HomeMy WebLinkAboutMCA 26-0090 Work Session Presentation Final CWGCOPA Development
Code Amendments
Phase Two: Critical Areas Ordinance & Urban Forestry
Agenda
•Background
•Questions for Council
•Existing Regulation
•Goals and Objectives
•Code Amendment Process
•Where We Are Heading
•Progress Made To-Date
•Questions and Discussion
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Comprehensive Plan Periodic Update
•10-year periodic update required by the GMA.
•Development code updates scheduled in phases from 2026 – 2028.
•Critical Areas Ordinance ( CAO)update is an additional requirement.
•Opportunity to ensure all state legislative requirements are met by
local code.
•Opportunity to look at internal and external environmental
compliance and procedures.
•Inclusion of best available science (BAS).
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Phased Development Code Update
•Phase 1: Life, Safety and OTC Permit Expansion
•Adopted June 2, 2026
•Phase 1.5: GMA Development Codes
•Adopted August 18, 2026
•Phase 2: Critical Areas
•To be adopted November 17, 2026
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Phased Development Code Update
•Phase 2.5: Urban Forestry
•To be adopted Q1 2027
•Phase 3: Zoning and Urban Development
•Internal Kickoff Q4 2026
•Phase 4: Sign Code and Secondary Development
Codes
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Phased 2 CAO Update Schedule
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Questions for Council Consideration
1.What types of activities or uses should the City generally
support within or near critical areas?
2.Are there activities or uses the City should approach more
cautiously?
3.What factors should guide the City’s approach to wetland
protection?
4.How proactive should the City be in protecting critical
aquifer recharge areas for potential future water-use needs?
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Questions for Council Consideration
5.How should the City balance viewshed enhancement with
protection of critical areas?
6.What role should the City play in encouraging restoration of
previously degraded critical areas?
7.What approach should the City take toward tree retention and
management on privately owned property?
8.What principles should guide tree retention and management
so that impacts and benefits are equitable across the
community?
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Existing Regulation
Title 15 – Environment
•Lacks clarity and readability.
•Best available science is dated.
•Does not include protection standards for all critical areas.
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Goals and Objectives
•Align Title 15 with state mandated Critical Areas Ordinance (CAO).
•Perform audit of existing codes within Titles 11, 13, &15.
•Ensure consistency with Best Available Science and Best Practices.
•Improve readability, consistency, and clarity for the public, staff,
and contractors.
•Future incorporation of Urban Forestry per goals and policies of
the Vision 2045 Comprehensive Plan.
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Internal Kickoff
•Introduce the amendment scope, goals, and results.
•Define the timeline for review and adoption.
•Define roles for code writing and review.
•Define the external stakeholder committee.
•Determine regular meeting dates moving forward.
•Adopt a final deliverable workplan.
•Review the WA Department of Commerce CAO checklist.
Code Development
•Re-alignment of existing code.
•Regularly scheduled code writing/review workshops with
identified staff members.
•Department of Commerce CAO Checklist compliance.
•New thresholds and application processes and
procedures based upon Title 18.02.
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Public Engagement
•Dedicated website
•Stakeholder Advisory Committee
•Builders Round Table
•Newsflash and Press Release.
•Todd Ortloff Show on August 5.
•Opt-in Email notifications
•Planning Commission
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Implementation
•Updated Environmental Planning landing webpage,
including FAQ’s and links to handbooks.
•Urban Forestry Management Best Practices Handbook.
•Urban Forestry lead-team development to coincide
with the 2025-2027 Department of Commerce Salmon
Planning Grant Award.
•CAO Management Handbook for property owners.
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Where We Are Heading
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Chapter 15.22 Critical Areas
•Shift from “environmentally sensitive areas”.
•Redesigned for improved readability.
•Article based.
•General provisions and review.
• One critical area per remaining article.
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Article I - General Provisions
•Updates to and consolidation of definitions.
•How GIS mapping is used in determining critical
area boundaries.
•Clarity around exemptions, allowed, and permitted
uses.
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Exemptions
•Unlikely to result in an impact to a critical area or its buffer.
•Does not give permission to degrade a critical area or its buffer.
•Must meet the precise description stated.
•Based on the guidance provided by Department of Commerce.
•Emergencies, landscaping maintenance, passive outdoor
recreation, trail maintenance, forest practices regulated by the
state.
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Allowed Uses or Activities
•Unlikely to result in an impact to critical areas or their buffers.
•Require a letter to the Director stating how the activity or use
will not impact the critical area(s) or buffer, processed as Type
0 or Type I.
•Must use mitigation sequencing (avoid → minimize →
mitigate → maintain → compensate → monitor).
•Site investigation work, minor modifications to existing
structures, operation, maintenance and repairs, trails,
vegetation management.
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Permitted Uses or Activities
•Type II Critical Area Development Permits
•Permitted uses are the same as those permitted in the
underlying zone.
•Must be evaluated in accordance with the critical area
review requirements, including supporting studies and
reports.
•Buffer modifications, drainage facilities, utility locations.
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Reasonable Use Exceptions
•Processed as Type III Permits.
•“Reasonable” has been left to the courts to decide.
•Related to loss of economic use of a property.
•Minimum necessary allowance for reasonable
economic use of the property.
•Compensatory mitigation needed to offset losses.
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Examples of Reasonable Use Exceptions
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A B C D
Article II: Review Procedures
•Critical area report requirements.
•Mitigation sequencing and plan requirements.
