, from Rebecca Hanmer, Deputy Assistant Administrator for Water, US EPA, Mar 30, 1983. Heller KE et al (1997). Dental Caries and Dental Fluorosis at Varying Water Fluoride Concentrations. J of Pub Health Dent, 57;No. 3, 136-143. Hileman, B. (1988). Fluoridation of water. Questions about health risks and benefits remain after more than 40 years. Chemical and Engineering News. August 1, 1988) 26-42. l�tt �://www.fluoridealert.or /hilen�an.ht� Hileman, B. (1989). New Studies Cast Doubt on Fluoridation Benefits. Chemical and Engineering News, 67 (19) 1-60, May 8, 1989. http://wwW,flLloridealert.orZ/NIDR.htm Hirzy, J.W. (1999). Why the EPA's Headquarters Union of Scientists Opposes Fluoridation. Press release from National Treasury Employees Union, May 1, 1999. (for text see htt ://www.fluoridealert.gL&�/fltioride-statemeiit.htm Hoover, R.N. et al (1990). Fluoridation of Drinking Water and Subsequent Cancer Incidence and Mortality, report to the Director of the National Cancer Institute. Hoover,R. N. et al (1991) appendices E and F in DHSS (1991) op cit. i Institute of Medicine (1997). Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride. Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes, Food and Nutrition Board. National Academy Press, Washington, DC. Jolly, S.S. et al (1971). Human intoxication in Punjab. Fluoride, 4(2) 64-79. Kelly, J.V. (2000). Letter to Senator Robert Smith, Chairman of Environment and Public Works Committe, U.S. Senate, August 14, 2000. (for text see h :llw N r.ili o rick lei-t Krook, L. and Minor, R.R. (1998). Fluoride and Alkaline Phosphatase. Fluoride, 31. 177-82. Kumar, A., and AK Susheela. (1994). Ultrastructural studies of spermiogenesis in rabbit exposed to chronic fluoride toxicity. Int J Fertil Menopausal Stud May- Jun; 39(3):164-71. Kumar, JV and Green, E.L. (1998). Recommendations for Fluoride Use in Children. NY State Dental Journal, February, 41-48. Kunzel, W. and T. Fischer (1997). Rise and fall of caries prevalence in German towns with different F concentrations in drinking water. Caries Res 31(3): 166-73. Kunzel, W. and T. Fischer (2000). Caries prevalence after cessation of water fluoridation in La Salud, Cuba. Caries Res 34(1): 20-5. Kunzel, W., Fischer, T., Lorenz R., Bruhmann, S. (2000). Decline in caries prevalence after the cessation of water fluoridation in former East Germany. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 28(5): 382-389. Lalumandier JA et al (1995). The prevalence and risk factors of fluorosis among patients in a pediatric dental practice. Pediatric Dentistry - 17:1, 19-25. Li, X.S., (1995). Effect of Fluoride Exposure on Intelligence in Children. Fluoride, 28:4, 189-192 Limeback, H (2000). "Leading Dental Researcher Speaks Out Against Fluoridation", A videotaped interview available from gg video, 82 Judson Street, Canton, NY 13617. email ZZyLdeo 'northnet.or . Lin, F.F. et al (1991). The relationship of a low-iodine and high-fluoride environment to subclinical cretinism in Xinjiang. Iodine Deficiency Disorder Newsletter 7. Lu, Y. et al (2000). Effect of high-fluoride water on intelligence of children. Fluoride, 33, 74-78. Luke, J. (1997). The Effect of Fluoride on the Physiology of the Pineal Gland. Ph.D. Thesis. University of Surrey, Guildord. Marcus, W. (1990). Memorandum from Dr. William Marcus,to Alan B. Hais, Acting Director Criteria & Standards Division ODW, US EPA, DATED MAY 1, 1990, and subsequent memos. These can be viewed on the web at hap-//Nvww.fluoride alert.or /marcus.htm- Martin, B. (1991). Scientific Knowledge in Controversy: The Social Dynamics of the Fluoridation Debate SUNY Press, Albany NY. Masters, R.D. and Coplan, M. (1999).Water treatment with silicofluorides and lead toxicity. Intern. J. Environmental Studies Maupome, G. et al. (2001). Patterns of dental caries following the cessation of water fluoridation. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 29(1): 37-47. McDonagh, M. et al. (2000). A Systematic Review of Public Water Fluoridation. NHS Center for Reviews and Dissemination, University of York, September 2000. li p: / ww,fltjo l ��D ii, a . �1 '. .�� Mihashi,M. and Tsutsui,T.(1996). Clastogenic activity of sodium fluoride to rat vertebral body-derived cells in culture. Mutat Res, 368(l):7-13. Morgan L et al (1998). Investigation of the possible associations between fluorosis, fluoride exposure, and childhood behavior problems. Pediatric Dentistry - 20:4, 244-252. Mullenix, P. et al (1995). Neurotoxicity of Sodium Fluoride in Rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 17, 169-177. Mullenix, P.J. (1999). Statement submitted in connection with an Environmental Assessment for a proposed fluoridation project, May 1999. Full statement available from Phyllis Mullenix, P.O. Box 753, Andover, Ma. 01810-3347. National Cancer Institute (1989). Cancer Statistics Review, 1973-1987, Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. Publication No.90-2789. National Research Council (1993). Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride. National Academy Press, Washington DC.. National Toxicology Program [NTP] (1990). Toxicology and Carcinogenesis Studies of Sodium F Fluoride in F344/N Rats and B6C3f1 Mice. ' Technical report Series No. 393. NTH Publ. No 91- 2848. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, N.C. The results of this study are summarized in the Department of Health and Human Services report (DHHS,1991) op cit. Nesin, B.C. (1956). A water supply perspective of the fluoridation discussion. J. Maine Water Utilities Association. Riggs, B.L. et al (1990). Effect of Fluoride treatment on the Fracture Rates in Postmenopausal Women with Osteoporosis. N. Eng. J. Med., 322, 802-809. Seppa, L., Karkkaimen, S. and Hausen, H. (2000) Caries trends 1992-98 in two low-fluoride Finnish towns formerly with and without fluoride. Caries Res 34(6): 462-8. Stecher, P, et al. (1960). The Merck Index of Chemicals and Drugs. Merck & Co., Inc, Rathway NJ. Steelink, C., "Fluoridation Controversy", (letter) Chemical & Engineering News, July 27, 1992. Susheela, A.K. (1993). Prevalence of endemic fluorosis with gastrointestinal manifestations in people living in some North-Indian villages. Fluoride, 26, 97-104. Susheela, A.K. (1998). Scientific Evidence on Adverse Effects of Fluoride. Presented to Members of Parliament & LORDS, House of Commons, Westminister, London, October 20, 1998. Sutton, P. (1959). Fluoridation: Errors and Omissions in Experimental Trials. Melbourne University Press. First Edition. Sutton, P. (1960) Fluoridation: Errors and Omissions in Experimental Trials. Melbourne University Press. Second Edition. Sutton, P. (1996). The Greatest Fraud: Fluoridation. Lorne, Australia: Kurunda Pty. Ltd. Strunecka, A. and Patocka, J. (1999). Pharmacological and toxicological effects of aluminofluoride complexes. Fluoride, 32, 230-242. Teotia, S.P.S. and M,Teotia (1988).Endemic Skeltal Fluorosis: Clinical and Radiological Variants (Review of 25 years of personal research) Fluoride, 21 (2) 39- 44. Teotia, S.P.S. and M,Teotia (1994). Dental caries: a disorder of high fluoride and low dietary calcium interactions (30 years of personal research). Fluoride, 27 (2) 59-66. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (U.S. DHHS) (2000). Oral health in America: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health. httm:// www,ni.dcf,ii.ih.gov/s r/cxccs-um m.htm Waldbott, G.L. (1965) "A Battle with Titans", Carlton Press, NY. Waldbott, G.L., Burgstahler, A.W. and McKinney, H.L. Fluoridation: The Great Dilemma. Coronado Press, Inc., Lawrence, Kansas, 1978. WHO (Online). WHO Oral Health Country/Area Profile Programme. Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Surveillance/Oral Health. WHO Collaborating Centre, Malmo University, Sweden. httt)://w-w-w.whocollab.odma.h.se//cui�o.html Williams JE et al (1990). Community Water Fluoride Levels, Preschool Dietary Patterns, and The Occurrence of Fluoride Enamel Opacities. J of Pub Health Dent; 50:276-81. Yiamouyiannis, J.A. (1990). Water Fluoridation and Tooth decay: Results from the 1986-87 National Survey of U.S. Schoolchildren. Fluoride, 23, 55-67. btt ://w ,Nv.fl�oridealert.or /DMA'" slit rm Zhao, L.B. et al (1996). Effect of high-fluoride water supply on children's intelligence. Fluoride, 29, 190- 192. THE 18 STUDIES ON THE POSSIBLE ASSOCIATION OF HIP FRACTURE AND FLUORIDE EXPOSURE. 1. Cauley, J., P. Murphy, et al. (1995). "Effects of fluoridated drinking water on bone mass and fractures: the study of osteoporotic fractures." J Bone Min Res 10(7): 1076-86. 2. a) Cooper, C., C. Wickham, et al. (1991). "Water fluoridation and hip fracture." JAMA 266: 513-514 (letter, a reanalysis of data presented in 1990 paper). 2. b) Cooper, C., C. Wickham, et al. (1990). "Water fluoride concentration and fracture of the proximal femur." J Epidemiol Community Health 44: 17-19. 3. Danielson, C., J. L. Lyon, et al. (1992). "Hip fractures and fluoridation in Utah's elderly population." Jama 268(6): 746-748. 4. Hegmann, K.T. et al (2000) the Effects of Fluoridation on Degenerative Joint Disease (DJD) and Hip Fractures.Abstract #71, of the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society For Epidemiological research, June 15-17, 2000. Published in a Supplement of Am. J. Epid. 5. Hillier, S., C. Copper, et al. (2000). "Fluoride in drinking water and risk of hip fracture in the UK: a case control study." The Lancet 335: 265-269. 6. Jacobsen, S., J. Goldberg, et al. (1992). "The association between water fluoridation and hip fracture among white women and men aged 65 years and older; a national ecologic study." Annals of Epidemiology 2: 617-626. 7. Jacobsen, S., J. Goldberg, et al. (1990). "Regional variation in the incidence of hip fracture: US white women aged 65 years and olders." J Am Med Assoc 264(4): 500-2. 8. Jacobsen, S.J. et al (1993). Hip Fracture Incidence Before and After the Fluoridation of the Public Water Supply, Rochester, Minnesota. American Journal of Public Health, 83, 743-745. 9. a) Jacqmin-Gadda, H. (1995). "Fluorine concentration in drinking water and fractures in the elderly." JAMA 273: 775-776 (letter). 9 b) Jacgmin-Gadda, H., A. Fourrier, et al. (1998). "Risk factors for fractures in the elderly." Epidemiology 9(4): 417-423. (An elaboration of the 1995 study referred to in the JAMA letter). 10. Karagas,M.R. et al (1996). "Patterns of Fracture among the United States Elderly: Geographic and Fluoride Effects". Ann. Epidemiol. 6 (3), 209-216. 11. Keller, C. (199 1) Fluorides in drinking water. Unpublished results. Discussed in Gordon, S.L. and Corbin, S.B,(1992) Summary of Workshop on Drinking Water Fluoride Influence on Hip Fracture on Bone Health. Osteoporosis Int. 2, 109-117. 12. Kurttio, P., N. Gustaysson, et al. (1999). "Exposure to natural fluoride in well water and hip fracture: A cohort analysis in Finland." American Journal of Epidemiology 150(8): 817-824. 13. Lehmann R. et al (1998). Drinking Water Fluoridation: Bone Mineral Density and Hip Fracture Incidence. Bone, 22, 273-278. 14. Li, Y., C. Liang, et al. (1999). "Effect of Long- Term Exposure to Fluoride in Drinking Water on Risks of Bone Fractures." Submitted for publication. Contact details: Dr. Yiming Li, Loma Linda School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, Phone 1-909- 558-8069, Fax 1-909-558-0328 and e-mail, Yli @sd.11u.edu 15. May, D.S. and Wilson, M.G. Hip fractures in relation to water fluoridation: an ecologic analysis. Unpublished data, discussed in Gordon, S.L. and Corbin S.B.,(1992), Summary of Workshop on Drinking Water Fluoride Inflruenbce on Hip Fracture on Bone Health. Osteoporosis Int. 2, 109-117. 16. Phipps, K. R. (2000). Community water fluoridation, bone mineral density and fractures: prospective study of effects in older women. British Medical Journal, 321: 860-4. 17. Sowers, M., M. Clark, et al. (1991). "A prospective study of bone mineral content and fracture in communities with differential fluoride exposure." American Journal of Epidemiology 133: 649-660. 18. Suarez-Almazor, M., G. Flowerdew, et al. (1993). i i "The fluoridation of drinking water and hip fracture hospitalization rates in two Canadian connunities." Am J Public Health 83: 689-693. REFERENCES for TOPICAL VS. SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE Burt, B.A. (1994). Letter. Fluoride, 27, 180-181. Carlos, J.P. (1983). Comments on Fluoride. J.Pedodontics. Winter, 135-136. Clark, C. (1993). J. Canadian Dental Association, 59(3) 272-279. CDC (1999). Achievements in Public Health, 1900- 1999: Fluoridation of Drinking Water to Prevent Dental Caries. Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Review (MMWR), 48(41);933-940 October 22, 1999. Featherstone, , J.D.B. (1987) The Mechanism of dental decay. Nutrition Today, May/June, 10. Featherstone J.D.B. (1999) Prevention and reversal of dental caries: role of low level fluoride. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 27:31-40. Featherstone, J.D.B. (2000). The Science and Practice of Caries Prevention. Journal of the American Dental Association. 131, 887-899. Fejerskov, O. Thylstrup, A. and Larsen, M.J. (1981) Rational use of fluorides in caries prevention. Acta. Odontol. Scand., 241-249. Levine, R.S., (1976). The action of fluoride in caries prevention: a review of current concepts. Brit. Dent. J. 140) 9-14. Limeback, H. (1999). A re-examination of the pre- eruptive and post-eruptive mechanism of the anti- caries effects of fluoride: is there any caries benefit from swallowing fluoride? Community. Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 27, 62-71. Limeback, H. (2000) Videotaped Interview. available from GGVideo, 82 Judson Street, Canton, NY 13617. Tel: 315-379-9544. Fax: 315-379-0448. E-mail: ggvideo @northnet.org and www.FltiorideAlert.org/limeback-yidco,l,itm Margolis, H.C. and Moreno, E.C. (1990). Physicochemical Perspectives on the Cariostatic Mechanisms of Systemic and Topical Fluorides. J. Dent. Res 69 (Special Issue) 606-613. Shellis, R.P and Duckworth, R.M.(1994). Studies on the cariostatic mechanisms of fluoride. Int. dent. J. 44, 263-273. August 4, 2015 To: Port Angeles City Council From Eloise Kailin, M.D. for Protect the Peninsula's Future Good Evening. I have submitted my testimony with references to your City Clerk, and hope you have had a chance to look at it because tonight I have an exciting new development to report , so I shall just summarize my intended speech. The letter signed by Harvard deans in support of water fluoridation is refuted. There appears to be a significant problem with potential loss of grant moneys for Harvard if fluoridation does not continue. CDC is funded by Congress with$15.7 million for year 2015 to promote fluoridation . This includes "grants to increase resources for community water fluoridation, ..and oral health infrastructure.", CDC has every reason to want to keep fluoridation going. CDC claims benefits that are not scientifically supported. Lack of proof of efficacy is now publicly recognized by prestigious research workers, and especially in Europe where entire nations are dropping it. Our local dentists admit reliance on CDC but have not checked on underlying studies. They operate on faith.. PA citizens have provided the studies you need if science rather than faith is to determine the outcome of this controversy. Please continue to listen to the citizens. CDC's mantra of"safe and effective" is unconscionable where contents of the fluoride chemical is largely unknown and, even worse, now known to be contaminated with measurable arsenic. Our BREAKING NEWS: Forks kids do not have better teeth compared to children in areas without water fluoridation. It took a team of a community activist, computer consultant, a skilled attorney and a statistician plus half a year of public disclosure requests to uncover data locked away in a state file. The prize is data from Smile Surveys 2005 and 2010.In unfluoridated Sequim 8 and 9 year olds averaged 0.8673 cavities; in PA(then unfluoridated) the average was 0.9174 cavities , and 1.1270 cavities in Forks . Low income and of minority children have higher cavity rates which were considered in evaluating this data. We will report more fully at a later date. The data supports stopping fluoridation in both Forks and Port Angeles. i i I I August 4, 2015, To PA City Council From Eloise Kailin, M.D. for Protect the Peninsula's Future The quick response to the letter submitted by Dr. Kennedy at your last meeting where Harvard deans supported water fluoridation is they can't afford not to. Forget science. Money talks. The money trail starts at CDC. Exhibit 1: e mail Jan. 30,2015 from Dr Weno, Director of Oral Health Division of CDC. Congress funded $15.7 million for year 2015, to CDC to provide grants to increase resources for community water fluoridation. , school dental sealant programs, and oral health infrastructure. CDC has a dog in this fight., a bureaucracy to protect, the blessing of every Surgeon General, and national policy making fluoride "the protected pollutant'. Scientific rules of evidence were broken by CDC's parent agency when fluoridation grabbed credit for falling rates of dental cavities even though cavities declined all over the world including areas with no water fluoridation. CDC then funded and heavily advertised results of flawed studies. EXHIBIT 2 Newsweek magazine 6129115., Douglas Main interviews Professor Trevor Shelden, Dean of the Hull York Medical School in the United Kingdom, leader for the famous York Study :.Quality of the old research is so bad Professor Trevor Shelden,told the reporter he was shocked. "I had assumed because of everything I had heard that water fluoridation reduces cavities but I was completely amazed by the lack of evidence...my prior view was completely reversed." Fluoridation is being abandoned by entire countries, the latest being Israel. EXHIBIT 3: Countries That Do Not Fluoridate Water. 5/1/08. EXHIBIT 4: Letter from Hardy Limeback DDS. PhD, Former head of Preventive Dentistry University of Toronto, and an author for the EPA Report on Fluoride in Drinking Water (2006). To Israeli Minister of Health, Yael German,August. 5,2014. Fluoridation significantly increases numbers of patients seeking costly dental repairs. Canada, population once 2/3 fluoridated has cut back to 1/3rd.. Children with fluorosis show lowered IQ. Fluoride promotes bone cancer. CDC also uses its influence to suppress publications adverse to its goals which brings us back to that letter signed by Deans of Harvard schools. In 1994, an accomplished dental researcher at Forsyth, the major affiliate of the Harvard School of Dental Medicine, was fired just after her paper was accepted for publication finding ingested fluoride is a neurotoxin. She states that Forsyth superiors told her: Quote "You are jeopardizing the financial support of this entire institution. If you publish these studies, the National Institute of Dental Research is not going to fund any more research at Forsyth." End quote. CDC plays hard ball! It appears that funding is the reason that the dean of the Harvard School of Dental Medicine supports fluoridation as stated in the March 2013 letter submitted July 28, 2015 by Dr. Kennedy. Tonight I thank local dental society president Dr Alan.Peet for disclosing that information provided by our pro fluoride contingent comes from CDC. Dr. Peet says documents cannot be produced. Local professionals accepted claims on faith and we in turn are asked to trust blind faith. EXHIBIT 5.Abstracts from July 21 Council meeting. Citizens of this community trust but verify and have done a magnificent job of presenting good scientific studies. Please continue to listen to them. "Safe and effective" is the false mantra of CDC. Toxic contents of our fluoridation product are largely unknown according to your own supplier, EXHIBIT 6. Certificate of Compliance for our fluoridation concentrate.A change of product in 2011 now includes arsenic, another neurotoxin. Calling something safe when its toxic contents cannot be disclosed is neither ethically or scientifically supportable. Arsenic adds a whole new toxic dimension. There is no known safe dilution level for this natural mineral which, like fluoride, is a poison. There is more to tell but this must wait for your hearing. Dear Dr. Weno, Dr. Cox was appointed to communications with roe on wa er fluoridatior, brrt y;ht! :raas riot r sponded to any of my emails. I hope she is ok. Can you assist IF)("? This week I was notified by my Senator's office of their r:cview of of W role body fluoride dosing citizens through the hazardous exposure la gogram know n i.-Is col rrrrrrrity water fluoridation. The conclusion of the Senator is that no federal juris(i ct on e-�dr;t, 0111(ir this program. Your email below though does provide some aujuiority am' funds to ciror rote in )c sted tnd clerrnal absorbed fluoride through the water supply. At this time, I am asking for a CDC medical public hcaltJh official to si ;r oIf o-r ,r veir"hcation for my adolescent son that his fluoride consumption is not impacting his bone growth ,,rd he�Jing. I have received local information on the hazardous fluoride co lc,,rntration he has ni vested and the corporation/company that provided the MSDS. My son i ; an elite ;rthlete and .s sdreduleri to see his ongoing orthopedic specialist next week. I had petitioned ATSDR back earlier in the year to provide mie with a l>Lilrlic he,111 it <rs�r-ssu-.en<<, but Dr. Cox said in the spring that .1 did not qualify for one. Can you please direct me to the appropriate person at Ci t_: who can asIS(ISs anc , r;rr o,f that my son's exposure to fluoride in the local water supply Is not havhw an advej-),e impact on I-J!, grow}__rg bones`? His bright future is dependent on this. Thanks, Jill. Jennings-McElheney Sent from my Wad On Jan 30, 2015, at 4:35 PM, Weno, Katherine (CDC /'(_)NOf dc ?v> wrote: Dear Ms. Jennings-McElheney, Thank you for your correspondence from January 3 and Janu�:,ry 2011_). ,';:.; rrot Hd ir, our previous reply, Section 317M of the PHS Act, 42 U.S-C. §247b_-pj. r)roVi(I-,S �.pec'ric: au thority for CDC to provide grants to increase rep cjjrcces for c:o nr,°runity ,,A.r„te2r iluo id abon in support of oral health promotion and disease prr�vention t-DC k; also -Al horir_edo, _t provide grants to support school-based dental s�aai nt: program.,_;, ,�rrd tea suer:on or& health infrastructure within states, territories, and' Indian tribes iar tribal o°;;ani. aticiis. The total budget appropriated by Congress to CDC for gall of these ac livities in Fi cal Year 201S was $15.7 million. CDC's Division of Oral Health does not h_�ve a1 budget dedicated, specifically to the promotion/progran-rmin g of conic aunity wa'.er flcr0rida3,-'In No additional resources have been appropriated tI rou, h the Car.e P,cl: PreVE� IIJon | � � UA.-I and Public Health Fund. / � I understand that since your correspondence to us, you have he.-.,n in coritivA w ,h s-taff from the Agency for Toxic Substances and 0seoseRegiytry (ATSDR) reque�tm;gyapc(iiionto � perform a public health assessment. As result, | vviU |etthern respond totbat asper1of your inquiry. ! Thank you for your continued interest in the pubUc'shealth, Sincerely, Katherine Weno, DDS, JD Director, Division ofOral xevld` National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and nea|d` promotiun Centers for Disease Control and p,evow�nn kweno@cdc.moy 770'488'6071 Newsweek Fluoridation May Not Prevent Cavities, Scientific Review Shows By Douglas Main 6/29/15 at 2:57 PM If you're like two-thirds of Americans, fluoride is added to your tap water for the purpose of reducing cavities. But the scientific rationale for putting it there may be outdated, and no longer as clear-cut as was once thought. Water fluoridation, which first began in 1945 in Grand Rapids, Michigan, and expanded nationwide over the years, has always been controversial. Those opposed to the process have argued—and a growing number of studies have suggested that the chemical may present a number of health risks, for example interfering with the endocrine system and increasing the risk of impaired brain function; two studies in the last few months, for example, have linked fluoridation to ADHD and underactive thyroid. Others argue against water fluoridation on ethical grounds, saying the process forces people to consume a substance they may not know is there or that they'd rather avoid. Despite concerns about safety and ethics, many are content to continue fluoridation because of its purported benefit: that it reduces tooth decay. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Division of Oral Health, the main government body responsible for the process, says it's "safe and effective." You might think, then, that fluoridated water's efficacy as a cavity preventer would be proven beyond a reasonable doubt. But new research suggests that assumption is dramatically misguided; while using fluoridated toothpaste has been proven to be good for oral health, consuming fluoridated water may have no positive impact. The Cochrane Collaboration, a group of doctors and researchers known for their comprehensive reviews—which are widely regarded as the gold standard of scientific rigor in assessing effectiveness of public health policies—recently set out to find out if fluoridation reduces cavities. They reviewed every study done on fluoridation that they could find, and then winnowed down the collection to only the most comprehensive, well-designed and reliable papers. Then they analyzed these studies' results, and published their conclusion in a review earlier this month. AL - 2 - The review identified only three studies since 1975 of sufficient quality to be included—that addressed the effectiveness of fluoridation on tooth decay in the population at large. These papers determined that fluoridation does not reduce cavities to a statistically significant degree in permanent teeth, says study co-author Anne-Marie Glenny, a health science researcher at Manchester University in the United Kingdom. The authors found only seven other studies worthy of inclusion dating prior to 1975. The authors also found only two studies since 1975 that looked at the effectiveness of reducing cavities in baby teeth, and found fluoridation to have no statistically significant impact here, either. The scientists also found "insufficient evidence"that fluoridation reduces tooth decay in adults (children excluded). "From the review, we're unable to determine whether water fluoridation has an impact on caries levels in adults," Glenny says. ("Tooth decay," "cavities" and "caries" all mean the same thing: breakdown of enamel by mouth-dwelling microbes.) "Frankly, this is pretty shocking," says Thomas Zoeller, a scientist at UMass-Amherst uninvolved in the work. "This study does not support the use of fluoride in drinking water." Trevor Sheldon concurred. Seldon is the dean of the Hull York Medical School in the United Kingdom who led the advisory board that conducted a systematic review of water fluoridation in 2000, that came to similar conclusions as the Cochrane review. The lack of good evidence of effectiveness has shocked him. "I had assumed because of everything I'd heard that water fluoridation reduces cavities but I was completely amazed by the lack of evidence," he says. "My prior view was completely reversed." "There's really hardly any evidence" the practice works, Sheldon adds. " And if anything there may be some evidence the other way." One 2001 study covered in the Cochrane review of two neighboring British Columbia communities found that when fluoridation was stopped in one city, cavity prevalence actually went down slightly amongst schoolchildren, while cavity rates in the fluoridated community remained stable. Overall the review suggests that stopping fluoridation would be unlikely to increase the risk of tooth decay, says Kathleen Thiessen, a senior scientist at the Oak Ridge Center for Risk Analysis, which does i human health risk assessments of environmental contaminants. i - 3 - "The sad story is that very little has been done in recent years to ensure that fluoridation is still needed [or] to ensure that adverse effects do not happen," says Dr. Philippe Grandjean, an environmental health researcher and physician at Harvard University. The scientists also couldn't find enough evidence to support the oft-repeated notion that fluoridation reduces dental health disparities among different socioeconomic groups, which the CDC and others use as a rationale for fluoridating water. "The fact that there is insufficient information to determine whether fluoridation reduces social inequalities in dental health is troublesome given that this is often cited as a reason for fluoridating water," say Christine Till and Ashley Malin, researchers at Toronto's York University. Studies that attest to the effectiveness of fluoridation were generally done before the widespread usage of fluoride-containing dental products like rinses and toothpastes in the 1970s and later, according to the recent Cochrane study. So while it may have once made sense to add fluoride to water, it no longer appears to be necessary or useful, Thiessen says. It has also become clear in the last 15 years that fluoride primarily acts topically, according to the CDC. It reacts with the surface of the tooth enamel, making it more resistant to acids excreted by bacteria. Thus, there's no good reason to swallow fluoride and subject every tissue of your body to it, Thiessen says. Another 2009 review by the Cochrane group clearly shows that fluoride toothpaste prevents cavities, serving as a useful counterpoint to fluoridation's uncertain benefits. Another study that year which tracked the fluoride consumption of more than 600 schoolchildren in Iowa showed there was no significant link between fluoride ingestion and tooth decay. Across all nine studies included in the review looking at caries reductions in children's permanent choppers, there was evidence linking fluoridation to 26 percent decline in the prevalence of decayed, missing or filled permanent teeth. But the researchers say they have serious doubts about the validity of this number. They write: "We have limited confidence in the size of this effect due to the high risk of bias within the studies and the lack of contemporary evidence." Six of the nine studies were from before 1975, before fluoride toothpaste was widely available. The review also found fluoridation was associated with a 14 percent increase in the number of children without any cavities. But more than two-thirds percent of the studies showing this took j place more than 40 years ago, and are not of high quality. - 4 - Nearly all these papers were flawed in significant ways. For example, 70 percent of the cavity- reducing studies made no effort to control for important confounding factors such as dietary sources of fluoride other than tap water, diet in general (like how much sugar they consumed) or ethnicity. When it comes to fluoridation research, even the best studies are not high quality. Although this was already well-established, it doesn't seem to be well-known. "I couldn't believe the low quality of the research" on fluoridation, Sheldon says. The data suggest that toothpaste, besides other preventative measures like dental sealants, flossing and avoiding sugar, are the real drivers in the decline of tooth decay in the past few decades, Thiessen says. Indeed, cavity rates have declined by similar amounts in countries with and without fluoridation. Meanwhile, dental health leaves much to be desired in widely fluoridated America: About 60 percent of American teenagers have had cavities, and 15 percent have untreated tooth decay. One thing the review definitively concluded: Fluoridation causes fluorosis. This condition occurs when fluoride interferes with the cells that produce enamel, creating white flecks on the teeth. On average, about 12 percent of people in fluoridated areas have fluorosis bad enough that it qualifies as an"aesthetic concern," according to the review. According to Sheldon, that's a"huge number." A total of 40 percent of people in fluoridated areas have some level of fluorosis, though the majority of these cases are likely unnoticeable to the average person. In a smaller percentage of cases, fluorosis can be severe enough to cause structural damage, brown stains and mottling to the tooth. Sheldon says that if fluoridation were to be submitted anew for approval today, "nobody would even think about it" due to the shoddy evidence of effectiveness and obvious downside of fluorosis. There is also a definite issue of inequality when it comes to fluorosis. Blacks and Mexican- Americans have higher rates of both moderate and severe forms of the condition. Blacks also have higher levels. As of 2004, 58 percent of African-Americans had fluorosis, compared to 36 percent of whites, and the condition is becoming more common. The Cochrane review concerned itself only with oral health. It didn't address other health problems associated with fluoride, which Grandjean says need to be researched. - 5 - Many of the Cochrane study's conclusions conflict with statements by the CDC, the American Dental Association and others that maintain fluoridation is safe and effective. The ADA, for example, maintains on its website that"thousands of studies" support fluoridation's effectiveness —which is directly contradicted by the Cochrane findings. The ADA didn't immediately respond to requests for comment. The CDC remains undeterred. "Nothing in the Cochrane review" reduces the government's "confidence in water fluoridation as a valuable tool to prevent tooth decay in children as well as adults," says Barbara Gooch, a dental researcher with CDC's Division of Oral Health. The CDC and others "are somehow suspending disbelief," Sheldon says. They are "all in the mindset that this is a really good thing, and just not accepting that they might be wrong." Sheldon and others suggest pro-fluoridation beliefs are entrenched and will not easily change, despite the poor data quality and lack of evidence from the past 40 years. Derek Richards, the editor of the journal Evidence-Based Dentistry (published by the prestigious Nature group) concedes that"we haven't got any current evidence" that fluoridation reduces cavities, "so we don't know how much it's reducing tooth decay at the moment," he says. "But I have no qualms about that." Richards reasons that because fluoridation may help reduce cavities in those who don't use toothpaste or take other preventative measures, including many in lower socioeconomic groups, it's likely still useful. He also argues that there's no conclusive evidence of harm from fluoridation (other than fluorosis), so he doesn't see a large downside. But most scientists interviewed for this article don't necessarily think fluoridation's uncertain benefits justify its continuation without more stringent evidence, and argue for more research into the matter. "When you have a public health intervention that's applied to everybody, the burden of evidence to know that people are likely to benefit and not to be harmed is much higher, since people can't choose," Sheldon says. Everybody drinks water, after all, mostly from the tap. "Public health bodies need to have the courage to look at this review," says Sheldon, "and be honest enough to say that this needs to be reconsidered." May 1. 2008 Countries That Do Not Fluoridate teir Wny countrics oppose water fluoridation. In 2000, government authorities from various countries wcrc asked if they fluoridated their water and if not, why. Several countries (Portu(gal, Ronnania, Denmark, usttiaa, and China) simply stated that their water was not fluoridated without giving any reasons. Other countrics that did not fluoridate provided the following reasons: The Netherlands: opposed to putting medical add 0ves iiito the ti Yor. 13elgiurn: opposed to putting medical additives into the"mr, Hungary: ran into technical problems that made fluoridation seem unreasonable. Switzerland: uses fluoridated salt instead but preserve choice since people can buy non-fluoridated salt. [;gotY 7lac most of fluoridation3 salt is horns by the manufacturer rathcr than by municipalities.] Luxembourg: ``ch-inldng water i ril Be suitable wary for medicinal treatment. . . people needing an addition of fluoride can decide by their own to use the most appropriate way, like the intake of fluoride tablets" Sweden: "llrinking vv<atcr fluoridation is not allowed in Sweden due to repeal in 1971 of the Drinking �\Iater Fluoridation Act issued in 1962. . . . New scientific documentation or changes in the dental health situation that could alter they conclusions of the commission have not been shown." Norway: "we had a rater intense discussion on this subject sonic 20 years ago, and the conclusion was that drinking water should not be fluoridated. It was therefore up to each individual to decide whether to use fluoride tablets, toothpaste or mouthwash." Finland: has no fluoridation became "Icre are better ways of providing the fluoride our teeth need." Ile Finnish Dentists' Association re-canrnrends the use of fluoride pills. ,Japan: "there is no need to supply fluoridated Neater to ALL users because(1) the impacts of fluoridated water on human health depends on each human being so that inappropriate application may cause hcaalth problems of vulnerable people, and (2) there. is [sic] other ways for the purpose of dental health care, such as direct F-coating on teeth and using fluoridated dental paste and these ways should be alalalicd at one's five tivill." "ranee: "Fluoride chcmicaals are not included in the: IN [of`chemicals for drinking water treatment']. 'Phis is due to ethical as wcll as medical considerations." (Louis !Awc er I)ireeteurrle Ire Protection Q 110vironrnent, .f#llgitst25; 2000). 1 rance does have fluoridated salt as a choice. Czech Republic: Stopped fluoridation in 1989 because it was (1)uneconomical since `-only 0.54`% of watcr suitable for drinking water is used as such,;: (2) "tn ecological," (3) "unethical (forced medication)," (4) it'disregards actual individual intake and requirernents". taadia: Rather than putting fluoride into the water, India is removing; "Be Aumkic that pollutes the water naturally. . .we know that fluoride is injurious to health." Furthermore, it is mandated that toothpaste cartons indicate the fluoride content and state that"children below 4 years of age should not use fluoridated toothpaste as fluoride is injurious to health." hadia has a problem with fluorosis in 17 of Be 32 states leading the government to recommcnd that individuals not use fluoridated toothpaste. Germany: stopped all fluoridation and provided the nitat extensive reasons for that action via a position statement issued by the DVCs`w't% (Gernian 7 eehnVA and Scientific Association toy Gas and Water). As the letter indicated, 'Ile 10nmi ion is dated 1992, but we still fully agree with this statement." Ile UVG\V sets technical standards that are used in Be operation of water systems in Germany and the h,uropean L'ipion. Ile Wowing are quotes from the DVGW position_statenicnt. (I) "It is not the task of xvatcr supply coi7aparaies to add substances to drinking water intended as prophylactics against illness not caused by drinking «,awr." (`') "C arics is not the manifestation of fluoride deficiency, but is the result of a generally faalse nutrition and inefficient dental May 1. 2008 hygiene. Unmvholesorne habits resulting in caries arc not eliminated by tic fluoridation of drinking water; oil the contrary, they are promoted." (3) "The suggested optimal fluoride concentration of I nng per litre is very close to the dose with which long term detrimental effects in people cannot be excluded. . . the limit value in drinking, water cannot be justified in view of different habits and therefore differing consumption of drinking water and the uncontrolled intake of fluorides Wom other sources. Ile safety of a lifelong accumulation of fluoride in the human body as a result of increased intake; is disputed in rn"Ucal science dwoughout the world." (4) "More than 99 per cent [of'fluoride contained in drinking water] would be discharged with waste water directly into the. environment. This additional fluoride emission into waters is unacceptable for ecological reasons." (5) "The consumer cannot avoid fluoridated drinking \,-atcr made available by public water supply. This mandatory intake of fluoride violates the basic right to bodily freedom from injury, . . . Provided by the Basic Law of the federal Republic of Germany." (6) "Fluoride intake for the prevention of caries is more effective with specific measures taken by the individual than by fluoridation of eh inking water." (7) "An assessment of risks vs. benefit;s involving both the health aspects and ecological consequences justifies DVGW's rejection of the fluoridation of drinking water." Most of these countries without water fluoridation rank well above the united States in terms of low inkint mortality rates and long life expectancies---comm(mly used benchmarks for the overall health of a country's citizens. The estimated 2008 data fCf.)m the OA World Factbook ranks the USA in 470 place on Nit expectancy (well behind Japan, France, Sweden, Switzerland, Italy; Norway, Austria, Nether]and s, Luxembourg, Gernnany, Belgium. and Finland), and in 43"1 place on infant rnlortality rate (behind Portugal, Belgium, Austria. Denmark, Spain, Switzerland, Germany, Norway, Finland, France, Japan, and Sweden). Hence, it is difficult to argue that these countries are uninformed on health matters. Tooth Decay Trends: Fluoridated vs. Untluoridated Countries ;. r., It is also difficult to _ argue that the decline in tootle decay in the USA is the result of w_ , fluoridation since tooth e decay rates arc r dropping in all I � countries, whether fluoridated or not, as can be soon by the graphic to the left. „ Such data likely reflect the fact that dental care and health practices have improved in all -- -r-- ---- --- , countries. Year The preceding information indicates that fort Angeles could preserve choice and still not compromise tooth_decay rates by stopping the fluoridation of water. Improved dental hygiene education together 4vith alternative measures such as providing xylitol gum, fluoride tablets, fluoridated toothpaste, and monetary assistance to Imv income families would achieve the goals of both proponents and opponents of water fluoridation and at Ear less cost. i i i August 15,2014,letter from Hardy Limeback DDS,PhD, to the Israeli Minister of Health, Yael German Dear Minister German: I have been following the debate on fluoridation in Israel for some time. http://www.j post.com/Health-a nd-Science/Backlash-against-Hea Ith-M inister-Yael-Germa n-for-her- decision-to_stop_fluoridation-360188 I served 3.5 years on the US National Academies of Sciences Subcommittee on Fluoride in Drinking Water. The NAS is sometimes referred to as the'Supreme Court of Science',an organization that sets up unbiased(or balanced)committees to review scientific issues of concern to Americans.The committee on which I served examined the health effects of fluoride in drinking water.Our report,published March 22, 2006,can be found online at http/Lww.nap.eduJcatalog_PhR.record id=11571 Our committee was funded by the US EPA—we were charged NOT to examine the benefits of fluoridation but we certainly reviewed all relevant literature on the toxicity of fluoride,including those at low levels of intake,including the toxic side effects of fluoridation. The EPA has still not made a ruling on the maximum contaminant level goal(MCLG)for fluoride, while the Department of Human Health Services, being concerned about the dental fluorosis that fluoridation is causing,has lowered its recommendation for levels of fluoride in drinking water to 0.7 mg/L (ppm).The American Dental Association and the Center for Disease Control in the US both agreed that fluoridated tap water should not be used to make up infant formula,since that increases the risk of dental fluorosis.To me,dental fluorosis is a biomarker for fluoride poisoning,not just of developing teeth but of all mineralizing tissues.Health Canada,taking the recommendation of only profluoridation experts, continues to recommend fluoridation(now at a lowered level of 0.7 ppm)despite mounting evidence that the optimum therapeutic level of fluoride in drinking water,if there is even any benefit at all,is at 0.35 ppm or less. I have personally conducted years of funded research at the University of Toronto on the topic of fluorosis (fluoride poisoning)and bone effects of fluoride intake. A bone study,for which we received national funding,comparing hipbones of people who live in Toronto(fluoridated since 1963)to the bones of people from Montreal(Montreal has never been fluoridated),suggested disturbing negative changes in the bone quality of Torontonians.This is not something that was supposed to happen. Fluoridation was only supposed to affect teeth. Since we studied a cross section of the population as they were selected for hip replacement,we were unable to examine only those people who were exposed to fluoridation fora lifetime. If we had been able to do this,we would have seen a much greater negative effect of fluoride since fluoride accumulates with age(our study confirmed that). The NAS committee examined the literature on the effects of fluoride on bone up until 2006.Since that time there have been more studies to confirm the link between fluoridation and bone changes,as well as a link to bone cancer.Our Toronto vs Montreal study was not included in the 2006 review by the US National Academies of Sciences because it only just got published in 2010. 1 am also the co-author of studies that show that too much fluoride accumulation in the dentin of teeth (the tissue that supports enamel)causes its properties to change as well. I suspect that a lifetime of fluoride accumulation on teeth causes them to be more brittle and fracture more easily.This effect of fluoridation has never been examined. As a practicing dentist,I have been diagnosing and treating patients with dental fluorosis for over 30 years.My research on dental fluorosis(confirmed by the studies reported in the 2006 NRC report as well as the York review)show fluoridation significantly increases the numbers of patients seeking expensive cosmetic repairs.No one in public health has ever accounted for the added costs of treating dental fluorosis when considering the cost-benefit ratio of fluoridation. Our 2006 NRC(NAS)report also concluded that there is a likelihood that fluoride can promote bone cancer.On page 336 it is stated Fluoride appears to have the potential to initiate or promote cancers, particularly of the bone,but the evidence to date is tentative and mixed(Tables 10-4 and 10-5).This alone should force the EPA to set a fluoride maximum contaminant level goal for fluoride in drinking water at ZERO(as it did for arsenic).The EPA has not yet made a decision as to fluoride's carcinogenicity. In addition we now know that fluoride is neurotoxic and that children with noticeable fluorosis have lowered IQs. I have looked at this from all angles and I have to conclude that fluoridated cities would save money on fluoridation costs,parents would save on costly dental bills treating dental fluorosis,dental decay rates would remain unchanged or even continue to decline(as has been demonstrated in many modern fluoridation cessation studies)and the health of city residents would improve when industrial waste products are no longer added/to the drinking water(I find it absurd that the fluoride used to fluoridate drinking water is derived from industrial waste without purification,increasing carcinogenic heavy metal levels,such as arsenic and radionuclides,in the drinking water). In my opinion,purposely adding carcinogens to the drinking water at levels that are known to increase cancer rates(e.g.arsenic at parts per billion),in my opinion,is against all concepts of'do no harm'.Lawsuits have now been launched to hold those responsible for this practice accountable. Several Canadian cities have decided it is not worth continuing the practice of fluoridation.These can be viewed at COF-COF.ca.The number of communities that are no longer fluoridating their drinking water has reduced the total percentage of Canadians on artificially fluoridated water down from 2/3 to about 1/3. There is no doubt in my mind that fluoridation has next to no benefit in terms of reduced dental decay.The modern literature is clear on that.Fluoridation cessation studies fail to show an increase in dental decay.In fact,caries rates continue to drop.The York review,held up as the best evidence for'safe and effective'for fluoridation is flawed because a)it could not find a single randomized,double blinded clinical trial,b)none of the clinical trials adjusted for confounding factors known to affect dental decay such as vitamin D levels,daily sugar intake,sweeteners,fissure sealants etc..c)lumping modern studies with very old studies when decay rates were a lot higher resulted in an over-estimate of the benefit. In the 1950's,when fluoridation started to catch on,it was claimed that there was as much as a 40% benefit.Despite the evidence being very weak,fluoridation might have been worthwhile,especially since fluoridated toothpastes were not introduced until the late 1960's.After the introduction of fluoridated toothpaste,the benefit of fluoridation declined.Now,if there is any benefit at all,one could expect perhaps a 5-10%benefit in children. If half the children are already cavity free and the average decay rates are only two cavities per child it means cities have to fluoridate for 20 years in order to save one decayed surface for every fifth child. More recent studies conducted in Australia show that a lifetime of fluoridation MIGHT save about one tooth from decay from childhood to middle age.Clearly,that is NOT a policy that demonstrates fiscal responsibility and cities that do not do due diligence in terms of cost- benefit analysis are wasting tax payers money and may actually be putting their councillors in a position of liability.The claim that for every$1 spent on fluoridation saves$38 was never accurate and is currently exceedingly misleading.It simply is a lie. No government agency anywhere in the world is properly monitoring the accumulation of fluoride in people consuming fluoridated water.You cannot medicate people without knowing whether.they are overdosing on the medication and whether there are any long-term negative health effects. Fluoride added to drinking water has NOT been shown to be safe and effective.In fact,as more and more peer-reviewed studies on fluoride toxicity appear in the literature,it has become clear to me that the pendulum is certainly shifting to`not safe,and no longer effective'. I would be more than happy to provide you and all the Israeli experts in the CC list a full list of peer- reviewed studies on which I have based my expert opinion expressed in this email. You have made the right decision NOT to fluoridate in Israel.Congratulations. Sincerely, Dr.Hardy Limeback BSc, PhD,DDS Professor Emeritus and Former Head of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto 3 Y^ PO •� L- L co o F co N },� r0 ,c c O U c� � r-L o '° �, co m rs o ° o ° cn ° on cn s � > 03 a O ' a� N C > n r O by s. O y r °- o ° 3 >° o 3 c Q a Q on > fs, E = c c ° 4 7 ° cn c i ° � s CL U I ►� . L� �- ct E 3 C3 Y y — x aasi > vUi .� •y L = a`i �... C-q i75 C's O o Y — •°— ° c. ° ono z a C 2 CJ CIS c E � N 0 � 4� G> ° O U O N bn U A E • "� p ate, E ° Z U °�° E ^o c O o y > � w. as o v U L E as ° ° o o o ¢ Q ce Q a L c �bA p N E p° v cQ 3 O OU U O C s. Y ° y ° Q x cs °fl ° � s E . C. .Q ,� c � ° o y -c E c �, " E — U ° 3 �j ° — ° c� •E v � � v E E _ > cz i w fl v ° a E on x -a v Q o v C13 E-� 9 °—>' U w o c o 0 3 o -tl o °�' o o a > .° o 0 3 .° ° ca c � '' Cj C U �U-+ c� O o O N U O O �_ O cG U ai U O i _. v 0 0 cz ° ; ° o ❑ o o w o ° o Y �? ' o ° °- > ° n o o i bn ct Ln 3 o 3 (i o °' . .H ou o �? o ss fl o a U o — o v > w^ o o o o ca bn ° o y o o ° n o ° a a ° c o o '" > H °' c o C3 O t cs o > 3 ° o U fl • o � c c H i ¢ aoi c cz c o o ct c o .N '3 o ° Uo N Q) 4. U c ct T ° ° o y .fl U RS V) U >0 C3 al "o a v o o � N a `� 3 a ° o a Q ° -o . o Y -0 bn o w o °' o ° o o c a s � ° 3 o N .oQ E &p o o y o c .¢ �' > 4 -O v Y O o o c 3 w o o o .= a b0 ° Y `'--� •�—" •� ° 't3 O p°n "' W a"Oi >, N rUn ° O •C �° O 3 S-+ bA U O�.? U .L' c° ..a � 4�' 'C3 +�. bA � OU �' .� N Ct CZ cz v, N E"' z o E—' Q w L7 U V] 0 u i ai vUi cUn �'.. "3 cn o 0 t cz a ° Tx _ cz Y bi) ° c�5 al = s E �' s o o ° ° a� ° 0 o ff ct o y c DSO � ° � :� � � � °_' � °' � a � rC 0 -a o 3 c cz E c ° o v I- *Z; c�l 0 Y ° 0 3 3 b) Y aS T ti C cu C v' N a .cz '0 sue. O ,� ,> Y 0- = N •-- s.. bn o c� ° o U 'A ; > c ° ma c o 0 r- -0 bn E5 71- ct > °�' ° ? ° ° a• 3 s s Tcl. c° T O a5 s aC sbn,v aj (D a3 S5 E cz 7E In a3 N ,� O ° as Q 4-• N s.. -Y O bi) O a� .0 0. O 0 3 0 0 - 0 0 E a bn a ° 0 ; ° s° H 3 ° as B a 05 Y c ° o > is c 3 ' a > c o ° w n c�3 a T ° 0 0 0 � 0 0 o w 3 3 _ 4 s a; ° ° ° 0 s ° o > 0 0 o s o 0 o E o c a, o s c 3 o w 0 ° °��' aoi ' c a a y 3 3 >o ° p° CL s c E ° v c > 0 0 ° o m C Y i v o 3 r- < � "C asi `� s O T E 3 ° , c cz s as E ° Y > s > v ° c E3 o 4 C3 a ° O 7 s ° ca as s a C O as c• bn ca °o O o cz F C7 U 3 'sa s t c °— oL. a °��' 3 p cz 3 a 3 x a o Ln bn bn ct az cz � 3 ,S-+ O � � bA Q rn U .0 ,U, "O U cC Q � dj U 'O G S '� > O U U U '�''• > p.Z o cl, Qj cc o ° > p o CL c o o H 8 ° ° 3 ° >° C u u 4? o Y •O chi O C w p., � v ct CZ i5 cu > cz ct cq '0 S a o o ct a Y U bn U ° V u U o 0 3 3 v y w o > o C�3 4 s U °' ° U a ai o ZS bn o y sW.. •� U y .c '� .dn ° > "' •.,_, p U -c y s v ca U >'F, 3 O api "� •v bn'CJ N C O ca N ° bn'> := C �' N Y t O > U > s ti C N c� C ct C,3 C4 ° y �ct � � c, �, .a U � o � � � ° � � o � Y o � U ° bn p � � � 3 •° cc � • o a. U RT O CZ b— On u 0 N sr ._ U W N Q U L1. O ..0 U U Q O U Q bn 'S p,• °V 'G ,�,., O vQi i i r o at WS •'• V v �i � � � •o �-^ o ° � " � -o �., a� a>i .°' � � a� O '" a�i bA � � = -- zo7 a3 c No 3 I v bj)o o Q ° bn ° E o o �? a y w° ° zs U o N '� o ° N bn ° ° bn � � i V ° `� � cr., Q„ '� � .a ° 3 � w Y c � 4� o � bn 3 � ° � .c n, o � •c o 0 ~ s w- ..c ` 0.4 o ° ° ° Q ° Rs o s� v o U o > 3 a a i (D °A > o E� 3 o o x o r �i �.+ +rr y •D, o ;� o v' z � Y C bn a3 F5 y °a o on 7.1 C5 113 IV' S3 a3 al v 0 U cs o s 4 4 ° = a -0 o ° o ° 1 a o v :s 3 a3i o °' o N bA o W, C13 ai C5 CU Ct tn a3 4- C11 v, vi '�, -C3 +=• cd cu vii >, o t1, a� F-. a> o -cs -a cs bn ?:kb bn ~ s X p = ' Ry o �., •c �p ..0 Q ^c; 3 cam, s o •° 3 y a Y °�' o 2 a°i °sa c �_ c o.0 to ,�. O A �•, 'i. O (� a� o cG U Y R• v a; ° v U •> o o 'is °oN o > O a 3 s 3 Q u o aXi a o 0 3 .c a i i cs c O bA c > LL bii p r •,p U O cG ct ' o v� N r ° a> " o « C13 z U 'C a3 C�3 00 ct p O > w ° °' «s °' �O (D bA U °s' v ° zs O O oc «s o a = «s o «s w cn V ° v w "'Cl N ° o w 3 cZ In a U v w rn o ° c bin a L x 01) w ° cn� s. a� 0 � ° � 3 «s �, w � D ° o � " � " 0 0 0 ° o al cl� ac�i ct axi O a a� x s y W n > C/) C,3 Q y c Q o a ° a3 Y b C's Q «s In v V) ° «s Y > on > c s cz CIS v cc . In cz b°n ti ° i CJ Q o o bin o o y c c bn al ct NE Y cl cc; tiD a W > C13 s Q ° a cl� o FE Q -, bn bUn ° C� O a3i U °' bn ° °' U O U °' ai at U CD C3 u ' c o of o a x v o c� > •� on °' o o n o o Q) 0 � � . > o O > bn C O ° n O O � U a In in U U v) o o U a s o °' a TS U aw �� > °�° o ° U w o oo .E a o o c > •� a .5 s on > qn O ° i c a N N a fl 3 U D � O ° p c •°— •� cs ox ° Y 3 Q) -v s L p W ct p axi Y O ° Y �U > x m a�i °—' ai ..4 °n`• Q. ° a�i > m a�i � -a N U �n V U o ° 7 ai A vv Y o 3 TS U ° i a? > U a U s U cn �.-M E �- Z Z 0 o C •0 � oC'3 .� is N o c v c 3 U N o o o ° a) cC n v o o o ul z o on cz c o x 0 n ° o o a? 3 y o c w o bb a �r U a 0 o ai > (� a� fl C U vU °J US N o 'n U U in C a� U � c °' �:° •� ;o c W � � � on °�' � � •on� c°� � -� °��' .o -° a>i w on o o � > c a� Ts o ¢ > Y_ o y U a � C 0 0 � bD�� N O p "C3 RS 4° Q•'S � 0 3 - N .SUC C O E- o 01 0.1 c on ate' a x o E O c� E W CL.4C a o E .E °� 3 . Q 1 ' bA a) p C Y W ° i U u O U � O 0 3 a Y .:L O.. > CIS O vUi O sue°. O ct X c� > U cs U > C N cG U � fl ; o c U p ° .44 3 o bA bA 3 -a v_ > _ �_ ° = a 3 3 ° C,3 a3 al C15 Gj Q. i� Q v U" -0 U P p � 'bA z � bA � O � .o ao �- i �, O s Q p U > as RY b�A U � x x s� ct m° o ° bA at C °ten °' 3 °—' ct o ._ C �y cz N i. cC cn O p ct bA Ll M i, rC..`.•w Q n 3 " °' °' t Y CZ a C' b°A U o o y ° c� W b�A u o tkb C,zi •■Wiy Q7 c�C •-O � ¢" O U bA � �" � � `n � <n > �" � ¢ U y.. O U > r-' � L'. � U 'T. P-M CIS U a O Y cG 3 'vri � � 3 °O U o � o cl, y ' 'n -0.� i x - 3 o cz 0 ct cn -0 CIO U u to -c c n Q N p a? o N Q bb o x ° ct u o � Z .. . o a� c� o a) D go 62 IN& N C,3 v r O � U U p, p as tb CIJ cz OEM, N C3 as ti 0 Q i ct s p C,3 03 cz 73 Vol 00 cn U C13 +�- LS N N fl O fl U y I U bA Z ct En CIS bA O N ai bhp p O N '° N oMo z U N 3 bA cz a� ct C3 U o ;z O -o o p cn p a� N a cd 67� >, p un ct tb o ct o o ID p 3 o o '� to � '� N , - ° STS 'n O U 0 3 3 N �a cz U o � \ \ \, ' � ('trtifica1e of ,!zz�al\/sis ` S�0P�JT PRL)5�H�T�S LLL DATE.- Thursday, S terabei: 06 201 2 TD: Cascade Columbia ___ ___-_____ � _ M��ucz� FIUcrnuiUrio �� o! chng '�uwibec 0I8442FZS Rail Cur Nozuboz: GATX 6I4 2� ____________________ _ [ utcAna"yxed: September b nr 6 2012 i`chor ln[o�cnadon� D'�Ieuoe � G21 0 24J Analysis Name �Pcci nzl�xi� as BIi� -----------'----- ''--- 25�� l3r� ��l, �� ` ---�--------�- -----'--'-----------� 0o2 HF ________________'_-_-�---- --------�------'------------- vvoP305 __-____-_-------------------- -'----- - --' L23 Specific gr�!�-A � _--__--_-_-_____-_____-_�____-_-_-_'__-� ' -----------� U�48 (Pb) __-____-----------------'-- _ _ ( � 2V0 __________________________-_�'__�-_ Color ----- �� O Visible Suspended �,NSF ' .. Title,, P-10- FC�ertifted to Max. use7: mc*ts ANSI/Av*wA B703oo8 A critique of recent economic evaluations of community water fluoridation. -PubMed-N.'.. Page 1;of 2 PubMed Abstract. Full text links Int J Occup Environ Health. 2015 Mar;37(1):91-120. doi: 10.1179/2049396714Y.0000000093. _N 105*_ A critique of recent economic evaluations of community water fluoridation. Ko L, Thiessen KM. Abstract BACKGROUND: Although community water fluoridation (CWF) results in a range of potential contaminant exposures, little attention has been given to many of the possible impacts. A central argument for CWF is its cost-effectiveness. The U.S. Government states that $1 spent on CWF saves $38 in dental treatment costs. OBJECTIVE: To examine the reported cost-effectiveness of CWF. METHODS: Methods and underlying data from the primary U.S. economic evaluation of CWF are analyzed and corrected calculations are described. Other recent economic evaluations are also examined. RESULTS: Recent economic evaluations of CWF contain defective estimations of both costs and benefits. Incorrect handling of dental treatment costs and flawed estimates of effectiveness lead to overestimated benefits. The real-world costs to water treatment plants and communities are not reflected. CONCLUSIONS: Minimal correction reduced the savings to $3 per person per year (PPPY) for a best-case scenario, but this savings is eliminated by the estimated cost of treating dental fluorosis. KEYWORDS: Caries prevention,; Cost benefit,; Cost effectiveness,; Cost of water fluoridation,; Dental fluorosis; Economic evaluation,; Effectiveness in adults,; Water fluoridation, MAD: 25471729 [PubMed.- in process} LinkOut - more resources ttbMed �rnmo s PubMed Commons home .�0 comments http://www.ncbi,nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25471729 8/4/2015 224 Vol. 67, No. 4, Fall 2007 A Comparison of Dental Treatment Utilization and Costs by HMO Members Living in Fluoridated and Nonfluoridated Areas Gerardo Maupom6, BDS, MSc, PhD; Christina M. Gullion, PhD; Dawn Peters, PhD; Sally Jo Little, RDH, MS Abstract Z40(ff`'t Ge changing epidemiological Objectives: To compare dental treatment experiences and costs in members of profile of caries, however, data are a health maintenance organization (HMO) in areas with and without community needed on the cost-effectiveness and water fluoridation. Methods: HMO members with continuous dental eligibility health consequences of CWF and (January 1, 1990 to December 31, 1995) who resided in Oregon and Washington other fluoride technologies. were identified using administrative databases. Fluoridation status was determined Cost-effectiveness analysis — by geocoding subscriber address. Measures were utilization of dental procedures, assessment of the comparative inn- fluoride dispensings, and associated costs. Costs were based on nonmember fees, pacts of expenditures on different adjusted to 1995 dollar values. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance, controlling for age and interactions. Results:About 85 percent of eligible members health interventions(10)—can inform (n=51,683) were classified as residing either in a fluoridated(n= 12,194) or non- resource allocation decisions to fluoridated(n=39,489)area. Mean age was 40.0 years;52.3 percent were women. improve health.One major evaluation More than 92 percent of members had one or more dental visits. Community water aspect of any preventive program is to fluoridation was associated with reduced total and restorative costs among members estimate the net cost or savings real- with one or more visits, but the magnitude and direction of the effect varied with ized through preventing disease and locale and age and the effects were generally small. In two locales, the cost of reducing the need for treatment. Net restorations was higher in nonfluoridated areas in young people(<age 18)and older dental treatment costs associated with adults(>age 58). In younger adults, the opposite effect was observed. The impact of prevention of caries should be fluoridation may be attenuated by higher use of preventive procedures, in particular supplemental fluorides,in the nonfluoridated areas. Conclusions:These results are included in the economic analysis of particularly relevant to insured populations with established access to dental care. CWF programs.Estimates of net treat- Differences in treatment costs(savings)associated with water fluoridation should be meat costs should include the initial estimated and included in future cost-effectiveness analyses of community water restoration, replacement costs, cast fluoridation, restorations, endodontic therapy, extractions, bridges, and so on (11). Key Words fluoridation, cost, dental care utilization, dental restorations, health CWF cost-effectiveness analyses maintenance organizations have not typically included reduced caries treatment costs, thereby over- estimating the marginal change in Introduction US community water systems were health care costs attributable to CWF Dental caries remains a prevalent fluoridated, short of the relevant goal (12). Cost-effectiveness guidelines disease. Nearly 80 percent of adoles- of at least 75 percent in Healthy are based on the appraisal of the cents have had one or more carious People 2000 (7) and Healthy People performance of preventive programs lesions (1), and 93.8 percent of 2010 (8). With the proliferation of (13,14), but no consensus has been adults have evidence of treated or fluoride technologies applied to indi- reached on whether to include treat- untreated caries (2). While optimal vidual patients, smaller differences ment savings or not (11), and very water fluoridation has long been exist in caries experience between few estimates have been done of the known to reduce caries experience community water fluoridated (CWF) potential cost savings associated with (3-6), by 1992 only 62 percent of the and nonfluoridated (NF) areas (9). CWF. Send correspondence and reprint requests to Dr. Geardo MaWpome, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, 415 Lansing Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202-2876. Tel.: 317-274-5529; Fax: 317-274-5425; e-mail: Gerardo Maupome is with the Oial Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, and The Regenstrief Institute, Inc. Christina M. Gullion is with the Center for Health Research,Kaiser Permanente Northwest.Dawn Peters is with the Oregon Health and Science University.Sally Jo Little is with the Center for Health Research,Kaiser Permanente Northwest and Pacific University,School of Dental Health Science.Source of support:Support provided by a contract with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a contract with"Fhe HMO Group(Alliance for Community Health Nans), New Brunswick,NJ.Contract Number 200-95-0953;Task Order Number 0953-005.Support for Dr.Peters through NIDCR K25 DE14093.previously presented:White I3A, Little SJ,and Martin JA. Fluoridation and its impact on the use and cost of dental care.jow-nal of Public health Dentistly 1998;58(2):181. Manuscript received: 3/6/06; accepted for publication: 5/13/07. (02007, American Association of Public Health Dentistry DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2007.00033.x Dental Treatment and Fluoridation Status 225 One study found that in adults KPDCP, contract their salaried ser- there was moderately good: the per- aged 20-34 yews with private dental vices exclusively to KPDCP as a self- centage of days each year that the insurance, CWF reduced disease but governing, independent professional water was fluoridated ranged from may or may not have reduced the group; they use their professional 58 to 98 percent. During 5 of the 6 use of restorative services (12). The judgment in deciding what care to study years, water was fluoridated at researchers speculated that in CWF provide, within the guidelines set by optimum levels (between 0.5 and regions with a large number of den- the group. I ppm) on at least 76 percent of the tists, less disease and more dentist Administrative data from dental days. Thus, this area was intermedi- competition might have resulted in HMO subscribers and their depen- ate between Clark and Marion coun- supplier-induced restorative demand. dents (collectively, members) were ties in fluoridation compliance. Another study used epidemiological included in the study if members: Fluoridation Status. To deter- data from national surveys to model a) were continuously eligible for mine the fluoridation status of the reduction in dental treatment and dental services from,January 1, 1990 members, addresses of KPDCP sub- associated costs. It found that the through December 31, 1995; and b) scribers were provided to the Metro reduction in restorative care costs as a had the then-current subscriher resi- Data Resource Center (DRC) in result of averted disease attributed to Bence address in the Portland, OR, Portland, OR. The DRC linked water CWF exceeded the cost of water fluo- metropolitan area (Clackamas, MUIt- provider information to each address ridation in communities of any size nomah, and Washington counties), (geocoded) using geographic infor- (15)• A third study found differences Marion County, OR (primarily mation systems. Subscribers whose ascribable to caries prevalence and Salem), or Clark County, WA (prima- address was located within 100 feet community size (16). A recent study rily Vancouver), that could be classi- of a city, county, or water district estimated costs (and savings) associ- fied as having a fluoridated or NF boundary were excluded (n=137). ated with CWF in permanent teeth, water supply (HMO administrative Subscribers whose address was including patients' time spent while data sets provide only current add- located in a water district with a obtaining care and the cost of CWF ress, precluding ascertainnhent of his- known fluoridation status were (17). While the results were robust torical changes). assigned to that status group. Depen- under a variety of assumptions, these Fluoridated and NF Regions. dents of a subscriber were classified reports did not use actual treatment Each of the three geographic locales by the subscriber's residence address experience or longitudinal restorative contained both CWF and NF water locale and fluoridation status. cost data to estimate costs and/or districts, and we observed three Outcome Measures and Vari- savings. levels of fluoridation compliance able Acquisition. Outcome mea- The objective of this study was to across the three locales. This varia- surer were dental services that identify the dental treatment experi- tion was an important factor in fluoridation could directly influence, ences of persons living in CWF and designing the analyses, which evalu- costs and number of procedures, NF areas and to evaluate differences ated the contribution of locale as including prescribed fluorides, in dental treatment costs using a well as fluoridation status to costs derived from KPNW administrative, 1990-95 dataset from a dental health and number of procedures. dental treatment, and Outpatient maintenance organization (HMO). In Clark County, water districts pharmacy databases. These data- While the data collection was con- with CWF(primarily Vancouver)con- bases also were used to identify con- temporary, data analyses and publi- sistently had fluoride levels within the tinUOUS membership and dental cation were unfortunately delayed optimum range of 0.8 to 1.3 parts per office visits. for years. million (ppm). Number of Procedures. The In contrast, in Marion County primary utilization measure was the Materials and Methods water districts (primarily Salem), number of procedures per member Institutional review board appro- CWF optimum criteria for fluorida- among those with any dental visits val was obtained for this data-only tion were only intermittently met. For in the 6-year period (and hence study. 3 of the 6 years of the study period, nonzero costs). We separately exam- Study Population and Its Envi- the percentage of days each year that ined counts of restorative procedrres ronment. Kaiser Permanente North- the fluoride level in the water supply and two primarily preventive proce- west region (KPNW) is a not-for- was equal to or greater than 0.5 ppm dares — first, pit-and-fissure sealants profit, federally qualified HMO that was less than 25 percent. In only 2 and preventive resin restorations served about 162,800 dental plan of the 6 years did this percentage (S/PRR), and second, supplemental members in 1990 in Northwest exceed 50 percent,and on more than (other than over the counter) fluo- Oregon and Southwest Washington. 300 days in 1993, fluoride levels ride dispensings. To measure sup- The KPNW Dental Care Program were lower than 0.5 ppm. elemental fluoride dispensings, the (KPDCP) offers comprehensive The only fluoridated water district KPDCP list of products containing preventive and restorative services. in the Portland metro locale is the fluoride was compared with dispens- Dentists, who are not employees of Tualatin Valley, OR. Compliance ing records to determine the number 226 Journal of Public Health Dentistry of members who had any dispens- Analysis of covariance has impor- and locale and/or fluoridation status, ings of such products during the tant assumptions that we tested (18) we estimated the predicted value of study period (either prescribed or before settling on a final model. We the dependent variable in the six administered in-office), evaluated the assumption that the cells at three arbitrarily selected Costs. We used nonmember fees relationship between age and each values of age, in order to illustrate as the basis for setting costs of all dependent variable was linear; if it how costs varied as a function of procedures listed above. Nonmem- was not, we planned to analyze a age. We selected the mean: age 10, ber fees were those that would have nonlinear function of age that more the midpoint of the youngest 10 been charged a non-KPDCP member accurately represented the relation- percent, and age 80, about the Who used KPDCP services in the ship (e.g., age-squared, age-cubed). middle of the oldest 10 percent. year that the procedure was carried We tested two homogeneity assump- out.Procedure fees for all years were tions: a) that age has the same asso- Results converted to 1995 dollars using the ciation with outcome in all of the six Sample Identification. We dental component of the Consumer groups (three locales by two fluOri- identified 60,732 eligible members, Price Index (CPI). Procedure codes dation statuses:) and b) that the dif- each of whom was linked to the in the treatment database for each ferences between NF and CWF areas address of an HMO subscriber member were linked to the proce- were proportional across different (n=28,887). Duplicate, post office dare fees to obtain costs for dental locales. We set (X at 0.20 in tests on box, and "in care of addresses, and services and per-visit costs. The cost interactions to reduce the probability addresses outside the study locales of supplemental fluorides was based of missing an interaction that would were eliminated, leaving 25,685 on nonmember product and dis- modify interpretation of the main addresses. DRC was able to place pensing fees and converted to 1995 effects. We set a at .05 for all other 24,729 unique addresses in the water dollars using the drug component of tests. districts, which represented 51,683 the CPI. We analyzed costs after When a significant interaction dental HMO members who met all of applying a normalizing transforma- indicated that the assumption of the eligibility criteria. Table 1 shows tion, the natural logarithm (In) of homogeneous effects was not met, the sample sizes by locale and fl110- .x+1, where x was the raw dollar we followed up with estimates of the riciation status. As of December 31, amount, to correct for extreme means to understand the pattern of 1995, age ranged from 5 to 98 skewing. In tables and figures, esti- differences better. For an interaction years (mean=40.0, standard devia- mates were converted back from In between locale and fluoridation tion=20.3). We grouped several units to dollar units for ease of status, we compared means in fluo- youngsters born on January 1, 1990 interpretation. ridated versus NF areas separately with 6-year-olds. KPNW members Data Analysis. Because the for each locale. In some cases, we were predominantly (over 90 per- three geographic locales contain also examined differences between cent) a White population, consistent both CWF and NF water districts, we locales within a fluoridation status. If with the KPNW service area, and have a factorial design, which allows there was an interaction between age 52.3 percent were female, the evaluation of the interaction of locale and fluoridation status. Because the distribution of age dif- Table I fered between locales, we also Proportions of Participants with One or More Dental Visits by Locale entered age into the models as a and Fluoridation Status, at Selected Ages covariate. All analyses were carried Proportion with >1 visit out using SAS 8.2 (SAS Institute, Inc., Estimated at Cary, NC, USA). Locale member age NF CWF P<" We used analysis of covariance Portland metro n=33,657 n.=3,405 models to evaluate the impact of 10 0.95 0.96 0.34 fluoridation, locale, and age (and 40 0.92 0.94 0.02 their interactions) on costs and utili- 80 0.85 0.88 0.08 zation, with error models that Marion County n=1,568 n=4,006 matched the three types of depen- 10 0.96 0.96 0.44 dent variable. Transformed (normal- 40 0.95 0.94 0.31 ized) cost data were modeled using 80 0.91 0.91 0.85 ordinary least squares (I ROC GLM). Clark County n=4,264 n=4,783 10 0.98 0.95 0.01"° Proportions were analyzed using 40 0.94 0.92 0.01** logistic regression, and the counts of 80 0.83 0.86 0.07 number of procedures or visits were F?value for difference in age-adjusted proportions between NF and fluoridated,within locale, modeled using Poisson regression at the specified age; ,. 11<0.0001. (PROC GENMOD for both). CWF, community water fluoridated; NF, nonfluoridated. i i c. Y. Dental Treatment and Fluoridation Status 227 Table 2 (A)Total Six-Year Costs and(B) Number of Visits for Members with One or More Visits A. Total costs Estimated at Model 1 Model 2 Locale member age NF (S) CWF (S) Difference (S)1- P<f P<$ Portland metro n=30,967 n=3,185 10 1,054 1,108 (54) 0.01 0.91 39 1,224 1,300 (76) 0.24 0.01* 80 2,101 2,253 (152) 0.07 0.73 Marion County n=1,482 n=3,763 10 1,097 1,086 11 0.08 0.95 39 1,236 1,200 37 0.50 0.21 80 1,882 1,686 196 0.01 0.01 Clark County n=4,006 n=4,404 10 1,261 1,130 131 0.01* 0.01 39 1,408 1,287 121 0.06 0.74 80 2,059 1,978 81 0.12 0.44 B. Number of visits (same sample as A) Model 1 Locale Age NF CWF Differencet P<$ Portland metro 10 12.7 13.5 -0.8 0.04 39 14.3 14.9 -0.5 0.04 80 20.3 20.9 -O.6 0.47 Marion County 10 12.6 12.0 0.7 0.28 39 13.1 13.6 -0.5 0.26 80 18.9 16.6 2.3 0.04 Clark County 10 14.4 13.0 1.4 0.01 39 14.7 14.2 0.4 0.17 80 20.7 19.3 1.4 0.16 f'-values are for the clifference in age-adjusted proportions between NF and CWF,within locale,at the specified age(and in Model 2,nwnber of visits). ' P<0.0001. f Difference is NF-CWF,negative differences(in parentheses)indicate CWF>NF.Differences may not match the NF mean-CWF mean because of rounding. t Model 1 includes only age and age2 as covariates. ¶ Model 2 includes age, ages, and In(number of visits)as covariates. NF, nonfluoridated; CWF, community water fluoridated; In, natural logarithm of cost+$1. Tables 1 to 6 present the results of Proportion of Members with a of Table 1. In the Portland metro modeling for the various outcome Dental Visit. Table 1 shows the pro- area, the proportion with one or measures. The means presented in portion of members by locale, flux- more visits was generally higher the tables are model-based least- ridation status, and selected ages among Portland metro members with squares estimates. The P valUeS in who had one or more dental visits CWF than with NF,but this difference Tables 1 to 6 are for the difference during the study period (n=51,683). was significant only at age 40 between members with CWF and The relative proportion of members (P<0.02). In Marion County, the those with NF in the specified locale; with a visit at various ages differed contrasts were not significant at any those that we judged significant are significantly between the six combi- age. In Clark County, more members underlined. We present the predicted nations of locale and fluoridation with NF had a visit than those with value of the dependent variable at status (i.e., the three-way interaction CWF overall, but the difference three levels (low, mean, high) of age of age, locale, and fluoridation status between fluoridation status groups is in order to illustrate how the costs or was significant, P<0.09). The significant only at ages 10(P<0.001) utilization varied with age. Because P valUeS for contrasts between NF and 40 (P<0.001). the subsamples vary in size and and CWF in the three locales at ages Cost of Dental Care. Table 2A membership, they also vary in mean 10, 40 (the mean overall subjects), shows the total costs over the study age. and 80 are given in the last column period for members who had one or 228 Journal of Public Health Dentistry Table 3 more visits (n.=47,807), by locale, (A) Proportion of Members with One or More Restorative fluoridation status, and age. Initially Procedures and (B) Counts of Restorative Procedures among (Model 1), we examined only age as Members with One or More Dental Visits a covariate. Age has a quadratic rela- tionship with In(costs+1); that is, A. Proportion with restorative treatment the rate of increase in Costs over Locale Age NP CWF Differencei- P< changing ages was relatively small before about age 40, then climbed Portland metro n=30,967 n=3,185 more rapidly at older ages. There 10 0.62 0.64 -0.02 0.35 were significant three-way interac- 39 0.84 0.84 0.00 0.83 80 0.81 0.86 -0.0.5 0.01 tions between age-squared, locale, Marion County n=1,482 n=3,763 and statLis (P<0.01:) and between 10 0.69 0.64 0.05 0.03 age, locale, and status (P<0.001). 39 0.84 0.80 0.04 0.01 We report predicted costs and 80 0.83 0.84 -0.01 0.67 P-values for contrasts at ages 10, 39 Clark County n=4,006 n=4,404 (the mean for this sample), and 80, 10 0.70 0.66 0.04 0.02 which reveal the inconsistent differ- 39 0.87 0.85 0.02 0.01* ences between CWF and NF across 80 0.78 0.80 -0.02 0.47 Locales and ages, indicated by the B. Estimated mean number of restorative procedures (same sample as A) significant interactions. Portland metro had higher costs in CWF areas Locale Age NF CWF Difference} P< than in NF areas, the opposite of Portland metro Marion County and Clark County, 10 4.15 4.18 -0.03 0.80 although not all differences are sig- 39 6.61 6.46 0.15 0.26 nificant. Differences between CWF 80 12.79 11.96 0.83 0.04 and NF in total costs were significant Marion County only among children (age 10) in 10 4.24 4.13 0.11 0.55 Portland metro (P<0.01) and Clark 39 6.36 6.01 0.35 0.10 County (P<0.001) (but in opposite 80 11.28 10.20 1.08 0.02 Clark County directions), and in Marion County 10 5.18 4.73 0.45 0.01 only in elderly members (age 80, 39 8.00 7.08 0.92 0.01** P<0.01). 80 14.79 12.52 227 0.01** Number of Dental Visits. P<0.001; " 11<0.0001. Table 2B shows the effects on visit f Difference is NF-CWF, negative value indicates CWF>NE coLints for the same factors and CWF, community water Fluoridated; NF, Nonthioridated, subject sample as in Table 2A. As for costs,age had a quacltatic association Table 4 with visit count, with a parallel Six-Year Costs for Restorative Procedures among Members with One Pattern of higher frequency of visits at or More Restorative Procedures older ages. The three-way interac- tions involving age-squared and age Locale Age NF CWF Difference* p< Were significant at a.=0.20 (P<0.11 and 0.09, respectively). Fit statistics Portland trnetro n=24,418 n=2,513 10 226 268 (42) 0.01 indicated overdispersion of the data 41 361 330 3) 0.01 (higher variance than expected for a 80 550 483 67 0.15 Poisson distribution), and standard Marion County 17=1,199 n=2,892 errors were scaled using the deviance 10 255 213 42 0.06 (generalized Poisson). We found the 41 302 358 (56) 0.01 same overall pattern of differences in 80 503 395 107 0.07 visit Counts that we found in model- Clark County n=3,275 )z=3,504 ing costs (Table 2A). In Portland 10 293 237 55 0.01 metro, members in the NF areas had 41 407 388 20 0.18 fewer visits than those in the CWF 80 590 523 67 0.26 areas;this was significant only at ages Difference is NF-CWF, negative differences (in parentheses) indicate CWF>NF, Difference 10 and 39.In Marton and Clark COtin- may not match NF mean-CWF mean because of rounding. ties, the pattern generally showed CWF,community mater fluoridated; In, natural logarithm of restoration cost;NF,nonfluoridated. more visits in NF than CWF areas,but these contrasts reached significance Dental Treatment and Fluoridation Status 229 Table 5 toration (n=37,801). Figure 1 dis- proportion Receiving S/PRR in Members Ages 6 to 17 Years Old with plays mean restorative costs One or More Dental Visits [estimated on In(restoration cost) and converted back to dollars] on Locale Age NF CWF Differencet P< age deciles calculated in the whole Portland metro n=6,706 n=747 subsample. Decile points close 8 0.51 0.59 -0.08 0.02 together indicate a high density of 12 0.70 0.81 -0.11 0.01** members in that age range, whereas 16 0.51 0.70 -0.19 0.01`* those far apart indicate that there are Marion County n=298 iz=822 relatively few members in that age 8 O.57 0.65 -0.08 0.17 range. As the figure shows, the form 12 0.76 0.78 -0.02 0.47 16 0.57 0.56 0.01 0.71 of the association with age appears Clark County n=1 00,3 n=986 to be cubic, with decrease From early 8 0.73 0.67 0,06 0.08 years to teens, increase during the 12 0.89 0.85 0.04 0.01* middle years, and decrease or flat- 16 0.84 0.76 0.08 0.01 tening late in life. The three-way v<0.001; ** Y<0.0001. interactions of locale and status Difference is NF-CWF, negative value indicates CWF>NF. with the three age terms were all CWF, community water fluoridated; NF, nonfluoridated. significant (age-Cubed P<0.001, age-squared P<0.001, and age P<0.001). As shown in Table 4, only at age 80 in Marion County and tions receiving any restorative treat- model-based means at ages 10, 41 at age 10 in Clark County. meats were the same or higher in the (the mean for this Subsample), and We hypothesized that differences CWF areas than in the NF areas, but 80 indicate a complex pattern. In in the number of dental visits might only among older members is this Portland metro, the pattern of differ- account for the differences in costs significant(age 80, P<0.01). In con- ences between NF and CWF areas is noted in Table 2A. Therefore, we tract, in Marion and Clark counties, significant but inconsistent at ages 10 added visit count as a covariate in members aged 10 and 39 (the mean (CWF>NF) and 41 (CWF<NF). In the costs model (Model 2). The for this sample) in NF areas were Clark County, only at age 41 was three-way interactions of age- significantly more likely to have a there a significant difference squared, age, and visit Count with restoration than were members with (CWF>NF). In Marion Cotmty, sig- locale and status are all significant at CWF (see Table 3A for P-values); at nificance was seen only at age 10 a=0.20 (P<0.01, 0.01, and 0.08, age 80, the NF and CWF areas did (CWF<NF). The oldest members respectively). In Portland metro, the not differ. had the highest restorative costs and effect of adjusting for visit count was The number of restorative prose- the largest NF-CWF differences; a shift in the age at which significant dares (Table 3p) in the same sample however, with small ns and larger differences were observed, from age was significantly higher among older standard errors, fluoridation status 10 (P<0.91) to age 39 (P<0.001). members living in the NF areas in all did not contribute a significant effect No other change in the pattern of locales. In Clark County, the differ- in any locale. We observed the same significance was observed. ence (NF>CWF) was significant at pattern of results when we excluded Prevalence and Volume of ages 10 and 39 also. The form of the S/PRR from restorative costs. Restorative Procedures. Table 3A association with age was linear S/PRR. Table 5 shows the asso- shows the proportion of members (increasing steadily with age), and ciation between age and proportion with one or more visits who had a the three-way interaction was not receiving S/PRR in the age range 6 restoration (n=47,807). The associa- significant, so only two-way interac- to 17. The association of age with tion of this proportion with age is tions with age were included in the S/PRR is quadratic. Use of S/PRR quadratic; in this outcome measure, final model (locale x fluoridation peaked at about ages 12-14 and then the proportion having visits in- status, P<0.01; age x locale, P< declined among older teens. No two- creased from youth to middle age, 0.05; age x status, P<0.12). The fit way or three-way interactions involy- then either stopped increasing or statistics indicated overdispersion of ing age-squared significant, although decreased in older members. The the data, and the standard errors age-squared by itself was significant three-way interactions were not were scaled using the deviance (gen- (P<0.0001). The three-way inter- significant, but all two-way interac- eralized Poisson). action involving age was significant tions were significant(locale x status, Cost of Restorative Proce- (P<0.03). In Portland metro, signifi- P<0.001; age x status, P<0.17; dures. We evaluated whether costs cantly more children in the CWF area age x locale, P<0.03; age-squared x of restorative procedures were received S/PRR than in the NF area status, P<0.08; age-squared x locale, related to fluoridation status in (age 8 P<0.01, age 12 P<0.001, age P<0.02). In Portland metro, propor- members who had at least one res- 16 P<0.001). The opposite pattern 230 Journal of Public Health Dentistry Table 6 Supplemental Fluoride Dispensing among Child Members with One or More Dental Visits NF CWF Proportion With 1+ Mean (SD) number of Proportion with 1+ Mean (SD) number of Locale/age group 72 dispensings dispensings' 11 dispensings dispensings' Portland metro 6-11 2,734 0.52 3.8 (4.2) 322 0.22 2.8 (3.4) 12-17 3,972 0.14 2.8 (3.7) 425 0.04 2.9 (3.5) Marion County 6-11 120 0.36 3.1 (2.8) 338 0.07 1.8 (1.3) 12-17 178 0.12 1.3 (0.9) 484 0.03 1.3 (0.6) Clark County 6-11 387 0.27 2.6 (2.8) 394 0.12 2.8 (3.2) 12-17 616 0.07 2.9 (3.5) 592 0.02 2.6 (3.4) Among members with one or more dispensings. CWF, community water fluoridated; NF, nonfluoridated; SD, standard deviation. was found in Clark County (signifi- whether a) the number of restorative the consistently fluoridated Clark cant at ages 12, P<0.001, and 16, procedures and b) restorative costs County, CWF was generally associ- P<0.0 1), which also had a markedly in children (ages 6 to 11 or 12 to 17) ated with lower costs. high prevalence of S/PRR use over- with one or more restorations could The ordering of treatment cost all. In Marion County, the NF-CWF be predicted by fluoride dispensings and utilization in CWF areas was difference was not significant at any or placement of S/PRR. These two not consistent with their ordering on age. models (not shown) controlled for compliance with intended fluorida- Supplemental Fluoride Dis- fluoridation status and locale. We tion levels. The fact that Clark pensing. Among members who found that S/PRR was significantly County, the most reliably fluoridated had one or more dental visits associated with the number of recto- locale, often had the highest costs (n=47,807), about 7 percent in the rations in both the 6- to 11- and 12- overall, the highest number and cost NF areas and 2 percent in the CWF to 17-year-old groups (P<0.001). of restorative procedures, and the areas had at least one supplemental However, the direction of the asso- highest number of S/PRR(Tables 2A, fluoride dispensing. Table 6 shows ciation was the opposite of what we 313, 4, and 5) suggests that character- the percentage of members in the 6 would have expected - in every istics of members in these communi- to 11 and 12 to 17 age groups who locale and fluoridation status, chil- ties rather than fluoridation of water received Supplemental dispensings, dren with S/PRR had more restora- may be the primary driver of dental and the mean number of dispens- tions. Costs were not consistently utilization. This is consistent with the ings. Less than 2 percent of members higher in NF than CWF areas. There overdispersion observed in counts of over 18 years of age received any were significant two- and three-way visits and of procedures, which can dispensings. In the NF group, 48.5 interactions in all four models, result when unobserved variables percent of 6- to 11-year-olds and making it difficult to generalize the (i.e., important predictors of utiliza- 12.8 percent of 12- to 17-year-olds specific contribution of these interac- tion) are missing from a model. received one or more supplemental tions beyond confirming the overall Theoretically, the variance should dispensings. In the CWF group, 13.6 substantial association with S/PRR equal the mean of a Poisson- percent of 6- to 11-year-olds and use. distributed variable. In these data, 2.9 percent of 12- to 17-year-olds however, the variance was much received one or more supplemental Discussion larger. One possible way to improve dispensings. Among members with This project evaluated the impact model fit is to add covariates that NF water who received one or more of CWF on treatment and associated might account for more of the vari- dispensings, means ranged front 3.82 costs for a group of HMO members ance. It was beyond the scope of the dispensings for 6- to 11-year-olds in in the US Northwest between 1990 present Study to identify these, and Portland metro to 1.29 for 12- to and 1995. In terms of total costs of so this remains a potentially fruitful i 17-year-olds in Marion County. The dental treatment(Table 2A), Portland area of inquiry. Candidates for inclu- cost of supplemental dispensing was metro had lower treatment costs for Sion as covariates include socio- small - less than 0.1 percent of total the NF area, while the other two economic status (SES), chronic costs. areas showed costs marginally higher health conditions, and long-term use Preventive Procedures and for the NF status. For the intermit- of medications leading to salivary Restorative Services. We evaluated tently fluoridated Marion County and gland hypofunction. Dental Treatment and Fluoridation Status 231 Figure 1 likely to ameliorate differences in Age group breakout of restorative costs by locale and fluoridation practice decisions and thus minimize status (exponentiated average natural logarithm of restorative such impact. costs). CWF, community water fluoridated; NF, nonfluoridated Differences in caries experience between NF and CWF locales may 750 have been diluted by variations 650 between NF and CWF groups with respect to two preventive therapies. 550 First, far more children in NF areas $450 0 received one or more supplemental fluoride dispensings than did those 350 in CWF areas (Table 6). The fluoride C� treatments received by children in 250 NF areas could thus reduce the expe- 150 rience of caries and lessen the differ- 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 ences between NF and CWF. Such treatments also could signal better Age deciles knowledge and behaviors related to --*—Portland metro-NF —p— Portland metro CWF dental and general health in their recipients or their families. Also, 750 the application of S/PRR among members 6 to 17 years of age was 650 dramatically greater than that 550 reported in national surveys (19) – �� 60.6 percent in the NF regions and $450 70.5 percent in the CWF regions had 350 . $ at least one S/PRR. Differences r between NF and CWF areas for 250 S/PRR were inconsistent between 150 locales, however. This situation play 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 be partly attributable to some pedi- Age deciles atric dentists who were particularly aggressive in their use of S/PRR —*—Marion Cty-NF —p— Marion Cty-CWF during this time period. As indicated earlier, children with S/PRR had 750 more restorations than those without S/PRR for each combination of locale 650 and fluoridation status; hence, the 550 _ _ use of S/PRR may depend to a large extent on observed caries risk S 450 regardless of fluoridation status, as 350 previously reported (20). In the CWF area of Clark County, 250 where fluoridation compliance was 150 good, overall costs were lower than 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 in the NF area of Clark County. The same relationship held within Marion Age deciles County, although the effect of flllOri- dation here was only marginally sig- -�—Clark Cty-NF Clark Cty-CWF nificant when not controlling for number of visits. Marion County differs fi•om Clark County in the age at which the impact of water fluori- dation is strongest: in Marion County Dentists' decisions on treatments extent of this effect was beyond the it is in the oldest members, whereas and preventive services may also be scope of this data-only study. The in Clark County it is in the youngest affected by knowledge of the mein- fact that dentists were all members of members. In Portland metro, there ber's home fluoridation status. The one group-model practice seems was no evidence of a beneficial 232 .Journal of Public Health Dentistry effect of fluoridation on total costs; in investigate these possibilities, but moved very far during this period. fact, costs were generally higher against these risk factors, fluoridation We are aware that fluoride levels among members living in the CWF appears to have some protective fluctuated over time and varied than in the NF districts of the metro- effect. between locales. However, the CWF politan area. (However, as noted, the Various methodological consider- areas in the three locales were not Portland metro area's CWF c:ompli- ations suggest that our findings may ordered consistently with the level ance with guideline levels was not not be directly generalizable to the of fluoridation compliance, indicat- optimal.) overall US population. The partici- ing that such compliance accounts Across the three locales, the pants were primarily a relatively for little of the variation observed overall differences in total costs with stable group in terms of employ- between locales. Examining the rea- one or more dental visits between went. Having health insurance in the sons for the fluoride-level fluctuation the CWF and NF areas (NF—CWF) United States, in particular dental over time and across locales is ranged from negwive $152.31 insurance, greatly depends on beyond the scope of the present (Portland, age 80)to $196.02(Marion having employment. About 92 study. County, age 80). (Note that negative percent of members had one or more A strength of our sample and our in this context connotes the direction dental visits during the study period, study is that data from a group- of the relationship between CWF and with an average of more than two model HMO are likely to exhibit NF —see table legends). The cost of visits/year. Given what is known less variation in clinical decisions, the supplemental fluoride dispensing from national surveys, this popula- patients' deferral of needed treat- was not included in the comparisons tion may be at relatively lower risk ment because of out-of-pocket cost, of total dental cost. If included, the for dental disease and is likely to and potential for overtreatment deci- difference in mean total cost per have higher-than-average dental uti- lions than data from other systems of person with one or more dental visits lization. (Generally speaking, the organizing and financing dental care would increase by $0.94 over the effect of CWF may be larger on — the opposite of limitations noted/ 6-year period, Restorative cost differ- persons with less stable employment assumed in previous studies (17,21). ences (NF—CWF) per member with and housing and lower SES)Thus, if Furthermore, use of bottled water at least one dental visit over the CWF were to have an effect on was much less popular in the 1990s, study period ranged from negative dental disease in an HMO popula- and thus the relative importance of $55.94 (Marion County, age 41) to tion, one might expect the effect to this factor in overall exposure to $107.26 (Marion County, age 80). be small. CWF in the 1990s was probably less Taking into consideration the varying This study was further limited by important then, compared with what impact of age and locale, it seems having available HMO pharmacy it is today. Another strength is that reasonable to conclude that, as a data restricted to what was already although these data represent costs general rule, costs were lower in the available for other purposes. While and utilization that occurred more fluoridated areas. clinical records and diagnostic crite- than a decade ago, the practice of As expected, total restorative ria were not standardized, quality dentistry, such as the availability of costs increased with member age. audits and guidelines were in place. effective preventive treatment, has The youngest and oldest members in Because only disease recorded and/ varied relatively little since then. the CWF areas had lower restorative or treated can be ascertained, early There has been sparse research costs and lower overall costs than or subclinical stages of disease may addressing this question in a sample same-age members in NF areas. Of not have been recorded, of comparable size in the United note, in the older half of our sample Another caveat is that our data do States. (ages 43 to 98), mean difference in not capture actual time spent living In conclusion, we found evidence costs between the CWF and NF areas in a particular water district(whether that CWF was associated with increased steadily and was highest in CWF or NF) because our administra- reduced total and restorative costs the 10th decile, centered at age 75 tive records included only members' among members with one or more (NF>CWF, about $75, unweighted current address. (Taking this discus- dental visits, particularly in older means across locales on deciles of lion to the extreme, we could argue adcilts. The effect we observed was age, Figure 1). The higher costs in that water fluoridation status of generally small, likely because of this older adults probably were associ- school or place of work might differ insured population's access to care ated with several factors, including from that of home, but the impact and the higher use of preventive pro- use of anticholinergic medications, of this unknown factor is impossible cedures, in particular supplemental gingival recession and emergence of to gauge in the current study de- fluorides, in the NF areas. Differ- root caries, and impaired ability to sign.) However, there may not have ences in treatment costs (savings) practice self-care derived from frailty been much moving between water associated with CWF should be esti- and illness in the oldest members districts as this sample of HMO mated and included in future cost- (those over 90, for instance). We members with stable dental benefits effectiveness analyses of CWF. Direct had no diagnostic codes available to over 5 years are also unlikely to have cost of CWF, based on equipment Dental Treatment and Fluoridation StatllS 233 replacement costs, was estimated to achievements-United States, 1900-1999. 16. Birch S.The relative cost-effectiveness of he -$0.67 person/year in 1989 and MMWR. 1999;,/18(12):241-3. water fluoridation tuoss communities: 6. Centers for Disease Control and Preven- analysis of variations according to under- tion. Achievements in public health, lying caries levels. Community Dent verted to 1995 dollars) (22). RedLIC- 1900-1999:fluodcation of drinking water Health. 1990;7(l):3-10. tions in dental treatment costs in the to prevent dental caries. MMWR. 1999; 17. O'Connell JM, Brunson D, Anselmo T, CWF areas compare favorably with 48(41):933-40. Sullivan PW.Costs and savings associated 7. U.S. Public Health Service. Healthy with community water fluoridation pro- the estimated costs of CWF (15,23- people 2000: national health promotion grams in Colorado. Preventing Chronic 25), suggesting that CWF may in fact and disease prevention objectives.DI-11-IS Dis. 2005;2• (cited 14 November 20061. have been cost Saving at the time the Publication No. (I'HS) 91-50212. Wash- Available from:http://wv cm,.cdc.gov/pcd/ StUdy was Carried OLIt. ington, DC: U.S. Government Printing issues/2005/nov/05_0082.1-iun Office; 1991. 18. Milliken GA, Johnson DE. Analysis of 8. U.S. Puhlic Health Service. Healthy messy data.Volume III:Analysis of cova- people 2010:understanding and improv- riance. Boca Raton: Chapman S Hall/ Acknowledgments ing health. DHHS Publication No. (PHS) CRC; 2002. The authors thank Mr. Paul Cheek 017-001-00550-9. Washington, llQ U.S. 19. Selwitz IM, Winn DM, Kingman A, Zion and Drs. B. Alex White and Jean Government Printing Office; 2000. GR.The prevalence of dental sealants in Martin, as well as the Staff of the 9. Brunelle JA, Carlos JP. Recent wends in the US population: Findings from dental caries in U.S. children and the NHANES 111, 1988-1991. 1 Dent Res. Center for Health Research (in par- effect of water fluoridation.J Dent Res. 1996;75(Special Issue):652-60. tiCUlar Ms. Martha Swain), for their 1990;69(Special No.):723-7. 20. Weintraub JA, Stearns SC, Rozier RG, invaluable assistance. 10. Gold MR,Siegel.1E,Russell LB,Weinstein Huang CC. Treatment outcomes and MC. Cost-effectiveness in health and costs of dental sealants among children medicine. New York: Oxford University enrolled in Medicaid.Am J Public Health. Press; '1996. 2001;91(11):1877-81. References 11. U.S. Public Health Service. Dental 21. Gremhowski D, Fiset L, Milgrom P, 1. Kaste LM, Setwitz REI, Oldakowski R1, amalgam: a scientific review and reconr Conrad D, Spadafonr A. Does Fluorida- Brunelle JA, Winn DM, Brown I.I. mended public health service strategy for tion reduce the use of dental services Coronal caries in the primary and perma- research,education,and regulation.Final among adults?Med Care.1997;35(5):454- nent dentition of children and acloles- Report of the Subcommittee on Risk 71. cents 1-17 years of age: United States, Management of the Committee to Coor- 22. Garcia Al. Caries incidence and costs 1988-1991. J Dent Res. 19%;75(Special dinate Environmental Health and Related of prevention programs.J Public Health lssu0:631-41. Programs. Washington, DC: U.S. Depart- Dent. 1989;49(5):259-71. 2. Winn DM,Brunelle JA,Selwitz RH,Kaste ment of Health and Human Services; 23. Wright JC, Bates MN, CUtresS T, Lee M. LM, Oldakocvski RJ, Kingman A, Brown 1993. The cost-effectiveness of Fluoridating I J. Coronal and root caries in the denti- 12. White BA, Antczak-Bouckoms AA, water supplies in New'Zealand.Aust N Z tion of adults in the United States, 1988- Weinstein MC. Issues in the economic J Public Health. 2001;25(2):170-8. 1991.J Dent Res. 1996;75(Special Issue): evaluation of community water fluorida- 24. Horowitz EIS, Heifetz SB. Methods of 642-51. tion.J Dent Educ. 1989;53(11):646-57, assessing the cost-effectiveness of caries 3. Riga LW. A half-century of community 13. Burt BA, editor. Proceedings for the preventive agents and procedures. Int water Fluoridation in the United States: workshop: cost effectiveness of caries Dent J. 1979;29:106-17. review and commentary.J Public Health prevention in dental public health. J 25. Brown LJ, Beazoglou T, Heffley D. Pssti- Dent. 1993;53:17-44. Public Health Dent. 1989;49(5):251-344. mated savings in U.S. dental expendi- 4. Horowitz FIS. The effectiveness of corn- 14. Burt BA. Concluding statement.J Public tures, '1979-89. Public Health Rep. 1994; nurnity water fluoridation in the United Health Dent. 1989;49:338-40. 