•Identification and markings.
•Financial guarantees.
•Unauthorized uses and enforcement.
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Article III: Wetlands
•“Areas that are inundated or saturated by surface water
or groundwater at a frequency and duration sufficient to
support, and that under normal circumstances do
support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted
for life in saturated soil conditions.”
•Generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar
areas.
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Wetland Buffers
•Option 1: Based only on wetland category.
•Option 2: Based on wetland category and intensity
of impacts.
•Option 3: Based on wetland category, intensity of
impacts, and wetland functions or special
characteristics.
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Article IV: Critical Aquifer Recharge
Areas (CARAs)
•CARAs – areas with a critical recharging effect on
aquifers used for potable water.
•Currently not used for that purpose within City
Limits.
•Moving forward, what regulation should we have?
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Article V: Frequently Flooded Areas
•Floodplains and other areas subject to flooding.
•Based on FEMA Flood Insurance Risk Maps.
•Protection of ecological functions and values while
protecting buildings, infrastructure, and people
from flood risk.
•Chapter 15.12 – Flood Damage Prevention.
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Article VI: Geologically Hazardous Areas
•Landslide, erosion, seismic hazard areas, such as marine
bluffs and stream ravines.
•Reduce risk of damage to structures and property.
•Allow for natural geologic processes that support and
maintain fish and wildlife habitat.
•Special consideration given to climate change risks.
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Spotlight: Viewshed Enhancements
•Allowed activity, provided:
•No increase in geological hazards.
•Will not negatively impact fish and wildlife habitat.
•Will not remove >25% living canopy over five-year
period.
•No felling, topping, or removal of trees is allowed.
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Article VII: Fish and Wildlife Habitat
Conservation Areas (FWHCAs)
•FWHCAs – critically important to maintenance of
certain fish, wildlife and/or plant species
populations.
•All creeks, kelp and eelgrass beds, and any area
designated as having endangered, threatened,
and sensitive species or habitats.
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Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation
Areas (FWHCAs)
•Special consideration given to anadromous fisheries.
•US Fish and Wildlife, WA DNR, WDFW, NOAA.
•Riparian corridors and nearshore habitat.
•Habitat connectivity.
•Adequate buffer zones to limit incompatible uses.
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Fish and Wildlife Habitat Conservation
Areas (FWHCAs)
•Potential for restoring lost/impaired habitat.
•Establishing/enhancing non-regulatory approaches to
protect and restore.
•Encourage restoration of degraded areas.
•Incentive protection of these areas – conservation
easements or potential City ownership.
•Partnerships with local organizations already involved.
•Grant funds or general funds to supplement costs.
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Chapter 15.26: Urban Forestry
•Set for future adoption in 2027
•Multiple goals and policies exist in various long-term
plans.
•Goal: 30% Canopy in all residential neighborhoods.
•Chapter 11.13 – Street Trees.
•No other tree protection standards.
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1. What types of activities or uses should the
City generally support within or near critical
areas?
•Other examples of uses or activities that are unlikely
to impact critical areas.
•How to avoid unconstitutional “taking” of property
while also ensuring critical areas are not adversely
impacted.
•Permitting the same uses as the underlying zone.
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2. Are there activities or uses the City should
approach more cautiously?
•Viewshed enhancement or selective clearing.
•Higher-risk activities within Critical Aquifer
Recharge Areas.
•Clean up of previously degraded sites.
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3. What factors should guide the City’s
approach to wetland protection?
•Intensity of the proposed use on the landscape.
•The wetland rating and habitat value.
•Surrounding uses in the vicinity.
•What is allowed in the underlying zone (i.e.
commercial, industrial, residential)
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4. How proactive should the City be in
protecting critical aquifer recharge areas for
potential future water-use needs?
•Regulation of hazardous materials.
•Regulation of new commercial and industrial uses.
•Regulation of agricultural practices and ground
disturbing activity.
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5. How should the City balance
viewshed enhancement with protection
of critical areas?
•Industry practices vs. abilities of local
contractors.
•Potential negative impact of not allowing any
viewshed enhancement.
•How to enforce mal-pruning practices, even
when permits are received.
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6. What role should the City play in
encouraging restoration of previously
degraded critical areas?
•Are mitigation sequencing requirements
being met?
•Continued degradation and enforcement.
•Explore joining partner organizations efforts.
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7. What approach should the City take
toward tree retention and management
on privately owned property?
•How much oversight should the City have?
•How to reach tree canopy coverage goals
without additional oversight?
•Different requirements for tree retention on
developed vs. undeveloped lots.
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8. What principles should guide tree
retention and management so that impacts
and benefits are equitable across the
community?
•Who is responsible for ongoing tree maintenance
of city-owned and ROW trees?
•When trees need to be removed for safety reasons,
who is responsible?
•How to incentivize tree protection and installation
that benefits all community members?
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Next Steps
•8/26 Planning Commission Final Review
•9/23 Planning Commission Public Hearing
•10/20 City Council 1st Reading
•11/17 City Council 2nd Reading and Adoption
•Q1/2 2027 City Council Review of Chapter 15.26
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Thank You!
Discussion
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June 16, 2026
•Motion to direct staff to develop a proposed policy of
best practices related to remediation of sites that
have been disturbed by human-caused means, such
as encampments, within our critical areas where
property owners are responsible, including
governmental entities, and includes progressive
consequences for non-compliance.
•Motion was postponed until September 1, 2026.
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