109:195-203• States. J Public Health Dent. 1996;56(5, 15. Griffin SO,Jones K, Tomar SL. An eco- Special Issue):253-58. nomic evaluation of community water 5. Centers for Disease Control and Pre- fluoridation.J Public Health Dent. 2001; vention. Ten great public health 61(2):78-86. x \ \ ? , ' Pew's Contributions n Lessons That Emerge Ar"! &A RkJ III rr� ^S C F Jf \ vY �`p"" rs �4 \ � N aa, s t Y _ H f S 4 C x 2� Wv,� V, "IN 4-1 w� children's dental healtfi The Children's Dental Health- Project (CDHP) was coin unissi.oned to prepare this report by The Pew Charitable Tttsts. It is intended to summarize Pew's efforts over six years to snpport and strengthenn advocacy f)r coninninity water fluoridation. CDHP is among the more than 100 local, state and national organizations that comprise the Carnpaign.for Dental Health, a coalition that Pew launched in 2011. CDHP thanks the 26 individuals who work for state health departments, health and medical oiyanizations,foundatiotis or other instittitions who participated in lengthy hitervicws for this report. F ., Introduction lac__ Pcm? Ch,1-ti-itable ``rusts cr atc d a childi-cii's dental ire 2()(1)8 �A%ith a 1- i.oad mission to improve the and health cif low-I'M..01,1 C Children- foctisin(, on f n-i cin.( f'or cap e� M-A c1ise<)_Se PVCVC11tion and expaiiclim the cic. nml workForc c. 1'c vv is a PLIblic chlirity that ITI-Is launched dozens of--policy initi"ttivcS H] A Variety of" fields -,_,\7be-c there is a clear evidence base, bip<i-ros",zl scIPl)OFt allcl aH 0f')l)01-tLM1tV to ii),11 e a c:liffcl-CI)C C. Each policy initiative is time-delimited. For example, Pew's Pre-K Now campaign published reports and worked with state policymakers over � � t a 10-year period to make significant progress in expanding access to high-quality,voluntary pre- kindergarten for 3- and 4-year-olds; the campaign ended its operations in 2011. t' Y. From the beginning of its children's dental �o x campaign, Pew envisioned its role as a catalyst to advance policies for community water fluoridation - and other proven, cost-effective forms of oral health prevention. Initially, Pew focused on expanding fluoridation through state and local campaigns, before expanding the fluoridation work to the national level. Pew is concluding its work on local and state fluoridation campaigns,but has continued its investment and partnership with national organizations that are advancing fluoridation efforts. This report examines the impact that Pew's work has had in advancing community water fluoridation and the lessons that have emerged from these experiences. In order to understand the scope of Pew's impact, CDHP interviewed health professionals, foundation leaders, state officials and other advocates for this report. J Cy 20 S< Fluoridation: What We Know luoride is a;mineral that exists naturally in all bodies leadership of water,but usually at a concentration that is too low A legacy off to prevent tooth decay.For this reason,many U.S. communities adjust the fluoride level in public water 1 systerns by fortifying their water with additional fluoride to reach an M.c.e � e\% s C t en t`t1- "optimal"concentration that reduces the rate of tooth decay.'This £ l1l1,:21��r11- 7�� tLlIlC�li. Process is called fluoridation. n Approximately three of four Americans who are served by a public 1.21 2f 08 s I tS ett o tS to water system receive drinking water that is fluoridated."-The number of U.S.residents having access to fluoridated water has steadily `1.0 \�`111E: t 21�� 2�tI increased since this health practice was introduced 70 years ago in w�_itcr fi.i ot idatjM) January 1945.3 The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)reports l-t v e been concentrated. 111 tvvo that consuming fluoridated water reduces tooth decay by about 25 percent over a person's lifetime.`in 2013,the Community Preventive Services Task Force—an independent panel of experts—reviewed 161 studies before recommending fluoridation on the basis of rounded various forms of First, Pew "strong evidence of its effectiveness"in cavity prevention.'The p Healthy People 2020 objectives,evidence-based goals set by the direct assistance—such as survey research, U.S.Department of Health and Human Services,call for raising to conununications training, strategic guidance 79.6 percent the portion of Americans who are served by community water systems that are fluoridated.' and financial support—to several state and locfluoridated.'pp Fluoride from toothpaste,mouth rinses or other products also campaigns that sought to expand fluoridation. prevents cavities,but these forms of fluoride are more expensive Three Of these five Campaigns were successful in than water fluoridation,don't reach all members of a community and require a conscious decision to purchase and use them.'In addition, enacting or reaffirming policies to implement this research has shown that teeth need steady,ongoing fluoride proven health practice. exposure for the enamel to remineralize.As the CDC explains, Marjorie Stocks, a consultant with the California fluoridation"prevents tooth decay mainly by providing teeth with frequent contact with low levels of fluoride throughout each day and Dental Association Foundation,said Pew's entry throughout life."" into the field was welcomed by local advocates Since the earliest days of fluoridation,critics have attacked the who were Campaigning to pass or preserve practice and raised a variety of concerns about its safety.The only effect associated with fluoridation(other than lower rates of tooth fluoridation policies."When Pew Stepped onto decay)is dental fluorosis,which is a change in the appearance of this stage, it gave us all a real boost,"she said. tooth enamel that can occur while teeth are forming.Fluorosis in the "Something has congealed nationally that wasn't U.S.is typically a mild,cosmetic condition that does not cause pain and does not affect the health or function of the teeth,The optimal there before." level of fluoride is set to reduce tooth decay while minimizing the Stocks has supported local fluoridation occurrence of fluorosis 9 campaigns in San Jose and other California Opponents of fluoridation have raised a variety of health concerns—including allergies,kidney conditions and cancer-since communities. She said the network that Pew the 1950s.Studies have consistently found no credible scientific created has been invaluable to local advocates."I support for these claims.10 Committees of objective experts was grateful that there was some place for people convened by the National Research Council have produced five like me to �o to talk with others who were reports about fluoride or fluoridation—three of them since 1993—and � none of them expressed concern about the safety of fluoride in the working in this field," Stocks said."It's a small field, concentration used for community water fluoridation." so it's easy to feel isolated. It's essential that we Internationally,reports issued in 2014 by expert panels in England and New Zealand reinforced the strong scientific consensus that learn from what each other is doing or how others fluoridation is both safe and effective.'2 are handling certain challenges." :.t ,,? k 201 V Second, Pew formed a coalition called the Campaign for Dental Health (CDH) that has grown to include more than 100 children's, medical, dental and conlnaunity-focused organizations at the local, state and national levels that care about improving oral health.The CDH was created after Pew had lengthy discussions with four foundations—the Washington Dental Service Foundation (WDSF), the United Methodist Health Ministry Fund,The Health Trust and the Bower Foundation. In 2009, Pew and these foundations sought an analysis of fluoridation by William Smith, a social marketing expert and the former executive vice president of the Academy for Educational Development.The following year, SaherMltchell Inc., a social marketing firm, conducted a conlmumcatlons scan to better understand how the topic was being framed in news stories and how It was being discussed online and in social media. r The CDH has established a website (ihkemyteeth.org) that q K °ter includes a blog,bilingual fact sheets and resources, and numerous pages that explain community 13 �� ;�� `r� water fluoridation in consumer- friendly, nonclinical terms. Smith and SalterMitchell advised the initial development of the website's content.Through the CDH, Pew has sponsored annual conferences that enable public health advocates and practitioners to share information and insights on fluoridation advocacy. Advocates say the CDH's online presence has helped bring more balance to the web, a landscape that critics of fluoridation have long dominated.13 Emily Firman, senior program officer with the WDSF, said the CDH website "has been instrumental in changing the conversation and not allowing the anti- fluoride groups to control the internet."11 "Through the years,public health advocates have crafted good messages about fluoridation, and Pew has helped to refine and consolidate these messages for a lay audience,"said Firman."Most importantly, the website that Pew launched is regularly updated to reflect new research and developments in fluoridation and oral health." Jane McGinley, manager for fluoridation activities at the American Dental Association (ADA), cited the CDH's fact sheets and leaflets as some of"the best things that Pew has brought to this issue. I have had a number of our members tell us they found this website called`I Like My Teeth' and downloaded materials that they used to educate their elected officials and communities about fluoridation." Robin Miller,who works in Vermont's Office of Oral Health, said the CDH's web portal has filled a gap."I always refer to the `I Like My Teeth'website, and that's where we direct selectmen and other officials who have questions about fluoride,"she explained."I like the plain language that the website uses to explain what fluoridation is and the evidence showing its benefits."`' Numerous advocates applauded the national network that Pew created.Judith Feinstein, who served as Maine's oral health director and was the longtime chair of the American Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors' Fluorides Committee,said the network that Pew formed is very important. "Through webinars and conferences,we have become better connected than we used to be,"she said. "Pew provided the venture capital for this network.""' Shelly Gehshan,former project director for the Pew dental initiative,summed it up well:"The anti- fluoride activists were networked. Now, so are we." Pew has also helped improve the climate for fluoridation by leveraging its relationships with news media.Talking with reporters, clarifying research and providing added perspective have helped to enhance the depth and accuracy of news articles about community water fluoridation. "I have appreciated the way Pew has reached out to reporters, editorial writers and others in the media to share accurate information about fluoridation," said Laura Smith,WDSF's president and CEO. "Without that information, these stories could be written in ways that confuse or mislead readers.We have needed that kind of proactive media approach."" Dr.William Bailey, a former Assistant Surgeon General and a professor at the University of Colorado School of Dental Medicine, said that Pew's involvement in fluoridation brought a credible voice to this arena."There is a tendency for some people to distrust what they hear from government,but Pew has a strong reputation for being an independent analyst on issues,so having them enter this field has been very helpful,"said Bailey.' Pew's accomplishments were facilitated by the generous support offered by a number of foundations, including The Bower Foundation, California Dental Association Foundation, Delta Dental of Minnesota Foundation, DentaQuest Foundation, Kansas Health Foundation, Newyork State Health Foundation,United Methodist Health Ministry Fund, and Washington Dental Service Foundation. Foundations helped provide much of the fuel to support Pew's entry into this field. Moreover, some of these foundations shared valuable insights with Pew that were drawn from their own experiences of working to advance community water fluoridation. �, `r >0 t Building a n t1011a1 coalition c:w established. a diverse, ]I2tional. c oa itior� i�� support of c o.1111111.11ity water f uorldation--tile, Campaign for Delital Health support fi-o m many key st.akeh lc. e s fixnn the dental, medical and chil.dren`s advocacy C011.1111tinitles. One of these strike. alders, the Ann, rIC111). Acndcmy of-Pediatrics, c.ur -ently man"Ige;s the CI-M land its web port al As part of this effort, Pew funded message testing and focus group research to gain a better understanding of the public's views of water fluoridation and to identify effective strategies for reaching key demographics in the fluoride debate.This research has greatly informed local campaign strategies and altered the manner in which pro-fluoride advocates discuss the issue of water fluoridation. (For example, advocates recognized the need to stress the consequences that tooth decay can have on children and adults.) In addition, the message-testing research z was implemented in the second phase of the CDH s development, incorporated in its web content I In late 2011 and continues to be rolled out through new online and social media engagement strategies. SO The work to advance oral health prevention for children is by no means finished,which is why Pew is collaborating and strategizing with diverse stakeholders to ensure the momentum continues at the state and federal level.As Pew winds down its state and local campaign work on fluoridation, these partners will continue to coordinate the movement that Pew helped to reinvigorate.The Children's Dental Health Project, one of more than 100 CDH partners,is providing technical assistance to state and local advocates who are fighting to preserve fluoridation policies. The CDH's website and activities have served as a hub for oral health advocates around the country, enabling them to clarify the findings of newly released research and access easy-to-digest materials—including fact sheets and posters—that can be shared with elected officials and community organizations.A number of these materials are available in Spanish. Hollis Russinof, a program manager for the Campaign for Dental Health at the American Academy of Pediatrics, said that Pew filled a gap."There really wasn't a national message or national frame around this issue before Pew entered the field,"she said."They created the framework that helped to change the way we do this work." In particular,Russinof praised Pew for engaging experts in social marketing who had experience developing award-winning anti-smoking campaigns that could help inform strategies for promoting fluoridation.After consulting with these experts, Pew took several steps,including: Connecting and convening oral health leaders and advocates throughout the country,both in online forums and through annual conferences. Creating a Rapid Response Team to alert public health activists who are willing to review online articles and,when appropriate,provide scientifically accurate comments about the benefits of water fluoridation. Launching the Fluoride Responders listsery where advocates share research and other information, advise one another on advocacy strategies, and collaborate on responses to anti-fluoride efforts. "The Rapid Response Team was the most helpful thing that Pew created because it connected me with so many oral health advocates and experts who could brief me on new studies and offer other insights," said Dr.Johnny Johnson, a Florida dentist." r Ills sec;tioll revie�,vs Ioca] state or national ca.i.i villg ns its which 'cy v l_)laye �t Dic mina-ful role, ,m.cl provides an �m lysls o key Ca tors th;..it are believed to have shaped the 01_1tc«lllc �� _ �r iii cfl.i c �_c�Ia ic< I order, b�ised oi. tl�_c. <_l<ae in wl�i� l� t��c. ��<>li<;y cl� �r� � �v�s `�c�c>��t€ cl c�z- i.ej- c�tc}d. Arkansas (March 2011) Although oral health stakeholders in Arkansas had been working for many years to secure passage of a fluoridation law, the effort was reinvigorated in February 2010, when the Pew children's dental initiative released The Cost of Delay, a 50-state report that examined and graded dental policies.Arkansas received an F grade in Pew's report, and one of the eight criteria that shaped the state's grade was community water fluoridation.Pew's report noted that among Arkansans whose homes were served by public water systems,more than one in three residents lacked access to fluoridated water.'-0 State Senator David Johnson, the lead sponsor of the bill that became Act 197, told the Arhnrasas Times that Pew's report inspired him to make a fluoridation law one of his legislative priorities in 2011.2' Soon after The Cost of Delay was released, Dr. Lynn Mouden, then the state's oral health director,spoke with Shelly Gehshan,former director of Pew's dental campaign."I told Shelly,`You need to help us � change the grade, "Dr. Mouden recalled."That's where the conversation started, and some leaders in J ,k the legislature vowed that we were not going to let Arkansas get another F."'1 Oral health and children's advocates in Arkansas were pleased that the bill was drafted to promote health equity, expanding fluoridation to all water systems that served at least 5,000 residents. Unlike Nebraska's 2008 law, the measure that became law in Arkansas did not include an opt-out provision that would have allowed communities to avoid complying with the legislation.21 The political landscape looked daunting when the bill was introduced. Fort Smith, the state's second- largest city,lacked fluoridated water, and critics of fluoridation had convinced voters there to reject earlier proposals to initiate this widely endorsed health practice." In 2005, the Arkansas Senate had approved a fluoridation bill,but the measure died in the state House.zs In addition, Sen.Johnson's fluoridation bill was introduced in February 2011—only weeks after federal health officials proposed an updated recommendation for the fluoride concentration that communities use for water fluoridation. Opponents seized on the federal recommendation to question fluoridation's safety,and these critics were quoted widely by news media." Proponents had several factors c r c working in their favor, however. First they had gained strategic z insights from trying to advance the legislation years earlier. Second, the state's Office of Oral Health had strengthened training for water personnel in fluoridation and had ^ 7 c worked for 12 years to educate the in public about fluoridation's role i cavity prevention.'Third, a strong coalition of diverse groups formed in 2000—had remained intact and was able to mobilize support for a fluoridation bill by the time the legislature convened in January 2011.These stakeholders included Arkansas Children's Hospital,Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families, and the Arkansas State Dental Association. Pew provided advocates with two forms of support that Mouden called"critical." First, Pew sponsored a public opinion survey of Arkansas voters that showed a strong majority supporting water fluoridation. Second,Pew provided funding for the advocates to hire an experienced government affairs firm that actively educated legislators about the bill that Sen.Johnson had drafted.'-" Pew staff also provided fact sheets and technical assistance. Elisabeth Wright Burak,who then served as health policy director for Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families,said that retaining a government affairs firm was a critical ingredient in the bill's success."The firm had established positive relationships with key legislators and helped carry our message,"she stated."Their assistance was crucial."' U Y 2515 A major factor that facilitated passage of the bill was the pledge by Delta Dental of Arkansas Foundation to cover the capital costs—new equipment, for example—required for the 34 v,. affected water systems to begin fluoridation 311 Delta Dental's decision was significantly shaped by 3-, research confirming that fluoridated water saves . money by reducing the need for fillings and other procedures to treat tooth decay.31 Dr. Mouden said the foundation"showed great leadership" by making this financial investment.3' Burak said t this funding commitment was important because i it"took a huge issue off the table for many legislators,1133 The Arkansas Senate approved the fluoridation bill first,voting to support it by a decisive margin of 25-7.The House supported the measure ili a 56-35 vote. In each chamber, the measure drew support from both Democrats and Republicans.31 Governor Mike Beebe signed the bill into law in March 2011. 7, S Referring to Sen.Johnson,Burak observed,"We had an unwavering, dedicated legislative champion. . � . � Some legislators will stay away from an issue like that because they think it might be divisive,but Senator David Johnson was willing to take this on because he knew it was the right thing to do." "Pew played a big role in the passage of this law,"said Dr. Mouden."Arkansas stakeholders laid the groundwork,but Pew brought to the table their own public health understanding and knowledge. The Pew report card shined a new light on this topic, and their staff worked well with state and local stakeholders to help provide momentum for the bill that was signed into law."3' Y _01C I San Jose, California (November 2011) Until November 2011, San Jose (population: 950,000) was the largest U.S. city without a policy ensuring that its residents had access to fluoridated drinking water.That month, the board of the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) voted 7-0 to support a plan to fund fluoridation of the water it provides to San Jose residents.37 The board's vote followed a highly targeted campaign that engaged and educated key stakeholders— usually through face-to-face conversations.This campaign was spearheaded by The Health Trust, a nonprofit based in San Jose.Throughout the effort, the organization spoke with unique credibility because the nonprofit had invested nearly $9 million in improving the area's oral health. The Health Trust educates local families about oral health through prorriotoras,who are trained P community health workers, and it funds two dental clinics for low-income children. Indeed, the organization cited the treatments at these children's clinics—approximately 7,400 root canals and more than 4,500 tooth extractions—to highlight the community's serious oral health problems.""It's � f always a challenge to put a face on the issue, and Uzi these statistics really helped us to do that,"said Frederick J. Ferrer,The Health Trust's CEO. A 1995 California law requires public water systems with more than 10,000 customers to fluoridate their water. However,water agencies Frpdprick J. Ferrer, CEO of The Health Trust, r ,; aren't required to pay for the costs of starting and with and addressed a variety of stakelhoid r ct � .E maintaining fluoridation.Although water systems awareness of San .pose's oral health probler s, must fluoridate if a community or foundation provides the funding, the SCVWD was exempted because it is a wholesaler that provides water to cities and large companies, not directly to homes. For this reason, the San Jose campaign focused on two challenges: building the community support and securing the funding. The Health Trust launched a multiyear dialogue about oral health with key civic and community groups—a process that helped to build a diverse coalition in support of fluoridation.These conversations helped inoculate public officials and stakeholders against the inaccurate, misleading or irrelevant information that critics circulate.Pew provided The Health Trust with funding to create a communications and social marketing strategy for the fluoridation campaign. Some of the funding enabled the campaign to use consumer research on the public's knowledge about oral health and its reaction to messages about fluoridation. The Health Trust had color-coded maps created that indicated which areas of Santa Clara County were fluoridated and which were not. Ferrer made this map a key visual in many of his presentations. "If you looked at where we had fluoridated water,it was in Los Altos Hills,Palo Alto,Mountain View and other wealthy communities where a lot of high-income tech executives lived,"said Ferrer."For us, creating this map was a graphic way to quickly present the social justice issue."3" One of The Health Trust's allies—PACT San Jose (People Acting in Community Together)—stressed this concern about unequal access to decay prevention. PACT decried the fact that many low-income San Jose residents"are being denied access to very basic health protections that are available to residents" of more affluent communities within Santa Clara County." The Health Trust secured other key partners to support fluoridation,including the Silicon Valley Leadership Group." Founded by David Packard of Hewlett-Packard, the group represents nearly 400 technology-related employers in Silicon Valley on issues affecting advocacy,business climate, and quality of life issues." Ferrer said that Pew's support was an essential ingredient in the campaign's success."My ability to attend several meetings at the national level and get connected with experts at the national level was crucial," he said."That helped us figure out the pitfalls to avoid and how to frame our campaign.A a � social marketing firm helped us to a localize the work it had done with > s 6" Pew On the national level." In the end, funding was the L major hurdle for fluoridation advocates.Although the annual OR costs of maintaining fluoridation in the water district were estimated at only 48 cents per resident,the L / S initial expense to install equipment at three treatment plants was projected at $6.6 million. In 2011, not long before the SCVWD was set to vote on fluoridation,its chairman told a local newspaper that the biggest obstacle was "to figure out how to pay for it"because the water district is facing"huge bills" to retrofit dams and upgrade its facilities.41 In addition to identifying funding sources,The Health Trust built positive relationships with the press that helped to encourage a pro-fluoridation editorial in the Sari Jose Merairy Neivs."The media can be your friend if you have a progressive editorial board that understands and respects science," said Ferrer. "We were fortunate to have a newspaper like that." Throughout its campaign,The Health Trust built a close relationship with the Santa Clara County Health Officer. Its efforts were also supported by the California Dental Association Foundation, local dental and dental hygiene societies, and FIRST 5 of Santa Clara County—a group that provides education and other resources to help parents of children ages 0-5. In December 2012, the SCVWD's board voted to seek a funding agreement in which foundations and nonprofits would provide approximately 35 percent of the $6.6 million required to install fluoridation equipment.44 The wholesale water system should begin fluoridation in 2017 for eastern Santa Clara County and three years later in the county's western part. Pi Nor w ..,.M,N . UL Wichita, Kansas (November 2012) With a population of more than 385,OOO,Wichita is one of the largest U.S. cities without a program for community water fluoridation. City voters rejected fluoridation proposals in 1964 and 1978.Advocates began organizing in 2011 to start fluoridating the city's water system and formed a coalition called Wichitans for Healthy Teeth (WHT),which was chaired by Dr. Sara Meng, a pediatric dentist." Health professionals were the face of WHT As Tlie Wichita Eagle explained, a "broad coalition of local doctors and dentists" collected more than 11,000 signatures on z petitions urging the city council to adopt � a fluoridation policy. Instead, the council i decided unanimously to refer the issue to Wichita voters." Several Kansas-based foundations worked with Pew to educate the public. Pew assisted WHT by funding public survey research, radio and newspaper advertisements, and in-kind support,which included the brief deployment of Pew staff to Wichita. For example, Dr.William Maas, a Pew consultant who is a former director of the CDC's Division of Oral Health, spent nearly a week in Wichita, speaking with local officials,briefing leaders of the pro-fluoridation coalition,participating health professionals spearheaded the efforts of F, . in broadcast interviews and meeting with the Healthy Teeth, the coalition that bed the carnpa ` n in f community eater fluoridation. editorial board of The Eagle. A grassroots organizer was hired to plan and coordinate WHT's outreach.The coalition's efforts were aided by pro-fluoridation resolutions that were adopted by local officials in Derby and Eastborough—two communities whose water is provided by the Wichita water system.`" Opponents were bolstered by the Kansas Republican Assembly (KRA), a self-identified Tea Party group that played a leading role in organizing opposition to fluoridation.WHT was unable to secure active support from key business leaders,whose influence and opinions carry significant weight in the city." The KRA and a group called Fluoride Free Kansas criticized the projected cost of fluoridation, and WHT struggled to identify private organizations or charities that would help cover the initial capital expenses.`"The Kansas-based United Methodist Health Ministry Fund pledged support for the effort, but Kim Moore, the fund's president, noted that the reluctance of others to publicly commit to a contribution hurt the pro-fluoridation campaign. JULY 2015 "Some of the people who were willing to privately support fluoridation would not publicly put their name behind it or make a firm conlniitment to helping to fund the capital costs," Moore said."When we were talking to the media,we couldn't use the names of key people and key organizations, and that was a lost opportunity to lend credibility to the effort..1150 A few months before the referendum, fluoridation critics in Wichita seized on a research article that reviewed studies—mostly from China—exploring possible links between fluoride and IQ scores in children.A reporter for Tlie Engle contacted two of the article's co-authors and then wrote a news story explaining that two of the scientists who co-authored the article"said it really doesn't address the safety of fluoridation levels typical 9 of American drinking water."In n addition, the ewspaper added that in one of the Chinese studies, the local well water contained 10 times g, the concentration of fluoride that �2 c 5 would be used in Wichita. s s, Despite the newspaper's clarification, opponents CO1t11Ued to assert that fluoridation would harm children. In the November 2012 election, 60 percent of the city's voters rejected water fluoridation.12 The outcome reflected the pro-fluoridation campaign's difficulty in identifying influential supporters in the city's low-income neighborhoods. "There were a lot of dentists and physicians who spoke out.They were helpful,but that only took us so far,"said Chris Power, the Kansas Health Foundation's vice president for administration."We did not create the kind of broad, diverse local coalition that we needed to. People trust the people they know and see every day—their neighbors, their co-workers.We never really took our campaign to that neighborhood level"" Even after Wichita voters rejected fluoridation, the KRA continued its activism in several ways, including drafting anti-fluoride proposals for the 2013 legislative session and screening a documentary called Fli wridegate.54 Still,in 2014, the KRA failed in its attempt to pass House Bill 2372,which would have required a warning label to be placed on consumer water bills in fluoridated communities. Later that same year, the KRA's president lent his support to a referendum in the city of Salina to end water fluoridation; voters there decided to preserve fluoridation.15 Power said,"We were obviously disappointed about the setback in Wichita,but we still came out of that with a better understanding of the dynamics that drive how the public reacts to this issue. It has put us in a better position today." a. ?t?.L E'� ox v 5 � U.S. Department of Defense (March 2013) At the onset of U.S.involvement in World War I1, our armed forces discovered how dental disease A,. could impact military readiness.During a 10-month ' �' = a period that ended shortly before the Japanese attacked U.S.forces at Pearl Harbor,the U.S.Army had to disqualify roughly one in 11 inductees because they had too few teeth.According to AM-711 Y . Army records, the number of inductees disqualified for this reason"far exceeded all expectations.."56 Fluoridation began in 1945 in the U.S. ust a fewer months before the war concluded. For many years, the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) had instructed military bases to provide . fluoridated water if their water treatment facility served more than 3,300 personnel. However, in the years after the Pentagon initially adopted 7, its policy, the DOD had reorganized and begun allowing water services and other utilities to be The € efense Department's 2013 directive vv ii; contracted out to private firms. By 2009,some that roughly 125,€60 active-duty personnee nd � military health officials began wondering if dependents gain access to fluoridated V"'atv r, compliance had slipped. Many of these civilian water plant operators, it was believed,were not aware of the fluoridation requirement." At the 2009 National Oral Health Conference, Col. Gary C. Martin, senior military dental consultant to the assistant secretary of defense for health affairs, met Pew's Shelly Gehshan at a breakfast meeting. The two discussed Col. Martin's concern that some military bases might not be providing fluoridated water.This conversation led to an agreement that Pew would conduct an assessment of water supplied to bases. Since the push for a reaffirmation of fluoridation had to happen within DOD, Pew contributed research that established the need to act.The charge was to determine how many bases were operating their own water systems, how many were purchasing water from nearby communities, and how many were providing water with an optimal concentration of fluoride.Within two months,Pew's assessment had identified 210 water systems operated by DOD on 158 military installations and obtained the consumer confidence reports (CCRs) for 189 of these systems. CCRs—also known as water quality reports—are required to be sent annually by public water systems to their customers, identifying the sources used for drinking water and indicating whether the system complies with federal drinking water standards.5'Although many CCRs were posted on websites, some of them weren't easily found, and Pew's research contractor had to place a number of phone calls to acquire these documents. All of the data obtained through this assessment was recorded on a comprehensive spreadsheet that U Pew shared with Col. Martin.The assessment revealed that 175 military-operated water systems were fluoridating at optimal levels,but 14 systems were not doing so.These 14 non-fluoridated waxer systems were serving an estimated 125,000 active-duty personnel and their dependents. An earlier DOD directive required Defense Department officials to support the nation's Healthy People goals and objectives—one of which, Col. Martin reminded his military colleagues, endorses community water fluoridation."' Pew's assessment proved to be critical in helping Col. Martin point to the need for a directive reaffirming the DOD's fluoridation policy,which was issued in March 2013."' "The fact that this analysis was independently done gave these findings a lot of weight,"said Col. Martin."It was very valuable data to have. It was great to find an outside organization with the expertise and interest that was willing to play this kind of role!112 qgpq Portland, Oregon (May 2013) Oregon and its largest city have a long history of electoral activism around community water fluoridation. Portland voters rejected fluoridation in 1956 during an era when the issue sparked references to communism and conspiracy.A similar referendum failed in 1962." In 1976, a majority of Oregon voters rejected Measure 11, a ballot initiative that would have made it illegal for a city or locality"to add fluoride or fluorine-containing compounds to any community water supply system!161 In 1978, Portland voters approved a fluoridation program,but two years later—before the program had actually started—voters changed course and voted against fluoridation."' The most recent Portland campaign was actually tiw campaigns—one that preceded the city council's September 2012 vote on a proposal to fluoridate the local water system, and a second campaign that led to a public referendum in May 2013.The first campaign began in early 2012, coordinated by Upstream Public Health, a local organization that advances solutions"backed by science and research" and moves them"into the mainstream dialogue" to create momentum for change." To build this consensus,Upstream formed a diverse coalition of Portland organizations called Healthy Kids, Healthy Portland (HKHP).The coalition included the African Women's Coalition, the Asian Pacific American Network of Oregon, Familias en Acc16n, Kaiser Permanente Northwest,Lutheran Community Services and the Oregon Business Association." HKHP's core message was that Portland was"in an oral health crisis" that affects all citizen residents.`'8 Pew provided funding to support HKHP's efforts to build the coalition, facilitate communications strategies,fund public survey research, and hire both a campaign manager and a government relations specialist. (During the voter referendum campaign that followed the council's decision, Pew's assistance focused on in-kind support,such as allowing several staff to be deployed for brief periods in Portland, providing advice and recommendations.) HKHP's lengthy conversations with Portland City Council members—backed by the data it shared— bore fruit in September 2012,when the council voted unanimously to fluoridate the local water JU t$ system."The vote came soon after a seven-hour public meeting in which the council heard from both supporters and opponents of the ., � A #, proposal. i,t . , { The city council's 5-0 vote galvanized fluoridation critics,who launched a grassroots campaign to ' collect enough signatures to force C)U l i a public referendum.The petition . ;s e effort was buoyed by the perception that council members had acted A �% „ 0 0 hastily and not allowed for lengthy M K " public debate.A Portland indie rock t l M band organized a concert to benefit the petition drive, and one of the band's leaders shared a sentiment that seemed to speak for many."Though I personally may be against putting m� portlarscl City cot€nc€i'v -o vote galvanized ftuc+ridati n fluoride in the water, I organized who € €s c petition t rra §cars to force a �56.€blic refere ;. this event to protect democracy on a bigger scale.There are a lot of pro- fluoride people signing the petition to get the referendum [who] believe we should vote on something like this.""' Pew's post-campaign analysis—produced after interviewing local stakeholders—concluded that many residents did not"feel like their community made the choice," either through a public vote or a council decision that followed lengthy public discussion." As The Oregoriiai7 reported,"Some critics complained that the city council essentially reached a decision before citizens had a chance to weigh in."'' The "anti-democratic" message aided signature-gathering efforts that were coordinated by a group called Clean Water Portland.A few months later, HKHP leaders were surprised when opponents submitted over 33,000 valid petition signatures—more than 70 percent above the number required to force a referendum.' Having expected the city council's vote to be the last word, HKHP scrambled to assemble the ingredients needed for a grassroots, referendum-focused campaign, as the public vote was scheduled for only eight months after the council's decision. Until the final month of the referendum campaign, HKHP lacked a full-time communications manager to manage media requests,brief its public spokespersons and handle other tasks.'' HKHP also struggled to get volunteers for canvassing or other activities. HKHP launched a"friends and family" initiative that encouraged supporters to send personal emails about why they supported water fluoridation,but the program wasn't launched until the final four weeks before the public voted.75 Although HKHP had built a coalition of nearly 100 local groups,Dr.Kurt Ferre, a local dentist, noted that"this didn't translate into a huge block of campaign foot soldiers." For this reason,HKHP was unable to achieve its goal of contacting 30,000 registered voters to assess whether they supported or opposed fluoridation."'"It was a grass tops campaign, not a grass roots campaign,"said Dr. Ferre."" By contrast,passion fueled opponents' organizing efforts."The pro-fluoridation Healthy Kids, Healthy Portland simply seems to have been out-organized," the online magazine Slate observed weeks before the votes were counted.The coalition's approach,wrote Slate, was too wonky:"They've brought policy papers to a gun fight.."" Local oral health advocates generally concurred with this assessment, and several of them w referred to the"passion gap" that persisted during the campaign. A Pew consultant who had met with Portland stakeholders said that"the new media give passion ' d an inordinate amount of power" which is why closing the passion gap should be a priority for oral health advocates."It is a question x i z of adding outrage and anger to our existing kit of science and truth,"he said."This was echoed by Felisa Hagins,political director of one of Portland's largest employee unions,who said the HKHP coalition's approach was"a little too nice.."s"Dr. Ferre observed that while the leadership of the state and county dental societies vocally supported HKHP's efforts, most rank-and-file dentists were not involved in the campaign. Although nearly every public opinion poll showed majority support for fluoridation in Portland, that support never reached 60 percent,which is widely considered the threshold required for a ballot measure to have a reasonable chance of prevailing.' In February, roughly three months before the referendum, a public opinion poll commissioned by HKHP showed that 54 percent of voters backed fluoridation, while 42 percent opposed the health practice.12 In the weeks between this survey and the actual vote, two media stories might have undercut public support for fluoridation. First, a draft report on oral health was shared with the state's largest newspaper, showing a drop in the percentages of Oregon children with at least one cavity and with untreated tooth decay.Although the progress in Multnomah County (Portland) trailed the statewide improvement,fluoridation critics capitalized on headlines that downplayed concerns about children's oral health.83 Second,Portland's water utility proposed an increase of nearly 8 percent in water rates for the next fiscal year."The requested rate hike was unrelated to fluoridation,but some voters might have connected the proposed increase to the ballot measure. JUL. w=, When the final vote was counted, the fluoridation initiative was rejected by a 60-to-40 percent margins'Although fluoridation ultimately was endorsed by every Portland-area newspaper that took a public position, proponents couldn't overcome the seeds of fear and doubt that opponents had planted."Voter turnout was higher than typical for a local special election,but it was significantly lower than the 82 percent of county voters who cast ballots in the 2012 general election." Today, Portland's 610,000 residents and an additional 290,000 people served by the city's water system continue to lack access to fluoridated water. It is the largest U.S. city that has not approved a policy to implement this health practice. u « > V The best offense is a good defense rritil,rlly Ilc\v's work conce.jarated on. assisting state oi- local < dvoc atc s to Pass fuor-icl,rtiorr Irolrcles. In -)() 1 "I , three years rato its work. Pew expanded its role l-ry pr-ovldlnp technical assistance to ac_lvocates wlm wc:rc F ci r� -rollback" attempts effc-)r-ts by critics to oriel lore(y- stan irro - state or local fluoridation pro r-an s. This strategic decision reflected Pew's recognition that rollbacks of existing policies are both a setback for public health and a factor that can undermine efforts to expand fluoridation to new communities. For instance,several months before the Portland fluoridation campaign was launched, critics rescinded a fluoridation policy in Philomath, a town 90 miles south of Portland.Although this rollback attempt was later reversed, the challenge it presented could have undercut the Portland effort.This dynamic plays out across the country because a successful rollback can embolden opponents and make it harder to maintain the momentum behind fluoridation. Working to defeat rollback attempts has also helped build a base of dedicated, educated advocates who can work to both preserve and advance fluoridation. Over a three-year period,Pew consulted with advocates in dozens of communities who were fighting to defend local fluoridation policies against attacks.Most of these policies were preserved.Matt Crespin, associate director of the Children's Health Alliance of Wisconsin,said Pew's assistance aided a local coalition's efforts to preserve Milwaukee's fluoridation policy in 2012."It was helpful to have people at Pew who could give us an idea of what to expect and how to handle each of the anti-fluoride arguments,"Crespin said." Columbia,Mo.,Bradford,Vt. and Pinellas County, Fla., are among numerous other communities in which fluoridation was successfully defended or reinstated with Pew's assistance. In fact, since 2011, Pew has assisted more than 40 communities in defeating rollback attempts, effectively protecting water fluoridation for more than 5 million people. Lori Henderson, a pediatric dentist in Columbia, called Pew's assistance vital in the successful defense of the city's fluoridation policy."The fact sheets and other materials were very helpful,but the conversation and strategizing were the most important to me," she said."I relied on Pew staff for helping me think more deeply about how to approach the situation and focus on the right things."" Johnny Johnson, a pediatric r . Jed dentist In Pinellas County, welcomed Pew's help as he and other stakeholders worked to v x x reinstate fluoridation. Pew sent a , c a letter to the county board of cori11111SS10nerS that outlined the < ' science behind fluoridation, and it was extremely helpful, he said. �, ,� " ' +" g3`' .3 K �Z E �� -� � , Even public health officials and advocates who have not sought a ys G? Pew's technical assistance in rollback attempts have benefited ME from the 1nStltLltlOn'S CngagelllCnt on this issue. From the Iowa Public Health Association to the Board of Health of Reading,Pennsylvania, a number of stakeholders have cited Pew's support for fluoridation—and its reports,web content and infographics—to educate the public and uphold local policies. In doing so, these health advocates have recognized Pew's reputation for high-quality research and analysis."' ,V/ Other innovative policy solutions c:stdes supporting state arid. local campaigns to expand AU01-id tion, Pew has advocated for new policy soltrtiorrs that advance Lind protect coninituuty Water f11101-i'datI011 through norrtr-aclitlonal. tiaearrs. In 2009, Mississippi amended an existing funding stream for water projects, the Drinking Water Revolving Loan Fund (DWRLF), to provide financial assistance to communities in the state to add fluoride to their water systems.The fund, established by the Safe Drinking Water Act Amendments of 1996,provides low-interest loans and technical assistance to public water systems to comply with federal and state drinking water regulations.' Once eligibility for this assistance was enacted in Mississippi,Pew helped to educate communities about the opportunity to apply for a loan to create or update their fluoridation systems. Learning from Mississippi's example, Pew worked with state agencies and local advocates in Colorado and Louisiana to create similar opportunities for communities to fluoridate their water systems as part of the DWRLE Specifically, Pew advocated for a policy change that allows communities in Louisiana and Colorado to include fluoridation equipment as part of their"intended use plan" for the loan. If a community includes such equipment, it will receive additional points on the application and increase the likelihood that its project will receive funding through the DWRLE Following the change to the loan fund in Louisiana,Pew partnered with the Louisiana Rural Water Association to hold local educational meetings with water operators and engineers to increase awareness of the potential fluoridation funding. In New York,Pew successfully advised the Schuyler Center for Analysis and Advocacy (SCAR) on legislative options for preserving and expanding community water fluoridation. SCAR drafted language—known as the Healthy Teeth Amendment—that was included in the Newyork state budget and passed by the legislature on March 31, 2015.The language requires a city council or other local body in a fluoridated community to: notify local residents at least 90 days before taking a final vote on whether to cease fluoridation; identify the health professionals with which it has consulted; and specify the alternatives to fluoridation,if any,"that will be made available in the community" if fluoridation is ended. In addition, the budget language establishes a $5 million grant fund to facilitate equipment purchases, upgrades or other infrastructure costs for initiating or maintaining fluoridation of a local water system. Pew also worked with SCAR to expand the New York State Oral Health Coalition's membership and engagement. Pew developed a campaign plan that included communications strategy, objectives, timelines, and anticipated obstacles, as well as providing a compendium of materials, including a series of issue briefs outlining the state's oral health challenges and the effectiveness of several prevention strategies. Pew provided New York organizations with training in social media, media relations and developing messaging around connnunity water fluoridation. 'JULY 20161 k H . Final thoughts ntcrvIe-v%,7 sub' jects ao -reed that fluorIcLation advocacy at the state or local, level nittst be approach-ed as a. political carnpalgii., .1.11 Cl LIAID S I()Nv and carel-Idly planned eciticatimi and community orgal)MMY, COM]lit-till catiotis ti-1-tin-Ing and lssistailce. coatinoil-buIlding, direct - a(E/o acy, Ind other activities that at e part oCtliese efforts. The Health Trust's Ferrer stressed the importance of allowing ample time for planning and executing the early steps of a local campaign. "It takes 10 times longer than you think it should to carry out a campaign like this,"said Ferrer. "There is a phase where you are gathering the data to help make your case.There is a phase where you are building your coalition.There are other important phases, too. None of them is easy to do. It takes a plan, and it takes discipline to accomplish this.There are no shortcuts." WDSF's Firiiian said that experienced advocates should offer guidance to others on effective strategies to expand or preserve fluoridation."We should be willing to identify best practices and not let local people go into battle ...................... rti without this guidance," said ..................... Firman."Instead of just saying, `All campaigns are different,'we need to show some leadership.We know there are certain strategies .... .......... i i that are important,such as building ....................................................... a coalition that reaches outside of oral health. Let's not be sl-ry about sharing these strategies." Citing his own experience in Wisconsin, Crespin urged health organizations not to assume their local fluoridation policies are safe."Whenever you learn there is even a slight possibility that fluoridation could be in jeopardy, don't take it lightly," he advised."When the initial attacks were heard in Milwaukee, many of us told ourselves,`This is never going to happen.'But, suddenly, we found ourselves in a real battle." Oral health professionals and advocates strongly agreed that promoting fluoridation takes more than simply circulating research and statistics.The science firmly supports fluoridation,but, as the Kansas Health Foundation's Power observed, this knowledge "can lead advocates to get overconfident and underestimate the opposition.The opponents have an easy road to travel.All they have to do is to raise some doubts; they don't have to prove anything." J,u. The Path Forward he Mdividttals -\vho were Mterviewed. foz- this repot-t iii ° �t'fied a vai-ie:ty of migohig challenges thAt flLJ01-idat1011 advoC� 1teS heed to laddress.'The 6611owit)_� chl dleiiges Nvere allloel(T those i ost fi-egt ently cited: Convening meetings to share insights and ideas. Nearly all of the stakeholders called it a priority to maintain and build the national coalition—the Campaign for Dental Health (CDH).The meeting of health and children's advocates that Pew co-hosted with CDH in 2013 and 2014 was also cited as an important activity."That meeting recharges you and keeps you abreast of what's happening," said Ferrer. Coalition-building. Expanding the pro-fluoride coalition to include more organizations representing people of color is necessary for ensuring access to water fluoridation. Pew's current project to translate pro-fluoride education materials into Spanish and test effective fluoridation messages with Latino Americans is an important step toward engaging this community around oral health in general and, more specifically, the benefits of fluoridation. Moreover, because critics of fluoridation have targeted misleading messages to African Americans, efforts to address the needs and concerns of that community are also crucial. Online and social media presence. Most of those interviewed pointed to the growing importance of the Internet and social media as sources for health information, especially for millennials. Critics of fluoridation were quicker to tap the potential of these vehicles for shaping public attitudes.An analysis published in 2014 shows that the leading anti-fluoride website received five times as many page views as the CDC's fluoridation pages.AAP's Russinof said the web is "a powerful platform"for advocacy."We all had a steep learning curve, and we learn more every day about how to operate more effectively in that arena,"she said."We've made strides,but we have to build on that." Post-campaign assessments. A number of those interviewed said that one of the things they've appreciated most about the CDH's annual meetings is hearing directly from people who have coordinated recent fluoridation campaigns.The insights and analysis, interviewees felt,strengthened their own ability to advocate by incorporating new strategies and tactics. Interviewees urged these assessments to continue through both webinars and on-site meetings. Fluoridation Costs. Although water fluoridation is the least expensive way to provide fluoride's benefits to an entire community, the initial capital expenditures can sometimes discourage or delay a town's decision to initiate this health practice. Some interviewees called on the CDH to help develop new funding strategies, including helping to identify foundations that are willing to fund these capital costs or provide other forms of support. Training needs. Many of those interviewed said it should be a priority to train more health professionals and community activists to both understand the science behind fluoridation and to communicate effectively to lay audiences. Dr.Johnson called the funding of advocacy training "the greatest challenge"for those seeking to preserve fluoridation."The training presentations that Pew has hosted or co-sponsored have filled a real gap that previously existed,"he said. Outreach to water system personnel. Pew, CDH and others have begun building positive relationships with water operators and engineers,but these nascent efforts must continue. Critics of fluoridation send emails to water-system employees that typically include inaccurate or misleading information."We need to improve our relationships with water operators," said The Health Trust's Ferrer."They don't think like people in the public health world think, and we need to take that into account." Research findings. Although fluoridation is supported by many decades of studies and analyses,several people interviewed for this report encouraged continued research to monitor the impact of this health practice. Stakeholders felt more studies should be encouraged to confirm fluoridation's impact on Medicaid programs—in reducing both tooth decay and its treatment costs. Stakeholders were pleased to know that Pew is funding a project to examine the cost savings of fluoridation. ;,.,. M, 0 Url Overarching lessons Don't assume that"sharing the science"behind fluoridation will ensure a campaign's success.It's important to connect the scientific evidence to a community's values. Monitor traditional media and social media.Many attacks on local fluoridation policies initially appear as Facebook pages or manifest themselves through a series of anti-fluoride letters to the editor. Identify individuals who can be effective,passionate public spokespersons and tap into the community's values. Recognize that every campaign is comprised of different phases requiring careful planning and execution.No campaign to initiate fluoridation should be undertaken without allowing ample time for coalition-building,fundraising and the other critical phases. Ensure that campaign roles are appropriately aligned with individuals'skills and knowledge. A particular dentist might be a great choice to brief the campaign on new or existing studies,as well as to review content for scientific accuracy.But this same dentist might not be the ideal spokesperson to engage in media interviews. Estimated number city 1 ! Type of of people state campaign affecteda Key lessons that emerged -------------------- _ _. —.— -- Arkansas i State 640,000 Identify a highly respected and committed legislator as the bill's chief legislature sponsor. � Cite a negative health ranking or report card to instill a sense of urgency, Y supporters orters and build momentum. � � Seek and secure funding sources to defray the capital costs of initiating fluoridation. Consider hiring a government affairs firm that has good relationships with legislators of both major parties. Build a strong,diverse coalition of stakeholders to strengthen advocacy efforts. i San Jose, Local water 1 285,000 Inform public officials and key stakeholders of the typical arguments that CA board vote critics use so they are"inoculated"and are far less susceptible to the myths 1 that they will hear as the public dialogue intensities. Communicate the need for fluoridation in ways that connect with residents'values,such as the"social justice"impact of fluoridation. ' Allow ample time for key pre-campaign activities,such as meeting with potential partners and choosing the best data for illustrating the community's oral health challenges. Wichita, Public i 450,000 Don't over-rely on health professionals as spokespersons.Identify parents, I KS referendum i teachers,civic leaders,business leaders and other nontraditional stakeholders jwho can help deliver key messages to target audiences. r i Reach an understanding on funding commitments or vehicles before I moving into a public referendum. Ensure that the campaign's structure and governance enable it to be nimble and to direct funding or resources where they are needed without delay. j U.S. Memoran- 1 125,0006 Recognize the important role that data can play in helping to establish the Depart- dun from need for policy action or reaffirmation. meat of senior DOD i Connect the importance of oral health and fluoridation's benefits for adults i Defense official to the organization's mission—in this case,military readiness. (DOD) Portland, City 900,000 Set 60 percent support (in public opinion surveys) as a minimum threshold OR ! council; before proceeding with a fluoridation campaign that could go to a Public referendum.This threshold recognizes that support tends to erode for referendum f virtually all ballot proposals—regardless of the issue—in the months leading up to Election Day. Lay the groundwork for a"flip the switch"grassroots field operation if there's a chance that the fluoridation proposal could be referred to voters. Use data to demonstrate the need for cavity prevention and consider carefully whether"crisis"or similar terms are accurate ways to describe the community's challenge. Consider citing one or two glaring examples of deceptive messages to I illustrate why opponents lack credibility. a, The number of people affected by fluoridation decisions in a community is often different from the jurisdiction's population. In many cases, the affected population is larger because many community water systems have contracts to provide drinking water to adjacent communities. j b. This includes active-duty personnel and their dependents. I Endnotes I "Fluoridation Basics,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,July 25, July 10,2013,littp://www cdc gov/fluoridation/safety/dental fluorosis.lnnn 2013,littp•//www.ccic.,ov/fluoridation/basics/index.litnn;and"2012 Water 10 Cancer,kidney ailments and diseases of the circulatory system are examples. Fluoridation Statistics,"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,updated For more information,see:Kenneth R.Elwell and Kenneth A.Easlick, Nose 22,2013,http//www ede¢ov/fluoridation/statistics/2(112stats htnn "Classification and Appraisal of Objections to Fluoridation,"University of 2 The precise percentage is 74.6 percent.See:"2012 Water Fluoridation Michigan School of Public Health(1960),Ann Arbor,Michigan. Statistics." 11 "National Academy of Sciences on Fluoride in Drinking Water,"Centers 3 In 2012,the last year in which a comprehensive census of water systems was for Disease Control and Prevention,July 10,2013,lnttp://wwwcdc.gov/ taker),approxinnately 210 million Americans had access to fluoridated water. fluoridation/safety/nas.ham. In 2010 and 2008,these numbers were 204 million and 196 million.In 2000, 12 "Water fluoridation:Health monitoring report for England 201 "Public the number of Americans with access to fluoridated water was about 162 Health England,March 2014,http://www.deutalwatcli.orL/fl/engiatid. million.See:"Reference Statistics on Water Fluoridation Status;'Centers for pdE,and"Health effects of water fluoridation:A review,of the scientific Disease Control and Prevention,updated Nov.22,2013,hap://wvv v.edc. evidence,"Royal Society of New Zealand&Office of the Prime Minister's ov/fluoridation/statistics/refisence statshtm. Chief Science Advisor,August 2014,h, ttp://assets.royalsociety.org.nz/ 4 "Fluoridation Basics." medic/2014/08/Health-effects-of-seater-fluoridation Aug 2014 corrected 5 "Preventing Dental Caries:Community Water Fluoridation;'U.S. Jan 2015.1)df. Community Preventive Services Task Force,April 2013,htep://www. 13 Aaron Mertz and Myron Allukian,"Community water fluoridation on the tllecomununiV,Llid org/oral/fluoridation Intml. Internet and social media,"Journal of the Massachusetts Dental Society,Summer 6 Healthy People 2020,"Oral Health Interventions,"OH-13,http://hvm-\v. 2014,63,no.2,32-36,httl2://w\NAv.ticbi.iiljli.iiih.gov/12tibnied/25230407. healthypeoole•>ov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/oral-health/objectives. 14 Phone interview with Emily Firman,senior program officer at the 7 "Preventing Dental Caries:Community Water Fluoridation;' Washington Dental Service Foundation,Nose 3,2014. 8 "Fluoridation Basics." 15 Phone interview with Robin Miller,Vermont oral health official, 9 "FAQs for Dental Fluorosis,"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Nov.10,2014. 'i JU ,?_ 16 Phone interview with Judith Feinstein,former ASTDD committee chair, /assembly/2011/20118/Pages/Votes aspx?resnunt=245&votechatnmber Oct.31,2014 =Senate;the House of Representatives vote is provided at httyWwww.arkleg 17 Phone interview with Laura Smith,president&CEO of the Washington state anus/assembly/2011/201 lIk/1'ages/Votes.aspx?resnunm=384&votechant Dental Service Foundation,Nov.3.2014. ber=House;(Seven members of the House voted"present"or did not vote 18 Phone interview with William Bailey,former Assistant Surgeon General, on S.B.359;three members of the Senate did not cast a yes or no vote.) Dec.22,2014- 35 Phone interview with Mouden. 19 Phone interview with Johnny Johnson,Florida pediatric dentist, 36 Because San Jose residents receive their drinking water from different Nov.3,2014. sources,some residents receive fluoridated water,but an estimated 285,000 20 "2010 Water Fluoridation Statistics,"Centers for Disease Control city residents do not.For more information,see the San Jose Municipal and Prevention,May 11,2011,ht_pt ://ivs v.cdc..ov/fluoridation/ Water System's 2011 l4�atcr Quality Report at http://ww+csanjoseca.gov/ statistics/2010stats.lntrn. e DocumentCenter/View/1040. 21 Doug Smith,"The fluoride is coming,"Arkansas Times,Nov.23,2011,http:// 37 "Fluoride OK'd for San Jose drinking water;'Associated Press,Nov_17,2011, wsNnvarktinnes con/arkausas/the-fluoride-is-coming/Coutent'oid=1951470; http//ww\vutsandie"o con/news/2011/nov/17/fluoride-okd-for-sat-Jose and The Cost o(Delay:State Dental Policies Fail One in Fine Children,The Pew -drinking-water/. Charitable Trusts,February 2010,littp://wwsscpewtrusts.org/en/research- 38 "Oral Health Education and Dental Services,"The Health Trust,accessed and-analysis/reports/0001/01/01/the-cost-of-delay Jan.6,2015 httt '//healtlitrust or /services/oral health education and dental 22 Phone interview with Lynn MOUden,former oral health director at the -services/. Arkansas Department of Health,Nov.4,2014. 39 Phone interview with Fred Ferrer,CEO of The Health Trust,Nov.11,2014. 23 The text of the Nebraska law can be accessed at httki://fltiidlaw.org/policy 40 "Healthy Teeth for All-SCVWD Board Meeting,"PACT,accessed /nebraska-statute;the text of Arkansas S.B.39 of 2011,"An Act to Provide Jan.6,2015 lid://Nv%v v.pactsi.or./events/liealtliv-teeth-for-all-scvwd for Certain Water Systems to Maintain a Level of Fluoride to Prevent Tooth -hoard-meeting. Decay,"at http'//wwtv.arkleg.state.,4r.tis/assembly/2011/20118/Bills 41 Paul Rogers,"Santa Clara Valley Water District to vote on fluoridation," /SB359.1?df. SanJoscMcrony Vws,Nov.11,2011,http://NNryv\v.niercurynews.com/ 24 Chad Hunter."Fort Smith to Fluoridate Drinking Water,"TheTunes ci 19318769. Record,Aug.21,2014,http://swtinnes.com/news/fort-smith-fluoridate 42 "About Us,"Silicon Valley Leadership Group,accessed Jan.6,2015, -drinking-water. http://svlg.org/about-us. 25 Smith,"The fluoride is coming." 43 Rogers,"Santa Clara Valley Water District to vote." 26 Robert Loaves,"HHS Recommends Lower Fluoride Levels in Drinking 44 "Water District board moves forward on fluoridation funding agreement," Water,"Medscape,Jan.10,2011,http_//wtnnv.medscape.conm press release by The Health Trust,Dec.17,2012,http://healthtrttst.org /viewarticle/735486;and Saundra Young,"Government recommends /2012/12/17/water-district-board-moves-fimvard-om-fluoridation lowering fluoride levels in U.S.drinking water,"CNN,Jan.7,2011,http:// -funding-argreement/. wmsw.cnn.com/2011/HEALTH/01/07/fluoride.reconitnendations/. 45 Dion Lefler and Annie Calovich,"Wichita voters reject fluoridated water;' 27 "Oral Health in Arkansas:The Facts;'Arkansas Center for Health The Wichita Eagle,November 7,2012,http://www.kansas.coun/mesas/ Improvement and the Arkansas Department of Health,2009,http:/Avwmv. article 102401.1itnml. achi.net/Content/Documents/Re.sourceRenderer ashx?ID=89;bnpact and 46 Ibid. [rnlue:'1'rllingYour Program's Story,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 47 Annie Calovich,"Surrounding municipal water customers await Wichita's 2007,28,lmttp://wwwcde gov/oralhealth/publications/library/12df`/success fluoride vote,"The 144chita Eagle,Oct.25,2012,http://svwmv.kans.is.ct)ni/ story workbook.pdf,and Kathryn Lucariello,"Water district manager:Ads news/articlel101563.htnnl. are prelude to mandatory fluoridation attempt,"Carroll County News,June 25, 48 Although the Wichita Business Coalition on Health Care endorsed 2008,http://www.carrollconews.com/story/1439583.html, fluoridation,the broader business community did not publicly support 28 Christine Nathe,"Water fluoridation in Arkansas,"RDH,2011,31,no.7, the ballot initiative to fluoridate the city's water.See:Josh Heck,"Wichita httl2://ww\v rdhnnag con/articles/print/volume-31/issue-7/columns Business Coalition on Health Care urges`yes'vote on fluoride,"Wichita /water-fluoridation-in-arkarmsas.httiml. Business Journal,Oct.31,2012,lit ://www.biziournals.cornn/wicltita/ 29 Phone interview with Elisabeth Wright Burak,health policy director for news/2012/10/31/wichita-business-coalition-on-health.htnnl?page=all. Arkansas Advocates for Children and Families,Nov.10,2014. 49 For an example of how opponents attacked fluoridation's costs,see:"Wichita 30 "Community Water Fluoridation Prograrn,"Arkansas Department of Health, Anti-Fluoride Electronic Billboards,"Fhnrnde Free Kansas,Oct.22,2012, accessed Nose 7,2014,http://\vsslv.liealtlmarkansis.gov/prograrnisServices/ http'//fluoridefreekansas or"/20'12/10/wicltita-electronic-I)illlioards/;and oralhealtlt/Pages/WaterFluoridatiot.aspx. Fred Mann,"Private donors commit$1.35 million toward fluoride start-up 31 "Savings front Water Fluoridation:What the Evidence Shows;'The Pew costs in Wichita,"The Wichita Eagle,Oct.26,2012,http://www.kansas.conn/ Charitable Trusts,2011,http://wwNv.ilikeiiiyteetli.orn/wp-content/ news/articlel101613.1ntnml. uploads/2010/11/SavinLS-fronrFluoridation.pdf. 32 Phone interview with Mouden. 50 Phone interview with Kim Moore,president of the United Methodist Health 33 Phone interview with Burak. Ministry Fund,Jan_9,2015. 34 Votes cast by the Arkansas House of Representatives and Senate on 51 Dion Lefler,"Harvard scientists:Data on fluoride,IQ not applicable in S.B.359.The Senate vote is provided at http://sysysv.arkleg.state.ar.us U.S_,"The Wichita Eagle,Sept.11,2012,http://www.katisis.con/news/ E I.' JULY arricle1098857.litnil. victory,"The Ongonian,May 21,2013,littp'//wwworegonlive.com/uial)es/ 52 Lefler and Calovich,"Wichita voters reject fluoridated water." index ssf/2013/O5/portlands high carter quality h html. 53 Phone interview with Chris Power,vice president of administration for the 73 Beth Slovic,"Fluoride referendum qualifies for Portland's May 2014 ballot," Kansas Health Foundation,Dec.15,2014. The Oregonian,Nose 8,2012,http://wNv Nvore.tonlive.com/portland/index. 54 "Fluoridation Movie a Game-Changer,"Kansas Republican Assembly, ssf/2012/1 1/fluoride referendum qualifies.htnil. Dec.12,2012,littt ://kansasrepublicanassembly.or,/2012/12/12/fluoridation 74 "Healthy Kids,Healthy Portland:Final Report,"submitted by the coalition to -movie-a-game-changer/. The Pew Charitable Trusts,2013. 55 John Celock,"Topeka,Kansas,Urged To Remove Fluoride Front Drinking 75 Ibid. WaterTo Protect Legislators'IQs;'The Hu ington Post,Feb.16,2013,http:// 76 Ibid. wsswhtiffingtonpost.com/2013/02/15/topeka-kansas-flooride n 2697306. 77 Phone interview with Kurt Ferre,Oregon dentist,Nov.24,2014. htiTd?utrn_hp_ref=health-news&ir=Health%20News;and Andy Marso, 78 Blumgart,"What's the Matter With Portland?" "Voters in Salina,Kansas vote to keep fluoride in water,"KCPT,Nov.5,2014, 79 "Yost-Referendumn Reflections,Portland CWF Campaigns,"an assessment by http://wsysvkcpt.or6/health/voters-saliva-kansas-vote-fluoride-water/. The Pew Charitable Trusts,June 27,2013. 56 George F Jeffc.ott,United States Army Dental Sewice in World Ylar II,Office of 80 Blumgart,What's the Matter with Portland?" the Surgeon General,U.S.Army Medical Department,Chapter VI,200-2201, 81 Several political strategists and political columnists have pointed to the 60 http'//history.aniedd.arnrv.niil/bot)ksdocs/sysvii/dental/ch6.htni. percent survey threshold as a good indicator of a ballot initiative's likelihood 57 William Maas,Successes and Opportnnities:The Deparhncnt of De/ences o£being approved.For example,see Rachael Myrow,"Analysis:Gov.Brown's Reajhnnation cfWeter Fluoridation,The Pew Charitable Trusts,Sept.15,2011. 'Gun to the Head'Campaign for Higher Taxes;'KQED News,Aug.30,2012, 58 For more information,see"Consumer Confidence Reports(CCR)," http'//blog kged org/election20l2/2012/08/30/analysis-gov-brosvns- Environmental Protection Agency,littp://seater.el2a.,ov/lawsregs/rulesregs/ national-lampoon-campaign-for-higher-taxes. sdwa/ccr/index.cfin. 82 "Healthy Kids,Healthy Portland:Final Report.° 59 Email communication by Col.Gary C.Martin to the Children's Dental 83 Brad Schmidt,"New report shows across-the-board dental improvements for Health Project,Feb.1,2015. Oregon kids,"1lie Oregonian,April 24,2013.http://sysvw.oregonlive.conr/ 60 For more information,see"Oral Health,"HealthyPeople.gov,U.S. portland/index ssf/2013/04/new report shows across-the-bo.html. Department of Health and Human Services,ham:/Avxsw.healthypeople. 84 Brad Schmidt,"Death,taxes and increasing water and sewer rates:Portland gov/2020/topics-objectives/topic/oral-health. City Hall roundup,"The Oregonian,Feb.13,2013,http://blog.oregonlive. 61 Maas,Sumesses and Opportunities. cony/portlavdcitvliall/2013/02/death taxes and increasing wat.lrtnl. 62 Phone interview conducted with Col.Gary C.Martin,senior military dental 85 Peter Weber,"Wiry Portland refuses to fluoridate its drinking water:''I consultant to the assistant secretary of defense for health affairs,Jan.16,2015. H1 ck,May 22,2013,h //tlieNveek com/article/index/244512/wliy- 63 Jake Blumgart,"What's the Matter With Portland?"Slate, port land-refuses-to-fluoridate-its-drinkinIater. May 17,2013,http//x�nv%vslate.coni/articles/health and science/medical 86 "Healthy Kids,Healthy Portland:Final Report." examiner/2013/05/portland fluoride vote will medical science trump 87 Aaron Mesh,"Fluoride Campaign Spent 5889,000 to Lose by 20 Points," fear and doubt.htnil. Willamette Week,May 31,2013,http//wwNv.wweek.conr/portland/blog- 64 For more details on Measure 11 of 1976,see"Initiative,Referendum and 30261-fluoride campaign spent $889000 to lose by 20 points htnl; Recall:1972-1978;'Orcgon Blue Book,lid://bluebook.state,or.tis/state/ "November 2012 General Election-Voter Turnout,"Multnomah County elections/elections19.1u n. Elections Division,https//IIILIItCO us/elections/november-2012-general- 65 Blumgart,"What's the Matter with Portland?" election-voter-turnout. 66 "Mission&Vision,"Upstream Public Health,https://www. 88 Phone interview with Matt Crespin,associate director of the Children's upstreampublichealth.org/missioru-vision. Health Alliance of Wisconsin,Dec.15,2014. 67 The Healthy Kids,Healthy Portland coalition's website has a complete list 89 Phone interview with Lori Henderson,Missouri pediatric dentist, of supporters,accessible at htt p://healthykidshealthyportland.oro Oct.31,2014. /supporters.htna. 90 "Community Water Fluoridation,"Iowa Public Health Association, 68 See messages on the home page,of Healthy Teeth,Healthy Portland at http//www.iowapha.oru/fluoride;and"Water Fluoridation in the City of httl2://healthykidshealtliyportlarrd.org/. Reading,"Memorandum by the Board of Health,Reading,Pennsylvania, 69 Beth Slovic,"Portland City Council approves adding fluoride to drinking http'//wwN\readirrgpa gov/sites/default/files/boards/environmental water,"The Oregonian,Sept.12,2012,http://Nv N-\¢oregonlive.com/portland/ advisory council/fluoride health statement.pdf. index.ssf/2012/09/portland city council approves 12.1tnrl. 91 "Drinking Water State Revolving Fund(DWSRF),"U.S.Environmental 70 Jonathan Frochtzwajg,"Local Musicians Pick Sides in Fluoride Fight," Protection Agency,Nov.19,2014,http://water.epa.gov/grants funding/ Portland Monthly,Oct.2,2012,http://ww%v.portlandviontlilymag.com/arts- dwsrf. anci-entertainment/culturephile-portland-arts/articles/local-mursicians-pick- 92 Mertz and Allukian. sides-i n-fluoride-fight-o c t o b e r-2012. 71 "Post-Referendum Reflections,Portland CWF Campaigns."an assessment by The Pew CharitableTcusts,June 27,2013. 72 Jeff Mapes,"Portland's high seater quality helps boost fluoride opponents to Children's 1020 r 1`tth Street NVZ Sto TX) NNTashingtori,DC' 20036 NOSG ss r` .x, i mac. , r Wldren' dental health n n d a Na CD o N r f+ 4 * Cr isN M Z � g A � CL Q N ¢► O a O tD 9 � ° t a i5 st i e s �` ■ lftil',,UNDAYr .s2ox� : t . Ins n �r�amm �t A14 S �J. 11}."0!. ' 3 t Ps p .._ �J"Ar!�s'-,��TR". ��f•.« k 1 "fix"'• ■'<,p,y, .Z'#,a. --"�... , ._. ....,a.�<vx�. � .. .. . v: .. PENINSULA DAILX NEWS Q if' NEWS SOURCES DUBLIN,Ireland—Flu- oridation''of water supplies, long ago proved4oR r�teci children From,. t��Sr helps,older adtN:lieep'their ' teeth,a new study from Ire-: land has shown. But fluori : l dation had no . effect 1 1 on over a.1 o.ne t density in the aged,a result that surprised the study's authors because fluorida- tion had been shown to Therlstudy, part of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Aging Was done by research- ers at the dentistry sch . l of T Trinity College Dublin and' involved almost 5,000 adults older than 50. Participants were asked' o indicate roughly how`!' many 'of their '� . teeth they had; some,:"had;,their bone density , measured with iiltl•asound. �" �' "°� ' Those who lived in areas with fluoridated water were more likely.`to;report having all.'tlieir,teetl the research!zpj ers found. Fluoridation'�,began 'm Irelarid'm 1964 did became 1 umve`rsal� in" 'most''urban area's by 1970 Abou`t 85 per cent of the country'lias fluo !rndated yvate , Verses'+�yith private we11a�6fton do 46t n`k As u}�the,UWted'Statesf fluoridg.Oo&was`co4,1"'i r . sial,even though`numerousa l studies`found'if safe' `' '' Healthy'teeth have'long b M e linked'to general well- being-in older adults. In recent geoades,studies have linkO-guin`qindptooth,dis` ease to.`heart disease.•sl,;? The'leading theory.):was j that oral`infections:,',grid -inflammation reached the heart through the blood`3 But a literature`:review hu +ho- lAmarirsin Nanrt 1 Water fluoridation saves money for families,businesses and taxpayers. • Water fluoridation reduces tooth decay on average by 25 percent. • Fluoridation saves $38 in dental care costs for every dollar invested. • Fluoridation works for everyone,young and old, rich and poor alike. Community water fluoridation has wide support. • Experts in medical, dental and public health stand firm in their support of water fluoridation. Fluoridation is supported by the American Academy of Pediatrics,American Dental Association, and the Institute for Science and Medicine among many others. • In December, The Washington State Board of Health included fluoridation as one the strategies to maintain oral health for Washington residents. Why Continue to Fluoridate Port Angeles • All of Clallam County is considered a Federally Designated Health Professional Shortage Area for Dental Care. • In 2012 only 26.6%of Clallam County residents enrolled in Medicaid received a dental service (compared to almost 40% statewide). • According to the 2010 Smile Survey, Clallam County children have higher rates of decay than their peers statewide. • Community water fluoridation provides all Port Angeles residents, regardless of their ability to access dental services,with cavity preventing treatment. Why Not Issue an Advisory Ballot • An advisory ballot on community water fluoridation would not put the issue to rest; it would instead stoke a now smoldering issue. • Placing community water fluoridation on an advisory ballot will be divisive to the community and will result in an influx of fear-bases misinformation. • An advisory ballot on community water fluoridation would be inconsistent with the litigation affirming the power and duty of the Port Angeles City Council to make administrative decisions about its water system. • The advisory vote may serve a political purpose, but it puts the public at risk and costs the citizens time and money that could be spent on other important causes in the community. • An advisory ballot is not the most reliable means to sample public opinion. Oral Health Matters: • Healthy teeth help people get ahead -through reduced health care costs, improved image, and a generally better quality of life. • Beyond the purely financial costs are the human impacts of dental disease. Children and adults affected by painful oral disease risk serious infection and systemic disease. Oral disease has been linked to heart disease, stroke and other serious health conditions. • Throbbing tooth pain prevents children from thriving by disrupting sleep, making it difficult to excel in the classroom and eating healthy foods to help them grow. • In adults and seniors, painful oral disease can make it difficult to find and keep a job, contribute to malnutrition and negatively impact overall health. • Dental disease is preventable. Community water fluoridation is safe. • Community water fluoridation has been studied - and used - for more almost 70 years; the evidence clearly demonstrates that fluoride is a safe and effective means of preventing tooth decay. • The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) named fluoridation as one of the top 10 public health advances in the last 100 years. The experience of more than 200 million Americans clearly validates that fluoridated water is safe and prevents dental disease. • 75 percent of Americans on public water systems drink fluoridated water. Every year more people in the United States benefit from fluoridation. Community water fluoridation is cost effective and works • Since the 1940s, communities across the nation have been fluoridating their water to reduce cavities. • Adjusting the amount of fluoride already naturally in the water to the level needed to prevent tooth decay - like using seatbelts, adding vitamin D to milk or iodide to salt- is a simple step that greatly improves the health of the entire community. • Efforts to encourage drinking tap water help us reduce waste, obesity and - with the right amount of fluoride in the water- help protect our teeth at the same time. Campaign for Dental Health The Clear Weight of the Evidence: A Summary of Research Supporting Water Fluoridation � 1aJeseahor� tbete}rtsQfvteruc � ue©pie,rnc y questr�r tl�e vle of .watratawrzJltordt+ awr�d.childre�zcangetJtuar�dtreatrnenis; de i T Ze llaw g p r �%i wed s d s and- der this z�estion b auseaman of them= eo sluet� u thzn the ast2�years--� hen:bcathf W"" 'W' and fluoride treat"z gnts were r, m z�str Zt s the crucici a 'ed -Qtection against tooth decay that It reduces the rate of tooth decay among children • The U.S.Task Force on Community Preventive ` Services—a blue-ribbon panel of experts—examined 21 studies and concluded in its 2000 report that fluoridated water reduces tooth decay by a median ' rate of 29%among children of ages 4 to 17.E g - • A study of Alaska children(2011),conducted by the '''� Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,showed that children living in non-fluoridated areas had a 32%higher rate of decayed,missing or filled teeth � than kids in fluoridated communities.2 • A study of Illinois and Nebraska children(1998)found that the tooth decay rate among children in the fluoridated town was 45%lower than the rate among kids in the in the two non-fluoridated towns.This benefit occurred even though the vast majority of children in each of these communities were using fluoridated toothpaste.3 • A Nevada study(2010)examined teenagers'oral health and found that living in a community without fluoridated water was one of the top three risk factors associated with high rates of decay and other dental problems 4 • A study of more than 17,000 Australian children(2003)found that fluoridated water's"preventive effect was maximized by continuous exposure both before and after eruption(i.e.,when teeth first a pp ear in the mouth)." This finding refutes the claim made b fluoridation opponents that topical .. � application of fluoride is the only effective way to use fluoride.5 It protects adults'dental health • Nine studies were analyzed(2007)in theJournal of Dental Research to estimate water fluoridation's impact on adult teeth,and this report concluded that fluoridation reduced decay by 27%.The co-authors noted the study's significance for seniors because Medicare does not cover routine dental services and this lack of coverage"increases the need for effective prevention"of decay among older adults.6 READERS'J Peninsula Voices OUR AND EMAIL Fluoride, vaccines cine ethics;http.//tinyurl. teeth was observed. com/,blaylocknn. Fluoride available dur- " All I could say was good (Which is not to say the ing the mother's third tri grief!"after reading Dr. science of inoculation mester and the child's first [Thomas J.] Locke's letter :';.,, ["Oral Health,"Peninsula hasn,t been a good idea;) 7 years of life allow the flu.- l: Voices,Feb. h, • Then,deluge Dr.Locke oride to become a perma Clallam County's public and the local media with nent part of the chemical health doctor promotes the your response. structure of the enamel Dr.Locke can be (outer layer)of all of the r wholesale unquestioning> bob and permanent,teeth, v acce Lance of vaccinations reached at tlocke@ Y Pe P co.clallam,wa.us except wisdom tee th. and fluoridated water. This provides better as Dr.Locke,unlike Make your request to P the waking world,been fast the city of Port Angeles to enhanced b the topical is asleep as the reports come observe and document our �' P P city's water fluoridation application of fluoride in Please consider this Process by contacting toothpaste and drinking t information for the sake of cityclerkCcityofpa.us and,if water. you are not satisfied,fol- Our children(especially your little ones:, those in the lower social- lowing"Fluoride Action l°Wing up with a public Goo g disclosure request. economic levels)deserve Network YouTube,"or go Virginia Leinart, this preventive help. here fora"shocking expose port Angeles To attempt to make any g of this toxic,industrial real sense of the letter- waste byproduct:http:l l writer's use of percentages t tin urlcom/ uorideview. Fluoride data of hospital;emergency den- [It says] the fluoride Regarding"Fluoride tai visits in Port Angeles added to our water Critic"[Peninsula voices, and Forks,we need to destroys our thyroids,brit- Feb.271: know how many of the t tles our bones,lowers the From about 1909-1945, involved patients were IQ of children by 20 points observations of populations born and grew up drinking on average,promotes drinking naturally fluori- the fluoridated city water Alzheimer's,and causes dated water indicated fluo- versus how many did not fluorosis or staining of the , ride and resistance to den- —think of our population teeth. tal decay might be related. who live rurally and on Nations—and that In 1945 a 15-year weds, would be most,including research project began in Without this informa- the Third World-that do Grand Rapids,Mich.,with tion,the writer's"statistics' not fluoridate their water 1.0parts per million fluo are worthless and!mislead ', supply have teeth as ride added to the city water ing For comprehensive, healthy or healthier than supply. L• those municipalities adding The entire population of unbiased,basic information fluoride to the water sup- almost 30,000 school- on fluoridation go to ply. children was studied. http://tinyurl.com/ Read this interview Obviously,children of all wikiwater'and http: k with neurosurgeon Dr.Rus- socioeconomic levels were tinyurl.com/fluorideoral. self Blayiack on uzandatoz included Larry Wisman,D.D.S j vaec�ne.trials;'fraudulxi ; Ar , (�netimd) ,f vaccine science,and vac- 'cent reduction in decayed ,Sequin i i f f 9 American Water Works Association. (2004). Water fluoridation principles and practices:manual of water supply practices (5th ed.). Denver, CO:American Water Works Association. 10 Centers for Disease Control&Prevention. (1999)Achievements in public health, 1900—1999:fluoridation of drinking water to prevent dental caries. MMWR 48(41), 933-940. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4841 al.htm. 11 Id. 12 Throughout this Issue Brief,we rely on CDC's fluoridation rates. CDC's rates appear to be calculated by summing the estimated population receiving optimally fluoridated water(i.e.,water in which the fluoride concentration has been adjusted)with the estimated population receiving water that has natural fluoride concentrations at or above the optimal level.Therefore,a small percentage of the people that are included in these rates may actually be receiving water with higher than optimal fluoride concentrations.According to Kip Duchon, National Fluoridation Engineer at CDC, 3.9 percent of people on CWS receive water with natural fluoride levels at or above the level recommended by HHS; less than 0.5 percent of individuals on CWS receive water with fluoridation levels above EPA's Secondary Maximum Contaminant Level of 2 mg/l, and less than 0.1%receive water exceeding EPA's Primary Maximum Contaminant Level of 4 mg/L. 13 Centers for Disease Control. (1977,April). Fluoridation census, 1975, at 7. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/pdf/statistics/1975.pdf. 14 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013, November 22). Community water fluoridation: 2000 water fluoridation statistics. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/statistics/2000stats.htm; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013,July 10). Community water fluoridation: cost savings of community water fluoridation. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/factsheets/cost.htm. 15 CDC (1999), supra note 10. 16 Newbrun, E. (1989). Effectiveness of water fluoridation. Journal of Public Health Dentistry,49(5),279-289; Brunelle&Carlos, 1999; Brunelle,J.A., &Carlos, J.P. (1990). Recent trends in dental caries in U.S,children and the effect of water fluoridation. Journal of Dental Research, 69, 723-727. 17 Griffin, S.O., Gooch, B.F., Lockwood, S.A., &Tomar, S.L.(2001). Quantifying the diffused benefit from water fluoridation in the United States. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology, 29(2), 120-129. 18 Slade,G.D., Sanders,A.E., Do, L., Roberts-Thomson, K., &Spencer,A.J. (2013). Effects of fluoridated drinking water on dental caries in Australian adults. Journal of Dental Research, 0022034513481190. 19 Fluoride in drinking water cuts tooth decay in adults, study shows. (2013, March 11), Science Daily. Retrieved from ham://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/03/130311151255.htm 20 Edelstein, B.L., Hirsch, G., Frosh, M., & Kumar,J. (2015). Reducing early childhood caries in a Medicaid population: a systems analysis.Journal of the American Dental Association, 146(4), 224-232. 21 CDC (2013)cost savings, supra note 14. 22 Griffin, S.O., Jones, K.,&Tomar, S. L. (2001).An economic evaluation of community water fluoridation. Journal of Public Health Dentistry, 61(2),78-86. 23 National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. (2014, May 28). Dental caries (tooth decay) in children(age 2 to 11). Retrieved from http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/Datastatistics/Find Data ByTopic/DentalCaries/DentalCariesChildren2to11.htm; National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. (2014, May 28). Dental caries(tooth decay) in adults (Age 20 to 64). Retrieved from http://www.nidcr.nih.gov/Datastatistics/FindDataByTopic/DentalCaries/Denta[CariesAdults20to64 htm. 24 Children's Dental Health Project. (2013, October 30). Most Americans unaware that ACA includes children's dental services;1 in 3 report toothaches or other problems, and more say cost delays care. Retrieved from http://cdhp.s3.amazonaws.com/downloads/cdhp-wakefield-survey.pd . 25 Centers for Medicare& Medicaid Services, National health expenditures 2012 highlights. Retrieved May 28, 2015 from https://kaiserhealthnews.files.wordpress com/2014/04/highli htq s pdf. 26 CDC (1999), supra note 10. 27 Emami, E., de Souza, R. F., Kabawat, M., &Feine, J. S. (2013). The impact of edentulism on oral and general health. International Journal of Dentistry.doi: 10.1155/2013/498305. 28 American Academy of Pediatrics. (2015). Fluorosis facts: a resources for parents and caregivers. Retrieved from http://ilikemyteeth.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/FluorosisFactsForFamilies pdf American Dental Association. (2005) Fluoridation facts, 2005; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015, May 13). Community water fluoridation:fluoridation safety. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/safety/. 29 National Research Council. (1993). Health effects of ingested fluoride.Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press,at 37. 30 Mascarenhas,A. K. (2000). Risk factors for dental fluorosis: a review of the recent literature. Pediatric dentistry, 22(4), 269-277. 31 NRC (1993), supra note 29, at 45-46. 32 lida, H., & Kumar,J.V. (2009). The association between enamel fluorosis and dental caries in US schoolchildren. The Journal of the American Dental Association, 140(7), 855-862. 33 American Dental Association. (2015). Statement commemorating the 60th anniversary of community water fluoridation. Retrieved May 28, 2015 from ADA website http://www ada orq/en/about-the-ada/ada-positions-policies-and-statements/statement-commemorating_ the-60th-anniversarv-of-co. 34 McDonagh, M. S.,Whiting, P. F.,Wilson, P. M., Sutton,A.J., Chestnutt, I., Cooper,J. &Kleijnen,J. (2000). Systematic review of water fluoridation. Bmj, 321(7265), 855-859(estimating that, at a fluoridation level of 1 ppm(which is equal to 1 mg/L), about 12.5% of the exposed population would have aesthetically concerning fluorosis. But cf. Chankanka, Levy,Warren, and Chalmers (2010, p. Page 7 106) (concluding that"In the more recent studies with methodological improvements to assess impact on quality of life, mild dental fluorosis clearly was not a concern. In fact, sometimes it was associated with improved oral health-related quality of life, probably due to the public's greater emphasis on white teeth." 35 American Academy of Pediatrics.(2015). Fluorosis facts: a resources for parents and caregivers. Retrieved from http://iIikemyteeth.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/FluorosisFactsForFami lies.pd American Dental Association. (2005) Fluoridation facts, 2005. 36 Beltran-Aguilar, E. D., Barker, L., &Dye, B.A. (2010). Prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in the United States, 1999-2004. 37 National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in drinking water: a scientific review of EPA's standards.Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press, at 4. 38 Id. at 10. 39 Onoriobe, U., Rozier, R. G., Cantrell,J., & King, R. S. (2014). Effects of Enamel Fluorosis and Dental Caries on Quality of Life. Journal of dental research, 93(10), 972-979. 40 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (2015, May 28). Oral health. Retrieved May 28, 2015 from HealthyPeople.gov website http://www.healthypeople.gov/2020/topicsobjectives2020/ob*ectiveslist.aspx?topicld=32. 41 See Table 1. 42 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2015, May 12). Community water fluoridation:scientific reviews and reports: assessing the weight of the evidence. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/safety/systematic.htm. 43 U.S.Const. amend.X. 44 Gostin, L.O. (2008). Public health law:power, duty, restraint(2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 92. 45 See e.g., City Comm n of Fort Pierce v. State ex re/.A/tenhoff,1962; Baer v. City of Bend,1956; Chapman v. City of Shreveport, 1954 (all upholding cities'decisions to fluoridate their water based on their authority to protect the health and general welfare of their inhabitants. It is important to note, however,that how courts interpret states' delegation of police power does vary by state). See also Reynolds (2009, §§49, 50, 55). 46 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2013, July 10).Community water fluoridation: cost savings of community water fluoridation. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/factsheets/cost.htm. 47 The water district that serves San Jose voted to fluoridate in December 2011. (American Dental Association,2012) Fred Ferrer, CEO of The Health Trust, a San Jose-based organization that was involved in the fluoridation campaign, stated that San Jose is working with a water wholesaler to implement the policy over the coming years. (F. Ferrer, personal communication). 48 The 13 states are Arkansas, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, Ohio, and South Dakota.Ark.Code Ann, §20-7-136(2011);Conn. Gen. Stat.§ 19a-38(2013); Del. Code Ann.Tit. 16, § 124 (West 2013); Ga. Code Ann. § 12-5-175(West 2012);415 111. Comp. Stat.40/7a (West 2013); Ky. Rev. Stat.Ann.§211.190(Section 11) (West 2012); Minn. Stat.Ann.§ 144.145(West 2012); Neb. Rev. Stat.Ann. §71-3305 (2012); Nev. Rev. Stat.Ann. §445A.055(West 2011); Ohio Rev.Code Ann. §6109.20(West 2012); S.D. Codified Laws§34-24A-3 (2013); 902 Ky.Admin. Reg.s 115:010 (Section 1(1)2013). 49 Ark. Code Ann, §20-7-136 (2011); Conn. Gen. Stat. § 19a-38(2013); Ky. Rev. Stat.Ann. §211.190(Section 11) (West 2012); Neb. Rev. Stat.Ann. §71-3305(2012); Nev. Rev. Stat.Ann.§445A.055(West 2011); Ohio Rev.Code Ann. §6109.20 (West 2012); S.D. Codified Laws§34-24A-3(2013); 902 Ky.Admin. Reg,s 115:010(Section 1(1))2013). 60 Nev. Rev. Stat.Ann. §445A.055(West 2011). 51 S.D. Codified Laws§34-24A-3 (2013). 52 Cal. Health&Safety Code§ 116409(a) (West 2013); La. Rev. Stat.Ann.§40:5.11 (West 2012). 53 CDC (2013)cost savings, supra note 14. 54 As noted earlier, 3.9 percent of individuals whom CDCs counts as receiving fluoridated water receive water with natural fluoride levels at or above the level recommended by HHS. Since the 2020 goal of 80 percent is for"optimally fluoridated water,"the percentage of individuals receiving "optimally fluoridated water"in each state may be a bit lower than the rates given by the CDC. According to the CDC,the top 20 states have fluoridation rates of 84 percent or above, so they would probably meet or exceed the 2020 goal even if individuals receiving water with fluoride levels above the recommended level were excluded from the numerator. Texas's 2012 rate, however, is 79.6 percent, so it is possible that it has not yet met CDC's target rate for optimally fluoridated water. 55 Zernike, K. (2012, March 2). In New Jersey, a battle over a fluoridation bill, and the facts. New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/03/nyregion/in-new jersey-a-battle-over-fluoridation-and-the-facts html?pagewanted=all& r=0. 56 Pub. L. 93-523, 88 Stat. 1660. 57 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. (2013,July 23).Water: basic Information about regulated drinking water contaminants. Retrieved from EPA website ht_tp://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/basicinformation/fluoride.cfm. 58 Id. 59 Special Notice Exceedance of the SMCL for Fluoride.40 C.F.R. § 141.208 (2014). 60 National Research Council. (2006). Fluoride in drinking water: a scientific review of EPA's standards.Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. 61 Hydrofluorosilicic Acid in Drinking Water;TSCA Section 21 Petition; Reasons for Agency Response, 78 Fed. Reg. 155,48846(2013, August 12). 62 Id. Page 8 63 Main, D. (2013,August 16). EPA rejects petition to change fluoride source in US drinking water. Livescience. Retrieved from http://www.livescience.com/38952-epa-arsenic-petition-response.htmi. 64 U.S. Food and Drug Administration.(2015,April 1). Health claim notification for fluoridated water and reduced risk of dental caries. Retrieved from FDA website http://www fda gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/labelingnutrition/ucm073602.htm. 85 U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2011, September 6). Re: selection of fluoride for consideration for listing by the carcinogen identification committee. Retrieved from http://ilikemyteeth or.q/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/FDA-Letter-on-Fluoride-Sept-2011 pdf. 66 Id. 67 Id. 68 Fed. Reg., supra note 2. 69 CDC (1999), supra note 10. 70 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2015,April 27). HHS issues final recommendation for community water fluoridation. Retrieved from http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2015pres/04/20150427a.htmi. 71 Beltran-Aguilar, E. D., Barker, L., and Sohn,W. (2013,July 10). Total water intake: lack of association between daily temperature and children's water intake in the United States-1999-2004. Retrieved from CDC website http://www.cdc.gov/fluoridation/factsheets/totalwaterintake.htm. 72 Fed. Reg., supra note 2. 73 Duchon K., supra note 7. Page 9 Flouride Findings- Presented to Port Angeles City council on August 4t", 2015 by Rose Marschall citizen of Clallam County 162 S. Barr Rd., Port Angeles,Wa. 98362 360-808-2662 Lancet Neurology Journal--reclassifies Fluoride as a Developmental neurotoxin. Dr Phillippe Granjean, Harvard School of Public Health and Dr. Phiip Landrigan Icahn School of medicine. A meta-analysis of 27 cross-sectional studies of children exposed to fluoride in drinking water, mainly from China, suggests an average IQ decrement of about 7 points in children. The majority of these children had water fluoride levels of less than 4 milligrams per liter, which falls under the allowable level set by the US Environmental Protection Agency. "Fluoride seems to fit in with lead, mercury, and other poisons that cause chemical brain drain, Grandjean says "The effect of each toxicant may seem small, but the combined damage on a population scale can be serious, especially because the brain power of the next generation is crucial to all of us." Neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism, hyperactivity disorder, dyslexia and other cognitive impairments, affect millions of children worldwide, and some diagnoses seem to be increasing in frequency. Industrial chemicals that injure the developing brain are among known causes for this rise in prevalence. In 2006,we did a systematic review and identified five industrial chemicals as developmental neurotoxicants: lead, n'iethyl mercury(common in vaccines) plycholrinated biphenyl's, arsenic and toluene. Since 2006, epidemiological studies have documented six additional developmental neurotoxicants-manganese,fluoride, cholrpyrifos, dichorohenyltricholoethene, tetrachlorethylene, and the plybormninated diheyl ethers. We postulate that even more neurotoxins remain undiscovered. Following countries have stopped fluoridation: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany Greece, Iceland, Israel, Italy,Japan, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Scotland,Spain, Sweden, &Switzerland. I i i Page 1 of 7 CLEARTECH MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Fluorosilicic Acid Section 01 - Chemical And Product And Company Information Product Identifier .......................... Fluorosilicic Acid Product Use ................................. Water fluoridation and wood preservation. Supplier Name............................... ClearTech Industries Inc. 1500 Quebec Avenue Saskatoon SK S7K 1V3 Canada Prepared By..................................... ClearTech Industries Inc. Technical Department Phone: 1 (800)387-7503 24-Hour Emergency Phone............. 1 (800) 387-7503 CZ; a qo Section 02 - Composition /Information on Ingredients Hazardous Ingredients................... Hydrofluorosilicic acid 23-27% CAS Number................................... Hydrofluorosilicic acid 16961-83-4 Synonym (s).................................... Fluosilicic acid, hydrofluorosilicic acid, hydrofluosilicic acid, hexafluosilicic acid Page 2 of 7 CLEARTECH Section 03 - Hazard Identification Inhalation........................................Irritating to nose, throat, and respiratory system. May be corrosive to respiratory system with prolonged contact. Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing,wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting. Skin Contact/Absorption.............. May cause irritation, redness or swelling with contact. Eye Contact.................................... Contact may cause severe irritation,watering, redness and swelling. Ingestion........................................ May cause nausea,vomiting, abdominal pain and burns if ingested. Exposure Limits...........................ACGIH-TLV:2.5mg/m3 (as F) OSHA-PEL:2.5mg/m3 (as F) Section 04 - First Aid Measures Inhalation....................................... Remove victim to fresh air. Give artificial respiration only if breathing has stopped. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Seek medical attention if difficulties persist. Skin Contact/Absorption............. Remove contaminated clothing. Wash affected area with soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation occurs or persists. Eye Contact................................... Flush immediately with water for at least 20 minutes. Forcibly hold eyelids apart to ensure complete irrigation of eye tissue. Seek immediate medical attention Ingestion........................................ Do not induce vomiting. Give large amounts of water. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious or convulsing person. Seek immediate medical attention. Additional Information...................Beware of late onset pulmonary edema for up to 48 hours. Treat severe burns as per hydrofluoric acid exposure with a calcium gluconate jelly. Page 3 of 7 CLEARTECH Section 05 - Fire Fighting Conditions of Flammability............ Non-flammable Means of Extinction........................ Product does not burn. Where fire is involved, use any fire fighting agent appropriate for surrounding material; use water spray to cool fire-exposed surfaces. Flash Point................................... Not Applicable Auto-ignition Temperature............. Not Applicable Upper Flammable Limit .................Not Applicable Lower Flammable Limit.................. Not Applicable Hazardous Combustible Products...Corrosive fumes of hydrogen fluoride and silicon tetrafluoride will occur when decomposition occurs 105°C. Special Fire Fighting Procedures.... Wear NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing. Explosion Hazards........................ Not Available Section 06 - Accidental Release Measures Leak/Spill..................................... Wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Ventilate area. Stop or reduce leak if safe to do so. Prevent material from entering sewers and surface water. Dike spill area with sand or earth. Deactivating Materials................... Small spills can be neutralized with hydrated lime. Section 07 - Handling and Storage Handling Procedures..................... Use proper equipment for lifting and transporting all containers. Use sensible industrial hygiene and housekeeping practices. Wash thoroughly after handling. Avoid all situations that could lead to harmful exposure. Storage Requirements................... Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Keep container tightly closed, and away from incompatible materials. Do not store in glass or stoneware. Most metals are incompatible so avoid contact. Page 4 of 7 CLEARTECH Section 08 - Personal Protection and Exposure Controls Protective Equipment Eyes........................................... Chemical goggles, full-face shield, or a full-face respirator is to be worn at all times when product is handled. Contact lenses should not be worn;they may contribute to severe eye injury. Respiratory................................. A NIOSH approved cartridge respirator with full-face shield. Chemical cartridge should provide protection against acid fumes (hydrogen fluoride). For concentrations greater than 20ppm, a NIOSH approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full-face shield should be used. Gloves........................................ Impervious gloves of chemically resistant material (rubber or neoprene) should be worn at all times. Wash contaminated clothing and dry thoroughly before reuse. Clothing...................................... Body suits, aprons, and/or coveralls of chemical resistant material should be worn at all times. Wash contaminated clothing and dry thoroughly before reuse. Footwear..................................... Impervious boots of chemically resistant material should be worn at all times. Engineering Controls Ventilation Requirements............... Mechanical ventilation (dilution or local exhaust), process or personnel enclosure and control of process conditions should be provided. Supply sufficient replacement air to make up for air removed by exhaust systems. Other........................................... Emergency shower and eyewash should be in close proximity. Section 09 - Physical and Chemical Properties Physical State................................. Liquid Odor and Appearance.................... Colourless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent odour Odor Threshold............................... Not Available Specific Gravity(Water=l).............. 1.234 at 15.6°C and 24%concentration Vapor Pressure(mm Hg, 20C)......... 218 at 75`C Vapor Density(Air=1)..................... Not Available Evaporation Rate............................ Not Available Boiling Point.................................... 105`C Page 5 of 7 CLEARTECH Freeze/Melting Point....................... .15`C pH.................................................... Approximately 1.0 Water/Oil Distribution Coefficient.... Not Available Bulk Density................................... 10.29lbs/gal at 25%concentration %Volatiles by Volume.................... Not Available Solubility in Water.......................... Completely miscible. Molecular Formula.......................... H2SiF6 Molecular Weight............................ 144.08 Section 10 - Stability and Reactivity Stability.................................................Stable under normal conditions. Incompatibility...................................... Metals, glass, alkali, ceramics, and strong concentrated acids. Strong concentrated acids will cause the liberation of poisonous hydrogen fluoride. Hydrofluorosilicic acid will attack glass and ceramics. Metals will be corroded and liberate hydrogen gas. Hazardous Products of Decomposition..Stable at room temperature. Attacks glass and stoneware. Decomposes to form hydrogen fluoride and silicon tetrafluoride when heated. Heat is generated when product is added to water. Polymerization......................................Will not occur. Section 11 - Toxicological Information Irritancy.......................................... Product is corrosive. Sensitization...................................Not Available Chronic/Acute Effects................... Liquid or vapors can cause burns which may not be apparent for hours. Prolonged exposure can result in: bone changes;corrosive effect on mucous membranes; ulceration of nose, throat, and bronchial tubes; cough, shock, pulmonary edema, fluorosis, coma, and death. Synergistic Materials...................... Not Available Animal Toxicity Data...................... LDSO(oral,guinea pig): 200mg/kg Page 6 of 7 CLEARTECH Carcinogenicity.............................. IARC: Group 3 carcinogen (listed as** undefined **). Reproductive Toxicity.................... Not Available Teratogenicity................................ Not Available Mutagenicity...................................Not Available Section 12 - Ecological Information Fish Toxicity................................... Not Available Biodegradability.............................. Not Available Environmental Effects................... Not Available Section 13 - Disposal Consideration Waste Disposal............................... Dispose in accordance with all federal, provincial, and/or local regulations including the Canadian Environmental Protection Act. Section 14 - Transportation Information TDG Classification Class............................................ 8 Group.............................................. II PIN Number......................................UN 1778 Other............................................Secure containers (full and/or empty) with suitable hold down devises during shipment. Section 15 - Regulatory Information WHMIS Classification.......................E, D1 NOTE: THE PRODUCT LISTED ON THIS MSDS HAS BEEN CLASSIFIED IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE HAZARD CRITERIA OF THE CANADIAN CONTROLLED PRODUCTS REGULATIONS. THIS MSDS CONTAINS ALL INFORMATION REQUIRED BY THOSE REGULATIONS. NSF Certification.................................Product is certified under NSF/ANSI Standard 60 for fluoridation at a maximum dosage of 6mg/L. Page 7 of 7 CLEARTECH Section 16 - Other Information Preparation Date............................. February 8, 2011 Revision Date.......................................February 3, 2014 March 18, 2014 Note: The responsibility to provide a safe workplace remains with the user. The user should consider the health hazards and safety information contained herein as a guide and should take those precautions required in an individual operation to instruct employees and develop work practice procedures for a safe work environment. The information contained herein is, to the best of our knowledge and belief, accurate. However, since the conditions of handling and use are beyond our control, we make no guarantee of results, and assume no liability for damages incurred by the use of this material. It is the responsibility of the user to comply with all applicable laws and regulations. Attention: Receiver of the chemical goods I MSDS coordinator As part of our commitment to the Canadian Association of Chemical Distributors (CACD) Responsible Distribution°initiative, ClearTech Industries Inc. and its associated companies require, as a condition of sale, that you forward the attached Material Safety Data Sheet(s) to all affected employees, customers, and end-users. ClearTech will send any available supplementary handling, health, and safety information to you at your request. If you have any questions or concerns please call our customer service or technical service department. ClearTech Industries Inc. - Locations Corporate Head Office: 1500 Quebec Avenue, Saskatoon, SK, S71K 1 V7 Phone: 306-664-2522 Fax: 306-665-6216 www.ClearTech.ca Location Address Postal Code Phone Number Fax Number Richmond, B.C. 12431 Horseshoe Way WA 4X6 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 Port Coquitlam, 2023 Kingsway Ave V3C 1 S9 1 (800) 387-7503 1 (888) 281-8109 B.0 Calgary, AB. 5516E-401h St. S.E. T2C 2A1 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 Edmonton, AB. 11750 - 180`h Street T5S 1 N7 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 Saskatoon, SK. 2302 Hanselman Avenue S7L 5Z3 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 Regina, SK. 555 Henderson Drive S42 5X2 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 Winnipeg, MB. 340 Saulteaux Crescent R3J 3T2 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 Mississau a, ON. 7480 Bath Road L4T 1L2 1 800 387-7503 1 888 281-8109 24 Hour Emergency Number - All Locations — 1 (800) 387-7503 We have done a grave disservice to the youthful citizens of Port Angeles. Why are we locking the gate to the skate park, in the middle of summer, when the weather is so nice? What purpose has been served, other than further disenfranchising our youth with bureaucratic nonsense? spausa.org skate Park Association of the United States of America` Has found, from extensive research: 0 There are no significant data to support a wholesale recommendation to prohibit BMX and scooters at skateparks. • BMX will NOTsignificantly increase maintenance costs. • There is NO evidence that BMX Bikes cause anymore wear& tear than skateboarders, scooters or inline skaters. • Seventy-six percent of skate parks in the United States accept and encourage unrestricted schedules for bikers and skaters. * Do BMX bikes ruin<a Skate Park? -NO! The BMX riders are kids (Just like the skateboarders or inline skaters-) and should be treated as valued members of the community.Not as some lawbreaker that looks to rebel against authority. They should not be pointed at as "the cause"of a closure of the skate park. What did they do? These are arcane, belligerent and short-sighted laws that do not help our community. A BMX track is not the same as a skatepark. BMX tracks are used exclusively for racing, which is far less popular than ramp riding.Also, the dirt jumping aspect of BMX is completely different from skatepark riding. Dirt jumps have limited opportunities for tricks'compared to skatepark ramps, and require a great deal more maintenance. Most organizations, including the Tony Hawk`Foundation, fully embrace BMX usage in skateparks and encourage all communities and advocates to resolve any concerns they may face about these users directly and equitably. In fact, the League of American Bicyclists SUPPORTS skate parks allowing BMX to be used there. (see attached letter from Ken McLeod, Legal and Policy Specialist with the League of American Bicyclists). The city of Port Angeles and Clallarn County just received a BRONZE level designation, but to attain the higher, more desirable Silver and Gold Bicycle Friendly Community Status, we must let BMX use our skate park. A challenge within BMX is that older riders move on to other kinds of bicycles to meet their recreational needs and interests. In other words,BMX riders become mountain bikers or road riders. Their concerns shift towards issues of trail access and shared lanes, and away from the challenges of freestyle BMX riding. Skateboarders, by comparison,'continue to identify themselves as skateboarders well into middle-age, and when a skate park advocacy effort emerges in their community they will be inclined to actively support the effort. I i Ken McLeod <ken(t�bikeleagne.org> 10:38 AM (32 minutes ago) Hi Marolee, We support skateboard parks allowing BMX bikes to be used there. In our Bicycle Friendly Community application we ask communities whether their skate parks are bicycle-accessible in order to give points to communities that allow BMX bikes at skate parks. The Bronze Bicycle Friendly Community designation is for communities that have taken a few steps towards improving conditions for bicyclists, but have not addresses conditions for bicyclists comprehensively. Our hope is that by involving these communities in the program our feedback can help shape their policies and provide a basis for them to move up award levels within the program. In order to reach a Silver or Gold designation the community might need to address the availability of non-road bicycle facilities,such as skate parks, depending upon the other circumstances of their application. We absolutely support BMX bikes as a great way for people to enjoy biking and the physical activity benefits associated with biking. We encourage all communities to invest in facilities that allow people to saNy bike in the way that they prefer:We hope to work with the community to address the needs of all bic,clists and help them become a Silver or Gold Bicycle Friendly Community in the future. Best, Ken KEN MCLEOD,Legal&Policy Specialist KBIKELEAGUE.ORG(202-621-5447 THE LEAGUE OF AMERICAN BICYCLISTS WWW.BIKELEAGUE.ORG/BIKELAWS TWITTER I FACEBOOK I YOUTU13E We're leading the movement to build u bicyc"le.friendlyAmerica for everyone.Join us. THE LEAGUE OF AMERICAN BICYCLISTS 1612 K Street NW, Suite 308, Washington, DC 20006 VWVW.BIKELEAGUE.ORG Your support makes biking.better!Joinordonate today! Kari Martinez-Bailey From: Jennifer Veneklasen Sent: Tuesday, August 04, 2015 10:44 AM To: Kari Martinez-Bailey Subject: FW: No to Fluoride Importance: High Kari, I forwarded this email to Council. Please include it in the final packet per Judi's request. Thanks. Jennifer From: Judi Hangartner [mailto:judihangartner @wavecable.com] Sent: Monday, August 03, 2015 12:34 PM To: Jennifer Veneklasen Cc: 'Judi'; 'Edna Willadsen'; eloisekailin @gmail.com; Al Gustafson; Ann Mathewson; Bernie Short; Beth Loveridge; Bill & Rae Ussack; Burt Pierce; D. Bellamente; Damon &Julie Hatch; Darlene Shanfald; Diana Somerville; Dick French; Eloise Kailin; Flora Jckman; Forrest DeYoung; Gail Hinderer; Gerald & Diana Estberg; Harvey Kailin; Helen Alexander; J.T. Weider; Jess Grable; Jesse & Barb Wilson; Jim Bourget; Joleen & Paul Christopher; Juli & Bob Grattan; Juli Valentine; Kay Garrison; Keith & Fran Wollen; Len &Tea Beil; Leroy &Virginia Sproat; Linnea Anderson; Lou arna; Margie &Cory McCrown; Mary Chastain; Mary Meyer; Neville Aitkin; P.R. Hammel; Parmenter Family; Pat Flood; Patricia Graham; Paul Lamoroux; Peg Mannix; Peter; Phyllis Elliott; R. Kuth; Richard French; Richard T. Smith; Ron &Christy Casey; Ron Erikson; Sarah Tucker; Suzette Calleja; Tara Demers; Trish Barrett; Tyler Ahlgren; 'Alan'; Alan and Patsy; 'Alfredo'; 'Anne & Bob McGonigel'; 'Barbe McClung'; bcbooren @yahoo.com; 'Bea Springob'; 'Billie Henderson'; 'Carol Gautschi'; 'Carolyn Schlindwein'; 'catherine Jensen-Ray'; 'Cathy Prement'; 'Chantea Watson'; Charles L. Evskine; 'Cheryl Bear'; 'Cheryl Winterfield'; 'claricom'; 'Connie Beauvais'; 'Dave & Mary Hostvedt'; 'Deane & Diane Vector'; 'Deborah Harrison'; 'Debra'; Delores Darling; 'Diane'; 'Dianna Sarto'; Dionne King; Ellen Gage; 'Evan Brodow'; 'Frank Springob'; 'George Knepper'; 'Glynda Schaad'; 'Harvey Martin'; 'Helen Sears'; Janice Robinson; Jason Anderson; 'Jeannete Graff; 'Joan Haynes'; 'Joe Breskin'; Judi Hangartner; Judi Napionteh; Julie Nickerson; 'Kelly Dowell'; 'Kevin Peterson'; Kyle Wheeler; 'Laddie Lawings'; Lisa Hitt; 'Lois Perry'; 'Marko Markov'; 'Martin Quarto'; Mary E. Mason; 'Melvina and Jack Worman'; 'Michel Riven'; 'Molly Connelly'; 'Monica Quarto'; 'Nadine Snover'; 'Nadine Snover'; 'Nancy Froh'; 'Nancy Morris'; 'Noan Zeigler'; 'Pamela Payne'; 'Pat Flood'; 'Pearl'; 'Peter Ripley'; 'Phil Kennedy'; 'Priscilla Schloss'; Randall Sexton ; 'Richard Dances'; 'Rick Hangartner'; 'Robert Mithra'; 'Robert Simms'; 'Ron Erickson'; 'Ross Krump'; 'Selisha Nielson'; Shan Pak; Shawn West; 'Shelly Lesh'; 'Stephanie Gilmores'; Stephanie Mayson; 'Steve Gale'; 'Sue Forde'; Susan A. Lee; 'Susan Shottafer'; 'Susan Smith'; 'Terri Crockett'; Tom &Virginia Leinart; 'Trisha Plute'; Tyler Ahlegren; 'Yvette Sabin' Subject: No to Fluoride Importance: High Dear Jennifer please enter this into the public records . Paul Connett is a graduate of Cambridge University. He holds a Ph.D. in chemistry from Dartmouth College. After teaching chemistry and toxicology for 23 years at St. Lawrence University, Canton, NY, he retired from his full professorship. After this, he helped to found the Fluoride Action Network (FAN), became director of the American Environmental Health Studies Project (AEHSP). Dr. Connett wrote the book "The Zero Waste Solution" in 2013. He also assisted the city of Naples in pursuing its zero waste strategy. He also coauthored "The Case against Fluoride: How Hazardous Waste Ended Up in Our Drinking Water and the Bad Science and Powerful Politics That Keep It There " along with Dr. James Beck and Dr. H. Spedding Micklem in 2010. Please watch and make notes to all of the scientific evidence presented. i Video Published on Jul 31, 2015 Denver Water Board Forum on Water Fluoridation - Dr. Paul Connett July 29th, 2015 the Denver Water held a public forum and debate on the subject of water fluoridation. Speakers for and against spoke and presented evidence. This is the presentation given by Dr. Paul Connett, author of"The Case Against Fluoride," speaking in opposition. http://www.yes4cleanwater.org/denver water board forum on water fluoridation dr paul connett.php Comments: David Kennedy, DDS 15 minutes ago Bravo Paul for a cogent discussion of the fallacy of adding silicofluoride to the public drinking water. I especially liked your graph from the World Health Organization data showing other countries that do not fluoridate had equal or in some cases better oral health over the same period of time. There is little evidence this practice is beneficial and lot soy evidence or hair . . . yet it continues because that is a flawed policy. Thanks, Judi Hangartner Smart Awareness Dr. Eloise Yes4cleanwater k 2 i CITY COUNCIL MEETING Port Angeles, Washington July 7, 2015 CALL TO ORDER SPECIAL MEETING: Mayor Di Guilio called the special meeting of the Port Angeles City Council to order at 4:42 p.m. Members Present: Mayor Di Guilio, Deputy Mayor Downie, Councilmembers Bruch, Collins, Gase,Kidd and Whetham. Members Absent: None. Utility Advisory Committee Members Present: Rob Feller, Betsy Wharton, Councilmembers Gase, Bruch and Whetham. Utility Advisory Committee Members Absent: John LeClerk and Lynn Bedford. Staff Present: City Manager McKeen, Attorney Bloor, Clerk Veneklasen,K. Dubuc, C. Fulton, B. Olson, P. Lusk and N. West. SPECIAL MEETING: Craig Fulton, Director of Public Works and Utilities, spoke about the City's utility and water rate setting process, cost of service and Long Range Financial Policies. He talked about sustainable rate savings which include the AMI bond repurposing and sustained operational savings. Chief Financial Officer Byron Olson outlined the AMI bond repurposing and related funds. He said the first opportunity to payoff bonds early is November 1, 2020. Director Fulton outlined ways the AMI Bond can be used to fund projects. Council discussion followed. ADJOURNMENT: Mayor Di Guilio adjourned the special meeting at 5:49 p.m. CALL TO ORDER-REGULAR MEETING: Mayor Di Guilio called the regular meeting of the Port Angeles City Council to order at 6:00 p.m. ROLL CALL: Members Present: Mayor Di Guilio, Deputy Mayor Downie, Councilmembers Bruch, Collins, Gase,Kidd and Whetham. Members Absent: None. Staff Present: City Manager McKeen, Attorney Bloor,K. Martinez-Bailey, B. Olson, C. Fulton,N.West, B. Smith, K. Dubuc, and C. Delikat. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE: Mayor Di Guilio led the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag. 08/04/2015 E - 1 PORT ANGELES CITY COUNCIL MEETING—July 7, 2015 CEREMONIAL MATTERS,PROCLAMATIONS & EMPLOYEE RECOGNITIONS 1. Designation of Port Angeles as a Bicycle Friendly Community George Bergner, Director of Port Angeles Likes Bikes,presented the City with a sign from the Bicycle Advisory Committee designating Port Angeles as a Bicycle Friendly Community. Mr. Bergner thanked those involved in the designation process and introduced Public Works and Utilities Director Craig Fulton who thanked the community for their support. PUBLIC COMMENT: Cindy Hueth, Executive Director of Habitat for Humanity of Clallam County, spoke about the progress at the Maloney Heights supportive housing development site, and noted that Habitat has received much help from the community in order to finish the housing project and prepare for their dedication,which she noted Council will soon be receiving invitations to. Colleen Robinson, Community Outreach Director of Habitat for Humanity of Clallam County,invited the community to the upcoming Wine Festival at the Cedars at Dungeness, saying the proceeds of the event go to assist projects for Habitat for Humanity. Eloise Kailin spoke about the ineffectiveness of fluoridation. Dale Wilson asked Council to stop the fluoridation of city water. He asked that Council decide and not put the decision to an advisory vote. He also spoke in favor of allowing two opportunities to speak during City Council meetings. The Mayor closed the public comment period at 6:21 p.m. INFORMATION: 1. Update on Paradise Fire presented by Olympic National Park Sarah Creechbaum, Olympic National Park Superintendant,introduced a few members of the National Incident Management Organization (NIMO) Team,including Bill Hannenburg, Chris Erickson-Public Information Officer, and Todd Rankin-Acting Fire Management Officer. Mr. Rankin gave a brief PowerPoint presentation and discussed conditions that led to the fire and explained the difficulties crews have faced in containing the fire. LATE ITEMS TO BE PLACED ON THIS OR FUTURE AGENDAS as determined by City Manazer or Councilmember—Councilmember Kidd asked for an update on water usage and availability be added as item L 7. CONSENT AGENDA: At the request of Councilmember Bruch the Mayor pull the OlyCAP Loan Extension Agreement Amendment from the Consent Agenda. It was moved by Whetham and seconded by Gase to approve the Consent Agenda to include: 1. City Council Minutes:June 2, 2015 and June 16, 2015 2. Expenditure Approval List: 610612015 to 6/26/2015 for$5,221,174.10 3. Vehicle Purchase: 2 Used Police Sedans from University of Washington Police Motion carried 7-0. Page 2 of 5 08/04/2015 E - 2 PORT ANGELES CITY COUNCIL MEETING—July 7, 2015 Council discussion followed. It was moved by Collins and seconded by Downie to: Move the Olympic Community Action Programs (OlyCAP) Loan Extension Agreement Amendment to the July 21, 2015 meeting. Motion carried 7-0. RESOLUTIONS NOT REQUIRING PUBLIC HEARINGS: 1. Options for Public Comment Periods Manager McKeen provided a brief background on the resolution,noting staff included 5 options in the proposed Resolution, and that Council could decide on their own option or if they chose,modify one of the given options. Manager McKeen reminded Council that the quaisi judicial section of the Rules of Procedure were removed with the addition of the hearings examiner. Council discussion followed. RESOLUTION NO. 09-15 A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, amending Sections 7, 9, and 12 of the Council Rules of Procedure. It was moved by Gase and seconded by Downie to: Approve item 3, add to the agenda a second public comment period at regular meetings, directly before adjournment and include the three minute time limit per citizen with the Mayor's discretion for flexibility, along with the fifteen minute total with the Mayor's discretion for flexibility. Motion carried 7-0. OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: 1. Teamsters Local#589 Communications & Support Unit Contract Extension Human Resource Manager Abbigail Fountain brought forth the extension agreement and discussed terms in the contract as well as changes, adding that staff recommends Council approve the agreement. She noted that if the agreement is approved,it would mean five of the six contracts for 2015 have been settled. It was moved by Collins and seconded by Kidd to: Approve the terms of the Teamsters Communications and Support Unit Collective Bargaining Agreement extension and cost of living adjustment. Council discussion followed. Motion carried 7-0. FINANCE: 1. Light Pole Replacement Phase H,Project CL06-2012 Director Fulton gave a brief update on the project history and why the replacements were necessary. It was moved by Gase and seconded by Bruch to: Award and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract with Olympic Electric Company, Inc. of Port Angeles, Washington, for a total amount of$90,852.72,including sales tax, for the Light Pole Replacement Phase II,Project CL06-2012,base bid, and to make minor modifications to the agreement,if necessary. Council discussion followed. Motion carried 7-0. Page 3 of 5 08/04/2015 E - 3 PORT ANGELES CITY COUNCIL MEETING—July 7, 2015 CITY COUNCIL REPORTS: Councilmember Collins spoke about the 2015 Association of Washington Cities annual conference that he attended in Wenatchee,WA the previous week along with Deputy Mayor Downie, Councilmember Gase and Manager McKeen. He added that he will attend the Salmon Homecoming Ceremony hosted by the Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe. He thanked Councilmember Kidd for representing Port Angeles in Victoria, B.C., on Victoria Day. Councilmember Bruch stated that she would also be attending the Salmon Homecoming Ceremony and brought up the drought issue. She strongly urged Council to consider ways to reduce emissions and come up with long term plan to do this. Councilmember Kidd spoke about her time in Victoria, B.C., for Canada Day, saying she was warmly welcomed, adding that the trip was good for Port Angeles' relationship with Victoria. She also reported there was a great turnout for the Port Angeles 4t'of July parade. Deputy Mayor Downie spoke about his work with George Bergner and the Bicycle Friendly Community organization and mentioned several Canadian members spent Canada Day biking up to Hurricane Ridge. He also spoke positively about his time at the 2015 Association of Washington Cities conference. Councilmember Whetham informed Council about his time at the farmers market and congratulated the City on adding the second comment period. Councilmember Gase congratulated Councilmember Kidd for representing two different countries in such a short amount of time,referring to her trip to Japan as well as her time in Victoria.He spoke about his time at the 2015 AWC Annual Conference and said the carpool trip to Wenatchee strengthened his friendship with Deputy Mayor Downie. Mayor Di Guilio thanked the citizens for showing restraint on the days leading up to the 4"'of July, adding there were very few fireworks before the 4"'. He said he enjoyed his time at the farmers market and thanked Eloise Kailin for their discussion while he was there. No other reports were given. INFORMATION CONTINUED: Manager McKeen spoke about the reports included in the packet. Director West provided an update on what the City is doing to help downtown businesses during the construction downtown. A list was created of things that can be done to help businesses from a marketing aspect, and he encouraged Council to provide feedback during this challenge. Director Fulton spoke about the upcoming downtown bike event on Wednesday July 15"'. Director West reminded Council how important it is for the community to support all the businesses downtown, whether it is through shopping or going to restaurants. Director Delikat reported an additional$38 million was added to the State's recreation budget which funded the 2015 Local Parks Grant for the Civic Field Lighting Project. Director Fulton gave a water update as requested by Councilmember Kidd. He said the Public Works Department is reviewing stage 3 water conservation, adding there are currently no issues with the Ranney Well.He added that they will be gathering data for future planning and said it's a good opportunity to Page 4 of 5 08/04/2015 E - 4 PORT ANGELES CITY COUNCIL MEETING—July 7, 2015 gather data for future water plans. The Department is also looking to seek grants for funding for drought relief and mitigation of fish. SECOND PUBLIC COMMENT: Dale Wilson thanked Council for voting to add a second public comment. Stephanie Noblin reminded Council her videos could be found online and thanked the community for their support. EXECUTIVE SESSION: Attorney Bloor recommended the Council hold an executive session,under RCW 42.30.140(1)(i),to discuss potential litigation with legal counsel. He anticipated a 10 minute meeting with no action to follow. Mayor Di Guilio adjourned the meeting to Executive Session at 7:49 p.m. RETURN TO OPEN SESSION: The Executive Session concluded at 8:00 p.m.No action was taken. ADJOURNMENT: Mayor Di Guilio adjourned the meeting at 8:00 p.m. Dan Di Guilio,Mayor Kari Martinez-Bailey,Acting City Clerk Page 5 of 5 08/04/2015 E - 5 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * r From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CLALLAM CNTY TREASURER CVCA TO CLALLM CO TREAS 7 001-0000-229.40-00 239.65 Bret Hensley DEPOSIT REFUND 001-0000-239.10-00 50.00 Mike Mcbride DEPOSIT REFUND 001-0000-239.10-00 50.00 Wendy Schmidt REFUND OF PERMIT FEE 001-0000-239.90-00 100.00 PROGRESSIVE BUSINESS PUBLCTNS LIBRARY SERVICES(EXCL 908 001-0000-237.00-00 -8.40 LIBRARY SERVICES(EXCL 908 001-0000-237.00-00 -30.31 US BANK BUSINESS BANKING City Credit Card Pmt 001-0000-213.10-95 11,879.96 WA STATE DEPARTMENT OF REVENUE 2ND QUARTER LEASEHOLD TAX 001-0000-237.50-00 4,006.38 WA STATE PATROL BACKGROUND CHECKS-JUNE 001-0000-229.50-00 314.75 WASHINGTON STATE TREASURER BUILDING SURCHARGES 001-0000-229.10-00 94.50 DIST CT REV TO STATE TREA 001-0000-229.30-00 10,275.85 Division Total: $26,972.38 Department Total: $26,972.38 ADVANCED TRAVEL AWC Conference-Downie 001-1160-511.43-10 35.50 WAWC Conference-Gase 001-1160-511.43-10 74.10 AWC Conference-Collins 001-1160-511.43-10 246.88 Legislative Mayor& Council Division Total: $356.48 Legislative Department Total: $356.48 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-1210-513.42-10 2.11 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-1210-513.42-10 0.67 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-1210-513.42-10 2.81 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-1210-513.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-1210-513.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-1210-513.42-10 1.38 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-1210-513.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-1210-513.42-10 1.38 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-1210-513.42-10 14.42 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-1210-513.42-10 13.74 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-1210-513.42-10 56.68 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-1210-513.42-10 13.30 PORT ANGELES CITY TREASURER All Occasion Cards-K. B 001-1210-513.31-01 14.81 Key id tags batteries-K 001-1210-513.31-01 13.60 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-1210-513.42-10 112.13 City Manager City Manager Division Total: $251.17 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-1220-516.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-1220-516.42-10 0.28 08/04/2015 Pagel E - 6 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * r From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-1220-516.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-1220-516.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-1220-516.42-10 11.34 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-1220-516.42-10 7.93 PROGRESSIVE BUSINESS PUBLCTNS LIBRARY SERVICES(EXCL 908 001-1220-516.49-01 108.40 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-1220-516.42-10 112.13 City Manager Human Resources Division Total: $247.94 ADVANCED TRAVEL Clerks Institute-Venekl 001-1230-514.43-10 159.18 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.21 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-1230-514.42-10 0.07 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.14 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-1230-514.42-10 0.14 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-1230-514.42-10 1.44 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-1230-514.42-10 1.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-1230-514.42-10 5.67 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-1230-514.42-10 8.01 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-1230-514.42-10 112.13 City Manager City Clerk Division Total: $289.06 City Manager Department Total: $788.17 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-2010-514.42-10 4.39 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-2010-514.42-10 0.61 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-2010-514.42-10 2.02 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-2010-514.42-10 0.34 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-2010-514.42-10 0.47 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-2010-514.42-10 0.09 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-2010-514.42-10 0.94 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-2010-514.42-10 0.47 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-2010-514.42-10 10.09 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-2010-514.42-10 9.62 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-2010-514.42-10 39.58 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-2010-514.42-10 11.84 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC EMBOSSING/ENGRAVING 001-2010-514.31-01 14.24 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-2010-514.42-10 112.36 Finance Finance Administration Division Total: $207.06 ADVANCED TRAVEL Taxation Class-Agesson 001-2023-514.43-10 252.83 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-2023-514.42-10 1.90 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-2023-514.42-10 0.60 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-2023-514.42-10 2.53 08/04/2015 Page 2 E - 7 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * r From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-2023-514.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-2023-514.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-2023-514.42-10 1.24 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-2023-514.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-2023-514.42-10 1.24 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-2023-514.42-10 12.98 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-2023-514.42-10 12.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-2023-514.42-10 51.01 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-2023-514.42-10 10.27 WASHINGTON(AUDITOR),STATE OF FINANCIAL SERVICES 001-2023-514.41-50 21,297.96 Finance Accounting Division Total: $21,648.65 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-2025-514.42-10 2.74 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-2025-514.42-10 0.87 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-2025-514.42-10 3.66 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-2025-514.42-10 1.79 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-2025-514.42-10 1.79 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-2025-514.42-10 1.79 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-2025-514.42-10 1.79 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-2025-514.42-10 1.79 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-2025-514.42-10 18.75 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-2025-514.42-10 17.87 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-2025-514.42-10 73.68 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-2025-514.42-10 7.28 DATABAR INCORPORATED MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 001-2025-514.41-50 2,159.55 MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 001-2025-514.41-50 2,248.75 MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 001-2025-514.41-50 2,193.28 MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 001-2025-514.41-50 2,235.07 MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 001-2025-514.41-50 1,852.85 EQUIFAX FINANCIAL SERVICES 001-2025-514.41-50 80.04 LEXISNEXIS FINANCIAL SERVICES 001-2025-514.41-50 54.20 OLYMPIC PRINTERS INC PRINTING,SILK SCR,TYPSET 001-2025-514.31-01 85.64 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 001-2025-514.31-01 32.20 EMBOSSING/ENGRAVING 001-2025-514.31-01 14.24 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 001-2025-514.44-10 138.29 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC CLOTHING &APPAREL 001-2025-514.31-11 54.06 Finance Customer Service Division Total: $11,281.97 Finance Department Total: $33,137.68 AWC-ASSN OF WASHINGTON CITIES REG.CORRECT.OF CREDIT 001-3010-515.43-10 45.00 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-3010-515.42-10 1.26 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-3010-515.42-10 0.40 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-3010-515.42-10 1.69 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-3010-515.42-10 0.83 08/04/2015 Page 3 E - 8 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * r From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-3010-515.42-10 0.83 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-3010-515.42-10 0.83 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-3010-515.42-10 0.83 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-3010-515.42-10 0.83 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-3010-515.42-10 8.65 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-3010-515.42-10 8.25 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-3010-515.42-10 34.01 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-3010-515.42-10 8.22 THOMSON REUTERS-WEST WESTLAW RESEARCH 001-3010-515.31-01 375.92 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-3010-515.42-10 168.20 Attorney Attorney Office Division Total: $655.75 FRIENDSHIP DIVERSION SERVICES FRIENDSHIP DIVER.-JUNE 001-3012-598.51-23 324.00 Attorney Jail Contributions Division Total: $324.00 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 001-3021-515.42-10 0.84 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-3021-515.42-10 0.27 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-3021-515.42-10 1.13 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-3021-515.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-3021-515.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-3021-515.42-10 0.55 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-3021-515.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-3021-515.42-10 0.55 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-3021-515.42-10 5.77 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-3021-515.42-10 5.50 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-3021-515.42-10 22.67 CLALLAM CNTY DIST 1 COURT FILING FEES FOR JUNE 001-3021-515.50-90 9,295.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-3021-515.42-10 27.05 MYERS,STAN APPTD. INDIGENT DEFENSE 001-3021-515.41-50 2,755.00 PAYNE LAW FIRM, PS, INC APPOINT.INDIGENT DEFENSE 001-3021-515.41-50 725.00 THOMSON REUTERS-WEST WESTLAW RESEARCH 001-3021-515.31-01 375.92 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-3021-515.42-10 168.20 Attorney Prosecution Division Total: $13,385.10 Attorney Department Total: $14,364.85 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-4010-558.42-10 1.69 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-4010-558.42-10 0.53 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-4010-558.42-10 2.25 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-4010-558.42-10 1.10 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-4010-558.42-10 1.10 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-4010-558.42-10 1.10 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-4010-558.42-10 1.10 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-4010-558.42-10 1.10 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-4010-558.42-10 11.54 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-4010-558.42-10 11.00 08/04/2015 Page 4 E - 9 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-4010-558.42-10 45.34 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-4010-558.42-10 13.02 PORT ANGELES CITY TREASURER Chamber of Comm Lunch-N 001-4010-558.31-01 15.00 PABA meeting lunch meetin 001-4010-558.31-01 37.02 Chamber of Comm Lunch-N 001-4010-558.31-01 15.00 PABA meeting-N. West 001-4010-558.31-01 10.59 Planning Comm meeting-N 001-4010-558.31-01 17.12 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-4010-558.42-10 112.13 Community Development Planning Division Total: $297.73 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.55 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-4020-524.42-10 0.17 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.73 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.36 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.36 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.36 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.36 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-4020-524.42-10 0.36 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-4020-524.42-10 3.75 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-4020-524.42-10 3.57 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-4020-524.42-10 14.74 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-4020-524.42-10 1.37 PORT ANGELES CITY TREASURER Registration-J. Lierly 001-4020-524.43-10 75.00 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-15 A/C 264230412-00003 001-4020-524.42-10 267.07 Community Development Building Division Total: $368.75 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.08 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-4030-559.42-10 0.03 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.11 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.06 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.06 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.06 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.06 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.06 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.58 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-4030-559.42-10 0.55 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-4030-559.42-10 2.27 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-4030-559.42-10 7.68 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 001-4030-559.41-50 539.00 Community Development Code Compliance Division Total: $550.60 PROPERTIES BY LANDMARK PROPERTIES BY LANDMARK FA 001-4071-558.49-91 10,000.00 TOM WOOD CONCRETE, INC TOM WOOD FACADE GRANT 001-4071-558.49-91 10,000.00 Community Development Economic Development Division Total: $20,000.00 Community Development Department Total: $21,217.08 08/04/2015 Page 5 E - 10 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-5010-521.42-12 -66.96 Network Services 001-5010-521.42-12 66.95 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-5010-521.42-12 66.96 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-5010-521.42-10 3.37 06-20 A/C 206Z1 0001 7790B 001-5010-521.42-10 199.03 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-5010-521.42-10 1.07 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-5010-521.42-10 4.50 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-5010-521.42-10 2.21 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-5010-521.42-10 2.21 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-5010-521.42-10 2.21 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-5010-521.42-10 2.21 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-5010-521.42-10 2.21 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-5010-521.42-10 23.07 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-5010-521.42-10 21.99 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-5010-521.42-10 90.68 06-23 A/C 206TO31979835B 001-5010-521.42-10 64.75 06-23 A/C 206T411918873B 001-5010-521.42-10 57.46 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-5010-521.42-10 65.26 JIM'S PHARMACY INC SUPPLIES 001-5010-521.31-01 60.14 OLYMPIC PENINSULA HUMANE SOCIETY 2ND QTR 2015 DOG LICENSES 001-5010-322.30-11 285.00 2ND QTR 2015 CAT LICENSES 001-5010-322.30-12 8.00 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-5010-521.42-10 342.30 Police Police Administration Division Total: $1,304.62 OLYMPIC PENINSULA HUMANE SOCIETY 3RD QUARTER 001-5012-521.41-50 13,331.25 Police Intergovernmental Svcs Division Total: $13,331.25 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-5021-521.42-12 -202.03 Network Services 001-5021-521.42-12 202.03 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-5021-521.42-12 202.03 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 001-5021-521.42-10 2.11 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-5021-521.42-10 0.67 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-5021-521.42-10 2.81 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-5021-521.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-5021-521.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-5021-521.42-10 1.38 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-5021-521.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-5021-521.42-10 1.38 06-23 A/C206T310164584B 001-5021-521.42-10 14.42 06-23 A/C206T302306084B 001-5021-521.42-10 13.74 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-5021-521.42-10 56.68 CLALLAM CNTY SHERIFF'S DEPT CONTRACT 811-105-05 001-5021-521.49-90 2,700.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-5021-521.42-10 2.67 LINCOLN STREET STATION EXTERNAL LABOR 001-5021-521.42-10 53.17 08/04/2015 Page 6 E - 11 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount NASRO INC HUMAN SERVICES 001-5021-521.42-10 495.00 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC COMPUTERS,DP&WORD PROC. 001-5021-521.31-01 67.20 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-5021-521.42-10 989.82 Police Investigation Division Total: $4,607.22 BLUMENTHAL UNIFORMS&EQUIP CLOTHING &APPAREL 001-5022-521.20-80 467.42 CLOTHING &APPAREL 001-5022-521.31-11 911.37 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-5022-521.42-10 5.90 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-5022-521.42-10 1.88 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-5022-521.42-10 7.88 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-5022-521.42-10 3.36 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-5022-521.42-10 3.36 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-5022-521.42-10 3.86 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-5022-521.42-10 3.86 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-5022-521.42-10 3.36 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-5022-521.42-10 40.38 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-5022-521.42-10 38.48 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-5022-521.42-10 158.69 CLALLAM CNTY SHERIFF'S DEPT CONTRACT 811-105-05 001-5022-521.49-90 5,310.60 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-5022-521.42-10 24.91 LANGUAGE LINE SERVICES MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 001-5022-521.31-01 4.06 LAW ENFORCEMENT EQUIPMENT DIST POLICE EQUIPMENT&SUPPLY 001-5022-521.35-01 4,217.24 LINCOLN STREET STATION EXTERNAL LABOR 001-5022-521.42-10 35.88 OLYMPIC MEDICAL CENTER HEALTH RELATED SERVICES 001-5022-521.49-90 400.00 PORT ANGELES POLICE DEPARTMENT Bridge/Fuel 001-5022-521.43-10 21.00 Bridge Toll 001-5022-521.43-10 5.50 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-5022-521.42-10 4,844.13 WA STATE CRIMINAL JUSTICE HUMAN SERVICES 001-5022-521.42-10 100.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-5022-521.42-10 50.00 Police Patrol Division Total: $16,663.12 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-5026-521.42-10 214.80 Police Reserves& Volunteers Division Total: $214.80 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-5029-521.42-10 2.11 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-5029-521.42-10 0.67 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-5029-521.42-10 2.81 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-5029-521.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-5029-521.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-5029-521.42-10 1.38 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-5029-521.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-5029-521.42-10 1.38 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-5029-521.42-10 14.42 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-5029-521.42-10 13.74 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-5029-521.42-10 56.68 08/04/2015 Page 7 E - 12 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-5029-521.42-10 7.76 QUILL CORPORATION OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 001-5029-521.31-01 312.06 Police Records Division Total: $417.15 MASCO PETROLEUM, INC FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 001-5050-521.31-20 101.00 Police Facilities Maintenance Division Total: $101.00 Police Department Total: $36,639.16 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-6010-522.42-12 -334.80 Network Services 001-6010-522.42-12 334.80 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-6010-522.42-12 334.80 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-6010-522.42-10 2.95 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6010-522.42-10 0.94 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6010-522.42-10 3.94 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6010-522.42-10 1.93 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6010-522.42-10 1.93 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6010-522.42-10 1.93 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6010-522.42-10 1.93 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6010-522.42-10 1.93 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6010-522.42-10 20.19 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6010-522.42-10 19.24 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6010-522.42-10 79.35 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-6010-522.42-11 0.84 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6010-522.42-11 0.27 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6010-522.42-11 1.13 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6010-522.42-11 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6010-522.42-11 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6010-522.42-11 0.55 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6010-522.42-11 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6010-522.42-11 0.55 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6010-522.42-11 5.77 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6010-522.42-11 5.50 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6010-522.42-11 22.67 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-6010-522.42-10 4.21 Scan Charges 001-6010-522.42-11 1.70 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.31-01 17.65 PORT ANGELES CITY TREASURER Family Shirts-K. Debuc 001-6010-522.20-80 9.71 Family Shirts-K. Debuc 001-6010-522.20-80 9.71 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC SUPPLIES 001-6010-522.31-01 18.74 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-6010-522.42-10 112.19 Fire Fire Administration Division Total: $683.90 ADVANCED TRAVEL Fire Training-Mason 001-6020-522.43-10 1,951.95 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-6020-522.42-10 2.74 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6020-522.42-10 0.87 08/04/2015 Page 8 E - 13 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6020-522.42-10 3.66 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6020-522.42-10 1.79 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6020-522.42-10 1.79 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6020-522.42-10 1.79 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6020-522.42-10 1.79 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6020-522.42-10 1.79 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6020-522.42-10 18.75 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6020-522.42-10 17.87 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6020-522.42-10 73.68 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-6020-522.42-10 0.32 RICHMOND 2-WAY RADIO RADIO&TELECOMMUNICATION 001-6020-522.31-14 4,973.39 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-15 a/c 442043914-00001 001-6020-522.42-10 81.08 Fire Fire Suppression Division Total: $7,133.26 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.21 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6021-522.42-10 0.07 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.14 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6021-522.42-10 0.14 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6021-522.42-10 1.44 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6021-522.42-10 1.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6021-522.42-10 5.67 Fire Fire Volunteers Division Total: $9.74 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6030-522.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6030-522.42-10 0.28 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6030-522.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6030-522.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6030-522.42-10 11.34 Fire Fire Prevention Division Total: $19.48 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6040-522.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.28 08/04/2015 Page 9 E - 14 a Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6040-522.42-10 0.28 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6040-522.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6040-522.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6040-522.42-10 11.34 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-6040-522.42-10 0.65 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-15 a/c 442043914-00001 001-6040-522.42-10 56.24 Fire Fire Training Division Total: $76.37 MRS CLEAN BUILDING MAINT&REPAIR SER 001-6050-522.41-50 425.00 OLYMPIC PARTY&CUSTODIAL SUPPLIE:SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-01 19.15 SUPPLIES 001-6050-522.31-01 132.99 Fire Facilities Maintenance Division Total: $577.14 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-6060-525.42-10 1.90 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-6060-525.42-10 0.60 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-6060-525.42-10 2.53 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-6060-525.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-6060-525.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-6060-525.42-10 1.24 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-6060-525.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-6060-525.42-10 1.24 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-6060-525.42-10 12.98 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-6060-525.42-10 12.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-6060-525.42-10 51.01 Fire Emergency Management Division Total: $87.59 Fire Department Total: $8,587.48 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-7010-532.42-12 -108.40 Network Services 001-7010-532.42-12 108.40 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-7010-532.42-12 108.40 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-7010-532.42-10 6.53 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-7010-532.42-10 2.08 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-7010-532.42-10 8.72 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-7010-532.42-10 3.50 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-7010-532.42-10 3.50 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-7010-532.42-10 4.27 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-7010-532.42-10 4.27 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-7010-532.42-10 3.50 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-7010-532.42-10 44.71 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-7010-532.42-10 42.60 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-7010-532.42-10 175.69 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-7010-532.42-10 62.84 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR RADIO&TELECOMMUNICATION 001-7010-532.31-01 349.04 08/04/2015 Page 10 E - 15 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount PROGRESSIVE BUSINESS PUBLCTNS LIBRARY SERVICES(EXCL 908 001-7010-532.49-01 391.11 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-7010-532.42-10 224.26 06-28 a/c 271138138-00002 001-7010-532.42-10 37.58 Public Works& Utilities Public Works Admin. Division Total: $1,472.60 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-7032-532.41-50 -2,365.26 Network Services 001-7032-532.41-50 2,365.26 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-7032-532.41-50 2,365.26 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-7032-532.42-12 -5,282.05 Network Services 001-7032-532.42-12 5,282.05 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-7032-532.42-12 5,282.05 WAVE BROADBAND ELECTRICAL CABLES&WIRES 001-7032-532.48-10 216.80 Public Works& Utilities Telecommunications Division Total: $7,864.11 Public Works& Utilities Department Total: $9,336.71 ADVANCED TRAVEL WRPA Conference-Delikat 001-8010-574.43-10 538.83 ASM SIGNS FLAGS,POLES,BANNERS,ACCES 001-8010-574.41-50 1,029.80 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.63 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8010-574.42-10 0.20 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.84 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.41 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8010-574.42-10 0.41 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-8010-574.42-10 4.33 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-8010-574.42-10 4.12 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8010-574.42-10 17.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-8010-574.42-10 2.91 INSIGHT PUBLIC SECTOR COMPUTER HARDWARE&PERI PHI 001-8010-574.31-01 305.68 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 001-8010-574.31-01 167.02 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC SUPPLIES 001-8010-574.31-80 1,170.72 PEN PRINT INC PRINTING,SILK SCR,TYPSET 001-8010-574.31-01 30.35 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 A/C 571136182-00005 001-8010-574.42-10 19.11 CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 001-8010-574.42-10 112.13 WA WILDLIFE& RECREATION COALITIOPMEMBERSHIPS 001-8010-574.49-01 125.00 Parks&Recreation Parks Administration Division Total: $3,530.72 CENTURYLINK 06-20 A/C 206T217227465B 001-8012-555.42-10 57.46 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.63 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8012-555.42-10 0.20 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.84 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.41 08/04/2015 Page 11 E - 16 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8012-555.42-10 0.41 07-02 A/C 36041 71 94241 3B 001-8012-555.42-10 44.77 07-05 A/C 3604529861819B 001-8012-555.42-10 48.98 07-02 A/C 3604170786905B 001-8012-555.42-10 37.19 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-8012-555.42-10 4.33 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-8012-555.42-10 4.12 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8012-555.42-10 17.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-8012-555.42-10 1.13 Parks&Recreation Senior Center Division Total: $218.70 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-8050-536.42-12 -202.03 Network Services 001-8050-536.42-12 202.03 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-8050-536.42-12 202.03 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8050-536.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8050-536.42-10 0.28 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-8050-536.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-8050-536.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8050-536.42-10 11.34 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-8050-536.42-10 2.02 HEPBURN SUPERIOR HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 432.17 QUARRY,THE PORT ANGELES, LLC NURSERY STOCK&SUPPLIES 001-8050-536.31-20 386.07 NURSERY STOCK&SUPPLIES 001-8050-536.31-20 292.68 NURSERY STOCK&SUPPLIES 001-8050-536.31-20 214.63 NURSERY STOCK&SUPPLIES 001-8050-536.31-20 66.56 QUIRING MONUMENTS INC HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 309.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 488.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 666.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 105.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 105.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 603.00 HUMAN SERVICES 001-8050-536.34-01 317.00 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 001-8050-536.44-10 230.64 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 A/C 571136182-00005 001-8050-536.42-10 53.92 Parks&Recreation Ocean View Cemetery Division Total: $4,493.20 AIRPORT GARDEN CENTER ROADSIDE,GRNDS,REC, PARK 001-8080-576.31-20 215.32 NURSERY STOCK&SUPPLIES 001-8080-576.31-40 220.78 08/04/2015 Page 12 E - 17 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount ANGELES CONCRETE PRODUCTS MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 001-8080-576.31-20 408.67 MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 001-8080-576.31-20 398.92 MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 001-8080-576.31-20 500.00 ANGELES MILLWORK&LUMBER CO LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 001-8080-576.31-20 106.04 HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 001-8080-576.31-20 7.33 PAINTS,COATI N GS,WALLPAPER 001-8080-576.31-20 138.90 LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 001-8080-576.31-20 844.45 BRUSHES(NOT CLASSIFIED) 001-8080-576.31-20 15.04 PAINTS,COATI N GS,WALLPAPER 001-8080-576.31-20 98.31 LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 001-8080-576.31-20 11.23 LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 001-8080-576.31-20 97.68 LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 001-8080-576.31-20 21.81 LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 001-8080-576.31-20 303.98 PAINTS,COATI N GS,WALLPAPER 001-8080-576.31-20 8.54 BAILEY SIGNS&GRAPHICS MARKERS, PLAQUES,SIGNS 001-8080-576.31-20 785.90 MARKERS, PLAQUES,SIGNS 001-8080-576.31-20 162.60 BAXTER AUTO PARTS#15 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 001-8080-576.31-01 22.23 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-8080-576.42-12 -305.92 Network Services 001-8080-576.42-12 305.92 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 001-8080-576.42-12 305.92 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-8080-576.42-10 2.11 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8080-576.42-10 0.67 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8080-576.42-10 2.81 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8080-576.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8080-576.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8080-576.42-10 1.38 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8080-576.42-10 1.38 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8080-576.42-10 1.38 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-8080-576.42-10 14.42 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-8080-576.42-10 13.74 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8080-576.42-10 56.68 LAWN EQUIPMENT SUPPLY LAWN MAINTENANCE EQUIP 001-8080-576.31-01 75.42 Freight 001-8080-576.31-01 5.48 OLYMPIC LAUNDRY&DRY CLEANERS RAGS,SHOP TOWELS,WIPING 001-8080-576.31-01 18.21 PAINT&CARPET BARN,THE PAINTS,COATI N GS,WALLPAPER 001-8080-576.31-20 55.29 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 001-8080-576.31-20 21.55 NURSERY STOCK&SUPPLIES 001-8080-576.31-20 41.52 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 001-8080-576.31-20 54.17 BRUSHES(NOT CLASSIFIED) 001-8080-576.31-20 13.68 SPORTING &ATHLETIC EQUIP 001-8080-576.31-20 314.36 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 a/c 571136182-00003 001-8080-576.42-10 151.01 Parks&Recreation Parks Facilities Division Total: $5,521.67 08/04/2015 Page 13 E - 18 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount Parks&Recreation Department Total: $13,764.29 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 001-8112-555.31-20 62.44 JIM'S REFRIGERATION SERVICE REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT 001-8112-555.48-10 99.73 Facilities Maintenance Senior Center Facilities Division Total: $162.17 ANGELES MILLWORK&LUMBER CO HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 001-8131-518.31-20 690.62 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 001-8131-518.31-20 188.78 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 001-8131-518.31-20 6.83 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 001-8131-518.31-20 71.54 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8131-518.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8131-518.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523954268B 001-8131-518.42-10 94.21 07-02 A/C 3604175328784B 001-8131-518.42-10 44.77 06-23 A/C206T310164584B 001-8131-518.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C206T302306084B 001-8131-518.42-10 2.74 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8131-518.42-10 11.34 KNIGHT FIRE PROTECTION INC LAWN MAINTENANCE EQUIP 001-8131-518.31-20 47.70 MASCO PETROLEUM, INC FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 001-8131-518.31-20 100.99 NAPA AUTO PARTS AIR CONDITIONING & HEATNG 001-8131-518.31-20 30.34 SUNSET DO-IT BEST HARDWARE SUPPLIES 001-8131-518.31-20 96.29 PLUMBING EQUIP FIXT,SUPP 001-8131-518.31-20 36.14 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC TAPE(NOT DP,SOUND,VIDEO) 001-8131-518.31-01 10.63 JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 001-8131-518.31-20 17.22 THURMAN SUPPLY PLUMBING EQUIP FIXT,SUPP 001-8131-518.31-20 70.84 PLUMBING EQUIP FIXT,SUPP 001-8131-518.31-20 16.16 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 A/C 571136182-00005 001-8131-518.42-10 38.22 Facilities Maintenance Central Svcs Facilities Division Total: $1,580.76 Facilities Maintenance Department Total: $1,742.93 AT&T BUSINESS SERVICE A/C 994753890 001-8221-574.42-10 12.44 BILL'S PLUMBING&HEATING INC RENTAL/LEASE EQUIPMENT 001-8221-574.41-50 85.00 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8221-574.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.28 08/04/2015 Page 14 E - 19 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8221-574.42-10 0.28 06-23 A/C206T310164584B 001-8221-574.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C206T302306084B 001-8221-574.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8221-574.42-10 11.34 CHAPMAN JR, HOWARD E PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 22.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-8221-574.42-10 1.35 DUCE,THOMAS W. PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 704.00 PIMENTEL, HENRY PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 110.00 RAMSEY,SCOTT PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 242.00 ROONEY, RANDY L PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 748.00 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC SPORTING &ATHLETIC EQUIP 001-8221-574.31-01 -78.05 SPORTING &ATHLETIC EQUIP 001-8221-574.31-01 -156.10 SPORTING &ATHLETIC EQUIP 001-8221-574.31-01 325.46 THAYER,JEFFREY PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 264.00 THOMAS, GREGORY PAYMENT FOR UMPIRING SOFT 001-8221-574.41-50 308.00 Recreation Activities Sports Programs Division Total: $2,607.58 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.21 06-23 A/C 79513296 001-8224-574.42-10 0.07 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.14 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.14 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 001-8224-574.42-10 0.14 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 001-8224-574.42-10 1.44 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 001-8224-574.42-10 1.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 001-8224-574.42-10 5.67 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 001-8224-574.42-10 0.65 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 A/C 571136182-00005 001-8224-574.42-10 19.11 Recreation Activities Youth/Family Programs Division Total: $29.50 Recreation Activities Department Total: $2,637.08 General Fund Fund Total: $169,544.29 JUAN DE FUCA FOUNDATION CONSULTING SERVICES 101-1430-557.41-50 14,000.00 PORT ANGELES MARATHON ASSOCIAT PORT ANGELES MARATHON 101-1430-557.41-50 10,000.00 PORT ANGELES CHAMBER OF COMM CONSULTING SERVICES 101-1430-557.41-50 16,442.50 Lodging Excise Tax Lodging Excise Tax Division Total: $40,442.50 Lodging Excise Tax Department Total: $40,442.50 Lodging Excise Tax Fund Fund Total: $40,442.50 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 102-7230-542.42-12 -117.16 Network Services 102-7230-542.42-12 117.17 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 102-7230-542.42-12 117.16 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 102-7230-542.42-10 1.05 08/04/2015 Page 15 E - 20 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-23 A/C 79513296 102-7230-542.42-10 0.34 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 102-7230-542.42-10 1.41 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 102-7230-542.42-10 0.69 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 102-7230-542.42-10 0.69 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 102-7230-542.42-10 0.69 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 102-7230-542.42-10 0.69 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 102-7230-542.42-10 0.69 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 102-7230-542.42-10 7.21 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 102-7230-542.42-10 6.87 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 102-7230-542.42-10 28.34 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 102-7230-542.42-10 1.54 HOLCOMB&COMPANY, D ROAD/HWY MAT NONASPHALTIC 102-7230-542.31-20 310.20 LAKESIDE INDUSTRIES INC ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 102-7230-542.31-20 -333.87 ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 102-7230-542.31-20 333.87 ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 102-7230-542.31-20 265.93 ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 102-7230-542.31-20 621.08 ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 102-7230-542.31-20 106.23 PUGET SAFETY EQUIPMENT INC FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 102-7230-542.31-01 364.11 SUNSET DO-IT BEST HARDWARE HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 102-7230-542.31-01 72.74 PAINTS,COATI N GS,WALLPAPER 102-7230-542.31-01 23.36 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 102-7230-542.31-01 32.85 SUPPLYWORKS JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 102-7230-542.31-01 104.23 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 102-7230-542.31-25 16.22 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 102-7230-542.42-10 112.13 06-22 a/c 571136182-00003 102-7230-542.42-10 102.31 Public Works-Street Street Division Total: $2,298.77 Public Works-Street Department Total: $2,298.77 Street Fund Fund Total: $2,298.77 CONVEX CORPORATION EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 107-0000-237.00-00 -265.78 Division Total: -$265.78 Department Total: -$265.78 ADVANCED TRAVEL UPS Switch over-Craig 107-5160-528.43-10 26.00 APCO Conference- Brooks 107-5160-528.43-11 772.96 APCO Conference- Rife 107-5160-528.43-11 828.18 EMD Training-Conway 107-5160-528.43-11 595.17 Telecom municator 1-Conway 107-5160-528.43-11 1,241.70 BUSINESS TELECOM PRODUCTS, INC EXTERNAL LABOR 107-5160-528.31-14 9.76 EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 107-5160-528.31-14 324.87 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 107-5160-528.42-10 5.69 06-23 A/C 79513296 107-5160-528.42-10 1.81 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 107-5160-528.42-10 7.60 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 107-5160-528.42-10 3.22 08/04/2015 Page 16 E - 21 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 107-5160-528.42-10 3.22 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 107-5160-528.42-10 3.72 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 107-5160-528.42-10 3.72 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 107-5160-528.42-10 3.22 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 107-5160-528.42-10 38.94 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 107-5160-528.42-10 37.11 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 107-5160-528.42-10 153.02 07-02 A/C 360ZO20380301 B 107-5160-528.42-11 1,119.77 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 107-5160-528.42-10 58.14 CONVEX CORPORATION EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 107-5160-528.48-10 3,429.78 INTRADO SYSTEMS CORP RADIO&TELECOMMUNICATION 107-5160-594.65-10 24,390.00 LANGUAGE LINE SERVICES MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 107-5160-528.42-10 45.45 PORT ANGELES POLICE DEPARTMENT Shelf Bracket 107-5160-528.31-01 17.35 RICHMOND 2-WAY RADIO EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 107-5160-528.48-10 1,973.57 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 107-5160-528.42-10 336.39 Pencom Pencom Division Total: $35,430.36 Pencom Department Total: $35,430.36 Pencom Fund Fund Total: $35,164.58 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 156-8630-575.42-12 -202.03 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 156-8630-575.42-12 202.03 CENTURYLINK 06-23 A/C 2067418577331 B 156-8630-575.42-10 57.46 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.63 06-23 A/C 79513296 156-8630-575.42-10 0.20 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.84 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.41 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 156-8630-575.42-10 0.41 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 156-8630-575.42-10 4.33 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 156-8630-575.42-10 4.12 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 156-8630-575.42-10 17.00 ELLIOTT,JESSICA MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 156-8630-575.41-50 1,000.00 PLEIN AIR MAGAZINE COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 156-8630-575.44-10 150.00 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 A/C 571136182-00005 156-8630-575.42-10 19.62 WHITE, KAREN L. MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 156-8630-575.41-50 150.00 Esther Webster/Fine Arts Esther Webster/Fine Arts Division Total: $1,406.25 Esther Webster/Fine Arts Department Total: $1,406.25 Fine Arts Center Fund Total: $1,406.25 OLYMPIC PENINSULA CONSTRUCTION, ItRelease Retainage 310-0000-223.40-00 786.95 Division Total: $786.95 Department Total: $786.95 08/04/2015 Page 17 E - 22 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 310-7930-595.65-10 59.80 DAILY JOURNAL OF COMMERCE COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 310-7930-595.65-10 336.60 EXELTECH CONSULTING INC CONSULTING SERVICES 310-7930-595.65-10 8,747.95 Capital Projects-Pub Wks GF-Street Projects Division Total: $9,144.35 Capital Projects-Pub Wks Department Total: $9,144.35 Capital Improvement Fund Total: $9,931.30 CARLSON SALES METERING SOLUTIONS ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 3,069.89 DEPT OF FISH&WILDLIFE PAYMENT TO GO TO THE PORT 401-0000-245.10-01 547.50 GENERAL PACIFIC INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.44-00 16,372.78 HD SUPPLY POWER SOLUTIONS, LTD FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-0000-141.41-00 127.68 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 242.80 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 330.23 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 1,807.04 FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 401-0000-141.41-00 218.53 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 3,035.01 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 6,323.37 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-0000-141.41-00 788.24 CLALLAM COUNTY VETERANS RELIEF REFUND OF PLEDGED FUNDS F 401-0000-245.10-01 250.00 MANNA OSBORN DEPOSIT REFUND. - 401-0000-245.10-01 100.00 ST VINCENT DE PAUL LOUCHAN DEPOSIT REFUND- 401-0000-245.10-01 75.00 ACE MICHAELS INC FINAL REFUND-1105 DUNKER 401-0000-122.10-99 46.34 ASHE,SOLANA R FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 2.01 BAKER, RICHARD KEVIN FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 11.80 BALIBAN, DANIEL S FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 99.03 BECK, KAREN FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 20.35 BOTNEN,JACOB OVERPAYMENT-1327 W 6TH ST 401-0000-122.10-99 0.50 BROOKS,STANTON FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 273.94 BRUNTZ,JOANNE K FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 111.63 BULSO, LINDSAY FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 50.40 CHAD, PAK FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 5.47 CHIPPER,WILLIAM D UTILITY DEPOSIT REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 250.00 DAVY, DEREK E FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 54.82 DEJA, PATRICK W FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 57.48 DOVE, KYLEY FAYE FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 63.43 ELLIOTT, BRENDA FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 10.22 FIRST FEDERAL ASSET RECOVERY FINAL REFUND-1505 W 16TH 401-0000-122.10-99 159.29 FINAL REFUND-1505 W16TH B 401-0000-122.10-99 46.67 HELKEY, MATTHEW W OVERPAYMENT-914 E ST 401-0000-122.10-99 108.15 HJICHRISTODOULOU, NIKIPHOROS FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 106.29 KALLAND,ABIGAIL L FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 63.60 LOCKE,JOHN A FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 6.68 MARTYN, DUSTIN F FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 45.12 08/04/2015 Page 18 E - 23 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount MAXWELL,SANDRA K FINAL BILL REFUND-906 401-0000-122.10-99 0.01 FINAL BILL REFUND-906 1/2 401-0000-122.10-99 4.90 MCELWEE,ADAM FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 65.63 PAULSON,JEREMY R FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 165.40 REED,WILLIAM F FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 119.93 REMAX/EVERGREEN OVERPAYMENT-1338 1/2 W 15 401-0000-122.10-99 23.98 ROBERTSON,JESSIE M FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 24.60 SCHNEIDER,JESSICA FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 30.12 SHAY, MARILYN K FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 9.23 SONNABEND,JON E FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 41.40 SPROULL, MEGAN D FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 15.13 TRENERRY, MADISON J FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 56.84 UGHETTI, SUSANA FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 31.71 WING LAM, HO FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 100.68 WOESTE,VIRGINIA H FINAL BILL REFUND 401-0000-122.10-99 15.79 YOUNG, DANIEL J OVERPAYMENT-420 W 2ND #3 401-0000-122.10-99 72.79 RODOCKER, PAXTON Reissue Ck#142846 401-0000-122.22-00 130.00 Division Total: $35,789.43 Department Total: $35,789.43 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 401-7111-533.42-12 -100.44 Network Services 401-7111-533.42-12 100.44 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 401-7111-533.42-12 100.44 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.63 06-23 A/C 79513296 401-7111-533.42-10 0.20 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.84 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.41 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 401-7111-533.42-10 0.41 06-23 A/C206T310164584B 401-7111-533.42-10 4.33 06-23 A/C206T302306084B 401-7111-533.42-10 4.12 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 401-7111-533.42-10 17.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 401-7111-533.42-10 0.89 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 401-7111-533.31-01 13.82 Public Works-Electric Engineering-Electric Division Total: $144.32 ADVANCED TRAVEL WPAG-Lusk 401-7120-533.43-10 105.35 WAPEG Meeting-King 401-7120-533.43-10 106.35 BONNEVILLE POWER ADMIN ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7120-533.33-10 1,325,364.00 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 401-7120-533.42-12 -100.44 Network Services 401-7120-533.42-12 100.44 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 401-7120-533.42-12 100.44 08/04/2015 Page 19 E - 24 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.63 06-23 A/C 79513296 401-7120-533.42-10 0.20 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.84 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.41 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.41 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 401-7120-533.42-10 0.41 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 401-7120-533.42-10 4.33 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 401-7120-533.42-10 4.12 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 401-7120-533.42-10 17.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 401-7120-533.42-10 10.84 ANNETTE WARREN RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 475.20 Abram&Mallory Heller CITY REBATE 401-7120-533.49-86 1,801.08 BRIAN&JOANNE PETTYJOHN RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 787.20 BURTON B. PIERCE RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 556.38 CHARLOTTE METZLER RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 1,030.05 DENIS&SIBYLLE SCHRIENER RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 251.70 JOHN WARDER RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 2,251.80 MATT&CHERYL DUCHOW RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 2,918.70 ROB EPSTEIN RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 3,122.82 ROBERT EASH RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 3,783.24 ROBERTVREELAND RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 938.10 STEVE&ELLEN PHILIPS RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 1,422.36 SERENITY HOUSE RENEWABLE ENERGY ANNUAL 1 401-7120-533.49-86 3,480.30 Public Works-Electric Power Systems Division Total: $1,348,535.08 ADVANCED TRAVEL Class-Drake 401-7180-533.43-10 520.35 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 401-7180-533.42-12 -2,385.35 Network Services 401-7180-533.42-12 2,385.35 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 401-7180-533.42-12 2,385.35 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 44.61 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 401-7180-533.42-10 5.05 06-23 A/C 79513296 401-7180-533.42-10 1.61 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 401-7180-533.42-10 6.75 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 401-7180-533.42-10 3.31 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 401-7180-533.42-10 3.31 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 401-7180-533.42-10 3.31 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 401-7180-533.42-10 3.31 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 401-7180-533.42-10 3.31 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 401-7180-533.42-10 34.61 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 401-7180-533.42-10 32.98 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 401-7180-533.42-10 136.02 08/04/2015 Page 20 E - 25 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-02 a/c 3604178095336B 401-7180-533.42-10 48.03 07-02 a/c 3604170591196B 401-7180-533.42-10 44.77 07-02 a/c 206ZO20411942B 401-7180-533.42-10 96.51 07-05 A/C 3604529541353B 401-7180-533.42-10 45.72 CERTIFIED HEARING INC PROSTHETIC,HEARING AID ET 401-7180-533.48-10 90.00 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 401-7180-533.42-10 12.62 DESIGNER DECAL, INC DECALS AND STAMPS 401-7180-533.48-10 385.72 FIRE CHIEF EQUIPMENT CO, INC EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 401-7180-533.48-10 227.64 GRAINGER FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 401-7180-533.31-01 309.16 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 46.31 MATERIAL HNDLING&STOR EQP 401-7180-533.35-01 376.16 HD SUPPLY POWER SOLUTIONS, LTD ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 189.48 GREGORY BONDY SERVICE POLE REFUND 401-7180-379.00-00 267.67 Jim Shay SAFETY GLASSES 401-7180-533.31-01 200.00 OLYMPIC LAUNDRY&DRY CLEANERS LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 401-7180-533.41-50 86.60 LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 401-7180-533.41-50 86.60 LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 401-7180-533.41-50 86.60 PUD#1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 401-7180-533.41-50 72.55 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.45-30 42.18 QUILL CORPORATION OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 10.72 OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 166.51 OFFICE SUPPLIES, GENERAL 401-7180-533.31-01 5.84 SECURITY SERVICES NW, INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 401-7180-533.41-50 650.00 SUNSET DO-IT BEST HARDWARE ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 6.89 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.35-01 165.84 THURMAN SUPPLY ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 401-7180-533.34-02 21.98 TYNDALE COMPANY FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 -81.79 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 -73.12 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 86.12 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 -73.11 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 -81.79 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 73.12 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 72.03 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 59.08 Uniforms 401-7180-533.31-01 -79.62 Uniforms 401-7180-533.31-01 83.96 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 142.98 FIRE PROTECTION EQUIP/SUP 401-7180-533.31-01 -72.03 UTILITIES UNDERGROUND LOC CTR MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 401-7180-533.49-90 36.19 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 401-7180-533.42-10 112.13 06-22 a/c 571136182-00002 401-7180-533.42-10 114.15 06-28 a/c 271138138-00003 401-7180-533.42-10 60.54 08/04/2015 Page 21 E - 26 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 „rrlllylllf rrrrr, a D j u?!pg Cpsd B o hf rfit!! Dj uz!Dpvodj rfFygf oej uvsf !Sf gpsu r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount Public Works-Electric Electric Operations Division Total: $7,304.82 Public Works-Electric Department Total: $1,355,984.22 Electric Utility Fund Fund Total: $1,391,773.65 FERGUSON ENTERPRISES INC PIPE FITTINGS 402-0000-141.40-00 1,162.97 Division Total: $1,162.97 Department Total: $1,162.97 ADVANCED TRAVEL Workshop-Burke 402-7380-534.43-10 15.25 ANGELES MACHINE WORKS INC FASTENERS, FASTENING DEVS 402-7380-534.31-20 453.96 ANGELES MILLWORK&LUMBER CO SUPPLIES 402-7380-534.31-20 23.96 BHS MARKETING, LLC TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.31-05 8,355.22 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 402-7380-534.42-12 -1,040.90 Network Services 402-7380-534.42-12 1,040.90 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 402-7380-534.42-12 1,040.90 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 402-7380-534.42-10 1.90 06-23 A/C 79513296 402-7380-534.42-10 0.60 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 402-7380-534.42-10 2.53 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 402-7380-534.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 402-7380-534.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 402-7380-534.42-10 1.24 04-05 A/C 3604525834211B 402-7380-534.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 402-7380-534.42-10 1.24 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 402-7380-534.42-10 12.98 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 402-7380-534.42-10 12.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 402-7380-534.42-10 51.01 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 402-7380-534.42-10 0.16 EDGE ANALYTICAL TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.41-50 94.00 ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION MGMT ARCHAEOLOGIST MONITORING 402-7380-534.41-50 470.06 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 402-7380-534.31-01 21.55 JANITORIAL SUPPLIES 402-7380-534.31-01 29.04 SUPPLIES 402-7380-534.31-20 19.48 TWISS ANALYTICAL LABORATORIES TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.41-50 22.50 TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.41-50 199.00 TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 402-7380-534.41-50 241.00 USA BLUEBOOK RADIO&TELECOMMUNICATION 402-7380-534.35-01 260.10 SHIPPING AND HANDLING 402-7380-534.35-01 31.58 UTILITIES UNDERGROUND LOC CTR MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 402-7380-534.49-90 36.19 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 402-7380-534.42-10 112.13 06-28 a/c 271138138-00005 402-7380-534.42-10 75.41 Public Works-Water Water Division Total: $11,589.08 Public Works-Water Department Total: $11,589.08 Water Fund Fund Total: $12,752.05 ENDRESS+HAUSER WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-0000-237.00-00 -7.48 08/04/2015 Page 22 E - 27 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount Division Total: -$7.48 Department Total: -$7.48 ADS, LLC ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 403-7480-535.41-50 4,348.09 ANGELES MILLWORK&LUMBER CO ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 403-7480-535.31-20 8.87 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 403-7480-535.42-12 -1,238.69 Network Services 403-7480-535.42-12 1,238.69 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 403-7480-535.42-12 1,238.69 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 403-7480-535.31-20 323.03 ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 403-7480-535.31-20 75.88 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 403-7480-535.42-10 1.69 06-23 A/C 79513296 403-7480-535.42-10 0.54 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 403-7480-535.42-10 2.25 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 403-7480-535.42-10 1.10 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 403-7480-535.42-10 1.10 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 403-7480-535.42-10 1.10 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 403-7480-535.42-10 1.10 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 403-7480-535.42-10 1.10 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 403-7480-535.42-10 11.54 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 403-7480-535.42-10 10.99 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 403-7480-535.42-10 45.34 07-02 a/c 3604170190080B 403-7480-535.42-10 46.56 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 403-7480-535.42-10 8.17 ENDRESS+HAUSER WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-535.35-01 884.71 WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-535.35-01 96.48 FASTENAL INDUSTRIAL HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.31-20 62.73 HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.31-20 18.68 HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.31-20 8.16 FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.35-01 107.79 FERGUSON ENTERPRISES INC PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 73.18 PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-20 86.63 Pipe Fittings 403-7480-535.31-20 161.62 GOLDEN HARVEST, INC PLUMBING EQUIP FIXT,SUPP 403-7480-594.64-10 3,631.40 HACH COMPANY DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 403-7480-535.48-02 1,008.12 HARTNAGEL BUILDING SUPPLY INC HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.31-01 46.45 LUMBER& RELATED PRODUCTS 403-7480-535.31-20 65.84 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 403-7480-535.35-01 55.18 KAMAN INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGIES EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 403-7480-535.31-20 21.12 SHIPPING AND HANDLING 403-7480-535.42-10 26.85 LINCOLN INDUSTRIAL CORP HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 403-7480-535.31-20 88.78 MOSS-ADAMS, LLP CONSULTING SERVICES 403-7480-535.41-50 3,168.00 NAPA AUTO PARTS FUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 403-7480-535.31-01 152.19 HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 403-7480-535.35-01 22.75 08/04/2015 Page 23 E - 28 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount NORTHSTAR CHEMICAL, INC WATER&SEWER TREATING CHEN/403-7480-535.31-05 3,389.51 CONSULTING SERVICES 403-7480-535.31-05 49.94 OLYMPIC LAUNDRY&DRY CLEANERS SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 7.59 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.35-01 648.56 PORT ANGELES CITY TREASURER Spring water zip ties ce 403-7480-535.31-01 12.99 zip ties spring water dis 403-7480-535.31-01 15.95 Fuses-J. Young 403-7480-535.31-01 23.12 spring water-J. Young 403-7480-535.31-01 12.00 Certified Mail 403-7480-535.42-10 13.85 PUD#1 OF CLALLAM COUNTY Masters Rd 403-7480-535.47-10 175.15 PUGET CONSTRUCTION SERVICES, INC PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 403-7480-535.48-10 14,564.03 SOLID WASTE SYSTEMS, INC WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-594.64-10 17,286.71 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 403-7480-535.44-10 101.12 COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 403-7480-535.44-10 110.60 STAPLES CONTRACT&COMMERCIAL, IN FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.35-01 216.79 SUNSET DO-IT BEST HARDWARE WATER SEWAGE TREATMENT EQ403-7480-535.31-20 130.28 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.31-01 251.95 FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.31-01 174.96 FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.31-01 92.94 SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 71.48 SUPPLIES 403-7480-535.31-01 129.91 POISONS:AGRICUL& INDUSTR 403-7480-535.31-01 25.89 FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 403-7480-535.31-01 179.10 THURMAN SUPPLY PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-01 1.84 PIPE FITTINGS 403-7480-535.31-01 4.09 UTILITIES UNDERGROUND LOC CTR ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 403-7480-535.49-90 36.19 VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 403-7480-535.42-10 115.70 06-28 a/c 271138138-00006 403-7480-535.42-10 43.37 06-22 a/c 571136182-00004 403-7480-535.42-10 40.25 Public Works-WW/Stormwl Wastewater Division Total: $53,839.66 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $53,839.66 Wastewater Fund Fund Total: $53,832.18 C DENNIS ENTERPRISES C DENNIS ENTERPRISES 404-0000-213.10-90 113.23 FIRST FEDERAL SAVINGS&LOAN FIRST FEDERAL SAVINGS& L 404-0000-213.10-90 48.61 FIRST FEDERAL SAVINGS& L 404-0000-213.10-90 12.60 SMITH,STUART T SMITH, STUART T 404-0000-213.10-90 34.64 Division Total: $209.08 Department Total: $209.08 ADVANCED TRAVEL Travel correction-Freil 404-7538-537.43-10 -0.05 SWANA&WRRA Session-Mc 404-7538-537.43-10 400.28 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 404-7538-537.42-10 0.84 06-23 A/C 79513296 404-7538-537.42-10 0.27 08/04/2015 Page 24 E - 29 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 404-7538-537.42-10 1.13 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 404-7538-537.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 404-7538-537.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 404-7538-537.42-10 0.55 04-05 A/C 3604525834211B 404-7538-537.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 404-7538-537.42-10 0.55 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 404-7538-537.42-10 22.67 CLALLAM CNTY SOLID WASTE DEPT BLDG CONSTRUC. SERVICES- 404-7538-537.41-50 288.00 BLDG CONSTRUC. SERVICES- 404-7538-537.49-90 2,186.19 Michelle Hale MILEAGE REIMBURSEMENT 404-7538-537.31-01 12.65 Sonja Coventon MILEAGE REIMBURSEMENT 404-7538-537.31-01 42.44 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 404-7538-537.44-10 224.00 UNITEC CORPORATION DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 404-7538-537.41-50 5,962.00 WASTE CONNECTIONS, INC ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 404-7538-537.41-51 1,339.30 BLDG CONSTRUC. SERVICES- 404-7538-537.41-51 316,165.42 ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 404-7538-537.45-30 5,367.28 ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 404-7538-582.75-10 31,700.20 ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 404-7538-592.83-10 31,078.52 Public Works-Solid Waste SW- Transfer Station Division Total: $394,793.89 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 404-7580-537.42-12 -319.21 Network Services 404-7580-537.42-12 117.18 Network Services 404-7580-537.42-12 202.03 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 404-7580-537.42-12 319.21 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 404-7580-537.42-10 0.84 06-23 A/C 79513296 404-7580-537.42-10 0.27 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 404-7580-537.42-10 1.13 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 404-7580-537.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 404-7580-537.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 404-7580-537.42-10 0.55 04-05 A/C 3604525834211B 404-7580-537.42-10 0.55 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 404-7580-537.42-10 0.55 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 404-7580-537.42-10 11.54 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 404-7580-537.42-10 11.00 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 404-7580-537.42-10 22.67 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 404-7580-537.42-10 2.83 Scan Charges 404-7580-537.42-10 6.47 FRESH WOK CONSULTING SERVICES 404-7580-537.43-10 122.33 PORT ANGELES CITY TREASURER Office Supplies-T. McCa 404-7580-537.31-01 24.55 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC SHOES AND BOOTS 404-7580-537.31-01 147.32 SUPPLIES 404-7580-537.31-01 20.30 SUPPLIES 404-7580-537.31-01 24.26 FIRST AID&SAFETY EQUIP. 404-7580-537.31-01 213.52 08/04/2015 Page 25 E - 30 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount VERIZON WIRELESS CITY BLACKBERRY BILL 404-7580-537.42-10 112.13 WASTE CONNECTIONS, INC ENVIRONMENTAL&ECOLOGICAL 404-7580-537.41-51 55,667.29 Public Works-Solid Waste Solid Waste-Collections Division Total: $56,710.41 ASPECT CONSULTING, LLC CONSULTING SERVICES 404-7585-537.41-50 7,917.68 Public Works-Solid Waste Solid Waste-Landfill Division Total: $7,917.68 Public Works-Solid Waste Department Total: $459,421.98 Solid Waste-Collections Fund Total: $459,631.06 ANGELES CONCRETE PRODUCTS ROAD/HWY MAT NONASPHALTIC 406-7412-538.31-20 160.43 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 406-7412-538.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 406-7412-538.42-10 0.28 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 406-7412-538.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 406-7412-538.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 406-7412-538.42-10 11.34 CLALLAM CNTY DEPT OF HEALTH TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 406-7412-538.41-50 1,059.00 CLALLAM CNTY ROAD DEPT TESTING&CALIBRATION SERVI 406-7412-538.41-50 341.64 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 406-7412-538.42-10 1.86 HERRERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTAPCONSULTING SERVICES 406-7412-538.41-50 4,219.94 LAKESIDE INDUSTRIES INC ROAD/HWY MATERIALS ASPHLT 406-7412-538.31-20 20.40 OWEN EQUIPMENT TELEVISION EQUIP&ACESS 406-7412-594.64-10 10,373.88 ARCHITECT&OTHER DESIGN 406-7412-594.64-10 216.80 QUARRY,THE PORT ANGELES, LLC HARDWARE,AND ALLIED ITEMS 406-7412-538.31-20 36.78 SUNSET DO-IT BEST HARDWARE HAND TOOLS ,POW&NON POWER 406-7412-538.35-01 42.59 UTILITIES UNDERGROUND LOC CTR MISCELLANEOUS SERVICES 406-7412-538.49-90 36.19 Public Works-WW/Stormwl Stormwater Division Total: $16,528.99 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $16,528.99 Stormwater Fund Fund Total: $16,528.99 BOUND TREE MEDICAL, LLC SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-02 59.57 SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-02 309.00 SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-02 259.29 SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-02 1,884.83 SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-02 242.81 SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-13 245.87 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 409-6025-526.42-10 2.53 06-23 A/C 79513296 409-6025-526.42-10 0.80 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 409-6025-526.42-10 3.38 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 409-6025-526.42-10 1.65 08/04/2015 Page 26 E - 31 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount CENTURYLINK-QWEST 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 409-6025-526.42-10 1.65 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 409-6025-526.42-10 1.65 04-05 A/C 3604525834211B 409-6025-526.42-10 1.65 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 409-6025-526.42-10 1.65 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 409-6025-526.42-10 17.31 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 409-6025-526.42-10 16.49 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 409-6025-526.42-10 68.01 CLALLAM CNTY EMS HUMAN SERVICES 409-6025-526.43-10 500.00 MOROZ,JAMES EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 409-6025-526.31-08 200.00 OLYMPIC MEDICAL CENTER SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.31-13 229.09 REIFENSTAHL, PATRICIA EQUIP MAINT& REPAIR SERV 409-6025-526.31-08 200.00 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC SALE SURPLUS/OBSOLETE 409-6025-526.20-80 58.11 SYSTEMS DESIGN WEST, LLC CONSULTING SERVICES 409-6025-526.41-50 3,408.58 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-15 a/c 442043914-00001 409-6025-526.42-10 436.97 Fire Medic I Division Total: $8,150.89 Fire Department Total: $8,150.89 Medic I Utility Fund Total: $8,150.89 CASCADIA LAW GROUP MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 413-7481-535.41-50 14,981.40 MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 413-7481-535.41-50 2,475.00 Public Works-WW/Stormwl Wastewater Remediation Division Total: $17,456.40 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $17,456.40 Harbor Clean Up Fund Total: $17,456.40 ALL WEATHER HEATING&COOLING CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 800.00 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.42 06-23 A/C 79513296 421-7121-533.42-10 0.13 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.56 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.28 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.28 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 421-7121-533.42-10 0.28 06-23 A/C206T310164584B 421-7121-533.42-10 2.88 06-23 A/C206T302306084B 421-7121-533.42-10 2.75 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 421-7121-533.42-10 11.34 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 421-7121-533.42-10 0.57 DAVE'S HEATING&COOLING SVC CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 800.00 GLASS SERVICES CO INC CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 1,164.00 MATHEWS GLASS CO INC CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 1,602.00 Clear Result CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 2,434.55 NIPUSA CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 122,731.19 OLYMPIC STATIONERS INC SUPPLIES 421-7121-533.31-01 75.58 RADIO PACIFIC INC(KONP) COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 421-7121-533.44-10 700.00 08/04/2015 Page 27 E - 32 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount RADIO PACIFIC INC(KONP) COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 421-7121-533.44-10 870.00 TRACY'S INSULATION CITY REBATE 421-7121-533.49-86 2,731.68 Public Works-Electric Conservation Division Total: $133,929.05 Public Works-Electric Department Total: $133,929.05 Conservation Fund Total: $133,929.05 CANNON CONSTRUCTION, INC Release Retainage 451-0000-223.40-00 10,514.15 Division Total: $10,514.15 Department Total: $10,514.15 BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 451-7188-594.65-10 45.00 CED/CONSOLIDATED ELEC DIST INC ELECTRICAL EQUIP&SUPPLY 451-7188-594.65-10 57.01 SOUND PUBLISHING INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 451-7188-594.65-10 154.84 Public Works-Electric Electric Projects Division Total: $256.85 Public Works-Electric Department Total: $256.85 Electric Utility CIP Fund Total: $10,771.00 BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 453-7488-594.65-10 22.50 Public Works-WW/Stormwl Wastewater Projects Division Total: $22.50 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $22.50 WasteWater Utility CIP Fund Total: $22.50 HERRERA ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTAPENGINEERING SERVICES 454-7588-594.65-10 12,208.02 LANE POWELL MISC PROFESSIONAL SERVICE 454-7588-594.65-10 14,401.76 MAGNUS PACIFIC CORPORATION PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 454-7588-594.65-10 29,235.48 PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 454-7588-594.65-10 769,987.89 PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 454-7588-594.65-10 29,235.48 PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 454-7588-594.65-10 29,235.48 Public Works-Solid Waste Solid Waste Coll Projects Division Total: $884,304.11 Public Works-Solid Waste Department Total: $884,304.11 Solid Waste Utility CIP Fund Total: $884,304.11 BUILDERS EXCHANGE OF WA INC COMMUNICATIONS/MEDIA SERV 456-7688-594.65-10 22.50 PAPE&SONS CONSTRUCTION, INC CONSTRUCTION SERVICES,HEA 456-7688-594.65-10 107,277.38 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC PW CONSTRUCTION & RELATED 456-7688-594.65-10 6.47 Public Works-Equip Svcs Stormwater Util CIP Projs Division Total: $107,306.35 Public Works-Equip Svcs Department Total: $107,306.35 Stormwtr Util Projects Fund Total: $107,306.35 MOSS-ADAMS, LLP CONSULTING SERVICES 463-7489-594.41-50 3,389.00 Public Works-WW/Stormwl CSO Capital Division Total: $3,389.00 Public Works-WW/Stormwtr Department Total: $3,389.00 CSO Capital Fund Fund Total: $3,389.00 BAXTER AUTO PARTS#15 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 7.66 FASTENAL INDUSTRIAL AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 133.80 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 17.07 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 85.59 08/04/2015 Page 28 E - 33 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount NAPA AUTO PARTS AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 68.06 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 117.17 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 15.33 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 -138.28 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 13.53 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 19.84 SCARFF FORD, INC BELTS AND BELTING 501-0000-141.40-00 156.68 Tax 501-0000-141.40-00 11.42 SIX ROBBLEES'INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 372.90 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-0000-141.40-00 6.47 UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON POLICE EQUIPMENT&SUPPLY 501-0000-237.00-00 -1,683.00 Division Total: -$795.76 Department Total: -$795.76 ARAMARK LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 501-7630-548.49-90 74.46 LAUNDRY/DRY CLEANING SERV 501-7630-548.49-90 74.46 ASSOCIATED PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, IIFUEL,OIL,GREASE, & LUBES 501-7630-548.32-13 157.37 BAXTER AUTO PARTS#15 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 7.67 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 17.77 BUILDERS HARDWARE&SUPPLY CO AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.31-20 65.65 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 501-7630-548.42-12 -33.48 Network Services 501-7630-548.42-12 33.48 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 501-7630-548.42-12 33.48 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 501-7630-548.42-10 1.47 06-23 A/C 79513296 501-7630-548.42-10 0.47 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 501-7630-548.42-10 1.97 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 501-7630-548.42-10 0.96 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 501-7630-548.42-10 0.96 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 501-7630-548.42-10 0.96 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 501-7630-548.42-10 0.96 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 501-7630-548.42-10 0.96 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 501-7630-548.42-10 10.10 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 501-7630-548.42-10 9.62 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 501-7630-548.42-10 39.67 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 501-7630-548.42-10 4.21 CUES AUTO MAJOR TRANSPORTATION 501-7630-594.64-10 58,514.32 CUMMINS NORTHWEST INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 219.21 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.35-01 261.03 FERRELLGAS INC RENTAL/LEASE EQUIPMENT 501-7630-548.45-30 13.01 LES SCHWAB TIRE CENTER EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 382.76 LINCOLN INDUSTRIAL CORP METALS,BARS,PLATES,RODS 501-7630-548.34-02 89.01 MATCO TOOLS AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.35-01 237.43 MT PLEASANT AUTO BODY AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 466.49 08/04/2015 Page 29 E - 34 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount MT PLEASANT AUTO BODY EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 168.02 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 36.90 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 723.42 N C MACHINERY CO AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 281.45 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 43.37 NAPA AUTO PARTS BELTS AND BELTING 501-7630-548.34-02 15.54 PACIFIC POWER GROUP AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 -150.19 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 8.15 PUBLICATION/AUDIOVISUAL 501-7630-548.34-02 154.91 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 188.57 PORT ANGELES TIRE FACTORY EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 20.54 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 20.54 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 6.25 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 125.15 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 627.29 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 478.52 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 186.05 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 147.21 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 34.51 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 159.63 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 55.12 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 20.54 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 20.54 PRICE FORD LINCOLN AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 815.46 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 1,146.81 RICHMOND 2-WAY RADIO EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 45.48 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 104.06 RUDDELL AUTO MALL EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 58.99 SCARFF FORD, INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 139.42 SUNSET DO-IT BEST HARDWARE AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.31-01 29.25 RENTAL/LEASE EQUIPMENT 501-7630-548.45-30 -371.82 RENTAL/LEASE EQUIPMENT 501-7630-548.45-30 637.39 SWAIN'S GENERAL STORE INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.31-01 6.98 SYSTEMS FOR PUBLIC SAFETY, INC EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-548.34-02 93.79 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-594.64-10 21.63 EXTERNAL LABOR SERVICES 501-7630-594.64-10 726.62 UNITED PARCEL SERVICE Shipping Chgs 501-7630-548.42-10 36.31 Shipping Chgs 501-7630-548.42-10 9.00 UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON POLICE EQUIPMENT&SUPPLY 501-7630-594.64-10 18,683.00 VERIZON WIRELESS 06-22 a/c 571136182-00003 501-7630-548.42-10 25.36 WESTERN EQUIPMENT DISTRIB INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 98.77 AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 61.17 08/04/2015 Page 30 E - 35 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount WESTERN EQUIPMENT DISTRIB INC AUTO&TRUCK MAINT. ITEMS 501-7630-548.34-02 84.76 Public Works-Equip Svcs Equipment Services Division Total: $86,510.89 Public Works-Equip Svcs Department Total: $86,510.89 Equipment Services Fund Total: $85,715.13 FIBERLINK COMMUNICATIONS CORP. DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 502-0000-237.00-00 -181.44 Division Total: -$181.44 Department Total: -$181.44 ASSET RECOVERY SPECIALISTS SHIPPING AND HANDLING 502-2081-518.45-31 400.00 CANON USA, INC OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 138.86 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 502-2081-518.42-12 -300.00 Network Services 502-2081-518.42-12 300.00 DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 502-2081-518.42-12 300.00 CENTURYLINK-QWEST 06-14 A/C 3604571535571 B 502-2081-518.42-10 1.90 06-23 A/C 79513296 502-2081-518.42-10 0.60 07-05 A/C 3604523712585B 502-2081-518.42-10 2.53 07-05 A/C 3604529882811 B 502-2081-518.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604523877817B 502-2081-518.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604529887652B 502-2081-518.42-10 1.24 04-05 A/C 3604525834211 B 502-2081-518.42-10 1.24 07-05 A/C 3604525109623B 502-2081-518.42-10 1.24 06-23 A/C 206T310164584B 502-2081-518.42-10 12.98 06-23 A/C 206T302306084B 502-2081-518.42-10 12.37 06-14 A/C 3604570411199B 502-2081-518.42-10 51.01 COMPUCOM SYSTEMS, INC DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 502-2081-518.48-02 28,579.56 CONSOLIDATED TECH SERVICES Scan Charges 502-2081-518.42-10 10.19 FIBERLINK COMMUNICATIONS CORP. DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 502-2081-518.48-02 2,341.44 GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE RADIO&TELECOMMUNICATION 502-2081-518.43-10 2,995.00 NORTHPOINT CONSULTING INC PAN FW CONFIG/INSTALL 21. 502-2081-518.41-50 3,795.00 PACIFIC OFFICE EQUIPMENT INC OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 60.54 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 45.94 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 89.06 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 245.36 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 129.95 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 17.41 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 151.61 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 52.10 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 74.82 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 78.68 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 28.94 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 468.98 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 26.11 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 320.56 08/04/2015 Page 31 E - 36 a � Id^^ Date:7/29/2015 * »>rrrrrryfrrrrl,, , City of Port Angeles City Council Expenditure Report r4'rJ * From: 711112015 To: 712412015 Vendor Description Account Number Invoice Amount SHARP ELECTRONICS CORP OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 328.46 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 368.31 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 358.45 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 153.95 OFFICE MACHINES&ACCESS 502-2081-518.45-31 354.17 SUNGARD PUBLIC SECTOR DATA PROC SERV&SOFTWARE 502-2081-518.43-15 10,170.00 Finance Information Technologies Division Total: $52,171.04 Finance Department Total: $52,171.04 Information Technology Fund Total: $51,989.60 GELLOR INSURANCE INC CONSULTING SERVICES 503-1661-517.41-50 2,169.00 Self Insurance Worker's Compensation Division Total: $2,169.00 SUMMIT LAW GROUP PLLC CONSULTING SERVICES 503-1671-517.41-50 122.00 WASHINGTON(UNEMP), STATE OF HUMAN SERVICES 503-1671-517.41-50 125.17 WCIA(WA CITIES INS AUTHORITY) CONSULTING SERVICES 503-1671-517.41-50 10,995.90 Self Insurance Comp Liability Division Total: $11,243.07 Self Insurance Department Total: $13,412.07 Self-Insurance Fund Fund Total: $13,412.07 CAPACITY PROVISIONING INC Network Services 652-8630-575.42-12 202.03 Esther Webster/Fine Arts Esther Webster/Fine Arts Division Total: $202.03 Esther Webster/Fine Arts Department Total: $202.03 Esther Webster Fund Fund Total: $202.03 AFLAC AFLAC BILL FOR JULY 2015 920-0000-231.53-10 1,959.54 AFSCME LOCAL 1619 PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.54-40 348.00 BROWN&BROWN OF WASHINGTON PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.53-40 1,431.25 CHAPTER 13 TRUSTEE Case#14-14948 920-0000-231.56-90 794.00 FIREFIGHTER'S LOCAL 656 PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.54-30 1,933.89 GUARANTEED EDUCATION TUITION PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.56-95 263.50 IBEW LOCAL 997 PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.54-20 1,359.25 IUOE LOCAL 302 PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.54-50 695.61 MONTANA CSED SDU J.T. Bradley 920-0000-231.56-20 92.30 OFFICE OF SUPPORT ENFORCEMENT P/R Deductions pe 07-05 920-0000-231.56-20 647.01 POLICE ASSOCIATION PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.55-10 402.00 UNITED WAY(PAYROLL) PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.56-10 584.50 WSCCCE AFSCME AFL-CIO PAYROLL SUMMARY 920-0000-231.54-40 4,795.82 Division Total: $15,306.67 Department Total: $15,306.67 Payroll Clearing Fund Total: $15,306.67 Totals for check period From: 7/11/2015 To: 7/24/2015 $3,525,260.42 08/04/2015 Page 32 E - 37 ......................... .. ........ . 0 'T , NGELES R A WAS H I N G T O N, U. S. A. or CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: AUGUST 4,2015 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: BYRON OLSON,CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER SHERRY WRIGHT,BUDGET OFFICER SUBJECT: 2015 BUDGET AMENDMENT#2 Summary: The 2015 Budget is being amended for the second time to reflect changes in revenues and expenditures that have occurred during the second quarter of 2015. This budget amendment includes capital adjustments to ensure consistency with the Capital Facilities Plan(CFP) as well as adjustments based on the outcome of the recent Priority Setting Process. As this budget amendment includes new revenues as well as an authorization to use funds from reserves, the ordinance must be approved by a super-majority of the entire Council or at least five (5) affirmative votes. Recommendation: The requested action for this issue is as follows: 1. Conduct a second reading of the 2015 Budget Amendment#2 ordinance; and 2. Move to adopt the 2015 Budget Amendment#2 ordinance. Background/Analysis: The 2015 Budget is being amended for the 2nd time, primarily to bring the budget into alignment with the recently adopted Capital Facilities Plan (CFP) and to implement priorities adopted by Council during the 2015-2016 Priority Setting process. Other budget adjustments are included for revenues and expenditure accounts that have higher(or lower) than anticipated year-to-date activity. Attached is a detailed list of proposed budget changes, the budget amendment ordinance, along with Exhibit A which lists total revenues and expenditures by fund for the 2015 Adopted Budget and proposed Amendment#2. 08/04/2015 G - 1 2015 Budget Amendment#2 August 4,2015 Since the first reading of this ordinance on July 21, 2015, the following changes have been made: LODGING TAX FUND #101 ACCOUNT 101 1430 557.41-50 41,000 Increase rofessional services based on LTAC recommendation 101 1430 597.59-96 6,300 Increase transfer for su ort of Fine Arts Center FINE ARTS CENTER FUND #156 ACCOUNT 156 8630 397.10-96 6,300 Increase transfer from Lodging Tax Fund, 1561 86301 575.31-01 1,000 Increase office supplies based on transfer from Lodging Tax Fund 156F--86301. 575.41-50 2,000 Increase professio9al services based on transfer from Lodging Tax Fund 156 8630 575.44-10 1,000 Increase advertising based on transfer from Lodging Tax Fund 156 8630 575.49-60 2,300 Increase printin&/binding based on transfer from Lodging Tax Fund TOTAL FINE ARTS CENTER $ 6,300 $ 6,300 The additional $47,300 in expenditures was previously proposed by the Lodging Tax Advisory Committee. This amount has been reviewed and recommended by the City Council, and is included in the contracts for Marketing and Visitor Center operations. The final step will be adopting these changes as part of the 2nd budget amendment. The changes in the Fine Arts Center Operating Fund include additional revenue of$6,300 from the Lodging Tax Fund, and the related expenditures. Since many of the individual actions require funding to come from reserves (money unspent at the end of the fiscal year automatically rolls into reserves/fund balance), approval of the ordinance will require a super majority of the entire Council, or five (5) affirmative votes. If you have any questions or concerns, please contact me at your convenience. Attachments: Detailed list of proposed budget changes 2015 Budget Ordinance—Amendment#2 Exhibit A 08/04/2015 G - 2 City of Port Angeles 2015 BUDGET AMENDMENT#2 ACCOUNT REVENUE EXPENSE BUDGET AMENDMENT GENERAL FUND REVENUES 1 2001_L1 1,10-00 :�2A�O I� ae�o S qU�Z�_t�edmm)is,! L ......... .......1--.?O—Ql 1 913,.10-00 70000 Increase Sales Tax revenue based on YTD actuals 7. 2001r 3516-30..... ....................20000 ........ .. L crease EUGA Shared Sales Tax revenue based an YTD actuals 1 20011 31458-00 Decrease Electric 9_001 ic Ut 1 Z001_114,55-00 12,800 Increase Solid Waste Collection Utilit Tax based on YTD actuals 2001 91 _2 000 Increase B&O Tax-Non-City Collection Providers based on YTD actuals .......... ........................ 2001 31647-10 Increase Telephone Tax based on YTD actuals q................................................._ 1 2001. 31720-00 10,000 Increase Leasehold Excise Tax based on YTD actuals 1 5012 313.71-00 19000 "crea5a,Cr Irrinal�ustire Sales,Tax basod orYTD actuats ft=�� I l��............. moll 321-91-00 Increase Telec,alb4e-Franchise Fee revenue based on YTD actuals 1 4020 322,10-17 13 000 ....... mmITmm Increase Building.E=r t.revenue_based on YTD actuals 1 4026 322.10-18 2000 Increase Plmbip Permit revenue based on XEUcjq2iL............................... 1 4020 322,10-19 3,000 Increase Michanical Permit revenue based on YTD actuals ............1 j_ __�22 10-20 Increase Sign Permit revenue based on YTD actuals _jq2Q 1000 11 70101 32240-11 1 z,ON 11 Increage R/W CoostriacVon Permit revenue batiRd an YID actuail I L5022 333,16-73 7,500 Add Y.stke Assistance Gran� I' 5022 333,97-06 Increase Homeland Security Grant(S�.onpardep from�S30 000�� 0 5 00 ............. 0,-62-0—, ............ Increase High Crime State Shared revenue 1 5022 I1. �O22 3364,09-21 162.00 iweme0rnlipal Crime State Sbwed ravenhie ....1LO2Q 14 _O. Increase Plan Check Fee revenue based on YTD actuals 1 5022 342 10-12 ._3000 Increase Emergency Response-DUI revenue 0 1 2400 Increase Cemetery Opening/Closin&/Internment revenue 0 34360-15 1 5000 Increase C, ftte Stine Sektang.EeyenLL, 11 8221 347.60-20 5"Q00 QCS�ta5e Sports Everts)se,F nuLe ...... I__.a224 I-347,30-18 17 0,,00 increase Vern Surtan Rental rep Msrweatianw 1 8224: 347.60-23 510" N'"JiTanirewenue 10 Im �WWWAWimiiiii 1. 15,100__._� Increase.Investment Interest based on YTD.actuals 1 (1,000) .Reduce Gateway Facility Rental based on YlEaCtYalSr .................. I sou m,2,40-2n k4duca,Senior Conim Rental Inaseed on YM a,mah HNERAL rUND EXPENDITURES 1 2080 514,41-50 = (11,00W IEftrnmate miit6irnonn conlract based an feouncfli P6oritv SoW❑g I 5010 52143-10 _15�Q iPublic Travel costs cost shared with PenCom) 1 5012 597.59-91 -7-1 LJI,�501 ED2 14 EL,-,,ate fireless Mobile�.Ratajx ansioERer CFP 1 5022 521.41-50 8,500 Public SaletvAs&esimenl Comm i1cost shored with Ponl'of IMM iwiiiin 1 6012 597-59-91 _61 000 FD0314-EmeEgency Services Radio Upgrade per CFP ........................................... 6012 59759-94 d1DR0415-Move transfer for Turnout Gearto 2016 "012 597.,59,91 (28,100)ITR1109-Marine Dr Bulkhead-Reduce to match CFP 3 7012 597.59-91 (12.5(0[TP0506,VaIW , I'll t 3724 103,050 E)InflnaVot f voug!hjFafiiil t Y ant Do rl,Ohne,"%U10, Jims N TOTAL GENERAL FUND $ (386,500)1$ (112,400)1 101 _1430 ...557 41-5_q...... ............... 41,000 Increase professional services based on LTAC recommendation 101 1430 597,59-96 ................u .n. Increase transfer fq.LuSp2q of Fine Arts Center 101 14301 59759-91 OOOQILRO203-furILng.�h�anl!LpArC�P ................ 1 2016 (90,000),PK0314-Move Civic Field Li to 2016 TOTAL LODGING TAX FUND Ls --- $ (62,700)� 102 Parking Lot Lease revenue(moved from Fund 650) 3g_50-00........................... 7230 5424 - III Lot maintenance bv Contractor . ................ p2wrilow,Parking 102 72301 59759-91 504pp 1132 72301 597.59-91 13,500 TR4299-Lauridsen$rid e ,TOTAL STREET FUND $ 44,000 96,900 5----7840 597.59-41 95 000 1106-Funding su port for Citv Pier Floats 1QS 7840 597,59-91 -- 100.000 3113-Eliminate funding for Waterfront Phase 3ytr CFP (4,000) 1071 5160 313.10-00 A%anSL ''.Increase sales tax based on YTD actuals 107 1 -5160 313,10-10 5�1,200 P0501,E!=?,.,IJE2id fLorU.22kJQ!Y'�SaPJnI account) 1071 5160 313,10-10 10 000 Office Furniture tj .2M............................... �O� �16 system(Pail Log!g2yat�yjL IA&, ...........2L m000 �ftware for new ............ 2 000 107 5160 313-10-10 , ..I.I........................ ....... EqUip meet lCable removal(Paid from County's capital account) Lj§O 134 i1LQ2 GIS Data Development(Reimbursement from State) ................. _ 107 5160 33401-82 GG1501,Reimbursement from State E911 rti S project E9 1forpo onofUP r 107 5160 52841-50 _4 g.Q() 107. 5160. 528.41-50 25 7_00 'RIS Data DeveIMMert(Paid from CQUnt $_Mia_i amo-upAt __ .................... 707 51,60 528, 8-10 2000, Equipment/Cable removal(Paid from County's capital ........... 107 51.60 594 65-10.............. 10,000 Software for new phones stem(Paid from County's capital account) 1.07 9lbQ 594.6.5 lq............................. 000..Office Furniture uperade(Paid from Count capital account) 5160 594,65-10 53000.Elm 12YMJ:1x................. 5160 59465-10 522 900 !3_GI501HVAC,t,.2_fWirjn&j UP.S TOTAL PENCOM FUND — $ 242,700 L$ 627,800 G:\FINANCE\BUDGF\B,dg,I Curren)Y,,r\2015B,dg,I\A,endm,.I,&S,ppl,m,.I,I,\2Q\20 amend-CFP fi,,12Q amend-CFP lino) Revision Dale:6/26/15 203,dg,1,m,,d2015 I o12 P01 Dale:]/30/201512:38 P. 08/04/2015 G 3 City of Port Angeles 2015 BUDGET AMENDMENT#2 ACCOUNT „156 91,.61296 6�3 Iltacaea5e transfer frcam Lodling O,nxFuind. 156 $630 ,675...31 Ol 1 000 Increase office sup p4es based„pn transfer fromLodgin Tax Fund 156 $69O 575,41 SO µµµµw,,..........mm,,,,,,,,..,•,m,,,,m„„�,,,q00 Increase rofessional services based on transfer from Lodgin Tax Fund I. 156 8632 575j4-10 1.000 Increase advertising based on transfer from Lodging Tax Fund _.. �... .�.�,(_.._....�:Pw.:. __s£er from lod�,in, Fw;md 156 8630 575,.49-60 7 300 Increase.nntln bmdin based nn tra n,__, w, TOTAL FINE ARTS CENTER $ 6,300 $ 6,300 31�R 595q 333.-$3-56 X3.,760 PDO114-Eliminate Wireless Mobile.Data expansion per CFP 310 5950 333..83-56 f61.000 - f22314 Emer ency Servlces,Radia U,Bff2r g„not,1rant funded 3A0 WWW1O1950 997,.10 91 „„ 67 Opp FDp314-Emer enc Services Radio U rade transfer from GF 310 5950. 39Z,1q-91 .11.250 PDO114-Eliminate Wireless Mobile Data expansion per CFP 310 5950 397,.10-91 17 500 FD0415 Move transfer for Turnout Gear t,�,Wo 20116 11N7 5950 l&Q201 PDOIIdl-L fin]iraautaa win"ler';cMlab110D,mdaex aL'slgoQtL PF” Sub-Total Public Safety Proi, 5 (62,SOO) 5 (45,000) I 9114 1942 '597.5.).91 1900 I&WW'k}21 4-Iu raYaea terSawrjrIVAtonsironIuriidedb f,ltalunndR erCFP Works Proj,• tt 310 7930 333,20-21 71 900 - TR01.1.1-Per CEP increase.STP for Marine Channel Brid e 910 79901 33320-21 111.410 TR1649 Pe re r'CFP rPguce STP fundsPp,„ls2tt15tre.tm„,„-,„�� 31m.0 7930 333 47 36 ],iS 4L10.. _ PK0409-Per CFP increase FEMA ,rant 3110 7930 L 394_3-10 (5,7001 - DR0113-Decrease grant per CFP 310 79,301 12 500 - TRO506-Proiect drop pad from CFP until Fu d,p,ls available 310 7990 997.10-91. _13500 TR4299-Lauridsen 6rid„,e transfer from Street Fund 310 7930 39714 91 ,,,,,,,,m-,,,,,2$,1g0 - TR1109-Marine Dr,.Bulkhead-Reduce to match CFP !. .....,�.,_.. ..._.... 310 7930 397 10 91 50 400 TR1699 18th Street Reconstruction,Grant Match from Street Fund 310 79311 595,65-10 125000 TR0405 Alle,�,,paFinp, ,,,._.,,,�,�,,,. 310 798D 5.95.GS•'gt9 144017 Dfd'0113.Der.�raase rrrcCf4” Sub-Total Street Projects $ (5,500) 110,600 !110 r961 15.!M1 dm2 7SY ,,,, 4341 I,00 .._.,,. IRO'03 Watnrf'mra Development Phase 2 grant ruc'd in 2.01+4 310 7961 337..10-00 IT 285.600 - TRO203-Waterfront Development Phase 2 rant from Counk ^_ _ 310 7961 397.1.0 91 1120,10001 - TRO203-Waterfront Deve MMtnt Phase 2 eliminate transfer ,91b 'T361 595.kr5.10 36- 220a"A2 '1'RRY2�C96 Vlasurfnttwmt Glevelar vem�nf Phase 2 increase par CFP Sub-Total Sidewalk rupr, $ 11 120,000 [310 8985 333,.15-62 2.69 flop 'PK3.126-Add grant yr CFP W WO214-Tumwater Sewer Extension funded by NICE funds per CFP $984 397.12-91 96000 PK1106-Cit Pier Float Re lacement erCFP 8985 397.10-91 910 01010 PK0314-Move Civic Field L hung RZ�I to 21016......... ......... ......... $985 594.65 10 ____$985 594,65-1p 40000 PK0212-Move to Project PK0312 8985 .........__.._...._..__....._.,.... ....... 594,65-10 40 000.PK0312-Move from Project PK0212 310 39ES5 594,.65-10 - E:OOOO PK0314 Red uce,,,,per CFP ................................................................. .�.__ 91GQ 8985 ,,34.6"5-'11b :3 002 FK1.10€a Add o FsrrFP.0t�NOF FIOM5 1155110�! i TOTAL CAPITAL PROJECTS S 204,100 $ 46'8,20_9! 402 7380 534.41-50 1 2.50102 AlternateWaterSPlrrreN drnlog,Sfud, 422 999$ 597..5$81 .. 363:20g1'0errease r„„a itaI transfer goer 2213 CQSA [TOTAL WATER $ $ (338,000) 403 7480 594,64-10 5 000 .Increase cost for Generator and Transfer Switch at Pum Station#10 403 99981 597,.58-81 - 143 500 l.Increase ra ital.transfer Per 2013 COSA TOTAL WASTEWATER $ $ 148,500 7980 S97.S9 91 - 50400,iiR1699 18th St Re airs ITOTAL SOLID WASTE $ $ 50,400 452 9998 397_.10-81 363 000 Decrease capital transfer per 2013 COSA allowed in CFP 452 7388 594..6510 115000 WTO109-E St PRV reduce TOTAL WATER CAPITAL $ (363,000) $ (115,000)1 45,3 9948 397.10 81.. 143 500 _ Increas r 2013 COSA allowed in CFP '..,. TOTAL WASTEWATER CAP. $ 143,500 $ 454 7588!� 592„83-10 - 322,800 Debt Service on Solid Waste Revenue Bonds(incl.in rate increase) .. ._.._. .. .._.._.._.. _......... 454 7180 597.,59-91 - 140,000)Eliminate Transfer carried over from 2014 Budget) TOTAL SOLID WASTE CAP. $ $ 182,800 4-561 7688. ,334..03-10 12.800 DR0212 increa;e„p..rCFP,_.".0 4561 768811 33403-10 42,300 _ JDR030 9-inc reaseaper CFP 456 76$8. 594,.65 10 45 ppp37.5-der CFP TOTALSTORMWATERCAP, $ 55,100 $ (45,000 501 7630 433.92-06 28 000 - Decrease based ripurchaspofPAPOvehirleir,2014 601 7630 594.64-10 - 27„3010 Purchase 2 used Po4ce Sedans from UW(#.4104 and#29) 5101 7630 594.64-10 mm 25 3100 Purchase 1 used Police Sedan from Oak Harbor#4101. TOTAL EQUIPMENT SVCS. $ 28,000) $ 52,600 502 20"1 519,48-02 -..... 59,292.An m N.�. IT_, contract ntral Phona s stem maintenance ,502 22,082 ..m5946410 ..._ .. .7,5000 Pusrrnase Swalt'a,oftwane foa�Rve ids M�.mt 502 2082 594, 4 110_. .. - (90,M IT_0112,-decrease per CFP 502 2082 594...65.10 - 150000 IT0814 derrease„pa,,er CFP 502 2082 594..65-10 - , 2 5,15 400 IT9813 increase Per CFP TOTAL INFORMATION TECH. $ $ 40,400 • :tt :tt GAFINANCE\BUDGET\B�dgcl C1 1\M5 3�dge1\Amendmen1s A Supp1emen1a1s\20\20 amend-CFP lina120d- final Revision Dale:6/26/15 20 Budgel amend 1015 2.f2 Pml Da1e:7/30/201512:38 PM 08/04/2015 G _ 4 ORDINANCE NO. AN ORDINANCE of the City of Port Angeles, Washington amending the 2015 budget and funds. WHEREAS, the Annual Budget of the City of Port Angeles for the year 2015, was adopted, approved and confirmed on December 2, 2014, in Ordinance 3490, in the manner provided by law. WHEREAS, the first 2015 budget amendment was adopted, approved and confirmed by Ordinance No 3533 by Council on April 21, 2015. WHEREAS, now there exists an emergency that could not reasonably have been foreseen when the 2015 budget was adopted and the 1st budget amendment Ordinance was passed. WHEREAS, the facts constituting the emergency include, but are not limited to: Unanticipated additional revenue; Unanticipated reduced revenue; Unanticipated additional expenditures for changes in planned capital expenditures as previously authorized by Council; WHEREAS, these facts require amendments to the adopted budget in order to meet the expenses of government of the City for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2015. NOW, THEREFORE, the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, do ordain as follows: -1- 08/04/2015 G - 5 Section 1. Pursuant to RCW 35A.33.090, the City Council declares that an emergency exists. Section 2. The 2015 budget appropriation for each separate fund as set forth in Ordinance 3490, as amended, is amended as shown in the attached Exhibit A. Section 3. The City Clerk and the codifiers of this ordinance are authorized to correct scrivener's errors, references, ordinance numbering, section and subsection numbers and any references thereto. Section 4. This Ordinance exercises authority granted exclusively to the City Council and is not subject to referendum. It shall be in force and take effect 5 (five) days after publication according to law. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles by a vote of one more than the majority of all members of the legislative body at a regular meeting of said Council on the day of , 2015. Dan Di Guilio, Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: Jennifer Veneklasen, City Clerk William E. Bloor, City Attorney PUBLISHED: By Summary H:Aa ORDINANCE S&RESOLUTIONS\ORDINANCES.2015\Budget AmendmentNo.I.Nvpd —2— 08/04/2015 G - 6 CITY of PORT ANGELES 2015 Budget Ordinance-Amendment#2 Exhibit A Funds 2015 Budget-Amendment#1 2015 Budget-Amendment#2 Fund IDiv. IN ame/Description Beginningl Revenuel Expenclituresl Ending I Beginning I Revenuel Expendituresl Ending Balance Est. Balance Est I Balance Est.1 I Balance Est. GENERAL FUND (Note: Divisional totals for reference only) Fund Balance: 5,849,871 5,715,271 4,910,849 4,503,149 001. 1150 City Council 41,800 54,800 41,800 54,800 001. 1210 City Manager 411,700 315,400 411,700 315,400 001. 1211 Customer Commitment 0 8,400 0 8,400 001. 1220 Human Resources 0 225,450 0 225,450 001. 1230 City Clerk 0 184,500 0 184,500 001. 1390 Community Service 0 45,750 0 45,750 001. 2001 Finance-Revenue 14,979,500 0 14,501,800 0 001. 12010 1 Finance Administration 1 0 643,90 1 1 0 643,900 001. 2023 Accounting 0 749,100 0 749,100 001. 2025 Customer Service 0 1,133,000 0 1,133,000 001. 2080 Reprographics 0 55,500 0 54,500 001. 2091 Non-Departmental 0 45,500 0 45,500 001. 2099 General Unspecified 0 107,500 0 107,500 001. 3010 City Attorney 420,000 350,500 420,000 350,500 001. 3012 Jail Contributions 0 530,000 0 530,000 001. 13021 1 Prosecution 1 21,000 547,400 1 21,000 547,400 001. 4010 Planning 372,800 497,000 372,800 497,000 001. 4020 Building 515,300 172,400 542,800 172,400 001. 4030 Code Compliance 0 42,750 0 42,750 001. 4052 Cultural Resources 0 20,000 0 20,000 001. 4071 Economic Development 50,000 135,800 50,000 135,800 001. 5010 Police Administration 0 528,200 0 529,700 001. 5012 PenCom/Capital Transfers 220,000 258,150 239,000 255,900 001. 15021 1 Police Investigation 1 1,000 935,900 1,000 935,900 001. 5022 1 Police Patrol 325,300 2,939,300 403,000 2,947,800 001. 5025 Police Reserves&Volunteers 0 9,100 0 9,100 001. 5029 Police Records 20,200 454,900 20,200 454,900 001. 5050 Police Facilities Maintenance 5,700 8,500 5,700 8,500 001. 5010 Fire Administration 123,900 358,400 123,900 358,400 001. 5012 PenCom/Medic l Support 0 472,100 0 515,500 001. 5020 Fire Suppression 0 1,452,700 0 1,452,700 001. 5021 Fire Volunteers 8,800 52,400 8,800 52,400 001. 5022 Special Operations 0 2,500 0 2,500 001. 15030 Fire Prevention 1 4,800 10,800 4,800 10,800 001. 5040 Fire Training 7,000 138,000 7,000 138,000 001. 5050 Fire Facilities Maintenance 0 44,700 0 44,700 001. 5050 Fire Emergency Management 0 3,100 0 3,100 001. 7010 Public Works Administration 1,584,500 2,842,700 1,585,500 2,842,700 001. 7012 Public Works CIP 0 151,900 0 111,300 001. 7032 Public Works Telecommunications 50,300 103,000 50,300 103,000 001. 8010 Parks Administration 25,500 281,200 25,500 281,200 001. 8012 Senior Center 44,200 145,300 41,200 145,300 001. 8050 Ocean View Cemetery 139,000 153,800 145,000 153,800 001. 8080 Park Facilities 20,000 1,580,900 20,000 1,580,900 001. 8090 Marine Life Center 0 20,300 0 20,300 001. 8112 Senior Center Facilities 0 37,500 0 37,500 001. 8131 Central Services Facilities 304,500 551,100 304,500 551,100 001. 8221 Sports Programs 157,000 158,900 152,000 158,900 001. 18224 1 Youth/Family Programs 1 88,000 1 175,200 45,000 72,150 001 TOTAL General Fund 5,849,871 20,065,000 20,198,600 5,716,271 4,910,849 19,678,500 20,086,200 4,503,149 SPECIAL REVENUE FUNDS 101 Lodging Excise Tax Fund 290,521 470,500 519,700 241,321 290,521 470,500 457,000 304,021 102 Street Fund 344,148 1,588,300 1,876,500 55,948 344,148 1,632,300 1,973,400 3,048 105 Real Estate Excise Tax-1(REET-1)Fund 194,929 90,200 118,300 166,829 194,929 90,200 114,300 170,829 107 PenCom Fund 721,744 2,711,550 3,007,205 426,089 721,744 2,954,250 3,635,005 40,989 156 Esther Webster(Fine Arts Center)Operations 22,721 139,400 139,400 22,721 22,721 145,700 145,700 22,721 160 Real Estate Excise Tax-2(REET-2)Fund 120,475 90,100 86,100 124,475 120,475 90,100 86,100 124,475 172 1 Port Angeles Housing Rehab.Fund 249,481 791,000 894,300 146,181 249,481 791,000 894,300 146,181 TOTAL Special Revenue Funds 1,944,019 5,881,050 6,641,505 1,183,564 1,944,019 6,174,050 7,305,805 812,264 Page 1 of 2 08/04/2015 G - 7 CITY of PORT ANGELES 2015 Budget Ordinance-Amendment#2 Exhibit A Funds 2015 Budget-Amendment#1 2015 Budget-Amendment#2 Fund IDiv. IN ame/Description Beginningl Revenuel Expendituresl Ending I Beginning I Revenuel Expendituresl Ending Balance Est. Balance Est I Balance Est.1 I Balance Est. DEBT SERVICE FUNDS 212 2005 GO Bond--Refunding Fund(Library) 28,953 276,200 286,300 18,853 28,953 276,200 286,300 18,853 214 2005 LTGO Bond Fund(W.U.G.A.) 8,163 253,200 251,600 9,763 8,163 253,200 251,600 9,763 215 2006 LTGO Bond(Prop.Acquisition)Fund 659,563 60,000 87,000 632,563 659,563 60,000 87,000 632,563 216 2014 LTGO Bond(Landfill Bluff Stabilization)Fund 105,956 395,200 343,700 157,456 105,956 395,200 343,700 157,456 TOTAL Debt Service Funds 802,635 984,600 968,600 818,635 802,635 984,600 968,600 818,635 ENTERPRISE/UTILITY FUNDS 401 Electric Utility Fund 5,836,096 39,462,800 38,462,800 6,836,096 4,652,689 39,462,800 38,462,800 5,652,689 402 Water Utility Fund 10,069,573 5,722,300 6,609,620 9,182,253 9,501,640 5,722,300 6,271,620 8,952,320 403 Wastewater Utility Fund 607,155 6,031,000 6,422,621 215,534 607,155 6,031,000 6,571,121 67,034 404 Solid Waste Utility Fund 5,280,939 9,717,100 10,115,718 4,882,321 1,820,457 9,717,100 10,166,118 1,371,439 406 Stormwater Utility Fund 857,871 1,462,000 2,134,101 185,770 833,388 1,462,000 2,134,101 161,287 409 Medic 1 Utility Fund 255,703 1,617,950 1,705,853 167,800 221,458 1,617,950 1,705,853 133,555 413 Harbor Clean-up Fund 669,935 919,900 969,700 620,135 669,935 919,900 969,700 620,135 421 1 1 Conservation Fund 1,458,269 1,205,800 1,202,800 1,461,269 1,458,269 1,205,800 1,202,800 1,461,269 TOTAL Enterprise/Utility Funds 25,035,541 66,138,850 67,623,213 23,551,178 19,764,991 66,138,850 1 67,484,113 18,419,728 ENTERPRISE/INTERNAL SERVICE FUNDS 501 1 EquipmentServices 4,369,947 1,636,800 2,151,800 3,854,947 4,369,947 1,608,800 2,204,400 3,774,347 502 1 1 Information Technology 1,602,635 1,560,700 2,295,842 867,493 1,602,635 1,560,700 2,336,242 827,093 503 1 Self-Insurance 975,622 5,431,000 5,361,000 1,045,622 975,622 5,431,000 5,361,000 1,045,622 TOTAL Internal Service Funds 6,948,204 8,628,500 9,808,642 5,768,062 6,948,204 8,600,500 9,901,642 5,647,062 FIDUCIARY FUNDS 602 1 1 Firemen's Pension Fund 169,505 24,200 62,300 131,405 169,505 24,200 62,300 131,405 TOTAL Fiduciary Funds 169,505 24,200 62,300 131,405 169,505 24,200 62,300 131,405 PERMANENT FUNDS 601 1 ICem etery Endowment Fund 387,071 2,500 0 389,571 387,071 2,500 0 389,571 656 1 1 Esther Webster(Fine Arts Center)Trust Fund 859,343 0 0 859,343 859,343 0 0 859,343 TOTAL Permanent Funds 1,246,414 2,500 0 1,248,914 1,246,414 2,500 0 1,248,914 CAPITAL FUNDS 310 Governmental Capital Improvement Fund 1,957,743 4,183,400 5,010,800 1,130,343 2,119,377 4,387,500 5,479,000 1,027,877 316 Governmental Park Improvement Fund 197,425 3,400 0 200,825 197,425 3,400 0 200,825 451 Electric Capital Fund 3,322,437 1,043,000 2,400,400 1,965,037 3,322,437 1,043,000 2,400,400 1,965,037 452 Water Capital Fund 2,731,621 463,000 1,750,000 1,444,621 2,731,621 100,000 1,635,000 1,196,621 453 Wastewater Capital Fund 3,657,736 559,000 1,381,500 2,835,236 3,657,736 702,500 1,381,500 2,978,736 454 Solid Waste Capital Fund 13,783,924 397,700 12,579,700 1,601,924 13,185,724 397,700 12,762,500 820,924 456 1 Storm water Capital Fund 1 424,096 1 935,000 1 614,100 744,996 424,096 990,100 569,100 845,096 463 Combined Sewer Overflow Capital Fund 9,086,310 13,960,700 16,383,128 6,663,882 7,750,493 13,960,700 16,383,128 5,328,065 TOTAL Capital Funds 35,161,292 21,545,200 40,119,628 16,586,864 33,388,909 21,584,900 40,610,628 14,363,181 SUB-TOTAL ALL FUNDS 77,157,481 123,269,900 145,422,488 55,004,893 69,175,526 123,188,100 146,419,288 45,944,338 Reserves-Designated Reserves Used 22,152,588 23,231,188 TOTAL ALL FUNDS 77,157,481 145,422,488 145,422,488 55,004,893 69,175,526 146,419,288 146,419,288 45,944,338 Page 2 of 2 08/04/2015 G NGELES Mm"AWWORT 4 W AS H I N G T O N, U. S. A. CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: August 4, 2015 To: City Council FROM: TERRY GALLAGHER, CHIEF OF POLICE SUBJECT: Resolution Supporting Potential 9-1-1 Center Consolidation Summary: An approaching retirement within Peninsula Communications presents an opportunity to more seriously explore the future consolidation of the 9-1-1 dispatch centers of Jefferson and Clallam Counties, a concept known as regionalization. Earlier this year Police Department management met with the Jefferson County Communications Center (JeffCom) governing board to assess their interest in consolidation. The attached resolution was passed by the JeffCom board and supports the further exploration of the subject through the appointment of a regional 9-1-1 director to oversee both the Jefferson County and Clallam County 9-1-1 centers. The JeffCom Board is asking the Port Angeles City Council to pass an identical resolution in support of the concept of 9-1-1 center consolidation before further time or resources are dedicated to the issue. Recommendation: Staff recommends that the Council pass the attached resolution supporting further exploration of the regionalization of 9-1-1 services on the Olympic Peninsula. In approximately August 2016, Steve Romberg, the manager of Peninsula Communications (PenCom)will retire. The retirement of a senior employee is a challenge for any organization but also a time when opportunities may be presented. In the case of Steve's eventual departure we have an opportunity to seriously explore and move incrementally toward the full consolidation of the respective 9-1-1 centers of Clallam County (PenCom) and Jefferson County (JeffCom). PenCom is a coalition of 17 agencies. Each agency provides a representative to the PenCom advisory board. However, the Port Angeles City Council is the ultimate authority on matters related to PenCom. 08/04/2015 H - 1 JeffCom is also a coalition of different police and fire agencies, but its governing structure is different than that of PenCom. JeffCom has a governing board that is the ultimate authority on matters related to JeffCom. Consolidation is a term that refers to the merger of two or more 9-1-1 centers into a single center. Regionalization is the term applied to the consolidation of multiple centers across county lines. Early in 2015 Port Angeles Police Department(PAPD) management contacted the JeffCom Advisory Board and asked to speak with the board about opportunities that might exist given the fast approaching retirement of Steve Romberg. The board agreed to meet. During our meeting we discussed the future of 9-1-1 dispatch on the Olympic Peninsula. Participants at the meeting acknowledged that the subject of consolidation had been floated in the past but that neither serious discussions nor affirmative steps toward regionalization had ever occurred. We acknowledged that regionalization was a concept greatly favored at the State level and that eventually regionalization would very likely be mandated. We agreed that the concept of regionalization appeared to present certain benefits, such as: • Improved service to the citizens of both Jefferson and Clallam Counties. • Enhanced safety of emergency service personnel with improved communications and mapping abilities. • Potentially significant cost savings as duplicated functions are consolidated. • Enhanced survivability in the event of a disaster. Over the last three years PenCom and JeffCom have worked diligently toward system compatibility in both 9-1-1 centers. This became imperative when the federal government mandated radio narrowbanding and the back-up dispatch centers maintained in both counties became obsolete. To make those back-up centers operational after this change would have required a substantial investment, likely in excess of$100,000 just in Clallam County. Both centers recognized that it made sense to invest in system standardization across both counties (so that the respective centers effectively became each others' back-up) rather than to continue to invest in individual back-up centers with a much reduced capability. The move toward system compatibility was also driven by an understanding that 9-1-1 center regionalization was the future of emergency dispatch, and that our ability to ensure continued operation in the event of a disaster was enhanced by developing centers that mirrored each other in respect to equipment and technology. JeffCom has endorsed the concept of regionalization and agreed that further work on the issue should occur. They have agreed that as an initial first step the merger of PenCom and JeffCom at an administrative level makes sense. Because political support is critical to the success of such a venture the JeffCom governing board passed a resolution identical to the one before Council tonight. The JeffCom governing board has requested the Council also consider and then pass the resolution giving Council support to regionalization in principle and authorizing further exploration of the subject through the appointment of Karl Hatton to a regional director's position at the time of Steve Romberg's retirement. Karl would be tasked with identifying and 08/04/2015 H - 2 resolving any issues related to full 9-1-1 center regionalization. This will be a multi-year process. PenCom would replace Steve Romberg with a Deputy Director responsible for the day-to-day management of PenCom. The Deputy Director would be a direct report to the regional director. There are no costs associated with this action at this time. The resolution is merely a statement on the part of Council that supports further examination of the regionalization of emergency 9-1- 1 dispatch. As Karl Hatton conducts his work and identifies necessary steps in the process the PenCom Advisory Board and the City Council will be kept fully informed. This concept was endorsed by the PenCom Advisory Board, including a single regional director for both communication centers. 08/04/2015 H - 3 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington authorizing the Port Angeles Chief of Police or his designee is authorized to explore consolidation of the of the administrative functions of Peninsula Communications with Jefferson County 9-1-1 and the future consolidation of the two dispatch entities into a regional 9-1-1 communication system. WHEREAS the cooperation and coordination between government entities promotes efficiencies and improves service delivery for citizens and rate-payers; and WHEREAS the Peninsula Communications and Jefferson County 9-1-1 serve nearly identical functions in their geographic areas; and WHEREAS Peninsula Communications and Jefferson County 9-1-1 desire to explore the means by which consolidation of some or all existing emergency communications operations in the respective counties may be accomplished for the purpose and benefit of enhancing public safety; and WHEREAS Peninsula Communications and Jefferson County 9-1-1 seek to deliver excellent emergency service communications in a highly efficient manner; to access potential economies of scale through consolidation of activities; to promote interagency collaboration, communication, and interoperability; and to continuously identify means to enhance service delivery; and WHEREAS the consolidation or sharing of the administrative functions of Pennisula Communications and Jefferson County 9-1-1 is the logical first step towards exploring opportunities for cooperation, interoperability, and possible consolidation of 9- 1-1 services on the Olympic Peninsula; and -1- 08/04/2015 H - 4 WHEREAS the future personnel needs of Peninsula Communications and Jefferson County 9-1-1 make this an optimum time to explore consolidation efforts NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles that the Port Angeles Chief of Police or his designee is authorized to explore consolidation of the administrative functions of Peninsula Communications with Jefferson County 9-1-1 and the future consolidation of the two dispatch entities into a regional 9-1-1 communication system. PASSED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a regular meeting of said Council held on the day of , 2015. Dan Di Guilio, Mayor ATTEST: Jennifer Veneklasen, City Clerk APPROVED AS TO FORM: William E. Bloor, City Attorney H:Aa ORDINANCES&RESOLUTIONS\RESOLUTIONS.2015\08-Pencom-Jeffcom consolidation.docx -2- 08/04/2015 H - 5 P RT , NGELES W A S H I N G T O N, U. S. A. CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: August 4, 2015 TO: CITY COUNCIL FROM: DAN MCKEEN,CITY MANAGER WILLIAM BLOOR,CITY ATTORNEY SUBJECT: FLUORIDATION ADVISORY POLL RESOLUTION Summary: The attached Resolution sets up a process for an advisory poll on fluoridation in accordance with the directions City Council established at its special meeting on July 28. Recommendation: Approve the attached Resolution. Choose public hearing date. BACKGROUND/DISCUSSION: At its special meeting on July 28, the City Council voted to conduct an advisory poll of City and PUD customers who receive fluoridated water from the City. The Council then asked staff to recommend the process for conducting that poll. There are several items to consider. First, Council must adopt the language that will be sent out to customers. There is no law or regulation that governs in a situation such as this, but there are statutes that govern the language of a ballot proposition that is binding. Those statutes are designed to assure that the language used in a ballot proposition is neutral and easily understood. Recognizing that, staff recommends the language of the poll follow the statutory rules for binding ballot propositions. A recommended resolution containing such language accompanies this memo. That language, along with a "for" and "against" statement from assigned committee chairs, would be included in one mailing to City and PUD customers. The second item to consider is the method of distribution. The PUD is willing to, and in fact prefers to, distribute the same poll to its own customers who receive fluoridated water. Since that is the case, the simple means of distribution is that the City mail the poll to City water customers and the PUD mail the poll to its customers. The mailings should be sent out on the same day. 08/04/2015 H - 6 Page 2 Fluoridation Advisory Poll Resolution August 4,2015 The next item to consider is collection and counting the polls. As of the date this memo is written, city staff have at least two different proposals for collecting and counting the polls. However, we have not yet been able to determine the practicability of either. We will provide supplemental information on this topic as soon as possible. The final item to consider is timing. Staff recommends that Council choose a public hearing date in October that will set in motion a timeline for the advisory poll mailings. That public hearing is intended to be the center piece for public education regarding the fluoride issue. Therefore, it seems appropriate that the polls should go out soon after the public hearing. Staff recommends that mailings are sent out by the end of the calendar week that follows the hearing, and that customers have 21 days to return their votes. For example: Public hearing date set for October 8 Mailings out by October 16 Votes due back by November 6 Options for public hearing dates are Thursdays, October 1, 8, 15 or 22. 08/04/2015 H - 7 RESOLUTION NO. A RESOLUTION of the City Council of the City of Port Angeles, Washington, providing for the submission to the water system customers of the City and to water customers in the unincorporated county who receive City water from Public Utility District No. I of an advisory poll seeking citizen input regarding the fluoridation of the City's municipal water supply. BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles as follows: Section 1. Findings. The City Council of the City of Port Angeles seeks citizen opinion as to whether to terminate or to continue fluoridation of the City's municipal water supply. To accomplish that, Council hereby finds and declares an advisory poll to be mailed to all customers who receive fluoridated water is the best way to measure citizen interest in continuation of fluoridation of the City's municipal water supply. Section 2. Poll. In order to measure citizen opinion on fluoridation, the Council hereby authorizes the question as described below to be submitted as an advisory poll to all customers who receive fluoridated water from the City's municipal water system. Section 3. The Question. The advisory poll hereby authorized shall be in substantially the following form: CITY OF PORT ANGELES FLUORIDATION OF MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY ADVISORY POLL The City of Port Angeles is contractually obligated to continue fluoridation of the municipal water supply until May 18, 2016. After that date, fluoridation will continue unless the City Council takes action to discontinue the practice. Should the City of Port Angeles continue fluoridating its municipal water supply after May 18, 2016? YES ❑ NO ❑ NO OPINION ❑ 1 08/04/2015 H - 8 EXPLANATORY STATEMENT The City of Port Angeles currently fluoridates its drinking water in accordance with regulations established by the Washington State Department of Health. The City began fluoridating the water in 2006 with the intent of improving dental health in the community, and the City is contractually obligated to continue fluoridation until May 18, 2016. After that date, fluoridation will continue unless the City Council acts to discontinue the practice. The Council wants to measure citizen opinion regarding fluoridation. This is an advisory ballot, and is not binding on the City Council. However, the Council will consider the results of this ballot in deciding whether to continue fluoridation. Section 4. Distribution. Not later than , 2015, the advisory poll shall be mailed to all water customers who receive fluoridated water from the City. Responses to the Question must be postmarked not later than , 2015. The City Manager is hereby authorized to make all arrangements and agreements necessary to carry out the directions of this Resolution. The City Manager is further authorized to make appropriate arrangements and agreements to have the results tabulated by an outside,independent entity. Section 5. Severabili1y. In the event any one or more of the provisions of this resolution shall for any reason be held to be invalid, such invalidity shall not affect or invalidate any other provision of this resolution, but this resolution shall be construed and enforced as if such invalid provision had not been contained herein. Section 6. Effective Date. This Resolution shall be in full force and effect immediately upon adoption. ADOPTED by the City Council of the City of Port Angeles at a special meeting of said Council held on the day of July, 2015. Dan Di Guilio, Mayor ATTEST: APPROVED AS TO FORM: Jennifer Veneklasen, City Clerk William E. Bloor, City Attorney 2 08/04/2015 H - 9 ELES WASHINGTON, U. S. A. Xl/ ............. CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: August 4, 2015 To: City Council FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works &Utilities SUBJECT: Stage 3 Water Shortage Declaration Summary: Low flows in the Elwha River are adversely impacting the viability of fish. The City previously declared a Stage 2 Water Shortage on June 16, 2015, which includes voluntary water use restrictions. The flows have continued to decrease, and are now consistently below 300 cfs and dropping. Recommendation: Declare a Stage 3 Water Shortage and authorize the Public Works and Utilities Department to implement the limited outdoor restrictions on the use of water as detailed in its Water Shortage Response Plan. Background/Analysis: The City's potable water source is groundwater under the direct influence of the Elwha River. The water is pumped to the City from a Ranney Collector Well located next to the river. Alternatively, the City can receive direct surface water from the Surface Water Intake Structure, currently maintained by the National Park Service. The Elwha and most other rivers in Washington State are currently at record low flows. The Elwha River is flowing under 300 cubic feet per second (cfs), where normally the flow averages 1000 cfs at this time of year. Flows of 300 cfs are not normally reached until the mid-September timeframe. The low flows are expected to continue to decline, with no significant precipitation in the forecast. There are currently indicators of increased stress in juvenile salmonids in the estuary ponds adjacent to the river mouth. Temperatures in those ponds have been as high as 24 C, which is about 5 C higher than is normally seen in these areas, even in late August. Temperatures in the mainstream are elevated as well for this time of year, but not to the same extent as the estuary ponds. For these reasons, it is recommended that the City Council declare a Stage 3 Water Shortage — Outdoor Restrictions. Stage 3 of the City's Water Shortage Response Plan is a coordinated effort among City Departments to respond to water supply problems. The Director of Public Works and Utilities will take the lead in declaring the restrictions needed to protect the available supply for in- stream and out-of-stream users and proceed with the necessary public notifications as detailed in the Plan. N:\CC0UNC1L\F1NAL\Stage 3 Water Shortage Declaration.docx 08/04/2015 August 4,2015 City Council Re: Stage 3 Water Shortage Declaration Page 2 Port Angeles Municipal Code 13.46 states that under a Stage 3 Water Shortage, "the City Council may establish certain specified days or hours for lawn and garden sprinkling and may prohibit or regulate other non-essential uses of water within the water system during such times as there is an actual or impending water shortage, extreme pressure loss in the distribution system, or for any other reasonable cause. The following non-essential uses of water may be prohibited on all properties connected to the City's water system, whether inside or outside of the City: 1. Washing sidewalks, walkways, driveways,parking lots,patios, and other exterior paved areas by direct hosing, except as may be necessary to prevent or eliminate materials dangerous to the public health and safety. 2. Escape of water through breaks or leaks within the customer's plumbing or private distribution system for any period of time beyond which such break or leak should reasonably have been discovered and corrected. It shall be presumed that a period of 48 hours after the customer discovers a leak or break, or receives notice from the City of such leak or break, whichever occurs first, is a reasonable time in which to correct the same. 3. Non-commercial washing of privately owned motor vehicles, trailers, and boats, except from a bucket or hose using a shutoff nozzle for quick rinses. 4. Lawn sprinkling and irrigation which allows water to run off or overspray the lawn area. Every customer is deemed to have knowledge of and control over his or her lawn sprinkling and irrigation at all times. 5. Sprinkling and irrigation of lawns, ground cover, or other plants, between the hours of 9:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. or on any day not authorized by the established rotation schedule. 6. Such other uses as the Council deems appropriate." It is recommended that the City Council declare a State 3 Water Shortage, implement Odd-Even days for water sprinkling based on street address, and authorize the Public Works and Utilities Department to prohibit the previously listed uses of water until such time as the City Council declares an end to a Stage 3 Water Shortage. 08/04/2015 1 - 2 1 F/"P 0 WT F NGELES WASHINGTON, U. S. A. H Xr/ `"""""° CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: August 4, 2015 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works &Utilities SUBJECT: PALF Stabilization—Lab Testing Services Summary: A change order will be issued to remove the lab testing services for low permeability soil and associated reporting from the construction contract with Magnus Pacific. Additionally, an amendment will be issued to add the same lab testing services and associated reporting to the construction management professional services agreement with Anchor QEA. This will result in a no cost change to the project. Recommendation: Approve and authorize the City Manager to sign: 1) Change Order No. 10 for the Port Angeles Landfill Cell Stabilization, Project SW02-12, with Magnus Pacific Corporation in the total credit amount of$219,927.34 including applicable taxes, removing lab testing services; and 2)Amendment 1 to the 2014 Landfill Construction Management Professional Services Agreement, SW02-12, with Anchor QEA, LLC in the total amount of$219,927.34 including applicable taxes, adding lab testing services. Background/Analysis: The low permeable soil barrier is one of the prevalent components of the cover system being installed and requires extensive lab testing. In view of the approaching end of the second construction season for the landfill bluff project, scheduled to conclude in October, staff has determined that Anchor QEA is in a better position to provide these lab services under the construction management professional services agreement. This change is being done not only for schedule purposes, but it is believed that Anchor can provide this service with better oversight and efficiency. This change will remove the lab testing requirement currently in the construction contract with Magnus Pacific and add it to the professional services agreement with Anchor QEA. This is a net-zero cost change. N:ACCOUNCIL\FINAL\PALF Stabilization-Lab Testing Services.docx 08/04/2015 1 - 3 • ' / / ,ART' NGELES V' , IplliV' ,,. W A S H I N G T O N, U. S. A. CITY COUNCIL MEMO DATE: August 4, 2015 To: CITY COUNCIL FROM: Craig Fulton, P.E., Director of Public Works &Utilities SUBJECT: 18th Street Reconstruction,Project TR16-99 Summary: Bids were requested for the 18th Street Reconstruction Project TR16-99. One bid was received and opened on July 23, 2015. Lakeside Industries, Inc., of Port Angeles, WA was the low responsible bidder in the bid amount of$1,303,893.55, including applicable taxes. Recommendation: Award and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract for the 18th Street Reconstruction Project TR16-99,with Lakeside Industries, Inc., of Port Angeles,WA, in the total amount of$1,303,893.55 including applicable taxes, and to make minor modifications to the contract if necessary. Background/Analysis: The reconstruction of 18th Street is the highest-ranking transportation improvement construction project planned for 2015, and involves an asphalt overlay of 18th Street, from the eastern gate of the Transfer Station/Landfill facility to L Street, and on N Street between 15th and 18th Streets. The City has obtained two grants to support this project: a Transportation Improvement Board(TIB) grant in the amount of$478,425 and a Federal Surface Transportation Program (STP) grant for $804,845 that was approved at the April 7, 2015 Council meeting. Design contract documents were completed by City engineering staff in 2015 and posted on the Builders Exchange of Washington. Advertisement notices were also placed in the Peninsula Daily News and Daily Journal of Commerce (Seattle based). One bid was received and opened on July 23, 2015. Lakeside Industries, Inc., of Port Angeles, WA was the low responsible bidder in the bid amount of$1,303,893.55, including applicable taxes. The Engineer's estimate was $1,449,427. An Apprentice Utilization Program is not in place on this project because the STP grant includes Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) funds, thus the City is required to use standard federal construction specifications in this contract. Federal contract specifications do not contain an apprentice utilization program. The City ordinance recognizes this issue with Federal funding and provides an exemption from the apprenticeship program (PAMC 3.80.040(6)). N:ACC0UNCIL\FINAL\18th Street Reconstruction TR1699-Award.docx 08/04/2015 `' 7 August 4,2015 City Council Re: 181h Street Reconstruction,TR16-99 Page 2 In addition to the STP and TIB grant funds, City matching funds are budgeted from Solid Waste Utility alley paving funds, since the deterioration of 181' Street is attributable to haul trucks from Transfer Station operations. In addition to the bid award amount, a 10% contingency has been reserved for this contract. The award amount and contingency are within available budget. The following is a summary of funding sources available for this project: Revenue Source Amount STP Grant $804,845 TIB Grant $478,425 City Match $175,000 Total Budget $1,458,270 It is recommended that City Council award and authorize the City Manager to sign a contract for the 18th Street Reconstruction Project TR16-99, with Lakeside Industries, Inc., of Port Angeles, WA, in the total amount of$1,303,893.55 including applicable taxes, and to make minor modifications to the contract if necessary. 08/04/2015 J ADS LLC CSO Flow Monitoring Project CSO Flow Monitoring, WW14-2014 Date Agreement Authorized by Council:July 1, 2014 Agreement Expires: July 15, 2016 Billings Through:June 15, 2015 Task# Description Contract Amount I Billings to Date %Complete, 1 Flow Monitoring Field Service(3 CSO sites) $57,934.25 $26553.23 46% .. .._ =Reports stem Uptime, Data Analysis, and 2 O sites) $39,604.80 $18,152.20 46% _._ CSO Site Wireless Communication(3 CSO sites) 3 ) $2,118.22 $970.861 46% 4 1e si a ate isp ay and Tiarm Notificaflo n (5 CSO sites) $4,696.80 $2,152.70 46% ' Training, Support and Equipment- upon 5 request $20,000.00 $0.00 0% Flow Meter and weather station Initial 6 Calibration(6 sites) $0.00 $0.00 0% =lWebsite Setup =2,867.181 $0.00 0% E-111nitialnsta a ion or Replacement of 8 Equipment $0.00 $0.00 0% Totals $127,221.25 $47,828.99 38% 08/04/2015 L - 1 Anchor QEA Agreement, Project No. SWO2-2012 Construction Management Services Date Agreement Authorized by Council:April 15, 2014 Agreement Expires: December 31, 2015 Billings Through:June 30, 2015 Original Contract This Invoice % Task# Task Amount Amount Previous Total New Total Complete Port Angeles Landfill Stabilization Project 1 No. SW02-2012-Construction Management $1,429,000.00 $77,459.89 $804,039.02 $881,498.91 61.7% Total ontractAmount $1,429,000.00 08/04/2015 L - 2 Aspect Consultant Agreement,Project SW08-01 Landfill Post Closure Consulting&Engineering Services Date Agreement Authorized by Council:October 7,2008 Date Amendment 1 Authorized by Council:September 15,2009 Date Amendment 2 Authorized by Council:February 15,2011 Date Amendment 3 Authorized by Council:January 17,2012 Date Amednment 4 Authorized by Council:January 21,2014 Agreement Expires:April 30,2016 Billings Through:6/26/2015 Contract Amount Contract Amount Contract Amount Contract Amount Original Contract through Through Through Through Billings % Task# Task Amount Amendment 1 Amendment 2 Amendment 3 Amendment 4 to Date Complete r12 1.1 Groundwater Reports Biannual Reports $6,500 $26,100 $34,100.00 $53,224.00 $84,000.51 $103,650.18 123% Annual Groundwater Monitorin Re ort $13,500 $43,400 $58,400.00 $87,907.00 $136,049.68 $124,515.21 92% Seawall Fluid Report $8.000 $15,500 $15,500 $15,500 $15.500.00 $13.724,30 89% 1.2 Seawall Monitoring Report and Beach Monitorin Analysis of Transact data,Tech Memo and Recommendations $9„000 $14,800 $19,800.00 $32,470.00 $32,470.00 $29,100.02 90% 1.2.2 Beach Monitorin Site Visit $7,526,26 $756.09 10% Report $6.000 $18.300 $27,300.00 $48,459.00 $60.196,05 Annual Beach Morphology Monitoring 1.23 $26,475.35 33% 1,2.4 Beach Monitoring Rep latory Support $8,501,74 0% w 1 Evaluation of Monitorin Well#3 $6„000.00 $6,000.00 $6A00.001 $6.471.75 108% Evaluation of Environmental Monitoring of 1.4 the 304 Cam ant Landrill $8,000„00 $8,000.00 $8,000,.00 $0,00 0% 1.5 Evaluation of the Landfill Gas System $7,000.00 $51,65872 $111„36250 $105,100.39 94% 2 Maintenance Support $13,000 $6,000 $12,000 $24,000 $38,619 $35,440.38 92% 3 Macro-Algae Survey 1 $0 $61„000 $61,000 $111„000 $104,522 $103,264.67 99% Total $68,000'906 $185700 $249 100 $438,218.72 $632 747,64 $548,498.34 87% 08/04/2015 L - 3 BROWN AND CALDWELL CONSULTANT AGREEMENT Project WW10-08 CSO Projects Phase 2 Contract 06-01 (Through Amendment 20) Contract Expires: 12-31-2016 Billing Through: 6-25-2015 Payment No. 30 Table 1 - Summary of Payments invoice Amount Cumulative o 0 =Payment Time Period Number(s) Requested Total Authorized 1 Feb 22, 2013 to Mar 28, 2013 14191132 $45,216.15 $45,216,15 1.8% 2 Mar 29, 2013 to Apr 25, 2013 14192116 $83,821.01 $129,037.16 5.3% 3 Aril 26, 2013 to May 23, 2013 14194841 $135,724.73 $264,761.89 10.8% 4 May 24, 2013 to June 27, 2013 14196829 $117,135.96 $381,897.85 15.6% 5 June 28, 2013 ri July 25, 2013 14197244 $40,162.14 $422,059.99 17.3% July 26, 2013 to Aug 22, 2013 14199505 $41,410.31 $463,470.30 19.0% 6 JAug 23, 2013 to Sep 26, 2013 14201321 $110,443.99 $573,914.29 23.5% Se 27; 2013 to Oct 24,2013 14204874 $210,821.93 7 Oct 1, 2013 to Oct 24, 2013 14203651 $2,457.21 $787,193.43 30.0% Oct 25, 2013 to Nov 21, 2013 14205984 $122,022.84 Oct 25, 2013 to Nov 21, 2013 14206338 $6,172.68 8 Nov 22, 2013 to Dec 26, 2013 14207198 $100,040.25 $1,015,429.20 38.6% 9 Nov 22 2013 to Dec 26, 2013 14208189 $3,331.59 $1,018,760.79 38.8% 10 Dec 27, 2013 to Jan 23, 2014 14209690 $63,396.22 $1,082,157.01 41.2% 11 Dec 27, 2013 to Jan 23, 2014 14209911 $3,082.10 $1,085,239.11 " 41.3% Jan 24, 2014 to Feb 20, 2014 14211049 $1,767.62 12 Jan 24, 2014 to Feb 20, 2014 14211854 $57,057.94 $1,144,064.67 43.5% Feb 21,2014 to Mar 27, 2014 14213375 $38,513.02 13 Feb 21, 2014 to Mar 27, 2014 14213251 $133,509.15 $1,316,086.84 50.1% 14 Mar 28, 2014 to Apr 24, 2014 14215160 $28,955.41 $1,345,042.25 51.2% 15 Mar 28, 2014 to A pr 24, 2014 14215824 $172,728.86 $1,517,771.11 57.8% 16 A r 25, 2014 to May 22, 2014 14217272 $7,721.88 $1,525,492.99 58.1% 17 Apr 25,,2014 to Ma 22, 2014 14218434 $130,742.33 $1„656„23532 63.0% May 23, 2014 to June 26, 20114 14219331 $72,472.36 18 May 23, 2014 to June 26, 20114 14219419 $3,039.95 $1,731,747.63 65.9% 19 June 27 2014 to July 24,"2014 14221929 $41,181.23 $1,772,928.86 67.5% June 27, 2014 to Sept 4, 2014 14223436 $209.35 20 July 25, 2014 to Auo 21, 2014 14223642 $32,974.86 $1,806,113.07 68.7% 21 Aug 22,`2014 to Sept 25, 2014 14225672 $80,527.47 $1,886,640:54 71.8% 22 Sep 26, 2014 to Oct 23, 2014 14228411 $57,930.04 $1,944,570.58 74.0% 23 Oct 24,''2014 ti Nov20,2014 14230527 $16,974.82 $1,961,545.40 74.7% 24 Nov 21, 2014 to Dec 31, 2014 14232072 $54,408.52 $2,015,953.92 76.7% Jan 1, 2015 to Jan 29, 2015 14234306 $5,743.29 $2,021,697:21 " 76.9% 26 Jan 30, 2015 to Feb 19, 2015 14236294 $26,648.42 $2,048,345.63 78.0% 27 Feb 20,'2015 to Mar 26, 2015 14238909 $31,513.13 $2,079,858.76 79.2% 28 Mar 27, 2015 to Apr 23, 2015 14240333 $28,898.25 $2,108,757.01 80.3% 29 Apr 4, 2015 to May 21, 2015 14242928 $30,342.94 $2,139,099.95 81.4% 30 May 22, 2015 to June 25, 2015 14245718 $41,612.76 $2,180,712.71 83.0% �� 717 �� ! Check Total $2,180,712.71 �l1 Ag PW 0410 02 [Revised 8/06] 08/04/2015 L - 4 CH2M HILL CONSULTANT AGREEMENT 2016 Water System Plan Update Project Number WT01-2015 Date Agreement Authorized by City Manager:March 2,2015 Contract Expires:12-31-2016 Billing Through:5/29/2015 Payment No.1 Original Contract Previously % Task# Task Amount Current Invoice Invoiced Billings to Date Com lete 1 Description of Water System $11,549.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 2 Water Use $12.077.00 $4,028.00 $0.00 $4,028.00 33.35% 3 System Anal sis $14,505.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 4 WI.JE Water Ri hts System Reliability, and Interties $3,209.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 5 Source Water Protection $8,,161.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 6 O eratlon and Maintenance Program $4,149.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 7 Design and Construction Standards $1,937.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00 8 im rovement Program $4,053.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 9 Financial Analysis $7,561.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 10 A endices $8,381.00 $0.001 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 11 Executive Summa $3.104.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 12 Hydraulic Modeling $16,781.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 13 Document Pre aration and Reviews 13.1 Prelimina Draft $13,429.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 13.2 Final Draft $12,202.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 13.3 Final Plan $10,258.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 0.00% 14 iC eCt Management an ccounting $18.644.00 $1,068.00 $0.00 $1,068.00 5.73% TOTALS $150,000.00 $5,096.091 $0.001 $5,096.00 3.40% 08/04/2015 L - 5 CH2M HILL 2013 Elwha Project Technical Engineering Services Date Agreement Authorized by City Manager:August 16, 2013 Agreement Expires: December 31, 2015 Original Agreement:August 16, 2013 Amendment No.1: October 11, 2013 Amendment No.2: October 31, 2014 Amendment No.3: December 26, 2014 Amendment No.4: March 11, 2015 Billings Through: 5/29/2015 Original Contract Amended Billings Task# Task Amount Contract Amount to Date Complete Elwha Consulting Assistance $4,000.00 $33,999.00 $25,394.55 74.69% 2 Directed Services $1,000.00 $1,000.00 $0.00 0.00% 3 Amedment 1 Assistance $0.00 $15,000.00 $14,208.51 94.72% Total Contract Amount $5,000.00 $49,999.00 $39,603.06 79.21% 08/04/2015 L - 6 Exeltech Consulting, Inc. Date Agreement Authorized by Council: 6-Mar-12 Original Amt Amend Amt Total Lauridsen Blvd Bridge Authorized Amount: $715,251.40 Amendment No.1 Authorized: May 7, 2013 $463,522.16 $1,178,773.56 Amendment No.2 Authorized: March 18,2014 $75,000.00 $75,000.00 LBBR Aurthorization Total $538,522.16 $1,253,773.56 Laurel/Lincoln/L Blvd Intersection Authorized Amount: $100,515.70 $100,515.70 Total Authorized Amount: $815,767.10 $1,354,289.26 Agreement Expires: December 31,2014 Billings Through: March 22, 2015 budget on rac Amended Task# Task Amount Amount Amount Billings to Date % Complete aun sen Blvd bridge 1 (Design&Project $715,251.40 $715,251.40 _ $637,318.07 89% Managment) aun sen B v n ge (CM) $538,522.16 $623,935.38 116% ' 2 Lincoln/Laurel/L Blvd $100,515.70 $100,515.70 $77,404.16 77% 0% 0% 0% Totals $815,767.10 $815,767.10 $1,354,289.26 $1,338,657.61 99% PW 0410_02 [Revised 08/06] 08/04/2015 L - 7 Printed 7/28/2015 City of Port Angeles HERRERA AGREEMENT, STORMWATER ENGINEERING/PLANNING SERVICES PSI Date Agreement Authorized by Council: April 21, 2015 Agreement Expires: April 30, 2017 Billings Through: July 3, 2015 urigmai Contract Billings to Subtask# Description Amount Date % Complete 1.0 Preliminary Assessment of Codes and Policies $28,944.00 $12,522.67 43% 2 0 Draft Revisions to Applicable City Codes and $29,592.00, $0.00 0% Policies 3.0 Planning Commission, UAC, City Council, and $16,532.00 $0.00 0% Public Outreach Support Implementation Tools for the Development 4.0 $34,173.00 $0.00 Community Project Management/Contract Administration $6,130.00 $1,408.58 23% 5.0 Total, Tasks 1.0-5.0 $115,371.00 $13,931.25 12% 08/04/2015 L - 8 Herrera Consultant Agreement,Project OCA 2011.03 Landfill Cell Stabilization Engineering Services Dale Agreement Authorized by Council:October 18,2011 Agreement Expires: October 18,2013 Amendment No 1:March 13,2012 Amendment No 2:June 19,2012 Amendment No,3:March 19,2013 Amendment No,4:July 16,2013 Amendment No.5:November 19,2013 Amendment Nab:January 21,2014 Amendment No,7:April 15,2014 Billings Through:5/29/2015 Billings Task# Task Contract Amount to Date Complete 1 Pretimina Research and Su ort $1.635,001 $1,135,62 69% 2 Data Review $18,031. $10.25189 57% 3 Field Reconnaissance $10,861'. $3.72056 34% 4 Summary of Findin,s $9,007 $8.203..48 91°! Short Term Refuse Assessement and 5 '..Containment Su on $25.956 $32.461.63 125! Drainage System Modifications Assessment, 6 'Desi n,and Su port $31,.160 $40,840.99, 131% 7 Construction Administrative Services $25.000 $19.779..09—79% 8 Shoreline Monitorin Pro ram $54,000 $46.193,77 86% Geophysical Investigation of 304-Compliant 9 Landfill Cell $49,700 $64„063.88 129% Summary of Data Collection and Concept 10 Design Refinement $53,500 $22.,72147 42% Landfill Evaluation and Removal Alternative 91 Analysis $59„100 $129„579..20 219% Bluff Toe Stabilization Concept Mitigation 12 Plan $43,700 $13.819.58 32% 13 Grant/Fundin Su ort $15.,000 _$3„899.76'.. 26% r11l 4 Pro'ect Manaaement $57,384 $78,055.69 136% Cumulative Effects Analysis of Precast 5 Armodng Units $84,285 $71,000.44 84% 6 Permit Development&Applicalions., $258.571 $377,873,51 146% 17 30%Design Development $797.281 $728.372.79 91% 18 Public Outreach $15,000. $8,832..93 59% 19 .Project Management $58.200 $85.518..30 147% 20 I�Final Design 60%and 90 0/1 $502.900 $447,112.,90 89% 21 l00%Contract Documents $163,500 $151,655.20 93% 22 Site lnvesfi 26 $95.900 $109813.22 106% Supplemental Permitting and Cultural 23 Resources $62.500 $46,185,27 74% 24 Public Involvement $15.500 $424,75 3% 25 Bid Phase Su ort $32,500 $73,378.88 226% 26 Additional Refuse Removal Conce t $71„644 $29,458,76 41% 27 Suppleme nlalPS&E $73,536. $7027123! 96% 28 2W-1 Pum in end GW 2/3 Monitoring $30,544 $53.532.48 175% 29 Seawall Access Road Anal sis $42,190 $32,143,50 76% 30 General Stormwater Permit $24,645 $25,592.86 104% 31 Permitting $39,996 $1,107.,09 3% 32 Monitorin I Well Groundwater Investigation $115„331 $41 233..54 36 Design Engineering Services during 33 Construction $426,000 $160,710,25 38% Total Contract Amount $3,364.,057,00 $2,980,923.59 89% 08/04/2015 L _ 9 CLERK STORAGE,POLICE DEPARTMENT&MECHANICAL REMODEL Lindberg & Smith Architects, Inc., P.S. Date Agreement Authorized by City Manager: March 20, 2012 Original Amt Amend Amt Total Amount City Manager Approval: March 20, 2012 $25,000.00 $25,000.00 City Council Approval: September 18,2012 $22,500.00 $47,500.00 City Council Approval:August 20, 2013 $13,000.00 $60,500.00 City Council Approval: May 5,2014 $40,846.00 $101,346.00 Approved April 7, 2015 $17,400.00 $118,746.00 Totals $25,000.00 $93,746.00 Agreement Expires: December 31, 2015 Billings Through:July 13,2015 U ge On 7aC Amended Billings o % Phase# Task Amount Amount Amount Date Complete Review ADA codes, fire access and other 1 &2 codes, and $25,000.00 $25,000.00 - $12,922.50 52% Programming and Schematic Design Design services for mechanical&electrical 3 thru 6 upgrades to computer $22,500.00 $93,746.00 $98,267.00 85% &raio equipment rooms, remodel of 2 IT offices Extra Engineering Services for trouble shooting Existing - 0% system and design repairs 0% 0% Totals $47,500.00 $25,000.00 $118,746.00 $111,189.50 94010 PW 0410_02 [Revised 08/06] 08/04/2015 L - 10 Northwestern Territories, Inc. PSA 2014 GeoTechnical Surveying+Inspection Services Date Agreement Authorized by City Manager:August 27, 2014 Authorized Amount: $24,500* Agreement Expires: July 30, 2015 Billings Through: 6/2/2015 Contract men e i ings to % Task# Task Amount Amount Date Complete Survey Transects at 1 Port Angeles Landfill $2,000.00 - $915.00 46% Other Directed 2 Services $22,500.00 - $4,887.38 22%' Totals $24,500.00 - $5,802.38 24% PW 0410_02 [Revised 08/06] 08/04/2015 Sargent Engineers, Inc. 2014 Professional Services Agreement Civic Field Light Pole Repair and Civil/Structural Engineering Support Services Date Agreement Authorized by City Manager: July 18, 2014 Agreement Expires: July 17, 2015 Billings Through: 5/31/2015 Original Contract Billings % Task# Task Amount to Date Complete Design and calculations for pole repair $3,000.00! $1,324.00 44.13% Civil/Structural Engineering as Directed 2 Support Services $20,000.00 $1,784.90 8.92% Total Contract Amount $23,000.00 $3,108.90' 13.5:2/o 08/04/2015 L - 12 Steve Schunzel Date Agreement Authorized by City Manager February 27,2015 Original Amt Amend Total Authorized Amount: February 27,2015 $4,000.00 $0.00 $4,000.00 Amendment:None TOTALS $4,000.00 $0.00 $4,000.00 Agreement Expires: December 31,2015 Billings Through:March 30,2015 --------- get Contract men e illings to % Task# I Task Amount Amount Amount Date Complete 1 Database n st ation $4,000.00 $4,000.00 $0.00 $1,000.00 25%, 0°/ ° 0% 0%I 0% (Totals 1I $4,000.001 $4,000.00 $1,000.00 259/ PW 0410_02 [Revised 08/06] 08/04/2015 L - 13 7/28/2015, Breakdown Sheet printed 7/28/2015 City of Port Angeles Streamkeepers Fecal Coliform Monitoring Payment#11 -2015 Date Agreement Authorized by Council: October 16,2012 Agreement Expires: December 31, 2016 Billings Through: 6/15/2015 Table 1 -Summary of Payments Payment Amount umu a ive o 0 # Time Period Invoice Number(s) Approved Total Authorized 1 January 2015 Labor 2015.0158 $138.30 $138.30 1'A 2 February 2015 Lab Testing 15-0206, 15-0205 $520.001 $658.30'' 3% 3 March 2015 Lab Testing 15-0258 $468.00 $1,126.30' 6% 4 March 2015 Labor 2015.0368 $919.23 $2,045.53 10% 5 Aril 2015 Labor 2015.0468 $293.33 $2,338.86 12%1 6 lApril 2015 Lab Testing 15-0315 $520.00 $2,858.86 14% 7 Aril 2015 Lab Testing 15-0308 $124.00 $2,982.86 15% 8 May 2015 Labor 2015.0638 $341.64 $3,324.50 17% 9 May 2015 Lab Testing 15-0368 $1,059.00 $4,383.50 22% 10 May 2015 Lab Testing 15-0337 $26.00 March 2015 Lab Testing 15-0259 $52.00 $4,461.50 22% 11 June 2015 Labor 2015.0748 $818.73 $5,280.23 26%1 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% �� Cum Check Total- „ $5,280.23 auk, r, Streamkeepers Fecal Coliform Monitoring Table 2 - Breakdown of Payment is Invoice Previous Task# Task Contract Amount Amount Total New Total 1 Lab Testing $12,000.00 $0.00 $2,769,00 $2,769.00 2 Labor Costs $8,000.00 $818.73 $1,692.50 $2,511.23 $0.00 $0.001 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 $0.00 Totals $20,000.001 $818.73 $4,461.50 $5,280.23 i�„ Check sum= $5,280.23 08/04/2015 L - 14 Vanir Construction Management, Inc. CSO Phase 2 Construction Management Services Contract No. WW10-08 Payment 12 Jeffrey S, Bender 7/17/2015 Date Agreement Authorized by Council: May 12, 2014 Authorized Amount: $1,563,726.00 Agreement Expires: May 15,2016 Billings Through: 12/31/2014 Table 3 - Summary Sheet o Billings to Task# Task I Amount I Amount Date % Complete ase 2 Project 1$1,563,726.0 0(— 600,325.60 38.4% �— r Totals =$1,563,726.0011 $0.00]1 $600,325.60 38.4 PW 0410 02 [Revised 8/06] 08/04/2015 L - 15 Vanir Construction Management, Project OCA 2012-02 Task 2 2012 On-Call Construction Management Services Date Agreement Authorized by Council:September 18,2012 Agreement Expires: December 31,2015 Billings Through:05/31/2015 Contract Amount This Invoice Task# Task thru Amendment Amount Previous Total New Total Complete HTE Account Number Waterfront Development Phase 11 TR02-03 �I (Beach) $303,46304 $0 00 $222,357 32 1222„357 32 73 27% 310-7961-595-651 0-VVF1 14332-03-TRO20 Waterfront Development Phase 11 TR02-03 (Trail) $0,00 $56.629 T9 $56,62975, 310-7961-595-651 O-WF1 14332-03-TR02Q Waterfront Development Phase II TR02-03 (Uppland,) $5e733.59 $2,085,90 $7.8194 310-7961-595-6510-WF114332-03-TR020 Total Contract Amount $303.463.04' $5,733.59 $281 072.,97 $286,806.,5 94.51 08/04/2015 L - 16 CLALL_AM COUNT`,' ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION I�r� t�� L� ,1 �q j� U v L ! 905 West Stn, suite 221-222 JUL 1 7 2015 PO Box 1085 Pont Angeles WA 98362 360.457.7793 www.clallam.org CITY OF FORT ANGELES CITY CLER.K 14 July 2015 A SPOT "f N" T[M "Poets talk about `spots of time',but it is really fishermen who experience eternity compressed into a moment. No one can tell what a spot of time is until suddenly the whole world is a fish and the fish is gone." Norman Maclean—A River Runs Through It TO ALL MEMBERS OF THE EDC: As we present our second quarterly report for 2015, we will carefully explain why it is our"spot in time" for Clallam County. Our team, which now includes the very talented Amy McDonald, and a superb Board of Directors led by Chairman Randy Johnson, continues to follow the Strategic Direction for economic development created nearly a year ago. We will provide an update on the various activities outlined in our report of April 30 and then move on to new strategies for your review. On June 18,the new and complete EDC Board was finally seated. Early in 2014, the Board consisted of 28 members. Today,the board has been reduced to a more nimble number of 14. Those serving are the following: • Randy Johnson,President,Green Crow—Chairman of the Board • Doug Sellon, Executive Director,Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe Economic Development Authority —Vice-Chairman • Ryan Malane, Vice President, Black Ball Ferry—Secretary/Treasurer • Charlie Brandt, Director, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory • Don Butler,President, High Energy Metals • Orville Campbell, EDC Member, City of Port Angeles • John Calhoun, Commissioner, Port of Port Angeles • Brad Collins, Council Member, City of Port Angeles • Linda Dillard, Clallam Bay/Sekiu Chamber A Priv0j Te'�Kr-Profit Corporation Working for Businesses in Clollorn County L - 17 CLAI_LAM COUNTY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION • Hugh Haffner, Vice President-Director, PUD • Ken Hays, Council Member, City of Sequim • Larry Hueth, President& CEO, FirstFed • Eric Lewis, CEO, Olympic Medical Center • Dr. Luke Robins, President, Peninsula College A point we continually make in the community is that we are all one county and we need to act as one. As Joshua Chamberlain said at the Battle of Gettysburg: "What we're all fighting for, in the end, is each other." The people of each of our cities need to remember that. Thus we were sorry when Ken O'Hollaren spoke to the Sequim City Council in late June about the Port's plans to attract direct connecting air service from Fairchild to SeaTac that some Council members indicated a lack of support, saying they would prefer to take Rocket Transportation. What those Council members missed is that air service is not only critical to attract major companies and vastly more jobs to the county, it is also a serious need for our county residents in Port Angeles, in Forks, Clallam Bay, Sekiu, and far beyond. Therefore, we are excited to report three new initiatives led by Larry Hueth, Charlie Brandt, and Jim McEntire. Their aim is to bring"unity", broad leadership, and solutions on major issues facing our county today. A careful explanation of each initiative can be found in the Addendum to this report. .JOBS; In April we pointed out I 1 companies that were seeking a variety of workers with a total of 249 positions. We also indicated that the sample size was small and that many more jobs were available in Clallam County. The EDC Board immediately approved spending for two ads to be run in the Peninsula Daily News that would encourage job seekers to send their resumes to the EDC with our promise that we would seek a match. We have also worked with Duane Folden of Express Employment Professionals(an EDC member) and Brandino Gibson of Work Source. Sadly,only seven individuals responded. They are getting our full attention but the ad campaign has ceased. What's going on?King County's unemployment rate is 3.3 percent. The U.S. unemployment rate is 5.3 percent. Ours exceeds 8 percent. But hundreds and hundreds of jobs are available in our county. Bottom line: It appears that we have an employment crisis, not the reverse. Our belief is that the answer lies in making a concerted effort to create a much better balance in the variety of jobs available; to create a better balance in our entire economy. We have abundant talent, desire, and dedication. Commissioner Bill Peach tells us that if a top-line manufacturer moved to Port Angeles looking to hire, 300 people from Forks with a high work ethic would be knocking on the company's door at three o'clock in the morning. Those folks might have to go through work force training at Peninsula College, but that fact would just make Luke Robins smile. I A PrivRP413 -Profit Corporation Working for Businesses in Clollom County L - 18 CLALLAM COUNTI/ ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION A key part of the EDC strategy is to try our best to support our timber interests—and we are. But the fight will be a long one. In the last thirty years the timber harvest has dropped by 75 percent. A host of great people here are trying hard to point the needle up. The EDC is one of them. However, we are also aiming to bring light manufacturers in technology, health care devices,and recreational equipment to our county, just as other counties have done in places like Moses Lake and Yakima. Details will follow in the final section of this report. BUSINESS RETENTION: One of the greatest satisfactions enjoyed by the team at the EDC is meeting the fine people of this county during our BRE visits. Most seem to be running their companies with genuine excellence. They sense the upturn in our economy and are becoming excited. They also seem to appreciate the fact that the Economic Development Council has their interests in mind—as well as some innovative solutions. And many have chosen to join tine EDC as a result of the process. We are proud that our list of private supporters is growing rapidly. Enclosed with this report is a list by logo of all of our supporters. More are joining every month. They appear prominently on our new website and a click to a logo will take a viewer to that company's website. RECRUITMENT: A focus on that"SPOT IN TIME" is the major thrust of this report. Here is how we seized it in this past quarter: • A second airline visited Port Angeles to discuss another and distinctive way to have direct connecting flights from Fairchild Airport. As reported earlier,the businesses we meet from outside the area absolutely demand good air service as the price to move their operations here. So thanks to the hard work of the people at our Port we are gradually moving toward a positive outcome. • The top management of one of the greatest marine companies in the Northwest had an all-day session with key leaders from the Port,the City of PA,the County, and the business community. There are many issues, but we're close. And they are serious. A move here would rnean the relocation of over 200 families to the county and the training and hiring of up to 150 more. Many individuals receiving this quarterly are working hard to make it happen. i A PrivRP4RS�r1�-Profit Corporation Working for Businesses in Clallam County L - 19 CLALLAM COUNTY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION • The lead three-person team from a top 4-Star hotel chain also has visited with a great group from the City of PA and the business community for a similar all-day session to explore sites and to discuss the economic rationale for locating here. Their proposed hotel would appeal to the traveler who would wish to"camp out"for perhaps five days in Port Angeles in order to see the treasures of our peninsula as well as taking a day trip to Victoria on the Coho Ferry. Again, we are very close with these folks, but getting air service is critical.The hotel would employ 80,with ten in top management. The overall task of recruiting has continued, as in previous reports, via the Commerce"Hot List"and our own direct efforts.Now,with Amy McDonald here, working hand-in-glove with Jennifer, we have the time to recruit even harder, especially in places east of Puget Sound. In King County the median price of a home just reached $500,000—a new high, and nearly twice that of one in Port Angeles. The morning commute in the Seattle area has become a nightmare. Yet most workers pass up public transportation and drive their own cars. Proof that a lower wage bracket of workers is leaving King County appeared when The Seattle Times reported that net migration to the area dropped about 35 percent in 2014. Migration to neighboring Pierce County jumped from minus-75 to 4,336. Seattle is booming but it will ultimately come with a cost. As we recruit, we have to be up front about our problems. The biggest is the infrastructure of our schools. New bond issues have to be put on the table and passed. And we need to move fast while interest rates for municipalities are at historic lows. Without good schools we won't attract doctors to what will soon be the greatly expanded Olympic Medical Center. A vote against school bonds is a vote against one's own future health care. When we talk about schools on a recruiting trip we try to balance the issue by discussing affordable housing costs and our great country living. A special advantage we enjoy is Peninsula College. That magnificent institution just received $23.8 million for an Early Childhood Development Center. Additionally, while the college already is training students for one of our key industries, composites, it also stands ready to train marine trades and hotel workers in programs crafted by the employer. With State grants often available,a company moving here has a good chance of getting trained employees at little or no cost. The company wins, as does our college. When we speak with corporate CEOs their biggest interest lies in the incredible tax advantages we can offer to a manufacturer because Clallam is a rural county with high unemployment. Most of our members are familiar with those incentives now and they have strong appeal to corporate leaders in cities like Seattle where these incentives are not available. In the right circumstances a company can increase its margins by ten points or more—all while offering employees a far lower cost of living. These tax incentives from the State(which will stay in place for the qualifying company for eight years!)are slated to expire on July 1, 2016. So we must use the next year to catch as many big fish as we can. A PriRcR4�Fi� -Profit Corporation Working for Businesses in Clallam County L - 20 CLALLAM COUNTY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION The next twelve months are Clallam County's"spot in time." We must do all we can to MAKE THINGS HAPPEN. We need to bring in new employers who will balance our economy. And we all need to work together as a comprehensive whole. Like Norman Maclean, plying the waters of the Big Blackfoot River, we will be frequently casting our rod with "a four-count rhythm and the hope that a fish will rise". Respectfully submitted, Bill Greenwood Jennifer Linde Amy McDonald A PrivR84 ffll�-Profit Corporotion Working for Businesses in Clallam County L - 21 CLALLAM COUNTY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION ADDENDUM Three new initiatives are now underway that will include the participation of many citizens throughout the county. They are of great importance and their common aim might be called "A Unity of Effort." The first is being led by Larry Hueth on behalf of the EDC. Its aim is to be inclusive of all in the county in order to create"Priorities and Legislative Guidance for Clallam County Economic Development."This is a major effort of"Unity"designed to provide a collaborative and open environment for public sector officials, policy makers, and other civic leaders to identify and prioritize issues critical to the region's economic vitality and quality of life. These issues would be elevated and discussed at the state and federal level with representatives who have the ability to access funding. The second initiative is led by Charlie Brandt, also on behalf of the EDC. He has established a Ready Workforce Committee whose mission is to provide a snapshot of issues and challenges businesses face in terms of obtaining and retaining their workforces. The outcomes the Committee has set include identifying options for addressing those issues and challenges and then recornmending them for action by responsible organizations. Charlie expects that this exercise will also provide an opportunity to share successes and best practices. The Committee had its first meeting on July 7"'and is moving fast to get at the issues and to share them, particularly with business clusters that have similar requirements for staff. A third initiative is being introduced by Jim McEntire at the county level. He has proposed a"Strategic Infrastructure Development Plan"and the establishment of a Clallam County Economic Infrastructure Council. The Council members will consist of one elected official or senior staff member from each of the Cities, County, Port, and District. The tribes within Clallam County and the EDC will be invited to nominate a representative to the Council. The task is aimed at efficient and coordinated capital spending for economic development and job creation. A PrivQoTT'fflI�-Profit Corporation Working for Businesses in Clallom County L - 22 M N sw C� J cc v" rim mss:. now �Uml W 1 � � W W CL o _ Ln o z N D h� Gov; all I O sI p � Q" H T_ O O N V O co O Z N � J al - � w No Q� O � U > Z Ljmj CA Z H o ... w LLJ ® o rte. U) W v„ Q s • Q' _ a . p 00 0 N J " 3 " 0 NIPPON a W •■ W v O V W a` H � U ,A to :� II CY a A 4 � S - """�...: G 04 �~2 AM co MR N®R CO 0 cD N cn UJI W U 3S CA r � �( ML ;rill a o IT x Dow" v C • .� � =04 3' .j • Q :3 *i c +�' f o Z ` U - ►�'+"�ipWyy q1 � O CA VS F�yi+1—�+CI—tt G m,"she s f,, y � r U�; LW O N_ LW Vu W 0 2I fdst Rdilroad five, Port fin8des,Wdshln8ton 98362 a a1011f1L ctntirn en(oe camintficr 360-452-2363 July 24, 2015 The following report details the results from the Marketing Contract and the Visitor Center contract for year to date through June 2015. Page 1) Spreadsheet listing the decisions made for media and promotions for the year along with the funds allocated for the Visitor Center operations. Pages -4) Thesespreadsheets detail the allocation of funds requested the chamber from the city along with when the city check was received. Page 5) The __r r. � p� m L Fj; web site continues to be the primary source for people to learn about the Port Angeles product. This page provides the details from this site. Page ) Visitor Center counts and visitation detail Page 7m ) Social media details Page 9) Occupancy detail along Page ) Room tax collection detail. 08/04/2015 L - 27 n I n o r sal II v3 v3 �o o o�olo'o 0 0 0 0 0 0 I o oo o �n � II �o 0 0 �oo olli to to I I �OO O O N O O n�n O Oj ON M N O O O O O Ol N N O O O O !' VO�00 V In F N� v>of vii�Iv En an sa fa sa v3 Ibs stn»Fn sn"'II I I v�v�� I�of I <n v> I » In b I ��OO jj n a_. M Y 0 0 D;y ,N O O M'b �n1 O h c0 In i �D nl In MN I ^N ^MM O O� Iyb In O n III I 1600 0 0 00 0 O � Iin M 1 aI rn o�o n o N n•m M �� v Nm �'n�cn °v 1 �°M°� iva fv ° M In n In sfDS M ~ -J OM { O Jb O f M 7 sNS�sM5 I (!( vmi a5�`� � ^� M» ��vbi vn In �n I 5sl �vj W OIN M Ki �yfi III III K G m� j_' MIO OIO O O O N O M b O n O r n vlv3l v3{yjiv3 es n sz m v fn v j v' n ml Iss Ies� v, » ?i IO�00 0000p00 O O�M rio� �I �O�VI� 10 mb � O n noo norn�n ( YY Yi V3 v3 v3 v3 v3 r'v3 v') Vi N FAf v3 I 69 ,.a O O 0 0 0 0 0 0 O O O O� j COI j OI Ian O� Of I O n M I.. w LL M O O m O n 0 n O n N( i0 O M b0 n O h W � n a es O �+ f llln I IA IA �F1 �n v3 M b n 1 Y3 Yi If I I v I � w I N Ko l I'• �, �o w�'°_� � � .. E � F" �' c� N m � >CJ�'° � l o. �'� � � 4. I w � i �I ' e- y R W 4.W m•� .?V f ° a-! h� Y� o V �;, a�b a ca w 0.1 Lao vl a � � n v z� m u ol IW g r31�o"%t1�1 no o:C7w V j- PaUOz La Eo 3t7 � H'. °-`p. iFo" ^"` aiUw hi La IF U I0 jV F jj 08/04/2015 L _ 28 07/15 — --- ref# - City Invoice Spreadsheetli 05 l Marketing Costs Line Adm Support 4/16-30 #74 $1,192.50 - - - - Adm Support 4/16-30 #74 $730.00 Bicycle Paper �#32 $1,540.00 Lincoln St. Station #51 $382.21 John Gussman _ #10 $640.00 Micronet 92247 & 90754 #8 $644.36 Facebook ads #19 $251.34 Total marketing costs $5,380.41 Visitor Center Costs Adm Support_4/16-30 #76 $969.67 Adm Support 4/16-30 #76 $510.42 DM Disposal #76 $15.08 POE - -#76 $101.53 -, -- McCrorie Carpet Cleaning #76 $196.75 Albright Networks #76 $468.83 Landing Mall #76 $1,612.68 I Total Visitor Center Costs $37874.96 Total invoice $9,255.37 176' 08/04/2015 L - 29 � City Invoice Spreadsheet, 05/29/15 I ref# Marketing Costs I Line Adm Support Support 5/1-15 #74 $1,192.00 Adm Supports/1-15 #74 $730.00 Adm Support 5/16-31 #74 $1,192.00 Adm Support 5/16-31 I#74 $730.00 John Gussman#1335 & 1334 I#55 $119.00 InsideOut 1I#70 $120.00 Price Media #34 $1,430.00 y --- - - - I Price Media #14 &15 $1,130.00 I Pa Pal for Fa_cebook ads #18 $500.08 Micronet - #8 $322.19 - --- - - - 0$595.0 _Bicycle Paper - #12 & 31 I,I - Total marketing costs $8,060.27 Visitor Center Costs Adm Support 5/1-15 #76 $969.67 Adm Support 5/1-15 #76 $510.42 Adm Supports/16-31 1#76 $969.67 Adm Support 5/16-31 #76 $510.42 Phhiladelphia Ins 1#76 $891.20 WAVE 1#76 $118.32 Canon Financial #76 $247.89 Holiday Film Corp #76 $366.23 - - - Landing Mall 1#76 $1,612.68 Impact Photo Graphics #76 $896.83 - - Total Visitor Center Costs $7,093.33 Total invoice ----- ---- $15,153.60 08/04/2015 L - 30 City Invoice Spreadsheet 06/25/15 ref# Marketing Costs - Line Adm Support 6/1-15 #74 $1,192.00 Adm Support 5/1-15 j#74 $730.00 - Micronet 1#8 $322.19 Comcast #19 $111.00 KOMO +#16 $2,750.00 Northwest Travel Print i#36 $1,524.00 Northwest Travel WEB I#11 $2,995.00 Immediate Images 1#55 $1,260.00 PayPal - #18 $752.47 PayPal - I#18 $134.96 Total marketing costs $11,771.62 Visitor Center Costs Adm Support 6/1-15 -- —';#76 $969.67 Adm Support 6/1-15 #76 $510.42 John Gussman '#76 $100.00 WAVE 1#76 $125.71 Canon #76 $298.49 Especially For You 2496 &2498 #76 $106.90 DM Disposal #76 $14.78 Albri h Managed Networks #76 $81.31 POE - - #76 $106.60 Olympic Springs - #76 $13.00 — ------ 0 Philadelphia Insurance installment payment #76 ) $2,344.00 Total Visitor Center Costs $4,670.88 1 Total invoice j $16,442.50 F 08/04/2015 L - 31 Web site details for w mw-Pqq"@-n g!4@�Iqrfl Webvisits Welavisits if 2014 2015 Jan 15024 12799 -15% Feb 12120 15217 26% March 13851 16546 19% April 13668 16824 23% May 16222 19837 22% June 21692 23223 7% 929577 104,446 13% Countries represented that have visited the web site Igrg 911 were from the United States 7% were from Canada 1% were from United Kingdom 1% were from Germany Top Cities represented that have visited the web site W","\A/w I.I. -(-t2li�.�l-�l:-i..�,..Qf F. 26% are from the Seattle 15 Corridor 13% are from the Olympic Peninsula 5% are from British Columbia 5% are from California (combined an Fran and LA) 3% are from the Portland area 08/04/2015 L - 32 Visitor Center Survey Information Guest Guest Diff visits visits 2014 2015 Jan 1629 2919 44% Feb 1764 2$17 37% March 3936 5952 34% April 6120 6303 3% May 7637 3961 14% June 11250 13591 17% YT® 32,386 409548 20% 33% from asin t n State 10% European Countries 10% Canada (mostly Victoria area) 9% East Coast 11 8% Southwest U % Central U 6% California 5% Oregon 4 % of the guests were staying in Port Angeles 48% two nights 33°% one night 15% three nights The amount of people traveling together is: 4% two people 121 one person 10% three people 9% four people % more than four How did guests find out information about Port Angeles 5% said they saw and ad or article 15% searched the web 1 % word of mouth from friends or family Using the WEB site: 4% of all the guests commented they used the web at some point to plan their visit 08/04/2015 L - 33 Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce Outside Magazine's BestTown Online Social Media Campaign forthe City.. $500 Start.- 6/3/2015 6.-18pm 6/4/2015 8:59pm Outside Magazine Website Clicks.- 1,283 Audience Reach.- 67,019 Al, Vote&Visit Port Angelo% inactive Website Clicks Jun 3,20 15—Jun 4.20126 $0,00 OMOO I /!'4V Is yr 4 1(11 1,283 67,019 1.09 $500.00 $0.39 AS, ANWMIept DP*I1,d Viove Ror-?, Wwo Wilory %kirw& Ad Sava' DoWmv R—,h. 1"w' R-ch Budgm spora iodaw ToTM Spew Sum Dwe End Dm. I' " 1 28S Sq 65 U9 $11,011)00 U,Yj Wo W, r-q art AV,*,h,P NIN "A�N pwlh 0,6,1 PMA qvl,ll PwT III I Vote For Porl-AngMes Vote t,or Pori,!ki,�gtitles Vote For Pod Alt�eIeS !N, I RN 'i Nv W A V,,,,I,,1,1m 01,14,,n El .7--, NV) Pf—,VIITFAVI'�Ff i", mr,JV Yu pt, V11rFA OVIC I,,flh,.P, 1v 11TV ll—,,VilF C11111111111 1:11 VISIT 91,}'.IV W1 vi'm (tfl Vote For frod AngOes N"O For Vote For Port Angeies AA INAL P'1-*,r1l,11 NA ,,4, ,., i 11 00," A VIA,+w rd I Nil( Ple—VOU&V L - 34 Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce - Facebook "Likes' 33%increase between July 9 2014 and July 9 2015 - Current Count:2,247 Comparison of'Likes' with surrounding Chambers as of July 9th - 2015 Port Angeles Regional Chamber of Commerce:2,274 Sequirn-Dungeness Valley Chamber of Commerce: 1,224 Discover Forks Washington:4,024 Jefferson County Chamber of Commerce:520 Clallam Bay Sekiu Chamber of Commerce:85 Greater Kingston Community Chamber of Commerce: 1,021 Greater Poulsbo Chamber of Commerce:920 Silverdale Chamber of Commerce&Visitor Center: 1,604 Bremerton Chamber of Commerce: 1,815 M Total Page Likes Anacortes Chamber of Commerce:2,824 2.2K Greater Grays Harbor:958 Total Page likes 2K 2,274 Miffil ChaCPS(drag to select 1.6K ALI 9 Sep slot Noy sec Feb MW AK May Jun Jul 2014 2015 Graph shows growth of Facebook Likes from 7/9/2014 to 7/9/2015 Recent Facebook Posts'. 7/2 to 7/9- 2015 P"rwO"") post Type Tairge,fing Reach Engagemem PIL"note AH", nr" lmm"e W", Kz= 01107,2V5 4 H!, ILI AI Mk J, K== 0,7A7,V2 0 VMV2016 71,5 N men= IM= 070',Y201 , W l a ff sU A I J ""d dj,'Aw""' W" "W 07102J20 1 0,r. la i'w" (,om. "' of ata Owr'!' "D U)" OfA R 08/04/2015 L 35 Occupancy Information r Port Month Occupancy u Rooms ccuancy u Rooms 2014 2014 2015 2015 Jan 27% 5942 25% 5502 ®7% Feb 29% 5765 32% 6361 10% March 40% 8804 39% 8583 -3% April 47% 10011 55% 11715 17% May 68% 14502 74% 16287 9% June 77% 16401 84% 17892 9% YTD 48% 61,42 % 661340 8% We have used 1.8 peo le per room as the average in order to determine how many people are staying overnight, which means based on the rooms used we had 119,412 people April-June. Based on survey information from the visitor center we confirmed that the web continues as the main source for gathering information for travel details about Port Angeles. 64% mentioned they used the WEB an 5% mentioned they saw a specific ad or article. Using these percentages it is a fair assumption that our promotional efforts caused % of the nests or 35,823 to visit or help with planning their visit. It is also safe to say that these 35,823 came from more than 50 miles away. From revious survey information we estimate a person spends $125 per day in town which includes their lodging. From this we estimate our marketing for the nd quarter brought in $13,800,000 in direct community revenue. 08/04/2015 L - 36 C/ Room Tax Collections for Port Angeles Collected Sales Room Tax Room Tax Diff Goal In from 2014 2015 2015 Jan Nov $19,231 $16,653 -13% $19,500 Feb Dec $16,798 $19,583 17% $17,000 March Jan $16,971 $16,654 -2% $17,000 April Feb $17,178 $20,396 19% $17,500 May March $25,267 $25,116 -1% $25,500 June April $27,223 $40,632 49% $27,500 YTD $122,668 $139)034 1 %® $124,000 Room Tax Collections for other Olympic Peninsula Communities Clal. Co January February March April May June YTD % Change 2015 $18,498.56 $53,383.94 $11,472.80 $11,450.60 $22,313.46 $20,414.18 $137,533.54 3717% 2014 $11,77t08 $35,207.04 $11,804,76 $7,593,68 $15,67920 $18,135.80 $100,191,56 P.A. January February March April May June YTD Change 2015 $16,653.42 $19,918.77 $14,892.19 $20,395.22 $25,115.84 $40,632.02 $137,607.46 11,23% 2014 $19,230,84 $17,842.26 $16,970.75 $17,177.66 $25,267,30 $27,223.00 $123,711.81 .......... Sequirn January February March April May June YTD % Change 2015 $12,223.02 $8,997.22 $9,977.34 $12,747.28 $15,260.98 $18,73134 $77,937.18 22,54% 2014 $10,659,60 $7,762.24 $8,007.00 $9,270.66 $12,616,24 $14,969.88 $63,285.62 Forks January February March April May June YTD % Change 2015 $6,534.86 $5—,14-8—.50 $5,559.40 $6,994.62 $8,381.54 $9,081.26 $41,700,18 5,36% 2014 $4,963.18 $6,876.88 $4,767,52 $6,791.86 $8,104,04 $8,075.02 $39,578.50 08/04/2015 L - 37